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Gunshot injury to spine:An institutional experience of management and complications from a developing country

Chinese Journal of Traumatology 2020年第6期23卷 324-328页

作者： Mir Ibrahim Sajid Bushra Ahmad shaikh danish mahmood Aneela Darbar Medical College Aga Khan UniversityKarachi74880Pakistan Department of Neurosurgery Aga Khan University HospitalKarachi74880Pakistan

Purpose Gunshot wounds are the second leading cause of spinal cord *** intervention for gunshot injury to the spine carries a high rate of *** is a scarcity of data on civilian gunshot injuries to the spine in *** 60 cases over the last 10 years have been recoded,with unusual presentation and neurological *** it is imperative to fill this gap in data,by reviewing cases of civilian gunshot injuries to spine presenting at a tertiary care hospital(Aga Khan University Hospital,Karachi).Methods This is a retrospective cohort *** of all ages who presented to the emergency department of Aga Khan University Hospital,with gunshot injuries to spine between January 2005 and December 2016 were included in the *** were collected on neurological status(American Spinal Injury Association score was used for the initial and follow-up neurological assessment),extent of cord transection,motor and sensory *** patients were further grouped into those with cord transection,and those with fractures of the bony spine but an intact spinal *** patients were then followed and the outcomes were *** A total of 40 patients were *** mean±SD of patients age was(30.9±9.5)*** the 40 patients with gunshot wounds,31 had the medical imaging performed at the facility,and hence they were included in this *** remaining 9 patients were excluded from this additional *** patients were managed surgically and 27 patients underwent the conservative *** mean±SD of follow-up was(8.7±7.2)*** our study,the thoracic spine was the most commonly injured region in gunshot *** the 31 patients with medical imaging performed at our institute,17(54.8%)had cord transection,of whom 8(47%)ultimately developed *** The prognosis of gunshot injuries to the spine can be varied depending on whether the spinal cord is intact or ***

关键词： Hospital management Cord transection Prognostic predictors Gunshot injury Spinal trauma

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Biological Control of Root-Knot Nematode Meloidogyne incognita in Psoralea corylifolia Plant by Enhancing the Biocontrol Efficacy of Trichoderma harzianum Using Press Mud

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Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany 2022年第8期91卷 1757-1777页

作者： Yasar Nishat Mohammad danish Heba I.Mohamed Hisamuddin shaikh Abeer Elhakem Section of Plant Pathology and Nematology Department of BotanyAligarh Muslim UniversityAligarh202002India Department of Biological and Geological Sciences Faculty of EducationAin Shams UniversityCairo11341Egypt Department of Biology College of Science and Humanities in Al-KharjPrince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz UniversityAl-Kharj11942Saudi Arabia

Meloidogyne incognita is a plant pathogen causing root-knot disease and loss of crop *** present study aimed to use Trichoderma harzianum as a biocontrol agent against plant-parasitic nematodes and used press mud,which is a solid waste by-product of sugarcane,as a biocontrol agent and ***,the combined application of *** and press mud may enhance nematode control and plant *** analysis of press mud using scanning electron microscopy(SEM)integrated with an Energy Dispersive X-ray(EDX)analyzer revealed the presence of different elements such as C,O,Mg,Si,P,K,Ca,Cu and *** addition,a greenhouse study was conducted to investigate the combined effects of press mud and *** on *** reproduction and growth and the biochemical features of Psoralea *** results showed that plant length,dry biomass,leaf area,the number of seeds per plant,chlorophyll a,chl b,carotenoid content,nitrate reductase,carbonic anhydrase,and nitrogen content were significantly increased(P≤0.05)in the T2 plants(plants were treated with 100 g of press mud+50 mL *** before one week of *** inoculation),over inoculated plants(IC).Antioxidant enzyme activity of ascorbate peroxidase(APX),catalase(CAT),peroxidase(POD),and superoxide dismutase(SOD)in the foliage of *** was significantly increased when plants were treated with press mud+***.A significant reduction in the number of egg masses,nematode population,and root-knot index(RKI)was found in plants with T2 *** results suggest that the combined application of *** and press mud has the potential to control the *** infection and can be used as an environmentally safe alternative to chemical nematicides and also help in the removal of sugarcane waste that causes environmental pollution.

