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Serotonin syndrome controversies:A need for consensus

World Journal of Critical Care Medicine 2024年第2期13卷 150-158页

作者： Sanjay Prakash Chetsi S shah Anurag Prakash Department of Neurology Smt.B.K.Shah Medical Institute and Research CentreSumandeep VidyapeethVadodara 391760GujarātIndia Medicine Parul Institute of Medical Sciences and Research CentreParul University WaghodiaVadodara 391760India

Serotonin syndrome(SS)is a drug-induced clinical syndrome resulting from increased serotonergic activity in the central nervous *** more than seven decades have passed since the first description of SS,it is still an enigma in terms of terminology,clinical features,etiology,pathophysiology,diagnostic criteria,and therapeutic *** majority of SS cases have previously been reported by toxicology or psychiatry centers,particularly in people with mental ***,serotonergic medications are used for a variety of conditions other than mental *** properties have been discovered in several new drugs,including over-the-counter *** days,cases are reported in non-toxicology centers,such as perioperative settings,neurology clinics,cardiology settings,gynecology settings,and pediatric *** or poisonings of serotonergic agents constituted the majority of the cases observed in toxicology or psychiatry *** or poisoning of serotonergic drugs is uncommon in other clinical *** may develop SS at therapeutic ***,these patients may continue to use serotonergic medications even if they develop mild to moderate SS due to several ***,the clinical presentation(onset,severity,and clinical features)in such instances may not exactly match what toxicologists or psychiatrists observe in their respective *** produce considerable diversity in many aspects of ***,other experts discount these new developments in *** SS is a potentially lethal illness,consensus is required on several concerns related to SS.

关键词： Serotonin Serotonin syndrome Serotonin toxicity Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors Antidepressants Cyproheptadine

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The Impact of Opioid Drugs on Memory and Other Cognitive Functions: A Review

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Journal of Biosciences and Medicines 2024年第4期12卷 264-287页

作者： Mason T. Bennett Yuliya Modna Dev Kumar shah School of Biomedical Sciences Trinity Medical Sciences University Kingstown Saint Vincent and Grenadines Department of Physiology Trinity Medical Sciences University Kingstown Saint Vincent and Grenadines

Background and Purpose: Opioids, used for centuries to alleviate pain, have become a double-edged sword. While effective, they come with a host of adverse effects, including memory and cognition impairment. This review delves into the impact of opioid drugs on cognitive functions, explores underlying mechanisms, and investigates their prevalence in both medical care and illicit drug use. The ultimate goal is to find ways to mitigate their potential harm and address the ongoing opioid crisis. Methods: We sourced data from PubMed and Google Scholar, employing search combinations like “opioids,” “memory,” “cognition,” “amnesia,” “cognitive function,” “executive function,” and “inhibition.” Our focus was on English-language articles spanning from the inception of these databases up to the present. Results: The literature consistently reveals that opioid use, particularly at high doses, adversely affects memory and other cognitive functions. Longer deliberation times, impaired decision-making, impulsivity, and behavioral disorders are common consequences. Chronic high-dose opioid use is associated with conditions such as amnesiac syndrome (OAS), post-operative cognitive dysfunction (POCD), neonatal abstinence syndrome (NAS), depression, anxiety, sedation, and addiction. Alarming trends show increased opioid use over recent decades, amplifying the risk of these outcomes. Conclusion: Opioids cast a shadow over memory and cognitive function. These effects range from amnesiac effects, lessened cognitive function, depression, and more. Contributing factors include over-prescription, misuse, misinformation, and prohibition policies. Focusing on correct informational campaigns, removing punitive policies, and focusing on harm reduction strategies have been shown to lessen the abuse and use of opioids and thus helping to mitigate the adverse effects of these drugs. Further research into the impacts of opioids on cognitive abilities is also needed as they are well demonstrated in

关键词： Opioids Memory Cognition Pain

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Bendamustine and rituximab as frontline therapy in extranodal marginal zone lymphoma:a single-institution experience

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Oncology Research 2024年第6期32卷 1031-1036页

