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SRG1,Encoding a Kinesin-4 Protein,Is an Important Factor for Determining Grain Shape in Rice

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Rice science 2018年第6期25卷 297-307页

作者： QIN Ran Delara AKHTER YANG Chengcong Ujjal Kumar NATH Jamal ESHAG JIN Xiaoli shi chunhai Department of Agronomy Zhejiang University Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding Sylhet Agricultural University Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding Bangladesh Agricultural University

Grain shape is one of the important agronomic traits, which is closely related to the yield of rice.A new rice mutant, named small and round grain(srg1), was isolated from an indica cultivar Zhenong 34 by ethyl methane sulfonate(EMS) mutagenesis. The microscopic analysis showed that the cell length of spikelet in srg1 was decreased compared with that in wild type(WT), which caused the grain length short.Meanwhile, the grains of srg1 were wider than those of WT because of the increased cell layers in spikelet in the lateral direction. Therefore, the inhibition of cell expansion and increased cell proliferation collectively led to the small and round grain. By map-based cloning, the gene SRG1 was located on the short arm of chromosome 9, which encodes a kinesin-4 protein, represented by the gene LOC_Os09 g02650. A single nucleotide polymorphism, occurred in the 16 th exon of SRG1, led to premature translation stop in mutant. The cell cycle-related genes were up-regulated in srg1, which conferred that SRG1 controlled grain width through the cell proliferation. Since the role of SRG1 in regulating grain shape was not clarified well before, it is valuable to explore the mechanism of grain development. This study could, hence, provide a morphogenesis and molecular basis for elucidating the function of SRG1, as well as a new germplasm resource for the further study of grain development.

关键词： small and round grain kinesin-4 protein gene mapping rice

Phase transferring luminescent gold nanoclusters via single-stranded DNA

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Science China Chemistry 2022年第6期65卷 1212-1220页

作者： Yu Li Hui Lu Zhibei Qu Mingqiang Li Haoran Zheng Peilin Gu Jiye shi Jiang Li Qian Li Lihua Wang Jing Chen chunhai Fan Jianlei Shen Division of Physical Biology CAS Key Laboratory of Interfacial Physics and TechnologyShanghai Institute of Applied PhysicsChinese Academy of SciencesShanghai201800China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing100049China School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Frontiers Science Center for Transformative Molecules and National Center for Translational MedicineShanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai200240China Shanghai Synchrotron Radiation Facility Zhangjiang LaboratoryShanghai Advanced Research InstituteChinese Academy of SciencesShanghai201210China Shanghai Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Chemical Processes School of Chemistry and Molecular EngineeringEast China Normal UniversityShanghai200127China

Atomically precise gold nanoclusters(Au NCs) are an emerging class of quantum-sized nanomaterials with discrete electronic energy levels, which has led to a range of attractive electronic and optical applications. Nevertheless, the lack of general methods to transfer Au NCs protected with hydrophobic ligands to an aqueous solution hampers their use in physiological settings. Here,we developed a single-stranded DNA-based approach that could transfer ~90% hydrophobic Au NCs into an aqueous solution.We experimentally and theoretically established that multivalent electrostatic and hydrophobic interactions between DNA strands and the hydrophobic ligand layer on Au NCs resulted in monodispersed DNA-coated Au NCs with high physical integrity in an aqueous solution. The fluorescence quantum yield of Au NCs was increased by ~13 fold, and surface-constrained DNA retained the specific recognition ability for biosensing. We further demonstrated the versatility of this phase-transfer approach, which thus holds great potential to advance biological and medical applications of Au NCs.

关键词： gold nanoclusters DNA monodispersed phase transfer biological application

Characterization of wavy root 1,an agravitropism allele,reveals the functions of OsPIN2 in fine regulation of auxin transport and distribution and in ABA biosynthesis and response in rice(Oryza sativa L.)

