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Predicting the Thermal Behavior in Functional Textile Fibers Having Embedded Electronics

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Advanced Fiber Materials 2022年第6期4卷 1609-1619页

作者： shaun Berry Shawn Redmond Tairan Wang Mordechai Rothschild MIT Lincoln Laboratory 244 Wood StreetLexingtonMA 02421USA

In this paper,both steady-state and transient thermal simulations were performed on functional fibers having an embedded electronic chip acting as a heat *** were conducted for a range of different fiber materials and arbitrary fiber cross-sectional *** show that under steady-state heating conditions,the thermal response for any arbitrary fiber shape and fiber material system was convection dominated regardless of the effective thermal conductivity of the fiber,and that the corresponding temperature rise within the fiber can be predicted analytically allowing for the maximum temperature to be estimated for any known heat load and fiber *** the case of transient heating,we show that for pulsed power operation of the embedded electronic device,the maximum temperature reached in the fiber is always greater than the maximum temperature of the equivalent steady-state average ***,high peak powers can be safely achieved if the power-on pulse time and duty cycle are selected to limit the maximum temperature reached in the *** on the results from the transient simulations,a set of criteria was developed to determine whether the operating conditions would be:(1)allowable for the fiber system,thus requiring no transient simulations,(2)requiring a transient simulation to verify that the maximum temperature is acceptable,and(3)the operating conditions are too severe and device operation at these conditions are not practical.

关键词： Functional fibers Smart fibers Thermal modeling Fabrics MOEMS

Sharks senses and shark repellents

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Integrative Zoology 2015年第1期10卷 38-64页

作者： Nathan S.HART shaun P.COLLIN School of Animal Biology and the Oceans Institute The University of Western AustraliaCrawleyPerthAustralia

Despite over 70 years of research on shark repellents,few practical and reliable solutions to prevent shark attacks on humans or reduce shark bycatch and depredation in commercial fisheries have been *** large part,this deficiency stems from a lack of fundamental knowledge of the sensory cues that drive predatory behavior in ***,the widespread use of shark repellents is also hampered by the physical constraints and technical or logistical difficulties of deploying substances or devices in an open-water marine environment to prevent an unpredictable interaction with a complex ***,we summarize the key attributes of the various sensory systems of sharks and highlight residual knowledge gaps that are relevant to the development of effective shark *** also review the most recent advances in shark repellent technology within the broader historical context of research on shark repellents and shark sensory *** conclude with suggestions for future research that may enhance the efficacy of shark repellent devices,in particular,the continued need for basic research on shark sensory biology and the use of a multi-sensory approach when developing or deploying shark repellent technology.

关键词： sensory biology sharks shark depredation shark repellents

An Unmitigated Disaster: Shifting from Response and Recovery to Mitigation for an Insurable Future

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International Journal of Disaster Risk Science 2019年第2期10卷 179-192页

作者： Eliza de Vet Christine Eriksen Kate Booth shaun French Australian Centre for Culture EnvironmentSociety andSpace(ACCESS)School of Geography and SustainableCommunitiesFaculty of Social SciencesUniversity ofWollongongWollongong NSW2522Australia Geography and Spatial Science University of TasmaniaHobart TAS7001Australia School of Geography Faculty of Social SciencesUniversityof NottinghamNottingham NG72RDEngland

Australian households are increasingly vulnerable to natural hazard-related disasters. To manage disaster risk, government commissioned inquiries have called for greater investment in mitigation. This article critically examines the call for a shift in funding priority towards pre-disaster mitigation measures, in the context of growing concerns around the ability of households to access and afford insurance. It examines mitigation measures in the context of three prominent Australian disasters: the Black Saturday bushfires(Victoria, 2009), the Queensland floods(2010–2011), and Cyclone Yasi(Queensland, 2011). We argue that as a mode of disaster security, mitigation operates as a complex assemblage of logics and practices of protection, preparedness, and resilience, which problematizes simplistic protection/resilience binaries. On the one hand, mitigation serves as a mode of protection, which underscores the dominant maladaptive rationality of insurance. It promises a collective solution to uninsurability that is limited by government fiscal constraints and growing employment of risk-reflective insurance *** the other hand, there is evidence of an emergent rationality of household insurance as a path to resilience and preparedness—for example, in the development of insurance systems that price household retrofitting technologies and in the development of policyholder education campaigns. This resilience rationality holds the promise of securing individuals previously excluded from ***, for householders lacking the necessary physical,cognitive, and financial capacities to make themselves and their properties resilient, the transition to a pre-disaster mitigation mode of security will likely do little to alleviate disadvantage and marginalization.

