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Effect of diets on the feeding behavior and physiological properties of suspension-feeding sea cucumber Cucumaria frondosa

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Journal of Oceanology and Limnology 2020年第3期38卷 883-893页

作者： YU Zonghe ROBINSON shawn MACDONALD Bruce LANDER Terralynn SMITH Craig College of Marine Sciences South China Agricultural UniversityGuangzhou 510642China Fisheries and Oceans Canada St.Andrews Biological StationSt.AndrewsNB E5B 2L9Canada Biology Department and Centre for Coastal Studies and Aquaculture University of New BrunswickSaint JohnNB E2L 4L5Canada

The suspension-feeding sea cucumber Cucumaria frondosa has become commercially important in recent *** proper diets is the first important step for intensive aquaculture of this sea *** this study,adult *** were exposed to one of the following diet treatments:control(no diet provided),two powdered seaweeds(Ascophyllum nodosum and Saccharina latissima),a commercially available microalgal diet(shellfish diet)and natural *** effects of diets on the feeding behavior and physiological properties of sea cucumbers were investigated after a 5-week rearing *** show that sea cucumbers fed with shellfish diet exhibited a significantly higher tentacle insertion rate(1.80±0.20 insertion/min)than these fed with seaweed powders,and there was no significant different between the two groups fed by seaweed *** significant difference was found on the fecal production rate among the feeding *** minimum oxygen consumption rate was observed in the control group(5.76±0.99μg O2/(g·h)),which is significantly lower than individuals fed with ***,shellfish diet,and natural seston;however,no significant difference was shown between those of control and *** *** maximum ammonium excretion rate was found in the *** group(0.03±0.01μmol/(g·h)),which is significantly higher than other *** minimum O/N ratio was observed in the *** group(14.57±1.04),which is significantly lower than the ***,shellfish diet,and natural seston *** fed with seaweed powders had similar physiological properties with these fed with microalgae diet and natural seston,indicating that *** and *** can be explored as promising diets for intensive aquaculture of ***.

关键词： sea cucumber Cucumaria frondosa physiological property feeding behavior nutritional condition

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Three-dimensional distinct element modeling of fault reactivation and induced seismicity due to hydraulic fracturing injection and backflow

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Journal of Rock Mechanics and Geotechnical Engineering 2020年第4期12卷 752-767页

作者： Zirui Yin Hongwei Huang Fengshou Zhang Lianyang Zhang shawn Maxwell Key Laboratory of Geotechnical and Underground Engineering of Ministry of Education Tongji UniversityShanghai200092China Department of Geotechnical Engineering College of Civil EngineeringTongji UniversityShanghai200092China Department of Civil and Architectural Engineering and Mechanics University of ArizonaTucsonAZ85721USA MaxSeis LLC. CalgaryAlbertaT2P 3N9Canada

This paper presents a three-dimensional fully hydro-mechanical coupled distinct element study on fault reactivation and induced seismicity due to hydraulic fracturing injection and subsequent backflow process,based on the geological data in Horn River Basin,Northeast British Columbia,*** modeling results indicate that the maximum magnitude of seismic events appears at the fracturing *** increment of fluid volume in the fault determines the cumulative moment and maximum fault slippage,both of which are essentially proportional to the fluid *** backflow starts,the fluid near the joint intersection keeps flowing into the critically stressed fault,rather than backflows to the *** fault slippage is affected by the changes of both pore pressure and ambient rock stress,their contributions are different at fracturing and backflow *** fracturing stage,pore pressure change shows a dominant effect on induced fault *** at backflow stage,because the fault plane is under a critical stress state,any minor disturbance would trigger a fault *** energy analysis indicates that aseismic deformation takes up a majority of the total deformation energy during hydraulic fracturing.A common regularity is found in both fracturing-and backflow-induced seismicity that the cumulative moment and maximum fault slippage are nearly proportional to the injected fluid *** study shows some novel insights into interpreting fracturing-and backflowinduced seismicity,and provides useful information for controlling and mitigating seismic hazards due to hydraulic fracturing.

关键词： Induced seismicity Fault reactivation Hydraulic fracturing Backflow Geomechanical modeling Distinct element method

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Alternative polyadenylation:An untapped source for prostate cancer biomarkers and therapeutic targets?

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Asian Journal of Urology 2021年第4期8卷 407-415页

作者： Akira Kurozumi shawn E.Lupold The James Buchanan Brady Urologic Institute and Department of Urology Johns Hopkins School of MedicineBaltimoreMDUSA The Department of Oncology Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer CenterSchool of MedicineJohns Hopkins UniversityBaltimoreMDUSA