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The Crop Journal 2022年第4期10卷 980-992页

作者： Wenqiang Li Minjuan Zhang Lei Qiao Yunbo Chen Dapeng Zhang Xiuqing Jing Pengfei Gan Yangbin Huang Junru Gao Wenting Liu chunhai shi Hongchang Cui Haifeng Li Kunming Chen State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology in Arid Areas College of Life SciencesNorthwest A&F UniversityYangling 712100ShaanxiChina The Sericultural and Silk Research Institute College of Animal Science and TechnologyNorthwest A&F UniversityYangling 712100ShaanxiChina College of Agronomy Northwest A&F UniversityYangling 712100ShaanxiChina Department of Agronomy College of Agriculture and BiotechnologyZhejiang UniversityHangzhou 310058ZhejiangChina Department of Biological Science Florida State UniversityTallahasseeFL 32306USA Coconut Research Institute of Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences Wenchang 571339HainanChina

Root system architecture is influenced by gravity.How the root senses gravity and directs its orientation,so-called gravitropism,is not only a fundamental question in plant biology but also theoretically important for genetic improvement of crop root architecture.However,the mechanism has not been elucidated in most crops.We characterized a rice agravitropism allele,wavy root 1(war1),a loss-of-function allele in OsPIN2,which encodes an auxin efflux transporter.With loss of OsPIN2 function,war1 leads to altered root system architecture including wavy root,larger root distribution angle,and shallower root system due to the loss of gravitropic perception in root tips.In the war1 mutant,polar auxin transport was disrupted in the root tip,leading to abnormal auxin levels and disturbed auxin transport and distribution in columella cells.Amyloplast sedimentation,an important process in gravitropic sensing,was also decreased in root tip columella cells.The results indicated that OsPIN2 controls gravitropism by finely regulating auxin transport,distribution and levels,and amyloplast sedimentation in root tips.We identified a novel role of OsPIN2 in regulating ABA biosynthesis and response pathways.Loss of OsPIN2 function in the war1 resulted in increased sensitivity to ABA in seed germination,increased ABA level,changes in ABA-associated genes in roots,and decreased drought tolerance in the seedlings.These results suggest that the auxin transporter OsPIN2 not only modulates auxin transport to control root gravitropism,but also functions in ABA signaling to affect seed germination and root development,probably by mediating crosstalk between auxin and ABA pathways.

关键词： Auxin transporter Root development Wavy root Gravitropism Abscisic acid(ABA) Drought tolerance

Particle Scale Numerical Simulation on Momentum and Heat Transfer of Two Tandem Spheroids:an IB-LBM Study

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Advances in Applied Mathematics and Mechanics 2018年第6期10卷 1497-1526页

作者： chunhai Ke shi Shu Hao Zhang Haizhuan Yuan Hunan Key Laboratory for Computation and Simulation in Science and Engineering Xiangtan UniversityXiangtan 411105HunanChina School of Metallurgy Northeastern UniversityShenyang 110819LiaoningChina

The cold fluid flowing over two hot spheroids placed in a tandem arrangement was numerically studied via a GPU-based immersed boundary-lattice Boltzmann method(IB-LBM)model.The drag coefficient and average Nusselt number of both the two spheroids were obtained with the main influencing factors investigated.To validate the IB-LBM model,several numerical case studies containing one and two spheres were firstly conducted to reach the good agreement with the previously reported data.Then,a number of simulations were further carried out which were designed by changing the particle aspect ratio(1.0≤Ar≤4.0)and inter particle distance(1.5≤ι≤7.0,whereι=L/D,D stands for the volume-equivalent sphere diameter)as well as the Reynolds number(10≤Re≤200).Their influence on the momentum and heat transfer characteristics between the solid and fluid phases was fully discussed.Numerical results show that,for all the considered Reynolds numbers and aspect ratios,the individual and total drag coefficients and average Nusselt number increase with the inter particle distance.The inter particle distance has greater influence on the drag coefficient and average Nusselt number of the trailing particle than the leading one.The drag coefficient and average Nusselt number of the trailing particle are far less than the leading one under the same working conditions.The prediction correlations for the drag coefficient and average Nusselt number of both the two spheroids were established with low deviations.At last,the influence of the relative incidence angles between the two tandem spheroids on the momentum and heat transfer was studied.It is shown that the relative incidence angles play significant roles due to the change of the frontal area of the leading spheroid with these angles.