关键词： Growth improvement antioxidant enzymes nitrate reductase carbonic anhydrase root-knot index

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Nigella sativa oil alleviates doxorubicin-induced cardiomyopathy and neurobehavioral changes in mice:In vivo and in-silico study

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Biomedicine 2022年第7期12卷 312-322页

作者： Md Jamir Anwar Sattam Khulaif Alenezi Faizul Azam danish mahmood Faisal Imam Khalid Saad Alharbi Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology Unaizah College of PharmacyQassim UniversityAl-QassimSaudi Arabia Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry&Pharmacognosy Unaizah College of PharmacyQassim UniversityAl-QassimSaudi Arabia Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology College of PharmacyKing Saud UniversityRiyadhSaudi Arabia Department of Pharmacology College of PharmacyJouf UniversitySakakahSaudi Arabia

Objective:To investigate the effect of Nigella sativa oil on cardiomyopathy and neurobehavioral changes induced by doxorubicin in ***:Swiss strain of albino female mice were divided into 6 groups of 5 animals in each:GroupⅠ(control group),groupⅡ(doxorubicin,10 mg/kg,i.v.),groupⅢ,Ⅳ,andⅤ(Nigella sativa oil;1.5,3,and 6 mL/kg,respectively),groupⅥ(Nigella sativa oil per se;6 mL/kg,p.o.).The duration of treatment was 15 d(10 days’pre-treatment and 5 days’post-treatment)and doxorubicin was administered on day 11th of the treatment *** Nigella sativa oil treatment,neurobehavioral tests,cardiac hypertrophy tests,and biochemical tests in serum and tissues were *** tests included assessment of anxiety-like behavior in the elevated plus maze,spontaneous alternation behavior in the cross maze,and depression-like behavior in modified forced swim *** tests included serum lactate dehydrogenase and creatinine kinase-MB,malondialdehyde and reduced glutathione in ***,molecular docking was used to estimate the affinity of the phytoconstituents of Nigella sativa oil with histone ***:Nigella sativa oil treatment significantly(P<0.001)restored doxorubicin-induced neurobehavioral changes,decreased lactate dehydrogenase and creatinine kinase-MB in the plasma,malondialdehyde contents in tissues,and increased reduced glutathione ***,no significant alteration was observed in Nigella sativa oil per se group as compared to the *** docking showed that Nigella sativa oil components had appreciable binding affinitiy with the protein cavities of HDAC1 and ***:The result shows that Nigella sativa oil exerts anxiolytic,antidepressant,and memory-enhancing effects in addition to cardioprotective effect against doxorubicin-induced cardiomyopathy in *** modulatory effect of Nigella sativa oil on oxidative stress could contribute to the cardioprotective effect and associated neuro

关键词： Nigella sativa oil Doxorubicin Cardiomyopathy Neurobehavioral changes Lactate dehydrogenase Creatinine kinase-MB Malondialdehyde Reduced glutathione Mice HDAC docking

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Improved-Equalized Cluster Head Election Routing Protocol for Wireless Sensor Networks

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Computer Systems Science & Engineering 2023年第1期44卷 845-858页

作者： Muhammad Shahzeb Ali Ali Alqahtani Ansar Munir Shah Adel Rajab mahmood Ul Hassan Asadullah shaikh Khairan Rajab Basit Shahzad Department of Computer Science Institute of Southern PunjabMultan5932Pakistan College of Computer Science and Information Systems Najran UniversityNajran61441Saudi Arabia Department of Computer Skills Deanship of Preparatory YearNajran UniversityNajran61441Saudi Arabia Department of Engineering National University of Modern LanguagesIslamabad44000Pakistan

Throughout the use of the small battery-operated sensor nodes encou-rage us to develop an energy-efficient routing protocol for wireless sensor networks(WSNs).The development of an energy-efficient routing protocol is a mainly adopted technique to enhance the lifetime of *** routing protocols are available,but the issue is still *** is one of the most important techniques in the existing routing *** the clustering-based model,the important thing is the selection of the cluster *** this paper,we have proposed a scheme that uses the bubble sort algorithm for cluster head selection by considering the remaining energy and the distance of the nodes in each ***,the bubble sort algorithm chose the two nodes with the maximum remaining energy in the cluster and chose a cluster head with a small *** proposed scheme performs hierarchal routing and direct routing with some energy *** simulation will be performed in MATLAB to justify its performance and results and compared with the ECHERP model to justify its ***,the simulations will be performed in two scenarios,gate-way-based and without gateway to achieve more energy-efficient results.

