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Assessment of Sea Water Inundation Along Daboo Creek Area in Indus Delta Region, Pakistan

Journal of Ocean University of China 2017年第6期16卷 1055-1060页

作者： ZIA Ibrahim ZAFAR Hina shahzad Muhammad I. MERAJ Mohsin KAZMI Jamil H. National Institute of Oceanography (NIO) Karachi 75600 Pakistan Department of Geography University of Karachi 75270 Pakistan Earth & Atmospheric Remote Sensing Laboratory (EARL) Department of Meteorology COMSATS Institute of Information Technology (CIIT) Park Road Islamabad 45550 Pakistan

Indus Deltaic Region(IDR) in Pakistan is an erosion vulnerable coast due to the high deep water wave energy. Livelihood of millions of people depends on the fisheries and mangrove forests in IDR. IDR consists of many creeks where Daboo is a major creek located at southeast of the largest city of Pakistan, Karachi. Unfortunately, there has been no detailed study to analyze the damages of sea water intrusion at a large temporal and spatial scale. Therefore, this study is designed to estimate the effects of sea water inundation based on changing sea water surface salinity and sea surface temperature(SST). Sea surface salinity and SST data from two different surveys in Daboo creek during 1986 and 2010 are analyzed to estimate the damages and extent of sea water intrusion. Mean salinity has increased 33.33% whereas mean SST decreased 13.79% from 1987 to 2010. Spatio-temporal analysis of creek area using LANDSAT 5 Thematic mapper(TM) data for the years 1987 and 2010 shows significant amount of erosion at macro scale. Creek area has increased approximately 9.93%(260.86 m^2 per year) which is roughly equal to 60 extensive sized shrimp farms. Further Land Use Land Cover(LULC) analyses for years 2001 and 2014 using LANDSAT 7 Enhanced Thematic Mapper Plus(ETM+) has indicated 42.3% decrease in cultivated land. Wet mud flats have spread out at the inner mouth of creek with enormous increase of 123.3%. Significant sea water intrusion has increased the area of barren land by 37.9%. This also resulted in overall decrease of 6.7% in area covered by mangroves. Therefore, this study recorded a significant evidence of sea water intrusion in IDR that has caused serious damages to community living in the area, economical losses. Additionally, it has also changed the environment by reducing creek biological productivity as reported by earlier studies over other regions of the world.

关键词： sea water intrusion SST salinity Ambro creek CTD

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Effect of dew point on hot-dip galvanizing behavior of a high-manganese TWIP steel for automotive application

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Journal of Iron and Steel Research International 2020年第10期27卷 1200-1211页

作者： Ting-dong Ren Wen Shi Ren-dong Liu Li Lin Hong-gang Yang Lin Li Babar shahzad School of Materials Science and Engineering Shanghai UniversityShanghai 200072China Ansteel Group Co. Anshan 114021LiaoningChina Institute of Metal Research Chinese Academy of SciencesShenyang 110016LiaoningChina

The effect of dew points(-50,-l0 and+10℃)on the galvanizing properties of a high-manganese twinning-inducedplasticity(TWIP)steel was *** electron microscopy(SEM),glow discharge optical emission spectrometry(GDOES)and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy(XPS)were used for microscopic observation and qualitative analysis of the interfacial layer between the steel surface and the zinc layer after hot-dip *** analysis results show thatthree diffcrent morphologies of metallic oxides are formed on the interfacial layer under the different dew *** results show that Al is present in the molten zinc,reacting with Fe on the steel surface to form Fe2Al5,which can increasethe galvanizing *** results show that the valence states of Mn in the interfacial alloy layer are Mn'*and Mn*+,and the valence stales of Fe are Fe^0,Fe^2+and Fe^3+.The experimental results show that the hot-dip galvanizing performanceis the best at-10℃ and the formation of Mn and Fe intermetallic oxides has a bad effect on hot-dip galvanizing behaviorof the high-manganese TWIP *** types of the formed surface oxides(MnO,Mn3O4,Mn2O3,FeO3,and Fe2MnO4)onthe surface of the steel sheet are *** can obtain the best hot-dip galvanizing performance of the high-manganese TWIP steel by controlling the dew point from-10 to-5℃.

