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Clinical correlations between chronic hepatitis C infection and decreasing bone mass density after treatment with interferon-alpha

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Biomedicine 2017年第2期7卷 161-165页

作者： Vahid Babaei Masoud Ghorbani Nastaran Mohseni Hojjat Afraid Yassaman Saghaei shahram Teimourian Department of Medical Genetics Iran University of Medical SciencesTehranIran Department of Research and Development Research and Production ComplexPasteur Institute of IranKarajIran Biotechnology Research Center Biotechnology DepartmentVenom&Biotherapeutics Molecules LaboratoryPasteur Institute of IranTehranIran Iranian Blood Transfusion Organization TehranIran

Objective: To compare the bone mass density in chronic hepatitis patients before and after interferon-a ***: A total of 70 patients with chronic hepatitis C were treated with interferon-a and were evaluated. The treatment dosage was three million IU three times a week for one year. All the patients underwent bone mass density detection at lumbar spine and femoral neck before and after the interferon-a treatment. All the necessary information such as age,sex, and laboratory test, history of occurrence of fractures, lifestyle, and menopause status was collected by interviewers face-to-face from participants at the research visit. Smoking was categorized by whether participants were nonsmokers or smokers. Menopause was designated if there had been complete cessation of menses for more than 12 months. All statistical analyses were performed by SPSS version 14(SPSS, Inc., Chicago, IL, USA).Results: Among 70 patients, 52% were male, 48% were female and the mean age was(57.0 ± 9.6) years(range: 24–79). Twenty-nine percent of the patients had a history of smoking. The mean body mass index was(24.4 ± 3.6) kg/m^2(range: 18.4–35.3). Of the70 cases, 21 had high fibrosis-4. The prevalence of overall fracture history was 2.9%(two patients).Conclusions: Chronic hepatitis C virus infection did increase the risk of development of metabolic bone disease in this cohort. Indeed, greater reduction of bone mass density occurs in advanced liver fibrosis. The bone loss in earlier stages of chronic hepatitis C infection is likely to result from increased bone reduction rather than decreased bone formation. Overall, these observations suggest an important role for chronic hepatitis C virus infection in increased bone turnover in osteodystrophy pathogenesis.

关键词： Hepatitis C Interferon alpha Bone mass density Liver fibrosis Bone mass loss

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An increase in heart rate variability can be an index for end point of resuscitation in trauma patients

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Chinese Journal of Traumatology 2019年第3期22卷 134-137页

作者： Ali Foroutan shahram Paydar Seyyed Taghi Heydari Leila Mohammadi Farnaz Rahbar Burn and Wound Healing Research Center Shiraz University of Medical SciencesShirazIran Department of Surgery Shiraz University of Medical SciencesShirazIran Health Policy Research Center Institute of HealthShiraz University of Medical SciencesShirazIran

Purpose: The measurement of heart rate variability (HRV) is a non-invasive method to analyze the balance of the autonomic nervous system. The aim of this study was to compare the changes of HRV and base deficit (BD) during the treatment of trauma patients. Methods: Forty-three trauma patients with a low injury severity scores (ISS < 24) and negative base excess on admission were included in this study. Based on the BD changes, patients were divided into three groups:‘end pointed’ group (n =13), patients' BDs instantly cleared after primary hydration;‘needs further resuscitation’ group (n=21), patients' BDs did not reach the end point and thus required further hydration or packed red blood cells transfusion;and ‘hydration minimal change’ group (n=9), patients' BDs lower than 2.5 mmol/L at the onset of admission and thereafter had minimal change (near normal range). The changes in HRV during fluid resuscitation were detected and compared to BD changes in their arterial blood gases. All data were analysed using the SPSS software Version 15.0. Repeated measures ANOVA was used to determine the changes in HRV, heart rate, blood pressure, and BD among groups. Results: A significant reverse correlation was found between the BD ratio and the HRV ratio (r=0.562;p= 0.01). The HRV of patients with aggravated BDs after fluid resuscitation was decreased. There was an increase in HRV at the time of BD clearance. A decrease in HRV after primary crystalloid hydration bore a significant connection with the need for an ICU (p = 0.021) and transfusion of packed red blood cells (p < 0.001). Conclusion: Increase in HRV may be a new non-invasive index for the end point of resuscitation in trauma patients.