作者： CONSTANTINE N.LOGOTHETIS NATHAN P.HORVAT TONY KURIAN CELESTE BELLO JULIO CHAVEZ LEIDY ISENALUMHE BIJAL shah LUBOMIR SOKOL HAYDER SAEED JAVIER PINILLA SAMEH GABALLA Department of Internal Medicine University of South FloridaTampaFL33602USA College of Medicine University of South Florida MorsaniTampaFL33602USA H.Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute TampaFL33612USA

Extranodal marginal zone lymphoma(EMZL)encompasses 70%of cases of marginal zone *** bendamustine and rituximab(BR)were derived from trials involving other indolent non-Hodgkin’s *** one trial has evaluated frontline BR prospectively in *** retrospective study reports outcomes among EMZL patients receiving frontline ***-five patients were included with a median age of 69 years(40–81).Five(20.0%)patients had stage Ⅰ/Ⅱ disease,and 20(80.0%)had stage Ⅲ/Ⅳ *** median number of cycles was 6.0(3.0–6.0).Maintenance rituximab was administered to 10(41.7%)*** response rate(ORR)was 100.0%(60.0%complete response,40.0%partial response).Medians of overall survival and progression-free survival were not *** estimated 2-year progression-free survival was 85.2%and overall survival was 100.0%.Four(16.6%)patients had infections related to treatment;3(12.0%)transformed to diffuse large B-cell lymphoma;5(20.8%)had a relapse or progression of EMZL;and 3(12.0%)died unrelated to *** is an efficacious and well-tolerated front-line regimen for EMZL with response data consistent with existing literature.

关键词： Extranodal marginal zone lymphoma Bendamustine Rituximab Front-line therapy

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Ovule number as a rising star for regulating seed yield: Hope or hype

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Journal of Integrative Agriculture 2024年第11期 3623-3640页

作者： shahid Ullah Khan Ahmad Ali Sumbul Saeed Yonghai Fan Ali Shehazd Hameed Gul shah Fahad Kun Lu Integrative Science Center of Germplasm Creation in Western China (Chongqing) Science City and Southwest University College of Agronomy and BiotechnologySouthwest University Engineering Research Center of South Upland Agriculture Ministry of Education Women Medical and Dental College Khyber Medical University National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement Huazhong Agricultural University School of Environment and Science Griffith University College of Agronomy and Biotechnology Southwest University Department of Agronomy Abdul Wali Khan University Mardan Department of Natural Sciences Lebanese American University

Rapeseed(Brassica napus L.) is the second most widely grown premium oilseed crop globally, mainly for its vegetable oil and protein meal. One of the main goals of breeders is producing high-yield rapeseed cultivars with sustainable production to meet the requirements of the fast-growing population. Besides the pod number, seeds per silique(SS), and thousand-seed weight(TSW), the ovule number(ON) is a decisive yield determining factor of individual plants and the final seed yield. In recent years, tremendous efforts have been made to dissect the genetic and molecular basis of these complex traits, but relatively few genes or loci controlling these traits have been reported thus far. This review highlights the updated information on the hormonal and molecular basis of ON and development in model plants(Arabidopsis thaliana). It also presents what is known about the hormonal, molecular, and genetic mechanism of ovule development and number, and bridges our understanding between the model plant species(A. thaliana) and cultivated species(B. napus). This report will open new pathways for primary and applied research in plant biology and benefit rapeseed breeding programs. This synopsis will stimulate research interest to further understand ovule number determination, its role in yield improvement, and its possible utilization in breeding programs.