关键词： High-manganese twinning-induced plasticity steel-Hot-dip galvanizing Dew point-Glow discharge optical emission spectrometry X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy Surface oxide

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Roadside dust contamination with toxic metals along industrial area in Islamabad, Pakistan

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Nuclear Science and Techniques 2014年第3期25卷 8-13页

作者： Waheed Akram Morgan Madhuku Kashif shahzad Ali Awais Ishfaq Ahmad Muhammad Arif Ishaq Ahmad National Center for Physics IslamabadPakistan iThemba LABS Private Bag X11Wits 2050JohannesburgSouth Africa

An investigation has been carried out to understand the contamination characteristics of roadside dust in the industrial area of Islamabad, Pakistan. The amounts of Si, S, Cl, K, Ca, Sc, Ti, V, Cr, Mn, Fe, Co, Ni, Cu, Pb,Zn, Ga, As, Se and Cd were determined from 95 roadside dust samples collected along the Islamabad industrial area using Proton Induced X-ray Emission(PIXE). The results indicated that concentrations of all elements,except Cd, in the roadside dust were significant. The results of the enrichment factor show that the elementary composition of the roadside dust could be categorized as soil elements from the crust of the earth and elements from anthropogenic pollution. The high enrichment factors imply that elements such Cr, Cu, Pb, Zn, As, Se,Cd, Ni, Co and S came from anthropogenic activities. The source of metal contamination was identified using multivariate statistical analysis. It has been concluded that Ca, Sc, Ti, V, Mn and Fe mainly originate from crustal sources; Cr, Cu, Ni, Pb, Zn and Ga are associated with point-sources from industrial pollution/traffic;and S, Cl, K, As and Se are mainly related to oil/coal combustion.

关键词：伊斯兰堡灰尘污染巴基斯坦工业区有毒金属土壤元素多元统计分析 X射线发射

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Radiative properties of matter based on quantum statistical method

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Chinese Physics B 2017年第7期26卷 234-243页

作者： Rukhsana Kouser G Tasneem Muhammad Saleem shahzad S Sardar Amjad Ali M H Nasim M Salahuddin Department of Physics and Applied Mathematics Pakistan Institute of Engineering and Applied Sciences Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale and Department of Modern Physics University of Science and Technology of China

We present the preliminary results of our code OPAQS（opacity calculation using quantum statistical model） that is based on the self consistent Hartree-Fock-Slater model for the average atom. The code is capable of performing robust calculations of average charge state, frequency-dependent and mean opacities. The accuracy of the atomic model is verified by comparing the calculations of average charge state with various published results. The monochromatic opacities for iron computed at different sets of temperatures and densities are compared with LEDCOP. The Rosseland and Planck opacities for iron and aluminum are validated with some state-of-the-art codes. The results are in good agreement with the published data.

关键词： self-consistent average atom model average ionization state Rosseland opacity Planck opacity

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Prevalence of plasmid mediated bla_(TEM-1) and bla_(CTX-M-15) type extended spectrum beta-lactamases in patients with sepsis

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Medicine 2012年第2期5卷 98-102页

作者： shahzad F Haque Saeedut-Z Ali Mohammed TP Asad U Khan Department of Medicine J.N.Medical CollegeAligarhIndia Interdisciplinary Biotechnology Unit AMUAligarh Muslim UniversityAligarhIndia Department of Medicine J.N.Medical College.AligarhIndia

Objective:To characterize the bacterial pathogens in patients having gram negative septicaemia. Further,to evaluate the antimicrobial resistance and underlying molecular mechanisms in these ***:A total number of 70 cases of gram negative sepsis were included in this prospective,open labeled,observational *** methods for isolation and identification of bacteria were *** susceptibility and ESBL testing was performed by the standard disc diffusion *** amplification was performed to identify blaCTX-M,blaSHVand blaTEM type *** experiments were performed to show resistant marker transfer. Results:The most prevalent isolates Escherichia coli（***） 58.6%,Klebsiella Spp.32.9%and Pseudomonas 8.6%,were resistant to most of the antimicrobials including cefazolin,ceftriaxone, cefuroxime,ampicillin and co-trimoxazole but sensitive to imipenem and *** and MBL production was seen 7.3%and 12.2%of *** isolates *** isoaltes were found to have blaCTX-M-15 and two of them also showed blaTEM-1 type ***, none of them showed blaSHV.Conjugation experiments using J-53 cells confirmed these resistant markers as plasmid ***:This work highlights the molecular epidemiology of escalating antimicrobial resistance and likely switch over of blaCTX-M-15 type extended spectrum beta-lactamases by blaTEM type ESBLs in ***,the antimicrobial resistance by horizontal gene transfer was predominant among Enterobacteraceae in the community setting.

