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Modeling ocean wave propagation under sea ice covers

Acta Mechanica Sinica 2015年第1期31卷 1-15页

作者： Xin Zhao hayley h. shen Sukun Cheng Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering Clarkson University

Operational ocean wave models need to work globally, yet current ocean wave models can only treat ice covered regions crudely. The purpose of this paper is to provide a brief overview of ice effects on wave propagation and different research methodology used in studying these effects. Based on its proximity to land or sea, sea ice can be classified as： landfast ice zone, shear zone, and the marginal ice zone. All ice covers attenuate wave energy. Only long swells can penetrate deep into an ice cover. Being closest to open water, wave propagation in the marginal ice zone is the most complex to model. The physical appearance of sea ice in the marginal ice zone varies. Grease ice, pancake ice, brash ice, floe aggregates, and continuous ice sheet may be found in this zone at different times and locations. These types of ice are formed under different thermalmechanical forcing. There are three classic models that describe wave propagation through an idealized ice cover： mass loading, thin elastic plate, and viscous layer models. From physi cal arguments we may conjecture that mass loading model is suitable for disjoint aggregates of ice floes much smaller than the wavelength, thin elastic plate model is suitable for a con tinuous ice sheet, and the viscous layer model is suitable for grease ice. For different sea ice types we may need different wave ice interaction models. A recently proposed viscoelas tic model is able to synthesize all three classic models into one. Under suitable limiting conditions it converges to the three previous models. The complete theoretical framework for evaluating wave propagation through various ice covers need to be implemented in the operational ocean wave models. In this review, we introduce the sea ice types, previous wave ice interaction models, wave attenuation mechanisms,the methods to calculate wave reflection and transmission between different ice covers, and the effect of ice floe breaking on shaping the sea ice morphology. Labora

关键词： Ocean waves Sea ice Cryospheric change

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Characteristics of temporal-spatial parameters in quasi-solid-fluid phase transition of granular materials

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Chinese Science Bulletin 2006年第6期51卷 646-654页

作者： JI Shunying shen h.hayley State Key Laboratory of Structural Analysis for Industrial Equipment Dalian University of Technology Dalian 116023 China Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering Clarkson University Potsdam NY 13699-5710 USA

The quasi-solid-fluid phase transition of granular materials is closely related to the shear rate and solid concentration in addition to their intrinsic properties. The contact duration and the coordination number are two important temporal-spatial parame-ters to describe the granular interaction in phase transition. In this study, characteristics of the contact duration and the coordination number associated with the transition processes are determined using a 3D discrete element model under different shear rates and concentrations. The resulting macroscopic stress and strain-rate relations are discussed. The temporal and spatial parameters provide a linkage between the macroscopic constitutive law and inter- particle micromechanics.

关键词：颗粒材料粒状流动力学准固-液相变时空参数

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From waste to wealth:Coal tar residue derived carbon materials as low-cost anodes for potassium-ion batteries

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International Journal of Minerals,Metallurgy and Materials 2025年第2期32卷 464-475页

作者： Zhonghua Lu Jun shen Xin Zhang Lingcong Chao Liang Chen Ding Zhang Tao Wei Shoudong Xu College of Chemical Engineering and Technology Taiyuan University of TechnologyTaiyuan 030024China College of Chemistry Taiyuan University of TechnologyTaiyuan 030024China School of Chemical Engineering and Pharmacy Wuhan Institute of TechnologyWuhan 430205China School of Energy and Power Jiangsu University of Science and TechnologyZhenjiang 212003China

Carbon materials are widely recognized as highly promising electrode materials for various energy storage system *** tar residues(CTR),as a type of carbon-rich solid waste with high value-added utilization,are crucially important for the development of a more sustainable *** this study,we employed a straightforward direct carbonization method within the temperature range of 700-1000℃to convert the worthless solid waste CTR into economically valuable carbon materials as anodes for potassium-ion batteries(PIBs).The effect of carbonization temperature on the microstructure and the potassium ions storage properties of CTR-derived carbons(CTRCs)were systematically explored by structural and morphological characterization,alongside electrochemical performances *** on the co-regulation between the turbine layers,crystal structure,pore structure,functional groups,and electrical conductivity of CTR-derived carbon carbonized at 900℃(CTRC-900h),the electrode material with high reversible capacity of 265.6m Ah·g^(-1)at 50 m A·g^(-1),a desirable cycling stability with 93.8%capacity retention even after 100 cycles,and the remarkable rate performance for PIBs were ***,cyclic voltammetry(CV)at different scan rates and galvanostatic intermittent titration technique(GITT)have been employed to explore the potassium ions storage mechanism and electrochemical kinetics of *** indicate that the electrode behavior is predominantly governed by surface-induced capacitive processes,particularly under high current densities,with the potassium storage mechanism characterized by an“adsorption-weak intercalation”*** work highlights the potential of CTR-based carbon as a promising electrode material category suitable for high-performance PIBs electrodes,while also provides valuable insights into the new avenues for the high value-added utilization of CTR.