关键词： Australia Disaster mitigation Household insurance Household marginalization Household resilience Natural hazards

Lattice strain suppresses point defect formation in halide perovskites

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Nano Research 2022年第6期15卷 5746-5751页

作者： Caner Deger shaun Tan K.N.Houk Yang Yang Ilhan Yavuz Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry University of CaliforniaLos AngelesCalifornia 90095USA Department of Physics Marmara UniversityZiverbeyIstanbul 34722Turkey Department of Materials Science and Engineering and California NanoSystems Institute University of California Los AngelesLos AngelesCalifornia 90095USA

We computationally investigate the impact of crystal strain on the formation of native point defects likely to be formed in halide perovskites;A-site cation antisite(I_(A)),Pb antisite(I_(Pb)),A-site cation vacany(V_(A)),I vacancy(V_(I)),Pb vacancy(V_(Pb)),and I interstitial(I_(i)).We systematically identify compressive and tensile strain to CsPbI_(3),FAPbI_(3),and MAPbI_(3)perovskite *** observe that while each type of defect has a unique behaviour,overall,the defect formation in FAPbI3 is much more sensitive to the *** compressive strain can enhance the formation energy of neutral I_(Pb)and I_(i)up to 15%for FAPbI_(3),depending on the growth *** show that the strain not only controls the formation of defects but also their transition levels in the band gap:A deep level can be transformed into a shallow level by the *** anticipate that tailoring the lattice strain can be used as a defect passivation mechanism for future studies.

关键词： perovskite solar cells halide perovskites defect formation lattice strain

Analysis of temperature distribution in PV-integrated electrochemical flow cells

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Materials Futures 2023年第4期2卷 137-144页

作者： Dorian Santander shaun Whitley Jungmyung Kim Dowon Bae Institute of Mechanical Process and Energy Engineering(IMPEE)School of Engineering and Physical SciencesHeriot-Watt UniversityEdinburgh EH144ASUnited Kingdom Ecole nationale supérieure d’électricitéet de mécanique de Nancy Vandoeuvre-lès-NancyFrance AECOM EdinburghEH35DAUnitedKingdom

Photovoltaic(PV)-integrated flow cells for electrochemical energy conversion and storage underwent a huge *** advantages of this type of integrated flow cell system include the simultaneous storage of solar energy into chemicals that can be readily utilized for generating ***,most studies overlook the practical challenges arising from the inherent heat exposure and consequent overheating of the reactor under the *** work aims to predict the temperature profiles across PV-integrated electrochemical flow cells under light exposure conditions by introducing a computational fluid dynamics–based ***,we discuss the effects of the flow channel block architecture on the temperature profile to provide insights and guidelines for the effective remedy of overheating.

关键词： solar redox flow battery CFD redox flow cell energy conversion temperature profile

Predicting the invasion of a southern African savannah by the black wattle (Acacia mearnsii)

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Journal of Forestry Research 2020年第5期31卷 1995-2003页

作者： Muhoyi Hardlife Ndaimani Henry Tagwireyi Paradzayi Kudzai shaun Mpakairi Gopito Eliah Department of Geography and Environmental Science University of ZimbabweP.O.Box MP 167Mount PleasantHarareZimbabwe Mushandike College of Wildlife Management Private Bag 9036MasvingoZimbabwe

Understanding the drivers of biological invasions in landscapes is a major goal in invasion *** control of biological invasions has increasingly become critical in the past few decades because invasive species are thought to be a major threat to *** this study,by examining the key variables that influence Acacia mearnsii,we sought to understand its potential invasion in eastern *** used the maximum entropy(MaxEnt)method against a set of environmental variables to predict the potential invasion front of *** study showed that the predictor variables,i.e.,aspect,elevation,distance from streams,soil type and distance from the nearest *** plantation adequately explained(training AUC=0.96 and test AUC=0.93)variability in the spatial distribution of invading *** front of invasion by *** seemed also to occur next to existing *** *** from our study could be useful in identifying priority areas that could be targeted for controlling the spread of *** in Zimbabwe and other areas under threat from *** *** recommend that the plantation owners pay for the control of *** invasion about their plantations.