关键词： Gram negative sepsis ESBL Antimicrobial resistance

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Structural and dielectric properties of doped ferrite nanomaterials suitable for microwave and biomedical applications

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Progress in Natural Science:Materials International 2015年第5期25卷 419-424页

作者： Imran Sadiq shahzad Naseem Muhammad Naeem Ashiq M.A.Khan Shanawer Niaz M.U.Rana Centre of Excellence in Solid State Physics University of the Punjab Institute of Chemical Sciences Bahauddin Zakariya University Department of Physics BUITEMS 4. Department of Physics University of Sargodha

The sol-gel auto-combustion method was adopted to synthesize nanomaterials of single-phase X-type hexagonal ferrites with the composition of Sr;Gd;Ni;Fe;Cd;O;（x=0.00,0.02,0.04,0.06,0.08,0.10 and y = 0,0.1,0.2,0.3,0.4,0.5）.The structural properties were carried out by XRD analysis and the lattice parameters show variation with the doping of *** average particle size measured by TEM was in the range of 8-10 nm which is beneficial in obtaining suitable signal-to-noise ratio in recording media and biomedical *** room temperature resistivity enhanced with the increase of the dopant *** increase in resistivity indicates that the synthesized materials can be considered good for the formation of the multilayer chip inductors（MLCIs） as well as for the reduction of eddy current *** dielectric constant decreased with the increase in the frequency which is the general reported trend of the hexagonal ferrites and can be explained on the basis of Koop’s theory and Maxwell-Wagner *** abnormal dielectric behavior indicates the formation of small polarons in the *** maximum value of tangent loss at low frequencies reflects the application of these materials in medium frequency devices（MF）.

关键词： Sol–gel Nanocrystalline materials Thermal properties Electrical properties Dielectric properties

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Optimized Predictive Framework for Healthcare Through Deep Learning

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2021年第5期67卷 2463-2480页

作者： Yasir shahzad Huma Javed Haleem Farman Jamil Ahmad Bilal Jan Abdelmohsen A.Nassani Department of Computer Science University of PeshawarPeshawar25120Pakistan Department of Computer Science Islamia College PeshawarPeshawar25120Pakistan Department of Computer Science FATA UniversityKohat26100Pakistan Department of Management College of Business AdministrationKing Saud UniversityRiyadhSaudi Arabia

Smart healthcare integrates an advanced wave of information technology using smart devices to collect health-related medical science *** data usually exist in unstructured,noisy,incomplete,and heterogeneous *** these limitations remains an open challenge in deep learning to classify health *** this paper,a long short-term memory(LSTM)based health condition prediction framework is proposed to rectify imbalanced and noisy data and transform it into a useful form to predict accurate health *** imbalanced and scarce data is normalized through coding to gain consistency for accurate results using synthetic minority oversampling *** proposed model is optimized and ne-tuned in an end to end manner to select ideal parameters using tree parzen estimator to build a probabilistic *** patient’s medication is pigeonholed to plot the diabetic condition’s risk factor through an algorithm to classify blood glucose metrics using a modern surveillance error grid *** proposed model can efciently train,validate,and test noisy data by obtaining consistent results around 90%over the state of the art machine and deep learning techniques and overcoming the insufciency in training data through transfer *** overall results of the proposed model are further tested with secondary datasets to verify model sustainability.

关键词： Recurrent neural network long short-term memory deep learning Bayesian optimization surveillance error grid hyperparameter

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Evaluation of state and community/private forests in Punjab, Pakistan using geospatial data and related techniques

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Forest Ecosystems 2015年第2期2卷 155-167页

作者： Naeem shahzad Urooj Saeed Hammad Gilani Sajid Rashid Ahmad Irfan Ashraf Syed Muhammad Irteza World Wide Fund for Nature (WWF) Institute of Geology University of the Punjab International Centre for Integrated Mountain Development (ICIMOD) Department of Land Surveying and Geo-Informatics Hong Kong Polytechnic University