关键词： coal tar residue carbon materials anode potassium-ion batteries high value-added

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A viscoelastic-plastic constitutive model with Mohr-Coulomb yielding criterion for sea ice dynamics

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Acta Oceanologica Sinica 2005年第4期24卷 54-65页

作者： JI Shunying shen hung Tao WANG Zhilian shen h.hayley YUE Qianjin State Key Laboratory of Structural Analysis for Industrial Equipment Dalian University of Technology Dalian 116023 China Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering Clarkson University Potsdam New York 13699-5710 USA

A new viscoelastic-plastic （VEP） constitutive model for sea ice dynamics was developed based on continuum mechanics. This model consists of four components： Kelvin-Vogit viscoelastic model, Mohr-Coulomb yielding criterion, associated normality flow rule for plastic rehololgy, and hydrostatic pressure. The numerical simulations for ice motion in an idealized rectangular basin were made using smoothed particle hydrodynamics （SPh） method, and compared with the analytical solution as well as those based on the modified viscous plastic（VP） model and static ice jam theory. These simulations show that the new VEP model can simulate ice dynamics accurately. The new constitutive model was further applied to simulate ice dynamics of the Bohai Sea and compared with the traditional VP, and modified VP models. The results of the VEP model are compared better with the satellite remote images, and the simulated ice conditions in the JZ20-2 oil platform area were more reasonable.

关键词： sea ice dynamics constitutive model viscous plasticity viscoelastic-plastic model Molar-Coulomb criterion

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Scale dependence of direct shear tests

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Chinese Science Bulletin 2009年第23期54卷 4337-4348页

作者： ZhOU Qiang shen hayley h hELENBROOK Brian T ZhANG hongWu Department of Engineering Mechanics Dalian University of Technology Dalian 116024 China Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering Clarkson University Potsdam NY 13699-5710 USA Department of Mechanical and Aeronautical Engineering Clarkson University Potsdam NY 13699-5725 USA

Direct shear test has been widely used to measure the shear strength of soils and other particulate materials in industry because of its simplicity. however, the results can be dependent on the specimen size. The ASTM (American Society for Testing and Materials) publications suggest that for testing soils the shear box should be at least ten times the diameter of the largest particle and the height of the box should be no more than half of its diameter. These guidelines are empirically based. A series of two-dimensional numerical direct shear tests are performed to investigate this scaling effect. By analyzing the bulk friction, particle translation and rotation, percentage of sliding, average volume (area) and shear strain and the evolution of the shear band, we find that the traditional guidelines for direct shear tests are questionable. Scaling dependency of bulk friction on the property of granular materials is clearly present. Our current analysis points out that the scaling effects can vary significantly depending on the particle properties other than their sizes. Of all the parameters we observed, particle rotation appears to have a decisive correlation with the bulk friction. Formation of a shear band is universal. As the shearing progresses, particle rotation begins to concentrate near the shear plane. By defining the width of a shear band as the standard deviation of the distribution of translational gradient or the standard deviation of the distribution of particle rotation, quantitative evolutions of shear band are presented. Both measures of the shear band width dropped rapidly during pre-failure stage. After peak stress both measures begin to approach steady state as the bulk friction stabilizes to the residual stage. These observations suggest that structure formation inside the shear band controls the scaling effect.

关键词：直接剪切试验测试土力学土工试验

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Granular pressure–temperature relation during regime change in a simple shear state

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Theoretical & Applied Mechanics Letters 2013年第2期3卷 21-24页

作者： hayley shen Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering Clarkson University

In a recent study, a regime chart was established for sheared granular systems. For a soft particle system under simple shear, the internal stress showed a range of rate dependency. As the particle concentration increased, the system transitioned from a kinetic gas to a plastic solid. This transition was gradual for low stiffness systems but became more abrupt as the stiffness increased. In this study, the relationship between the granular temperature and pressure is investigated for the same system of particles. The granular temperature is defined as the average kinetic energy per unit volume and the pressure is defined as the trace of the stress tensor. It is found that this pressure-temperature （P-T） curve depicts a sharp turn when the system moves away from the kinetic gas regime. however, no signature is found in the P-T relationship in other regimes.