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Clinical profile and risk factors of symptomatic and asymptomatic hypoglycemia in neonates admitted to NICU in a tertiary care center: A cross-sectional study

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Journal of Acute Disease 2024年第1期13卷 31-35页

作者： Kiran Bhojraj Bhaisare Shivprasad Kachrulal Mundada Nehal Bharat shah Vilasrao Deshmukh Government Medical College LaturIndia

Objective:To investigate the clinical profile and risk factors of symptomatic and asymptomatic hypoglycemia in neonates admitted to a neonatal intensive care unit in a tertiary care ***:The prospective observational study was conducted in a tertiary care center in the Specialty Department of Pediatric.196 Newborn babies with blood glucose levels<45 mg/dL were examined with a simple random sampling method between December 2019 and November *** and neonatal risk factors and clinical signs were recorded and compared between symptomatic and asymptomatic ***:The proportion of symptomatic hypoglycemia neonates born to gestational diabetes mellitus mothers was significantly higher(23.4%vs.8.4%)(P<0.05).Small for gestational age,low birth weight,respiratory distress syndrome,hypothermia,and endocrine disorders were risk *** death rate in asymptomatic hypoglycemia neonates was significantly higher(58%vs.39%)(P<0.05).Conclusions:The study indicates that maternal gestational diabetes mellitus is associated with symptomatic hypoglycemia and asymptomatic hypoglycemia is associated with neonatal *** is important to take vigilance and timely interventions to address associated symptoms,particularly poor feeding,in the management of neonatal hypoglycemia.

关键词： Hypoglycemia Neonatal diabetes Symptomatic Asymptomatic Newborns hypoglycemia Diabetic infants Prevalence

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Enhancing Mild Cognitive Impairment Detection through Efficient Magnetic Resonance Image Analysis

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2024年第8期80卷 2081-2098页

作者： Atif Mehmood Zhonglong Zheng Rizwan Khan Ahmad Al Smadi Farah shahid shahid Iqbal Mutasem K.Alsmadi Yazeed Yasin Ghadi Syed Aziz shah Mostafa M.Ibrahim Department of Computer Science and Technology Zhejiang Normal UniversityJinhua321002China Zhejiang Institute of Photoelectronics&Zhejiang Institute for Advanced Light Source Zhejiang Normal UniversityJinhua321004China Department of Data Science and Artificial Intelligence Zarqa UniversityZarqa13100Jordan School of Chemical and Environmental Engineering College of ChemistryChemical Engineering andMaterials ScienceSoochow UniversitySuzhou215123China Department of Management Information Systems College of Applied Studies and Community ServiceImam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal UniversityDammam32244Saudi Arabia Department of Computer Science Al Ain UniversityAbu Dhabi999041United Arab Emirates Department of Electrical Engineering Faculty of EngineeringMinia UniversityMinia61519Egypt Healthcare Technology and Innovation Theme Faculty Research Centre for Intelligent HealthcareCoventry UniversityCoventryCV48BWUK

Neuroimaging has emerged over the last few decades as a crucial tool in diagnosing Alzheimer’s disease(AD).Mild cognitive impairment(MCI)is a condition that falls between the spectrum of normal cognitive function and ***,previous studies have mainly used handcrafted features to classify MCI,AD,and normal control(NC)*** paper focuses on using gray matter(GM)scans obtained through magnetic resonance imaging(MRI)for the diagnosis of individuals with MCI,AD,and *** improve classification performance,we developed two transfer learning strategies with data augmentation(i.e.,shear range,rotation,zoom range,channel shift).The first approach is a deep Siamese network(DSN),and the second approach involves using a cross-domain strategy with customized *** performed experiments on the Alzheimer’s Disease Neuroimaging Initiative(ADNI)dataset to evaluate the performance of our proposed *** experimental results demonstrate superior performance in classifying the three binary classification tasks:NC ***,NC ***,and MCI ***,we achieved a classification accuracy of 97.68%,94.25%,and 92.18%for the three cases,*** study proposes two transfer learning strategies with data augmentation to accurately diagnose MCI,AD,and normal control individuals using GM *** findings provide promising results for future research and clinical applications in the early detection and diagnosis of AD.