Background： Forests are fundamental in maintaining water supplies, providing economic goods, mitigating climate change, and maintaining biodiversity, thus providing many of the world＇s poorest with income, food and medicine. Too often, forested lands are treated as ＂wastelands＂ or ＂free＂ and are easily cleared for agricultural and infrastructure expansion. Methods： In this paper, the sustainability of two forest ecosystems （state and community/private owned） was evaluated using SPOT-5 satellite images of 2005 and 2011. This study was conducted in a sub-watershed area covering 468 km2, of which 201 km2 is managed by the state and 267 km2 by community/private ownership in the Murree Galliat region of Punjab Province of Pakistan. A participatory approach was adopted for the delineation and demarcation of forest boundaries. The Geographic Object-Based Image Analysis （GEOBIA） technique was used for identification and mapping of ten Land Cover （LC） features. Results： The results show that between the years 2005 to 2011, a total of 55 km2 （24 km2 in state-owned forest and 31 km2 in community/private forest） was converted from forest to non-forest. The conclusion is that conservation is more effective in state-owned forests than in the community/private forests. Conclusions： These findings may help to mobilize community awareness and identify effective initiatives for improved management of community/private forest land for other regions of Pakistan.

关键词： Forest management SPOT-5 satellite images State and community/private owned forests Murree Galliat Pakistan

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A New Class of L-Moments Based Calibration Variance Estimators

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2021年第3期66卷 3013-3028页

作者： Usman shahzad Ishfaq Ahmad Ibrahim Mufrah Almanjahie Nadia H.Al Noor Muhammad Hanif Department of Mathematics and Statistics International Islamic UniversityIslamabad46000Pakistan Department of Mathematics and Statistics PMAS-Arid Agriculture UniversityRawalpindi46300Pakistan Department of Mathematics King Khalid UniversityAbha62529Saudi Arabia Statistical Research and Studies Support Unit King Khalid UniversityAbha62529Saudi Arabia Department of Mathematics College of ScienceMustansiriyah UniversityBaghdad10011Iraq

Variance is one of themost important measures of descriptive statistics and commonly used for statistical *** traditional second-order central moment based variance estimation is a widely utilized ***,traditional variance estimator is highly affected in the presence of extreme *** this paper initially,proposes two classes of calibration estimators based on an adaptation of the estimators recently proposed by Koyuncu and then presents a new class of L-Moments based calibration variance estimators utilizing L-Moments characteristics(L-location,Lscale,L-CV)and auxiliary *** is demonstrated that the proposed L-Moments based calibration variance estimators are more efficient than adapted *** data is considered for assessing the performance of the proposed *** also demonstrated an application related to apple fruit for purposes of the *** artificial and real data sets,percentage relative efficiency(PRE)of the proposed class of estimators with respect to adapted ones are *** PRE results indicate to the superiority of the proposed class over adapted ones in the presence of extreme *** this manner,the proposed class of estimators could be applied over an expansive range of survey sampling whenever auxiliary information is available in the presence of extreme values.

关键词： L-moments variance estimation calibration approach stratified random sampling

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Hydrodynamics and Sensitivity Analysis of a Williamson Fluid in Porous-Walled Wavy Channel

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2021年第9期68卷 3877-3893页

作者： A.shahzad W.A.Khan R.Gul B.Dayyan M.Zubair Department of Mathematics COMSATS University IslamabadAbbottabad Campus22060Pakistan Department of Mechanical Engineering College of Engineering Prince Mohammad Bin Fahd UniversityAl Khobar31952Kingdom of Saudi Arabia

In this work,a steady,incompressible Williamson fluid model is investigated in a porous wavy *** situation arises in the reabsorption of useful substances from the glomerular filtrate in the *** 80%reabsorption,urine is left,which behaves like a thinning *** laws of conservation of mass and momentum are used to model the physical *** analytical solution of the problem in terms of stream function is obtained by a regular perturbation expansion *** asymptotic integration method for small wave amplitudes and the RK-Fehlberg method for pressure distribution has been used inside the *** is demonstrated that the forward flow becomes fast in the narrow region(at x=0.75),which dominates the upward flow inside the *** study the impact of model parameters on outputs,we applied normalized local sensitivity analysis and noticed that the most influential parameter for the longitudinal velocity profile is the dimensionless wave *** reabsorption parameter is sensitive for transverse velocity in the narrow region,and the Weissenberg number has a strong effect on the pressure inside the ***,the least sensitive parameters for the velocity components and pressure have been identified.

关键词： Sensitivity analysis Williamson fluid regular perturbation method asymptotic approximation RK-Fehlberg method kidney flow

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