关键词： granular materials regime change pressure temperature

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颗粒介质在类固-液相变过程中的时空参数特性

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科学通报 2006年第3期51卷 255-262页

作者：季顺迎 hayley h shen 大连理工大学工业装备结构分析国家重点实验室 Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering Clarkson UniversityPotsdamNY13699-5710USA

颗粒介质的类固-液相变过程除受材料性质影响外,还与其运动速率和密集度有密切关系,而接触时间数和配位数是表征该相变过程中颗粒间相互作用的重要时间和空间参量.本文采用三维离散元方法对不同切变速率和密集度下颗粒介质的动力学行为... 详细信息

颗粒介质的类固-液相变过程除受材料性质影响外,还与其运动速率和密集度有密切关系,而接触时间数和配位数是表征该相变过程中颗粒间相互作用的重要时间和空间参量.本文采用三维离散元方法对不同切变速率和密集度下颗粒介质的动力学行为进行了数值模拟,确定了颗粒材料在类固-液相变过程中接触时间数和配位数的参数特性和演化过程,并结合宏观应力的分布特性,进一步确定了颗粒介质在液态和固态相互转化中的动力学机理,讨论了颗粒介质在由快速流动向慢速、准静态转化的相变过程.通过对颗粒单元相互作用的细观数值模拟,获取了颗粒介质在宏观上的动力学行为,为研究其在不同相态下的本构模型提供了依据.

关键词：颗粒流体动力学类固-液相变配位数接触时间数宏观应力

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Disease-associated oligodendrocyte signatures in neurodegenerative disease:the known and unknown

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Neural Regeneration Research 2023年第10期18卷 2192-2193页

作者： Kristen h.Schuster hayley S.McLoughlin Department of Neurology University of MichiganAnn ArborMIUSA

Oligodendrocytes are one of the most abundant cell types in the central nervous system(CNS)and act in close contact with neurons to assist with their cellular function and health(Kuhn et al.,2019).Oligodendrocytes play particular roles in rapid nerve impulse conduction through the wrapping of their myelinating projections a round a nerve axon,as well as by offering trophic and metabolic support for the high energy expenditure of ***。

关键词： cytes degenerative

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ThE FINITE ELEMENT METhOD FOR SEMILINEARPARABOLIC EQUATIONS WITh DISCONTINUOUSCOEFFICIENTS

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Journal of Computational Mathematics 1999年第2期17卷 191-198页

作者： Feng, h shen, LJ shenzhen Univ Normal Coll Shenzhen 518060 Peoples R China Inst Appl Phys & Computat Math Lab Computat Phys Beijing 100088 Peoples R China

In this paper we investigate the existence, uniqueness and regularity of the solution of semilinear parabolic equations with coefficients that are discontinuous across the interface, some prior estimates are obtained. A net shape of the finite elements around the singular points was designed in [7] to solve the linear elliptic problems, by means of that net, we prove that the approximate solution has the same convergence rate as that without singularity.

关键词： finite element semilinear parabolic equation discontinuous coefficients

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The cGAS-STING-interferon regulatory factor 7 pathway regulates neuroinflammation in Parkinson's disease

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第8期20卷 2361-2372页

作者： shengyang Zhou Ting Li Wei Zhang Jian Wu hui hong Wei Quan Xinyu Qiao Chun Cui Chenmeng Qiao Weijiang Zhao Yanqin shen Laboratory of Neurodegenerative and Neuroinjury Diseases Wuxi Medicine SchoolJiangnan UniversityWuxiJiangsu ProvinceChina

Interferon regulatory factor 7 plays a crucial role in the innate immune ***,whether interferon regulatory factor 7-mediated signaling contributes to Parkinson's disease remains *** we report that interferon regulatory factor 7 is markedly up-regulated in a 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine-induced mouse model of Parkinson's disease and co-localizes with microglial *** the selective cyclic guanosine monophosphate adenosine monophosphate synthase inhibitor RU.521 and the stimulator of interferon genes inhibitor h151 effectively suppressed interferon regulatory factor 7 activation in BV2 microglia exposed to 1-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium and inhibited transformation of mouse BV2 microglia into the neurotoxic M1 *** addition,si RNA-mediated knockdown of interferon regulatory factor 7 expression in BV2 microglia reduced the expression of inducible nitric oxide synthase,tumor necrosis factorα,CD16,CD32,and CD86 and increased the expression of the anti-inflammatory markers ARG1 and *** together,our findings indicate that the cyclic guanosine monophosphate adenosine monophosphate synthase-stimulator of interferon genes-interferon regulatory factor 7 pathway plays a crucial role in the pathogenesis of Parkinson's disease.

关键词： cyclic guanosine monophosphate adenosine monophosphate synthase h151 interferon regulatory factor 7 M1 phenotype neurodegenerative disease neuroinflammation Parkinson’s disease RU521 STING type I interferon

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