Objective:To review alternative polyadenylation(APA)as a mechanism of gene regulation and consider potential roles for APA in prostate cancer(PCa)biology and ***:An extensive review of mRNA polyadenylation,APA,and PCa literature was *** review article introduces APA and its association with human disease,outlines the mechanisms and components of APA,reviews APA in cancer biology,and considers whether APA may contribute to PCa progression and/or produce novel biomarkers and therapeutic targets for ***:Eukaryotic mRNA 30-end cleavage and polyadenylation play a critical role in gene *** human genes encode more than one polyadenylation signal,and produce more than one transcript isoform,through *** can occur throughout the gene body to generate transcripts with differing 30-termini and coding *** in 30-untranslated regions length can modify post-transcriptional gene regulation by microRNAs and RNA binding proteins,and alter mRNA stability,translation efficiency,and subcellular *** APA patterns are associated with human diseases,tissue origins,and changes in cellular proliferation rate and differentiation *** events may therefore generate unique mRNA biomarkers or therapeutic targets in certain cancer types or phenotypic ***:The full extent of cancer-associated and tissue-specific APA events have yet to be defined,and the mechanisms and functional consequences of APA in cancer remain incompletely *** is evidence that APA is active in PCa,and that it may be an untapped resource for PCa biomarkers or therapeutic targets.

关键词： Prostate cancer Polyadenylation Alternative polyadenylation 30-untranslated region microRNA Intronic polyadenylation

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Accelerated Gradient Descent Methods for the Uniaxially Constrained Landau-de Gennes Model

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Advances in Applied Mathematics and Mechanics 2022年第1期14卷 1-32页

作者： Edison E.Chukwuemeka shawn W.Walker Department of Mechanical Engineering Louisiana State UniversityBaton RougeLA 70803USA Department of Mathematics and Center for Computation and Technology(CCT) Louisiana State UniversityBaton RougeLA 70803USA

This paper illustrates the efficacy of using accelerated gradient descent schemes for minimizing a uniaxially constrained Landau-de Gennes model for nematic liquid ***(alternating direction)minimization schemes are applied to a structure preserving finite element discretization of the uniaxial model:a standard gradient descent method,the“heavy-ball”method,and Nesterov’s *** performance of the schemes is measured in terms of the number of iterations required to obtain the equilibrium state,as well as the total computational time(wall time).The numerical experiments clearly show that the accelerated gradient descent schemes reduce the number of iterations and computational time significantly,despite the hard uniaxial constraint that is not“smooth”when defects are ***,our results show that accelerated schemes are not hindered when combined with an alternating direction minimization algorithm and are easy to implement.

关键词： Liquid crystals Landau-de Gennes uniaxial heavy-ball method Nesterov’s method

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A Finite Element Method for a Phase Field Model of Nematic Liquid Crystal Droplets

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Communications in Computational Physics 2019年第1期25卷 155-188页

作者： Amanda E.Diegel shawn W.Walker Department of Mathematics Louisiana State UniversityBaton RougeLA 70803-4918USA

We develop a novel finite element method for a phase field model of nematic liquid crystal *** continuous model considers a free energy comprised of three components:the Ericksen’s energy for liquid crystals,the Cahn-Hilliard energy representing the interfacial energy of the droplet,and an anisotropic weak anchoring energy that enforces a condition such that the director field is aligned perpendicular to the interface of the *** of the model are for finding minimizers of the free energy and exploring gradient flow *** present a finite element method that utilizes a special discretization of the liquid crystal elastic energy,as well as mass-lumping to discretize the coupling terms for the anisotropic surface tension ***,we present a discrete gradient flow method and show that it is monotone energy ***,we show that global discrete energy minimizersΓ-converge to global minimizers of the continuous *** conclude with numerical experiments illustrating different gradient flow dynamics,including droplet coales-cence and break-up.

关键词： Nematic liquid crystal phase field Ericksen’s energy Γ-convergence gradient flow

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Endo-β-1,4-glucanases impact plant cell wall development by influencing cellulose crystallization

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Journal of Integrative Plant Biology 2015年第4期57卷 396-410页

作者： Magdalena Glass Sarah Barkwill Faride Unda shawn D.Mansfield Department of Wood Science University of British Columbia

Cell walls are vital to the normal growth and development of plants as they protect the protoplast and provide rigidity to the stem. Here, two poplar and Arabidopsis orthologous endoglucanases, which have been proposed to play a role in secondary cell wall development, were examined. The class B endoglucanases, Pt GH9B5 and At GH9B5, are secreted enzymes that have a predicted glycosylphosphatidylinositol anchor, while the class C endoglucanases, Pt GH9C2 and At GH9C2, are also predicted to be secreted but instead contain a carbohydrate-binding *** poplar endoglucanases were expressed in Arabidopsis using both a 35 S promoter and the Arabidopsis secondary cell wall-specific Ces A8 promoter. Additionally, Arabidopsis t-DNA insertion lines and an RNAiconstruct was created to downregulate At GH9C2 in Arabidopsis. All of the plant lines were examined for changes in cell morphology and patterning, growth and development, cell wall crystallinity, micro fibril angle, and proportion of cell wall carbohydrates. Misregulation of Pt GH9B5/At GH9B5 resulted in changes in xylose content, while misregulation of Pt GH9C2/At GH9C2 resulted in changes in crystallinity, which was inversely correlated with changes in plant height and rosette diameter. Together, these results suggest that these endoglucanases affect secondary cell wall development by contributing to the cell wall crystallization process.