关键词： Bubble sort algorithm gateway energy thresholds wireless sensor networks

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ILSM:Incorporated Lightweight Security Model for Improving QOS in WSN

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Computer Systems Science & Engineering 2023年第8期46卷 2471-2488页

作者： Ansar Munir Shah Mohammed Aljubayri Muhammad Faheem Khan Jarallah Alqahtani mahmood ul Hassan Adel Sulaiman Asadullah shaikh Insitute of Southern Punjab MultanPakistan College of Computer Science and Information Systems Najran UniversityNajranSaudi Arabia Department of Computer Skills Deanship of Preparatory YearNajran UniversityNajranSaudi Arabia

In the network field,Wireless Sensor Networks(WSN)contain prolonged attention due to afresh *** like health care,traffic,defense,and many more systems espoused the *** networks contain tiny sensor nodes containing embedded processors,TinyOS,memory,and power *** nodes are responsible for forwarding the data *** manage all these components,there is a need to select appropriate parameters which control the quality of service of *** sensor nodes are involved in transmitting vital information,and there is a need for secure and efficient routing to reach the quality of *** due to the high cost of the network,WSN components have limited resources to manage the *** is a need to design a lightweight solution that ensures the quality of service in *** this given manner,this study provides the quality of services in a wireless sensor network with a security *** incorporated hybrid lightweight security model is designed in which random waypoint mobility(RWM)model and grey wolf optimization(GWO)is used to enhance service quality and maintain security with efficient *** version 16 andNetwork Stimulator 2.35(NS2.35)are used in this research to evaluate the *** overall cost factor is reduced at 60%without the optimization technique and 90.90%reduced by using the optimization technique,which is assessed by calculating the signal-to-noise ratio,overall energy nodes,and communication overhead.

关键词： Wireless sensor networks quality of service random waypoint mobility model grey wolf optimization security

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Efficient Energy and Delay Reduction Model for Wireless Sensor Networks

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Computer Systems Science & Engineering 2023年第7期46卷 1153-1168页

作者： Arslan Iftikhar M.A.Elmagzoub Ansar Munir Hamad Abosaq Al Salem mahmood ul Hassan Jarallah Alqahtani Asadullah shaikh Institute of Southern Punjab Multan60000Pakistan College of Computer Science and Information Systems Najran UniversityNajran61441Saudi Arabia Department of Computer Skills Deanship of Preparatory YearNajran UniversityNajran61441Saudi Arabia

In every network,delay and energy are crucial for communication and network *** wireless sensor networks,many tiny nodes create networks with high energy consumption and compute routes for better *** Sensor Networks(WSN)is a very complex scenario to compute minimal delay with data aggregation and energy *** this research,we compute minimal delay and energy efficiency for improving the quality of service of any *** proposed work is based on energy and distance parameters as taken dependent variables with data *** aggregation performs on different models,namely Hybrid-Low Energy Adaptive Clustering Hierarchy(H-LEACH),Low Energy Adaptive Clustering Hierarchy(LEACH),and Multi-Aggregator-based Multi-Cast(MAMC).The main contribution of this research is to a reduction in delay and optimized energy solution,a novel hybrid model design in this research that ensures the quality of service in *** model includes a whale optimization technique that involves heterogeneous functions and performs optimization to reach optimized *** cluster head selection,Stable Election Protocol(SEP)protocol is used and Power-Efficient Gathering in Sensor Information Systems(PEGASIS)is used for driven-path in *** results evaluate that H-LEACH provides minimal delay and energy consumption by sensor *** the comparison of existing theories and our proposed method,HLEACH is providing energy and delay reduction and improvement in quality of *** 2019 is used for simulation work.