关键词： Heart rate variability Trauma End point of resuscitation Shock

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Informational Entropy as a Source of Life’s Origin

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Journal of Modern Physics 2019年第13期10卷 1498-1504页

作者： shahram Yazdani Department of Pediatrics David Geffen School of Medicine at University of California Los Angeles CA USA

While the second law of thermodynamics suggests that our universe is driven by the tendency towards disorder, living organisms seem to exempt themselves by creating physiologic complexity. Since genetic material is life’s blueprint, better understanding of the origins of life is predicated on deciphering the conditions that allowed the formation of this complex molecule with its unique properties. In this article, we propose and examine the hypothesis that informational entropy models would allow for the formation of complex organic molecules with genetic properties, without the disruption of the second law of thermodynamics. Therefore, we demonstrate that formation of life’s blueprint may have initially been derived by informational entropy by means of decomplexification of the materials with higher informational entropy content, leading to the formation of primitive genetic molecules.

关键词： Entropy Informational Entropy Genetic Material Second Law of Thermodynamics

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Comparison of exogenous melatonin versus placebo on sleep efficiency in emergency medicine residents working night shifts： A randomized trial

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World Journal of Emergency Medicine 2018年第4期9卷 282-287页

作者： Shcrvin Farahmand Masoume Vafaeian Elnaz Vahidi Atefeh Abdollahi shahram Baghcri-Hariri Ahmad Reza Dehpour Emergency Medicine Department Imam Khomeini Hospital Tehran University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran Emergency Medicine Department Shariati Hospital Tehran University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran Emergency Medicine Department Sina Hospital Tehran University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran Department of Pharmacology Tehran University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran

BACKGROUND: Sleep deprivation resulting from night shifts, is a major cause of burnout among physicians. Exogenous melatonin may improve sleep quality in night-shift workers. The study aims to compare the effectiveness of melatonin versus placebo on sleep effi ciency in emergency medicine(EM) residents. METHODS: A randomized, double-blind, replicated crossover trial was performed on EM residents. This study consisted of 4 phases within a month with intervention periods of 2 nights and washouts of 6 days. In our study, EM residents had nine-hour shifts on 6 consecutive days, 2 mornings, 2 evenings and 2 nights and then 2 days off. At the end of shifts' cycle, 24 EM residents were given 3 mg melatonin or placebo(12 in each arm of the study) for 2 consecutive nights after the second night shift with crossover to the other arm after a six-day off drug. This crossover intervention was repeated for two more another time. Finally, we created 48 cases and comparisons in each arm. Different items related to sleep quality were assessed and compared both within the same group and between the two groups. RESULTS: In the melatonin group, daytime sleepiness(calculated by Karolinska Sleep Scale) had a signifi cant reduction after taking the second dose of drug(P=0.003) but the same result was not observed when comparing the 2 groups. Mood status(calculated by Profile of Mood States) showed no remarkable difference between the 2 groups. CONCLUSION: Melatonin might have a limited benefi t on sleep quality in EM residents working night shifts.

关键词：小学英语课外阅读阅读材料

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Calculation of Half-Metal, Debye and Curie Temperatures of Co_2 VAl Compound: First Principles Study

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Communications in Theoretical Physics 2015年第5期63卷 641-647页

作者： Arash Boochani Heidar Khosravi Jabbar Khodadadi shahram Solaymani Masoud Majidiyan Sarmazdeh Rohollah Taghavi Mendi Sayed Mohammad Elahi Department of Physics Kermanshah Branch Islamic Azad University Young Researchers and Elite club Kermanshah Branch Islamic Azad University Department of Physics Payame Noor University Department of Physics Mashhad Branch Islamic Azad University