关键词： Alzheimer’s disease mild cognitive impairment normal control transfer learning classification augmentation

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Intrusion Detection System for Smart Industrial Environments with Ensemble Feature Selection and Deep Convolutional Neural Networks

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Intelligent Automation & Soft Computing 2024年第3期39卷 545-566页

作者： Asad Raza shahzad Memon Muhammad Ali Nizamani Mahmood Hussain shah Dr.AHS Bukhari Postgraduate Centre of Information and Communication Technology Faculty of Engineering and TechnologyUniversity of SindhJamshoro76060Pakistan Newcastle Business School Northumbria UniversityNewcastleNE1UK

Smart Industrial environments use the Industrial Internet of Things(IIoT)for their routine operations and transform their industrial operations with intelligent and driven ***,IIoT devices are vulnerable to cyber threats and exploits due to their connectivity with the *** signature-based IDS are effective in detecting known attacks,but they are unable to detect unknown emerging ***,there is the need for an IDS which can learn from data and detect new *** Machine Learning(ML)and individual Deep Learning(DL)based IDS have been developed,and these individual models achieved low accuracy;however,their performance can be improved with the ensemble stacking *** this paper,we have proposed a Deep Stacked Neural Network(DSNN)based IDS,which consists of two stacked Convolutional Neural Network(CNN)models as base learners and Extreme Gradient Boosting(XGB)as the meta *** proposed DSNN model was trained and evaluated with the next-generation dataset,TON_*** pre-processing techniques were applied to prepare a dataset for the model,including ensemble feature selection and the SMOTE ***,precision,recall,F1-score,and false positive rates were used to evaluate the performance of the proposed ensemble *** experimental results showed that the accuracy for binary classification is 99.61%,which is better than in the baseline individual DL and ML *** addition,the model proposed for IDS has been compared with similar *** proposed DSNN achieved better performance metrics than the other *** proposed DSNN model will be used to develop enhanced IDS for threat mitigation in smart industrial environments.

关键词： Industrial internet of things smart industrial environment cyber-attacks convolutional neural network ensemble learning

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Molecular Docking Studies of Botanical Beverage Mix Berries (LIFEGREENTM) against Breast Cancer Cells from Targeted Protein 1QQG, 7B5Q & 7B5O & Uterine Fibroid from Targeted Protein 2AYR, 6T41 & 3GRF

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Computational Molecular Bioscience 2024年第2期14卷 59-123页

作者： Ummi shahieda Lazaroo Bt Zurrein shah Lazaroo Navanithan Sivanananthan Chua Kia How Department of Scientific Research of Lifetree Asia Sdn Bhd Selangor Malaysia Department of Scientific Research of Lifetree Biotech Sdn Bhd Selangor Malaysia Department of Research and Development of Nutrimedt Sdn Bhd Selangor Malaysia Faculty of Health & Life Sciences Management & Science University Selangor Malaysia Lifetree Asia Sdn Bhd Selangor Malaysia Lifetree Biotech Sdn Bhd Selangor Malaysia Nutrimedt Sdn Bhd Selangor Malaysia

Fibroids, also called leiomyomas or myomas, are communal tumors of the muscle or uterine wall that affect about 20% of females who are of reproductive age. They can look as if singly or in clusters, and they often cease to grow after menopause. Fibroids can be classified as intramural, sub serosal, pedunculated, or submucosal based on where they are positioned in the uterus. Although fibroids are benign, they can grow quickly and cause a range of symptoms, such as pelvic pressure, heavy menstrual flow, and infertility. As a result, fibroids are a main reason behind hysterectomy surgeries. The majority of cases of breast cancer are ductal and lobular cancers, making it the second utmost common cancer in women international. Gene mutations like those in BRCA1 or BRCA2 knowingly raise the risk of breast and other cancers, typically with an earlier cancer onset. Cancer risk is influenced by a complex interplay of genetic abnormalities, environmental factors, and lifestyle selections. Further research into these relations is domineering. Although they are common in uterine leiomyomas, especially multiple leiomyomas, MED12 mutations do not significantly correlate with tumor size. These mutations have also been noticed in smooth muscle tumors and leiomyosarcomas, two other types of uterine cancer. The identification of MED12 mutations as the sole genetic abnormality originates in leiomyomas raises the opportunity of a role in the genesis of cancer. 10% - 15% of women who are of reproductive age have endometriosis, which grants serious difficulties because of its chronic nature and range of clinical symptoms. Even after effective surgeries, issues reoccur often, adding to the enormous financial burden. The effects of MED12 mutations have been experiential in recent studies examining the molecular causes of endometriosis-associated infertility, which have shown anomalies in cellular connections and signaling cascades. Computational techniques were used in this study to inves