关键词： Data aggregation wireless sensor network energy efficiency quality of services delay reduction

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Monitoring of Environmental Mercury Exposure Using Hair as Bioindicator and the Study of Potential Factors Affecting on It in Karachi

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American Journal of Analytical Chemistry 2014年第2期5卷 83-90页

作者： Nida Ali shaikh Mohiuddin Talat mahmood Majid Mumtaz Department of Chemistry Federal Urdu University of Arts Science and Technology (Gulshan Campus) Karachi Pakistan Department of Chemistry University of Karachi Karachi Pakistan

The World Health Organization (WHO), Environmental Protection Agency (EPA), and International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA) have recommended the use of hair for worldwide environmental monitoring. Mercury exposure to the inhabitants of Karachi was assessed by using hair as bioindicator. Hair samples of 200 residents of Karachi were collected and analyzed through cold vapor atomic absorption spectroscopy (CVAA) technique for mercury concentration. The effects of age, gender, working status, location, food and smoking habit were investigated. Control region showed a positive correlation between HHg and age of donor while no such correlation was observed for polluted regions. Mercury exposure through cosmetic usage in female was only pronounced in control region. These results indicate that environmental pollution dominates other potential factors. Age and smoking habit were not found to be the influencing factors while an elevated mean level of mercury was noticed for regular fish consumers than rarely fish consumers. 95.33% of the samples contained HHg greater than the permissible level of 2 μg?g?1 set by WHO. An apparently healthy male donor had HHg concentration (28.24 μg?g?1) closer to the high risk concentration of 30 μg?g?1 based on WHO criteria. Whereas, two female donors of the age group of 41-50 years had HHg concentrations (10.82 and 11.84 μg?g?1) higher than the NOAEL (no observed adverse affects level) value (10 μg?g?1) for females which is associated with fetus neurotoxicity. However, no symptoms of mercury toxicity were visible. The results indicate the alarming condition of pollution in the city which should be taken into further consideration.

关键词： Mercury Hair Bioindicator Cold Vapor Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy (CVAA) Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) Karachi

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Change in pulse rate with Enviro Chip and dummy chip fixed on radiation emitting devices like mobile phones/computers/laptops of users—A double blind crossover study

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Journal of Biomedical Science and Engineering 2013年第8期6卷 805-811页

作者： Ajay Poddar Sunita Rana Vanita Mittal Saroj Kumar Sabath danish mahmood Head of Department Emergency Max Hospital New Delhi India Max House 1 Dr. Jha Marg Okhla Phase III New Delhi India Max Super Specialty Hospital New Delhi India Syenergy Environics Limited New Delhi India

Use of Electronic gadgets such as mobile phones, computers/laptops constitutes an integral part of human day-to-day activity in offices and businesses. Therefore, their use cannot be stopped. These electronic gadgets emit electromagnetic radiations, which are believed to be hazardous to human health. World Health Organization/International Agency for Research on Cancer has classified radiofrequency electromagnetic fields as possibly carcinogenic to humans (Group B). The Enviro Chip developed by Synergy Environics, India, is a radiation harmonizing chip which when fixed on electronic gadgets at specific locations claims to reduce stress level by reducing the pulse rate of users which may also result in improvement of other health parameters. In this study, we have tested the ability of the Enviro Chip to reduce pulse rate of people who may have developed high pulse rate due to prolonged use of electronic gadgets. This was the double blind crossover study conducted in 205 healthy volunteers having an average pulse rate of above 82 per Minute at Max Healthcare India. The primary objective of the study was to evaluate and compare the change in pulse rate over 14 measurements with the use of both the Enviro Chip and a Dummy chip from average pulse rate at baseline without the Placebo effect. The secondary objective was to evaluate the change in pulse rate gender-wise. Data analysis was done using Wilcoxon Sign Rank test. The study demonstrated statistical significant reduction in pulse rate over 14 measurements with the use of Enviro Chip in both male and female healthy volunteers

关键词： Electromagnetic Radiations Pulse Rate Enviro Chips Radiation Harmonization Mobile Phones

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Endotracheal tube exchange and pneumothorax: A case report

