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Hybrid Swarm Intelligence Based QoS Aware Clustering with Routing Protocol for WSN

Computers, materials & Continua 2021年第9期68卷 2995-3013页

作者： m.S.maharajan T.Abirami Irina V.Pustokhina Denis A.Pustokhin K.shankar Department of Computer Science and Engineering GRT Institute of Engineering and TechnologyTiruttani631209India Department of Information Technology Kongu Engineering CollegeErode638060India Department of Entrepreneurship and Logistics Plekhanov Russian University of EconomicsMoscow117997Russia Department of Logistics State University of ManagementMoscow109542Russia Department of Computer Applications Alagappa UniversityKaraikudi630001India

Wireless Sensor Networks(WSN)started gaining attention due to its wide application in the fields of data collection and information *** recent advancements in multimedia sensors demand the Quality of Service(QoS)be maintained up to certain *** restrictions and requirements in QoS management completely depend upon the nature of target *** of the major QoS parameters in WSN are energy efficiency,network lifetime,delay and *** this scenario,clustering and routing are considered as the most effective techniques to meet the demands of *** they are treated as NP(Non-deterministic Polynomial-time)hard problem,Swarm Intelligence(SI)techniques can be *** current research work introduces a new QoS aware Clustering and Routing-based technique using Swarm Intelligence(QoSCRSI)*** proposed QoSCRSI technique performs two-level clustering and proficient ***,the fuzzy is hybridized with Glowworm Swarm Optimization(GSO)-based clustering(HFGSOC)technique for optimal selection of Cluster Heads(CHs).Here,Quantum Salp Swarm optimization Algorithm(QSSA)-based routing technique(QSSAR)is utilized to select the possible routes in the *** order to evaluate the performance of the proposed QoSCRSI technique,the authors conducted extensive simulation analysis with varying node *** experimental outcomes,obtained from the proposed QoSCRSI technique,apparently proved that the technique is better compared to other state-of-the-art techniques in terms of energy efficiency,network lifetime,overhead,throughput,and delay.

关键词： Quality of service clustering routing energy efficiency wireless sensor networks swarm intelligence

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Automatic Vehicle License Plate Recognition Using Optimal Deep Learning model

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Computers, materials & Continua 2021年第5期67卷 1881-1897页

作者： Thavavel Vaiyapuri Sachi Nandan mohanty m.Sivaram Irina V.Pustokhina Denis A.Pustokhin K.shankar College of Computer Engineering and Sciences Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz UniversityAl-KharjSaudi Arabia Department of Computer Science&Engineering IcfaiTechICFAI Foundation for Higher EducationHyderabadIndia Assistant professor Research Research CenterLebanese French UniversityErbil44001Iraq Department of Entrepreneurship and Logistics Plekhanov Russian University of EconomicsMoscow117997Russia Department of Logistics State University of ManagementMoscow109542Russia Department of Computer Applications Alagappa UniversityKaraikudiIndia

The latest advancements in highway research domain and increase in the number of vehicles everyday led to wider exposure and attention towards the development of efficient Intelligent Transportation System(ITS).One of the popular research areas i.e.,Vehicle License Plate Recognition(VLPR)aims at determining the characters that exist in the license plate of the *** VLPR process is a difficult one due to the differences in viewpoint,shapes,colors,patterns,and non-uniform illumination at the time of capturing *** current study develops a robust Deep Learning(DL)-based VLPR model using Squirrel Search Algorithm(SSA)-based Convolutional Neural Network(CNN),called the SSA-CNN *** presented technique has a total of four major processes namely preprocessing,License Plate(LP)localization and detection,character segmentation,and *** Transform(HT)is applied as a feature extractor and SSA-CNN algorithm is applied for character recognition in *** SSA-CNN method effectively recognizes the characters that exist in the segmented image by optimal tuning of CNN *** HT-SSA-CNN model was experimentally validated using the Stanford Car,FZU Car,and HumAIn 2019 Challenge *** experimentation outcome verified that the presented method was better under several *** projected HT-SSA-CNN model implied the best performance with optimal overall accuracy of 0.983%.

关键词： Deep learning license plate recognition intelligent transportation segmentation

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Potential groundwater recharge zones within New Zealand

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Geoscience Frontiers 2019年第3期10卷 1065-1072页

作者： Shailesh Kumar Singh malte Zeddies Ude shankar George A.Griffiths National Institute of Water and Atmospheric Research

Water resources in New Zealand are not evenly distributed across the country which makes it difficult to adequately allocate the use of water resources in every basin. Groundwater is a fundamental water resource in New Zealand for agricultural, industrial and domestic use. Detailed knowledge regarding groundwater recharge potential is a pre-requisite for sustainable groundwater management, including the assessment of its vulnerability to contamination by pollutants. In this study, a comprehensive GIS approach was used to map the potential groundwater recharge zones across New Zealand. National data sets of lithology, slope, aspect, land use, soil drainage and drainage density were converted to raster data sets with a spatial resolution of 500 m x 500 m and superimposed to derive groundwater potential zones. The resultant maps demonstrate that the potential is low in urban and mountainous areas, such as the Southern Alps, whereas the highest potential can be found in regions with large lakes and in the lower elevation plains areas, where Quaternary sediments prevail. The resulting maps can be used to identify areas of high nutrient leaching in zones where high groundwater recharge potential exists.

