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Impact of Temporal Population Distribution on Earthquake Loss Estimation:A Case Study on Sylhet,Bangladesh

International Journal of Disaster Risk Science 2014年第4期5卷 296-312页

作者： sharmin ara Department of Urban and Regional Planning Chittagong University of Engineering and TechnologyChittagong 4349Bangladesh

To estimate human loss in an earthquake-prone area, it is necessary to analyze the role played by the spatiotemporal distribution of the area’s resident population. In order to evaluate earthquake impact, this article focuses on the spatiotemporal distribution of population and five scenario earthquakes that form the basis for loss estimation in the city of Sylhet, Bangladesh. Four temporal contexts(weekday, weekly holiday, the 30 days of Ramadan, and strike days) expand the more typical daytime and nighttime settings in which to examine hazard risk. The population distribution for every 2 hour interval in a day is developed for each type of day. A relationship between the occupancy classes and average space(persons per 100 m^2)is used to distribute people in each building regardless of building locations. A total daytime and nighttime population is obtained for each building and the estimated nighttime population is used to model the population for four temporal scenarios in a year based on different factors and weights. The resulting data are employed to estimate population loss for each of the temporal and earthquake scenarios. This study used building-specific human vulnerability curves developed by the Central American Probabilistic Risk Assessment(CAPRA) to obtain possible loss of life estimates. The results reveal that there is a high positive correlation between the spatiotemporal distribution of population and the potential number of casualties.

关键词： Bangladesh CAPRA Distribution modeling Earthquake loss estimation Spatiotemporal population distribution Temporal scenarios

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Outcomes of Layered versus Mass Closure in Transverse Incision during Emergency Laparotomy in Children

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Journal of Biosciences and Medicines 2020年第8期8卷 180-193页

作者： Khandoker Moynul Hasan Shahnoor Islam Md. Ashraf Ul Huq Muhammed Moinul Huque Shah Md. Rezaul Karim Mohammad Shafiul Azam Md. Iqbal Hossain Talukder sharmin ara Begum Mohammad Kamrul Ahsan A. K. M. Shahidur Rahman Department of Pediatric Surgery Dhaka Medical College Hospital (DMCH) Dhaka Bangladesh Department of Pediatric Urology Dhaka Medical College Hospital (DMCH) Dhaka Bangladesh Department of Surgery Sheikh Hasina Medical College Hospital Habiganj Bangladesh Department of Urology National Institute of Kidney Diseases and Urology (NIKDU) Dhaka Bangladesh Department of Surgery Sheikh Hasina Medical College Hospital Tangail Bangladesh Department of Anesthesiology National Institute of Traumatology and Orthopedic Rehabilitation (NITOR) Dhaka Bangladesh Holy Family Red Crescent Medical College Hospital (HFRCMCH) Dhaka Bangladesh Department of Nephrology Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University (BSMMU) Dhaka Bangladesh

Background: The value of laparotomy closure technique may be measured by the incidence of early and late wound complications. The best laparotomy closure technique should be less time consuming, easy and cost-effective, while preventing both early and late complications. Objective: To compare the outcomes of layered versus mass closure in transverse incision during emergency laparotomy in children. Methods: This prospective comparative study was conducted at Department of Pediatric Surgery, Dhaka Medical College Hospital (DMCH), Dhaka, Bangladesh from July 2016 to June 2018. A total of 60 pediatric age cases that underwent laparotomy were included in this study. Cases were randomly allocated into two groups;30 patients were in Group A (Layered closure) and 30 patients were in Group B (Mass closure). The outcome variables were time required for wound closure, wound infection, wound dehiscence and incisional hernia. Data were analyzed and compared by statistical tests. Results: The mean age of Group A and Group B patients were 31.08 ± 30.25 months and 34.70 ± 42.73 months respectively (p = 0.706). The ratio between male and female subject was 1.1:1 in Group A and 3.3:1 in Group B. The common diseases of the study patients who underwent laparotomy were intussusceptions, intestinal obstruction due to bands and adhesion, perforated appendix and perforation of small intestine due to blunt trauma respectively. Mean wound closure time was significantly less in mass closure group [28.20 ± 2.17 minutes in layered closure group and 18.80 ± 1.67 minutes in mass closure group, (p ≤ 0.001)]. Wound infection rate, incidence of superficial wound dehiscence, and incisional hernia were relatively less in mass closure group, however, the differences were not statistically significant (p = 0.053, p = 0.095 and p = 0.301 respectively). There was no complete wound dehiscence in Group A, but that was in 1 (3.3%) patient i