关键词： Uterine Fibroid Breast Cancer Molecular Docking IRS Protein BRCA1 BRCA2 MED12-a Endometriosis

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Self-Coexistence Among Cognitive Radio Networks Using Risk-Motivated Channel Selection Based Deference Structure

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Tsinghua Science and Technology 2013年第3期18卷 242-249页

作者： Kenneth Ezirim shamik Sengupta Department of Computer Science Graduate Center Department of Math. and Comp. Sci. John Jay College

Among cognitive radio networks there is a persistent trend of competition to acquire under-utilized and idle channels for data transmission. The competition for spectrum resources often results in the misuse of the spectrum resources as networks experience contention in attempt to access unoccupied spectrum bands. The competitive scenario causes cognitive radio networks to incur a huge amount of loss, which constitutes a major problem of self-coexistence among networks. As a way to minimize these losses we present a self-coexistence mechanism that allows cognitive radio networks to coexist with each other by implementing a risk-motivated channel selection based on deference structure. Cognitive radio networks form deference structure community to have more efficient access to a channel of interest and can defer transmission to one another on that channel, thereby minimizing the chances of conflicts. As part of the decision making process to become a member of a deference structure community, cognitive radio networks rely on a risk-motivated channel selection scheme to evaluate the tentative deference structure channel. We provide numerical and simulation results that demonstrates the benefits of the proposed self-coexistence mechanism and show how it helps networks to coordinate their spectrum activities, minimize contention experienced and improve their utility. We also emphasize on the importance of the deference structure community size with regards to the average performance of member networks.

关键词： dynamic spectrum access cognitive radio self-coexistence deference deference structure

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Clinical Insights: Prevalence of β-Thalassemia Mutations (IVSI-5, FSC8/9, and CD41/42) in the Swat District

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生物组学研究杂志(英文) 2024年第1期07卷 1-7页

作者： Saif Sumaia Lila shah Ghani Gulalai Rahat Murad Ali Rasool Akhtar Israr Muhammad Department of Forensic Sciences University of Swat Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Pakistan Centre for Animal Sciences and Fisheries University of Swat Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Pakistan

Background: Thalassemia is a prevalent condition characterized by decreased production or absence of hemoglobin globin chains. There are 2 types of thalassemia, alpha thalassemia and beta thalassemia (β-thalassemia), classified according to defects in the alpha or beta protein chain. β-Thalassemia results from a diverse range of mutations in the β subunit of the hemoglobin gene (HBB). This results in severe reductions in erythrocyte and hemoglobin levels. Worldwide, more than 40,000 babies are born with β-thalassemia annually. There are approximately 80 million β-thalassemia carriers. In Pakistan, the annual birth rate of β-thalassemia major carriers is approximately 6,000, and 50,000 to 100,000 patients suffer from this common inherited disorder. IVSI-1, IVSI-5 (G>C), Fr 8/9 (+G), Fr 41/42 (-TTCT), and del 619 are the 5 most common mutations that account for 90% of β-thalassemia cases in Pakistan. This study aimed to investigate the prevalence of β-thalassemia mutations (IVSI-5, Fr 41/42, and Fr 8/9) in the Swat district and to analyze the blood morphology of different mutant thalassemia blood ***: A cross-sectional study was performed at the Forensic Research Lab University of Swat from December 2021 to March 2022. The study included a total of 150 blood samples. Comparative analysis of blood morphology through microscopy was carried out on samples from patients with different β-thalassemia mutations and normal individuals. Genomic DNA extraction was performed according to the Sambrook protocol, and DNA was quantified via agarose gel electrophoresis. Thalassemia mutations were detected by amplification refractory mutation system (ARMS)-polymerase chain reaction (PCR). The frequencies of different β-thalassemia mutations were ***: Thalassemia blood cells were more hypochromic and microcytic than normal blood cells, although no differences were detected in the morphology of IVSI-5, Fr 8/9, or CD41/42 mutant blood cells. The IVSI-5, Fr 8/9, a

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