关键词： GIS Potential groundwater recharge map New Zealand

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Investigations on tribo-mechanical behaviour of Al-Si10-mg/sugarcane bagasse ash/SiC hybrid composites

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China Foundry 2019年第4期16卷 277-284页

作者： shankar Subramanian Balaji Arunachalam Kawin Nallasivam Alokesh Pramanik Department of mechatronics Engineering Kongu Engineering College Erode - 638060 TamilNadu India Department of mechanical Engineering Kongu Engineering College Erode - 638060 TamilNadu India School of Civil and mechanical Engineering Curtin University Bentley WA Australia

The effect of mechanical and tribological behaviour of aluminium alloy(Al-Si10-mg) with sugarcane bagasse ash and silicon carbide reinforced metal matrix composites were investigated. Al-Si10-mg alloy reinforced with 9 wt.% of treated sugarcane bagasse ash particles of size(m) and 0 wt.%, 3 wt.%, 6 wt.% and 9 wt.% of silicon carbide particles of size(m) were fabricated using the stir casting method. morphological analysis was done using scanning electron microscopy to access the distribution of reinforcement particles in the matrix alloy. Tensile, hardness, and impact strengths were increased with an increase in weight fraction of SiC reinforcement particles in the aluminium alloy, while the ductility was decreased. Pin-on-disc dry sliding wear test was carried out with 10, 20 and 30 N loads with a sliding speed of 10 m·s-1 for a constant time period of 20 min to predict the wear behaviour of the developed composites. Worn surfaces of the wear-tested specimens and fracture morphology structure of the tensile-tested specimens were analysed. Results show that the composites reinforced with sugarcane bagasse ash and silicon carbide particles exhibit superior wear resistance.

关键词： aluminium alloy sugarcane bagasse ash silicon carbide mechanical properties wear fracture morphology

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Patterns of species dominance, diversity and dispersion in ‘Khasi hill sal' forest ecosystem in northeast India

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Forest Ecosystems 2014年第4期1卷 227-246页

作者： Amit Kumar Tripathi Uma shankar Department of Botany North-Eastern Hill University

Background： The ＇Khasi hill sal＇ forest ecosystem in meghalaya, India represents the easternmost limit of sal distribution. We tested if tree diversity and compositional heterogeneity of this ecosystem was higher than other sal-dominated forests due to moister environment. methods： Vegetation was sampled in 11 transects of 10 m width and up to 500 m length covering 5.2 ha area. All stems ≥10 cm girth at breast height were enumerated. Results： We found a pattern of mixed dominance of Shored robusta （sal） and Schima wollichii and co-dominance of Pinus kesiyo and Careya arborea. The Shannon＇s diversity index （H＇） was 3.395 nats. This value is remarkably high and competitive to that of moist sal forests of eastern Himalayan foothills and sal-dominated forests of Tripura. A high value of H＇ was manifested by： a） high species richness （S = 123）, b） good equitability （70.6%）, c）＇fair＇ resource apportionment, and d） abundance of rare species （84% species with less than one per cent of total individuals, 67% species with two or less individuals ha-1 and 59% species with one or less individuals ha-1）. The compositional heterogeneity was ＇fair＇（Whittaker＇sβw = 3.15）. The presence of Fagaceae with six species commanding 4.3% of importance value （IVl） and of a pine （P. kesiya） in sal forest was remarkable. As many as 58 species showed ＇low density （〈 10 individuals ha-1）, uniform dispersion＇, five species achieved ＇higher density （〉 10 individuals ha-l）, uniform dispersion＇ and six of the top 10 species were ＇clumped＇. The forest showed an exponential demographic curve illustrating ＇good＇ regeneration of an expanding community. Vertical stratification was simple with a poor canopy and fair subcanopy, which together with low basal area （15.65 m2 . ha-1 for individuals ≥ 10 cm gbh） indicated logging of mature sal trees in the past. Conclusions： The ＇Khasi hill sal＇ forest ecosystem is richer in alpha and beta diversity than most sal-dominated forests, but past logging has reduce

关键词： Forest structure Phytosociology Floristics Beta diversity Abundance Species dispersion Populationstructure Regeneration Shorea robusto