关键词： Area under curve(AUC) MaxEnt Receiver operating characteristic(ROC)curve Spatial distribution

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新少年 2024年第10期 28-29页

作者： [澳]陈志勇纪鼎(缩写) 吴新明(图) 不详

在一个寻常的早晨,小女孩儿从睡梦中醒来。平时,当太阳升起的时候,她都会问自己这一天将有什么值得期待的事情发生。可今天映入眼帘的却是一番不同的景象——她发现窗外的世界笼罩在灰色的雾霾中,室内更有一片片黑色的树叶正从卧室的天... 详细信息

在一个寻常的早晨,小女孩儿从睡梦中醒来。平时,当太阳升起的时候,她都会问自己这一天将有什么值得期待的事情发生。可今天映入眼帘的却是一番不同的景象——她发现窗外的世界笼罩在灰色的雾霾中,室内更有一片片黑色的树叶正从卧室的天花板上缓缓飘落……“不!绝不会是这样!”她弱弱地对自己说。

关键词：天花板雾霾灰色

The IUGS/IAGC Task Group on Global Geochemical Baselines

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地学前缘 2012年第3期19卷 1-6页

作者： David B.Smith shaun Reeder Alecos Demetriades U.S.Geological Survey DenverCO 80225 USA Institute of Geopkysical and Geochemical Exploration Langfang Hebei 065000 China British Geological Survey KeyworthNottinghamUK Institute of Geology and Mineral Exploration Athens Greece

The Task Group on Global Geochemical Baselines,operating under the auspices of both the International Union of Geological Sciences(IUGS) and the International Association of Geochemistry(IAGC),has the long-term goal of establishing a global geochemical database to document the concentration and distribution of chemical elements in the Earth's surface or near-surface *** database and accompanying element distribution maps represent a geochemical baseline against which future human-induced or natural changes to the chemistry of the land surface may be recognized and *** order to accomplish this long-term goal,the activities of the Task Group include:(1) developing partnerships with countries conducting broad-scale geochemical mapping studies;(2) providing consultation and training in the form of workshops and short courses;(3) organizing periodic international symposia to foster communication among the geochemical mapping community;(4) developing criteria for certifying those projects whose data are acceptable in a global geochemical database;(5) acting as a repository for data collected by those projects meeting the criteria for standardization;(6) preparing complete metadata for the certified projects;and(7) preparing,ultimately,a global geochemical *** paper summarizes the history and accomplishments of the Task Group since its first predecessor project was established in 1988.

关键词：国际地质科学联合会伴生元素化学元素地表环境

Peptide asparaginyl ligases——renegade peptide bond makers

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Science China Chemistry 2020年第3期63卷 296-307页

作者： James P.Tam Ning-Yu Chan Heng Tai Liew shaun J.Tan Yu Chen School of Biological Sciences Nanyang Technological UniversitySingapore 637551Singapore Synzymes and Natural Products Center Nanyang Technological UniversitySingapore 637551Singapore NTU Institute of Structural Biology Nanyang Technological UniversitySingapore 636921Singapore

Making peptide bonds is tightly controlled by genetic code and machinery which includes cofactors,ATP,and *** this regard,the stand-alone and genetic-code-independent peptide ligases constitute a new family of renegade peptide-bond makers.A prime example is butelase-1,an Asn/Asp(Asx)-specific ligase that structurally belongs to the asparaginyl endopeptidase ***-1 specifically recognizes a C-terminal Asx-containing tripeptide motif,Asn/Asp-Xaa-Yaa(Xaa and Yaa are any amino acids),to form a site-specific Asn-Xaa peptide bond either intramolecularly as cyclic proteins or intermolecularly as modified *** work in the past five years has validated that butelase-1 is a potent and versatile *** we review the advances in ligases,with a focus on butelase-1,and their applications in engineering bioactive peptides and precision protein modifications,antibody-drug conjugates,and live-cell labeling.

关键词： asparaginyl endopeptidase Asn-specific ligation bioorthogonal ligation butelase chemoenzymatic ligation live-cell labeling protein engineering protein modification site-specific labeling tandem ligation