关键词： Drag coefficient average Nusselt number IB-LBM spheroids inter particle distance relative incidence angle

ANALYSIS OF GENETIC CORRELATIONS FOR QUALITY TRAITS IN INDICA RICE

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生物数学学报 1995年第3期10卷 15-20页

作者： chunhai shi Jun Zhu(Agronomy Department,Zhejiang Agricultural University,Hangzhou 310029)

Analysis of genetic correlations was conducted for cooking and nutrient quality traits of milled rice in indica rice(Oryza sativa L.subsp.indicc)by using a genetic model for endosperm traits of cereal crops.It was indicated by the results that the relationships between gel consistency and protein content,protein content and the ratio of lysine content to protein content,and protein index and the ratio of lysine content to protein content were mainly controlled by additive effects,but also affected by some dominanceeffects.The genetic correlations between amylose content and lysine content,gel consistency and protein index,and between gel consistency and the ratio of lysine content to protein content showed that relationships for these traits were mainly controlled by some dominance effects.Indirect selection for those traits controlled mainly by additive correlations was better than those mainly controlled by dominance correlations.The results in this experiment could be used in rice breeding.

关键词： Genetic covariances Rice quality traits Indica rice

Enzyme-Triggered Fluorescence Turn-on： A Probe for Specifically Imaging Ovarian-Cancer-Related γ-Glutamyltranspeptidase

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Chinese Journal of Chemistry 2017年第11期35卷 1711-1716页

作者： Jie Tian Qinglong Yan Ying Zhu Jichao Zhang Jiao Li Ben shi Ge Xu chunhai Fan Chunchang Zhao Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials and Institute of Fine Chemicals School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering East China University of Science & Technology Shanghai 200237 China Division of Physical Biology & Bioimaging Center Shanghai Synchrotron Radiation Facility CAS Key Laborato- ry of lnterfacial Physics and Technology Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences Shanghai 201800 China

A fluorescent turn-on probe for specifically targeting γ-glutamyltranspeptidase （GGT） was designed and synthe- sized by integrating boron-dipyrromethene （BODIPY） as a chromophore and glutathione （GSH） as the GGT sub- strate. GGT-catalyzed the cleavage of the γ-glutamyl bond and generated the aromatic hydrocarbon transfer between the sulfur and the nitrogen atom in BODIPY, leading to distinct optical changes. Such specific responsiveness pro- vides an easily distinguishable fluorescence signal to visualize the GGT activity in living cells and differentiate GGT-positive cancer cells from GGT-negative cells.

关键词： fluorescence turn-on GGT the aromatic hydrocarbon transfer living cells specifically targeting

Recognizing single phospholipid vesicle collisions on carbon fiber nanoelectrode

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Science China Chemistry 2017年第11期60卷 1474-1480页

作者： Yueyue Zhang Min Li Zhenhua Li Qian Li Ali Aldalbahi Jiye shi Lihua Wang chunhai Fan Xiaolei Zuo Division of Physical Biology Shanghai Institute of Applied PhysicsChinese Academy of SciencesShanghai 201800China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China Chemistry Department King Saud UniversityRiyadh 11451Saudi Arabia

We recognize the stochastic collisions of dopamine contained phospholipid vesicle on carbon fiber nanoelectrode, extending the observation of discrete collision events on nanoelectrode to biologically relevant analytes. To decrease noise interference to the technique, the dimensions of nanoelectrode was systematically investigated and optimized. Scanning electron microscopy(SEM) further supported the comparable sizes of nanoelectrode and vesicles(~100 nm in diameter). Vesicles collision and rupture on the surface of nanoelectrode led to the dopamine release from vesicles, which could be electrochemically oxidized to dopamine-o-quinone and detected via voltammetry. The comparable size of the nanoelectrode with vesicles and fast voltammetry allowed differentiation of single collision events from the current magnitudes and peak widths in the electrochemical collision experiments, which shows the efficacy of the method to characterize vesicle samples. This work provides a foundation upon which quantitative sensor technology might be built for the detection of dopamine contained vesicles with high spatial and temporal resolution.