关键词： Laparotomy Layered Closure Mass Closure

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Effects of Combined Spinal Epidural Anaesthesia and Spinal Anaesthesia on Peri-Operative Pulmonary Status in Geriatric Patients in Lower Extremity Surgery

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Journal of Biosciences and Medicines 2020年第10期8卷 132-147页

作者： sharmin ara Begum A. K. M. Akhtaruzzaman Dilip Kumar Bhowmick Debabrata Banik Md. Afzalur Rahman A. K. M. Shahidur Rahman Md. Saydur Rahman Khandoker Moynul Hasan Mohammad Kamrul Ahsan Md. Imrul Islam Muhammad Shamsul Arefin Tahmidul Islam Department of Anaesthesiology National Institute of Traumatology and Orthopedic Rehabilitation (NITOR) Dhaka Bangladesh Department of Anaesthesia Analgesia and Intensive Care Medicine Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University (BSMMU) Dhaka Bangladesh Department of Neuro-Anaesthesia National Institute of Neurosciences and Hospital (NINS) Sher-e-Bangla Nagar Agargaon Dhaka Bangladesh Department of Nephrology Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University (BSMMU) Dhaka Bangladesh Department of Anaesthesia Asgor Ali Hospital Dhaka Bangladesh Department of Pediatric Surgery Shaheed Suhrawardy Medical College and Hospital Dhaka Bangladesh Holy Family Red Crescent Medical College Hospital (HFRCMCH) Dhaka Bangladesh Department of Anaesthesiology and Intensive Care Unit (ICU) Rajshahi Medical College Hospital (RMCH) Rajshahi Bangladesh Department of Biochemistry Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University (BSMMU) Dhaka Bangladesh

Background: Lower extremity surgeries performed in elderly people usually have high prevalence of peri-operative medical problems related to anaesthesia. The overall objective of peri-operative care of geriatric population is to fast recovery from anaesthesia and avoid functional decline. Objective: To compare the peri-operative pulmonary status of combined spinal epidural anaesthesia (CSEA) and spinal anaesthesia (SA) in geriatric patients underwent lower extremity surgeries. Methods: This prospective comparative study was conducted at Department of Anaesthesia, Analgesia and Intensive Care Medicine, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University (BSMMU), Dhaka, Bangladesh from July 2016 to June 2018. A total of 70 geriatric cases that underwent lower extremity surgeries were included in this study. Cases were randomly allocated into two groups;35 in Group A (CSEA) and 35 in Group B (SAB). The different outcome variables between the groups like-duration of anaesthesia, respiratory rates (RR), oxygen saturation (SpO2), end tidal CO2 (EtCO2), peak expiratory flow rate (PEFR), breath holding test (BHT), peri-operative side effects of anaesthesia and post-operative visual analogue score (VAS) were analyzed and compared by statistical tests. Results: The mean age, weight, BMI of Group A and Group B patients were not significantly different (p > 0.05). No significant differences were observed in duration of surgery, gender and ASA grade between the groups (p > 0.05). Mean duration of anaesthesia, mean time to achieve target level of sensory block and mean time to achieve complete motor block were significantly higher in Group A (p 2, PEFR and BHT of both groups were not significantly different (p > 0.05). Peri-operative side effects of anaesthesia and post-operative VAS were significantly less in group A patients (p <

关键词： Combined Spinal Epidural Anaesthesia (CSEA) Geriatric Patients Spinal Anaesthesia (SA)

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