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Band-gap engineering of La1-xNdxAlO3(x = 0,0.25,0.50,0.75,1)perovskite using density functional theory：A modified Becke Johnson potential study

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Chinese Physics B 2016年第6期25卷 376-382页

作者： Sandeep D P Rai A shankar m P Ghimire Anup Pradhan Sakhya T P Sinha R Khenata S Bin Omran R K Thapa Department of Physics Mizoram University Aizawl-796004 India Department of Physics Pachhunga University College Aizawl-796001 India Department of Physics University of North Bengal Darjeeling-734013 India IFW Dresden e. V. P. O. Box 270116 D-01171 Dresden Germany Department of Physics Bose Institute 93/1 Acharya Prafulla Chandra Road Kolkata 700009 India Laboratoire de Physique Quantique et de modelisation mathematique (LPQ3m) Department de Technologie Universite de Mascara 29000 Mascara Algerie Algeria Department of Physics and Astronomy College of Science King Saud University P. O: Box 2455 Riyadh 11451 Saudi Arabia

The structural,electronic,and magnetic properties of the Nd-doped Rare earth aluminate,La1-xNdxAlO3（x = 0%to 100%） alloys are studied using the full potential linearized augmented plane wave（FP-LAPW） method within the density functional *** effects of the Nd substitution in La AlO3 are studied using the supercell *** computed electronic structure with the modified Becke–Johnson（m BJ） potential based approximation indicates that the La1-xNdxAlO3 alloys may possess half-metallic（Hm） behaviors when doped with Nd of a finite density of states at the Fermi level（EF）.The direct and indirect band gaps are studied each as a function of x which is the concentration of Nddoped La *** calculated magnetic moments in the La1-xNdxAlO3 alloys are found to arise mainly from the Nd-4f state.A probable half-metallic nature is suggested for each of these systems with supportive integral magnetic moments and highly spin-polarized electronic structures in these doped systems at *** observed decrease of the band gap with the increase in the concentration of Nd doping in La AlO3 is a suitable technique for harnessing useful spintronic and magnetic devices.

关键词： density functional theory rare earth aluminates perovskites electronic structures

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Tree species diversity and stand structure along major community types in lowland primary and secondary moist deciduous forests in Tripura,Northeast India

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Journal of Forestry Research 2012年第4期23卷 553-568页

作者： Koushik majumdar Uma shankar Badal Kumar Datta Plant Taxonomy and Biodiversity Laboratory Department of BotanyTripura UniversitySuryamaninagar-799130TripuraIndia Ecosystem Research Laboratory Centre for Advanced Studies in BotanySchool of Life ScienceNorth-Eastern Hill UniversityShillong-793022MeghalayaIndia

Tree species diversity and population structure at different community types were described and analyzed for primary and secondary lowland moist deciduous forests in Tripura. Overall 10,957 individual trees belonging to 46 family, 103 genera and 144 species were counted at ≥30 cm DBH （diameter at breast height） using 28 permanent belt transects with a size of 1 ha （10 m × 1000 m）. Four different tree communities were identified. The primary forests was dominated by Shorea robusta （mean density 464.77 ***^-1, 105 species） and Schima wallichii （336.25 ***^-1, 82 species）, while the secondary forests was dominated by Tectona grandis （333.88 ***^-1, 105 species） and Hevea brasiliensis （299.67 ***^-1, 82 species）. Overall mean basal area in this study was ***^-1; the maximum value was recorded in primary Shorea forest （26.21 ***^-1）. mean density and diversity indices were differed significantly within four different communities. No significant differences were observed in number of species, genera, family and tree basal cover area. Significant relationships were found between the species richness and different tree population groups across the communities. Results revealed that species diversity and density were increased in those forests due to past disturbances which resulted in slow accumu- lation of native oligarchic small tree species. Seventeen species were recorded with 〈2 individuals of which Saraca asoka （Roxb.） de Wilde and Entada phaseoloides （L.） men＇. etc. extensively used in local ethnomedicinal formulations. The present S. robusta Gaertn dominated forest was recorded richer （105 species） than other reported studies. moraceae was found more speciose family instead of Papilionaceae and Euphorbiaceae than other Indian moist deciduous forests. Seasonal phenological gap in such moist deciduous forests influenced the population of Trachypithecus pileatus and capped langur. The analysis of FIV suggested a slow trend of shifting the p

关键词： diversity and stand structure moist deciduous forest species conservation tree community types

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Energy Efficient Cluster-Based Optimal Resource management in IoT Environment

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Computers, materials & Continua 2022年第1期70卷 1247-1261页