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Case Reports in Clinical Medicine 2013年第2期2卷 183-185页

作者： Nissar shaikh Kasif mahmood Amr Aboul Wafa Ousama Kokash Department of Anesthesia/ICU Hamad Medical Corporation Doha Qatar Department of Anesthesia/ICU Weill Cornell Medical College in Qatar Doha Qatar Department of Surgery Hamad Medical Corporation Doha Qatar

Endotracheal intubation and extubation in intensive care unit (ICU) patients are difficult. Extubation will be more worrisome if patient has difficult intubation, sleep apnea, surgical procedure involving airway or surrounding structures. In such extubation airway exchange catheters (AEC) are used, as they are simple to use and able to provide oxygen to the patient. Rarely AEC use can cause potential life threatening complications. We report a case of pneumothorax following use of AEC in post-thyroidectomy patient. Case: A 32 years old male patient was admitted to our ICU, with difficult intubation after thyroidectomy. He was a known case of obtructive sleep apnea, hypertension and large goiter. In ICU for proper visualization of vocal cords and resecuring the airway, AEC was used, but patient had hypoxia with bradycardia. He was recovered with Ambu bag ventilation and required brief cardiopulmonary resuscitation. Post resuscitation he had left impending tension pneumothorax and lung laceration requiring chest drain, which was removed after tracheostomy and weaned from the ventilator. After 9 days supra glottic edema subsided and vocal cords were moving;His trachea was decanulated and he was discharged home. Conclusion: Rarely AEC use can cause life threatening injuries. Pneumothorax following the use of AEC is not always due to tracheobronchial injury;it can also occur as a result of alveolar injury.

关键词： AEC Difficult Intubation Pneumothorax Thyroidectomy

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Frequency of Neurological Disorders and Related EEG Finding in a Tertiary Care Hospital of Karachi

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Journal of Biosciences and Medicines 2019年第11期7卷 56-64页

作者： danish Mohammad Syeda Saba Zaidi Bina Fawad Muhammad Fazal Hussain Qureshi Zain Jawed Abubaker Muhammad Zubair shaikh Muzna Shah Mahira Lakhani Sara Sadiq Ziauddin University Karachi Pakistan Department of Neurology Liaquat National Hospital Karachi Pakistan Department of Community Health Sciences Ziauddin University Karachi Pakistan Department of Physiology CMH Institute of Medical Sciences Bahawalpur Pakistan

Background: Electroencephalogram (EEG) is defined as a method of detecting brain waves signifying the electrical conductivity of the brain. Globally, EEG is used to further classify neuropsychiatric disorders. Objective: To evaluate the prevalence of abnormal EEGs and related neurological disorders and it’s correlation with age and gender. Methodology: A descriptive cross sectional study was conducted in Neurology department, Ziauddin hospital, Karachi, Pakistan from June 2018 to May 2019. A total of 440 individuals based on inclusion criteria were selected through Non-probability consecutive sampling. Informed consent was obtained from study participants. A self-designed structured questionnaire and EEG record were used for data collection. Data were entered and analyzed using SPSS v 20. Mean and standard deviation was calculated for numerical variable and frequency and percentages were calculated for categorical variable. Independent t-test and chi square was used to check association of abnormal EEG with age and gender. P value of ≤0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results: The mean age of study participants was 52.98 ± 22.68 years. There were 54.5% (n = 240) males. Approximately 45.2% (n = 199) participants had predisposing condition which can lead to abnormal EEG. EEG records of 39.8% (n = 175) of the patients was normal while 60.2% (n = 265) had abnormal records. Diffuse neuronal dysfunction consistent with encephalopathy was found in 45.2%. Mild neuronal dysfunction consistent with encephalopathy accounted for 33.5% of cases. Significant difference was found in Abnormal EEG among different age group (p = 0.01). Chi square shows an association between abnormal EEG and male gender (p = 0.025). Conclusion: EEG plays a vital role in the diagnosis of neuropsychiatric conditions in developing countries. EEGs can further help to determine the relationship of different neuropsychiatric conditions and can help in early diagnosis and better prognosis.

关键词： Neurological Disorders EEG Association

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