关键词： Cellulose cell walls crystallinity endoglucanase expansion glucose xylose

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A 3D-printed modular magnetic digital microfluidic architecture for on-demand bioanalysis

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Microsystems & Nanoengineering 2020年第1期6卷 785-795页

作者： Pojchanun Kanitthamniyom Aiwu Zhou Shilun Feng Aiqun Liu shawn Vasoo Yi Zhang Singapore Centre for 3D Printing School of Mechanical and Aerospace EngineeringNanyang Technological UniversitySingaporeSingapore School of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering Nanyang Technological UniversitySingaporeSingapore School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering Nanyang Technological UniversitySingaporeSingapore National Center for Infectious Disease Tan Tock Seng HospitalSingaporeSingapore

Magnetic digital microfluidics(MDM)manipulates fluids in the form of droplets on an open substrate,and incorporates surface energy traps(SETs)to facilitate the droplet *** MDM devices are fabricated monolithically,which makes it difficult to modify the device configuration without completely overhauling the original *** this paper,we present a modular MDM architecture that enables rapid on-demand configuration and re-configuration of MDM platforms for customized *** modular component contains a SET and a Lego-like antistud that fits onto a base board with Lego-like *** illustrate the versatility of the modular MDM architecture in biomarker sensing,pathogen identification,antibiotic resistance determination,and biochemical quantification by demonstrating immunoassays,phenotypical assays and enzymatic assays on various modular MDM platforms configured on demand to accomplish the fluidic operations required by assorted bioanalytical *** modular MDM architecture promises great potential for point-of-care diagnostics by offering on-demand customization of testing platforms for various categories of diagnostic *** also provides a new avenue for microfluidic assay development with its high configurability which would significantly reduce the time and cost of the development cycle.

关键词： configuration operations enable

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Acoustic Scene Classification via Classifiers Voting

Acoustic Scene Classification via Classifiers Voting

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作者： shawn Sudheer Sagar 华南理工大学

学位级别：硕士

Acoustic Scene Classification（ASC）is the recognition and categorization of audio data that identifies the environment which it has been *** is quite a challenging application of machine listening due to the noisy nature of the audio *** analyze several state-of-the-art models for ASC on two different *** datasets belong to the IEEE challenge on the Detection and Classification of Acoustic Scenes and Events（DCASE）2017 and *** two datasets are publicly available for research purpose,and consist of 10 and 15 classes of acoustic scenes *** total,57 hours of stereo recordings are available which includes common indoor and outdoor environmental scenes,such as beach,city center,library,forest path train,car,*** propose a method of ASC via fusing the voting of deep neural *** the proposed method,two different acoustic features are first extracted from each audio recording *** cepstral coefficients（MFCC）and Logarithmic filter-bank（LFB）.These features are then fed into three different classifiers（deep neural networks）: Visual Geometry Group（VGG）,Residual Network（Res Net）and Long Short-Term Memory（LSTM）.The motivation for choosing these variety of neural networks is that they have complementary advantages for *** training each network and acquiring the results,fusion of classifiers voting is used to determine a final *** fusion of all the results through voting technique is one of the methods under ensemble *** final Classification Accuracies（CA）that are obtained after the fusion of the classifiers are 73.27% and 76.99% on DCASE 2017 and 2019 datasets *** proposed fusion of classifiers voting obtains the CA improvements by 12.71% and 13.79% on DCASE 2017 and 2019 datasets respectively,compared to the individual baseline classifiers.

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Using Folding Ensemble and Stem Probability Maximization Methods to Predict RNA H-Type Pseudoknots

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Tsinghua Science and Technology 2012年第6期17卷 691-700页

作者： Junilda Spirollari shawn Xiong Wang Jason T.L. Wang Bioinformatics Program Department of Computer Science New Jersey Institute of Technology University Heights Department of Computer Science California State University

We present in this paper an ab initio method, named KnotFold, for RNA H-type pseudoknot prediction. Our method employs an ensemble of RNA folding tools and a filtering heuristic to generate a set of pseudoknot-free stems, and then predicts pseudoknots by utilizing a search technique with a pseudo-probability scoring scheme. Experimental results show that KnotFold achieves higher sensitivity than existing methods. The KnotFold package with documentation is freely available at http：//***/KnotFold.

关键词： RNA structure pseudoknots tool ensemble

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Lithium-ion battery data and where to find it

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能源与人工智能(英文) 2021年第3期5卷 255-269页

作者： Gonçalo dos Reis Calum Strange Mohit Yadav shawn Li School of Mathematics University of EdinburghThe King’s BuildingsEdinburgh EH93FDUK Centro de Matemática e Aplicações(CMA) FCTUNLQuinta da Torre2829-516 CaparicaPortugal Indian Institute of Technology KanpurIndia

Lithium-ion batteries are fuelling the advancing renewable-energy based *** the core of transformational developments in battery design,modelling and management is *** this work,the datasets associated with lithium batteries in the public domain are *** review the data by mode of experimental testing,giving particular attention to test variables and data *** highlighted tools and platforms,over 30 datasets are reviewed.

关键词： Lithium battery Public data Battery data Battery tests Machine learning

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