作者： J.V.Anchitaalagammai T.Jayasankar P.Selvaraj mohamed Yacin Sikkandar m.Zakarya mohamed Elhoseny K.shankar Department of Computer Science and Engineering Velammal College of Engineering and TechnologyMadurai625009India Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering University College of EngineeringBIT CampusAnna UniversityTiruchirappalli620024India Department of Information Technology SRMInstitute of Science and TechnologyKattankulathur603203Tamil NaduIndia Department of medical Equipment Technology College of Applied Medical SciencesMajmaah UniversityAlMajmaah11952Saudi Arabia Department of mathematics College of ScienceKing Khalid UniversityP.O.Box 9004Abha61413Saudi Arabia Department of mathematics Faculty of ScienceAl-Azhar UniversityAssiut71524Egypt College of Computer Information Technology American University in the EmiratesDubai503000United Arab Emirates Department of Computer Applications Alagappa UniversityKaraikudiIndia

Internet of Things(IoT)is a technological revolution that redefined communication and computation of modern *** generally refers to a network of gadgets linked via wireless network and communicates via *** management,especially energy management,is a critical issue when designing IoT *** studies reported that clustering and routing are energy efficient solutions for optimal management of resources in IoT *** this point of view,the current study devises a new Energy-Efficient Clustering-based Routing technique for Resource management i.e.,EECBRm in IoT *** proposed EECBRm model has three stages namely,fuzzy logic-based clustering,Lion Whale Optimization with Tumbling(LWOT)-based routing and cluster maintenance *** proposed EECBRmmodel was validated through a series of experiments and the results were verified under several *** model was compared with existing methods in terms of energy efficiency,delay,number of data transmission,and network *** simulated,in comparison with other methods,EECBRm model yielded excellent results in a significant ***,the efficiency of the proposed model is established.

关键词： IoT environment clustering routing resource management energy efficiency

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Laboratory performance of stone matrix asphalt mixtures with two aggregate gradations

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Journal of modern Transportation 2015年第2期23卷 130-136页

作者： Goutham Sarang B.m.Lekha J.S.Geethu A.U.Ravi shankar Department of Civil Engineering National Institute of Technology Karnataka

Stone matrix asphalt （SmA） is a gap-graded bituminous mixture which can be used in surface layer of high volume pavements. The mixture has higher concen- trations of coarse aggregates, providing strength and rut resistance to the mixture, and higher asphalt content giving durability. There must be a proper stone-to-stone contact between the coarse aggregates of SmA, and hence aggre- gate gradation is an important factor in this mixture. In the current study, two aggregate gradations, with nominal maximum aggregate sizes （NmAS） 16 and 13 mm were adopted to prepare SmA mixtures and their laboratory performances were compared. Polymer-modified bitumen （PmB） was used as the binder material and no stabilising additive was used, since drain down was within permissible limits for both mixtures with PmB. Conventional cylin- drical specimens were prepared in superpave gyratory compactor with bitumen contents 5.0 %, 5.5 %, 6.0 %, 6.5 % and 7.0 % by weight of aggregates, and volumetric and marshall properties were determined. Tensile strength, behaviour to repeated loading etc. were checked for cylindrical specimens prepared at optimum bitumen con- tent, whereas specially prepared slab specimens were used to check the rutting resistance of SmA mixtures. From the laboratory study, it was observed that, out of the two SmA mixtures, the one with NmAS 16 mm performed better compared to the other. These improved properties may be attributed towards the larger coarse aggregate sizes in the mixture.

关键词： Stone matrix asphalt Stone-to-stone contactDrain down Aggregate gradation Nominal maximumaggregate size

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Poly(amaranth) film based sensor for resolution of dopamine in the presence of uric acid:A voltammetric study

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Chinese Chemical Letters 2010年第12期21卷 1490-1492页

作者： Umesh Chandra B.E.Kumara Swamy Ongera Gilbert m.Pandurangachar Sathish Reddy S.Sharath shankar B.S.Sherigara Department of P.G.Studies and Research in Industrial Chemistry Kuvempu UniversityJnana SahyadriShankaraghattaShimoga 577 451KarnatakaIndia Department of Chemistry SSMRV Degree CollegeJayanagara 4T BlockBanglore 41KarnatakaIndia

The electropolymerized film of amaranth was prepared on the surface of graphite pencil electrode（GPE） using cyclic voltammetric *** poly（amaranth） film coated electrode exhibited an excellent electrocatalytic activity towards the detection of dopamine（DA） in the presence of uric acid（UA） in 0.2 mol/L phosphate buffer solution at pH *** effect of interference study was carried out using differential pulse voltammetric *** poly（amaranth） modified GPE was applied for the detection of DA in dopamine injection with satisfactory results.

关键词： Poly(amaranth) Graphite pencil electrode Dopamine Uric acid Sensor

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