关键词：碰撞事件碳纳米纤维脂囊泡扫描电子显微镜电化学氧化单层高空间分辨率磷

Deciphering active biocompatibility of iron oxide nanoparticles from their intrinsic antagonism

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Nano Research 2018年第5期11卷 2746-2755页

作者： Lu Wang Zejun Wang Xiaoming Li Yi Zhang Min Yin Jiang Li Haiyun Song Jiye shi Daishun Ling Lihua Wang Nan Chen chunhai Fan Division of Physical Biology and Bioimaging Center Shanghai Synchrotron Radiation Focility CAS Key Laboratory of Interracial Physics and Technology Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences Shanghai 201800 China School of Life Scienceand Technology Shanghai Tech University Shanghai 201210 China Key Laboratory of Food Safety Research Institute for Nutritional Sciences Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences Chinese Academy of Sciences Shanghai 200031 China UCB Pharma 208 Bath Road Slough SL1 3WE UK College of Pharmaceutical Sciences Zhejiang University Hangzhou 310058 China

Magnetite nanoparticles （Fe3O4 NPs） are a well proven biocompatible nanomaterial, which hold great promise in various biomedical applications. Interestingly, unlike conventional biocompatible materials （e.g., polyethylene glycol （PEG）） that are chemically and biologically inert in nature, Fe3O4 NPs are known to be catalytically active and exhibit prominent physiological effects. Herein, we report an ＂active＂, dynamic equilibrium mechanism for maintaining the cellular amenity of Fe3O4 NPs. We examined the effects of two types of iron oxide （magnetite and hematite） NPs in rat pheochromocytoma （PC12） cells and found that both induced stress responses. However, only Fe2O3 NPs caused significant programmed cell death; whereas Fe3O4 NPs are amenable to cells. We found that intrinsic catalase-like activity of Fe3O4 NPs antagonized the accumulation of toxic reactive oxygen species （ROS） induced by themselves, and thereby modulated the extent of cellular oxidative stress, autophagic activity, and programmed cell death. In line with this observation, we effectively reversed severe autophagy and cell death caused by Fe2O3 NPs via co-treatment with natural catalase. This study not only deciphers the distinct intrinsic antagonism of Fe3O4 NPs, but opens new routes to designing biocompatible theranostic nanoparticles with novel mechanisms.

关键词： catalase-like activity,iron oxide nanoparticles,autophagy,cytotoxicity,reactive oxygen species

Quantum dots protect against MPP＋-induced neurotoxicity in a cell model of Parkinson＇s disease through autophagy induction

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Science China Chemistry 2016年第11期59卷 1486-1491页

作者： Lu Wang Xiaoming Li Yuping Han Ting Wang Yun Zhao Aldalbahi Ali Nahed Nasser El-Sayed Jiye shi Wenfeng Wang chunhai Fan Nan Chen Division of Physical Biology and Bioimaging Center Shanghai Synchrotron Radiation FacilityCAS Key Laboratory of Interfacial Physics and TechnologyShanghai Institute of Applied PhysicsChinese Academy of SciencesShanghai 201800China School of Life Science Sichuan UniversityChengdu 610064China Chemistry Department King Saud UniversityRiyadh 11451Saudi Arabia School of Life Science and Technology ShanghaiTech UniversityShanghai 201210China UCB Pharma SloughSL1 3WEUK

Autophagy is a basic cellular process that decomposes damaged organelles and aberrant proteins. Dysregulation of autophagy is implicated in pathogenesis of neurodegenerative disorders, including Parkinson's disease(PD). Pharmacological compounds that stimulate autophagy can provide neuroprotection in models of PD. Nanoparticles have emerged as regulators of autophagy and have been tested in adjuvant therapy for diseases. In this present study, we explore the effects of quantum dots(QDs) that can induce autophagy in a cellular model of Parkinson's disease. Cd Te/Cd S/Zn S QDs protect differentiated rat pheochromocytoma PC12 cells from MPP+-induced cell damage, including reduced viability, apoptosis and accumulation of α-Synuclein, a characteristic protein of PD. The protective function of QDs is autophagy-dependent. In addition, we investigate the interaction between quantum dots and autophagic pathways and identify beclin1 as an essential factor for QDs-induced autophagy. Our results reveal new promise of QDs in the theranostic of neurodegenerative diseases.

关键词： quantum dots autophagy Parkinson’s disease α-Synuclein Beclin1