By FP-LAPW calculations, the structural, elastic, Debye and Curie temperatures, electronic and magnetic properties of Co2 VAl are investigated. The results indicate that Ferromagnetic(FM) phase is more stable than AntiFerromagnetic(AFM) and Non-magnetic(NM) ones. In addition, C11–C12> 0, C44> 0, and B > 0 so Co2 VAl is an elastically stable material with high Debye temperature. Also, the B/G ratio exhibits a ductility behavior. The relatively high Curie temperature provides it as a favorable material for spintronic application. It's electronic and magnetic properties are studied by GGA+U approach leading to a 100% spin polarization at Fermi level.

关键词：第一性原理计算高居里温度半金属化合物原子力显微镜弹性材料反铁磁性温度稳定

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Soft tissue distraction using pentagonal frame for long- standing traumatic flexion deformity of interphalangeal joints

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Chinese Journal of Traumatology 2012年第4期15卷 206-211页

作者： shahram Nazerani Mohammad Reza Keramati Jalal Vahedian Seyed-Mohammad Fereshtehnejad Firoozgar Clinical Research Development Center Tehran University of Medical SciencesTehran ***Iran

ObjectiveInterphalangeal 联合挛缩是手损伤的挑战性的复杂并发症，它减少全部手的功能的能力。在这研究，我们与挛缩版本和部分系带横断和手掌的板 *** 的传统的操作比较没有并行的系带横断或手掌的板移动评估了软织物分心的结果这未... 详细信息

ObjectiveInterphalangeal 联合挛缩是手损伤的挑战性的复杂并发症，它减少全部手的功能的能力。在这研究，我们与挛缩版本和部分系带横断和手掌的板 *** 的传统的操作比较没有并行的系带横断或手掌的板移动评估了软织物分心的结果这未来的研究，在二个相等的组( A 和 B )的 40 个病人的一个总数被学习。受不了磨料的长期的屈曲挛缩的病人创伤的自然被包括。组 A 被软织物分心用五角的框架技术对待，在组 B ，挛缩版本被揭示的手指 *** 数据跟随二之间的重要差别在近似 interphalangeal 关节为运动的范围组织( P 0.05 )。在在组之间的屈曲挛缩的度没有重要差别(P > 0.05 ) 。回归分析证明显著地使用五角的框架技术在近似 interphalangeal 关节的运动的范围增加了吝啬的改进( P < 0.001 )，当时更高，外科手术前的屈曲挛缩在近似 interphalangeal 关节被观察，更低的改进在干预以后在近似 interphalangeal 关节的运动的范围被完成( P < 0.001 )用有渐渐、连续的并行的系带的五角的框架技术的 .ConclusionSoft

关键词：关节运动框架技术软组织前屈曲五边形创伤性畸形运动范围

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Traffic Data： Bluetooth Sensors vs. Crowdsourcing——A Comparative Study to Calculate Travel Time Reliability in Calgary, Alberta, Canada

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Journal of Traffic and Transportation Engineering 2015年第2期3卷 63-79页

作者： shahram Tahmasseby Transportation Planning The City of Calgary Calgary 2500 Canada

The City of Calgary did a comparative study between two techniques of traffic data collection: Bluetooth sensors and crowdsourcing, for measuring travel time reliability on two goods movement corridors in Calgary, Alberta. To estimate travel time and speed, we used the output of BluFAX sensors, which were operated by monitoring Bluetooth signals at several points along a roadway. On the other hand, TomTom historical traffic data were extracted from the TomTom Traffic Stats portal. To calculate travel time reliability, we applied the buffer index, and the planning time index recommended by FHWA (Federal Highway Administration). The Bluetooth traffic data were presumed as the benchmark in this study. Unlike the TomTom traffic data, the data provided by the Bluetooth technology met the minimum recommended sample size requirement, although data processing was time consuming and impractical for long study periods. Our study results showed that crowdsourcing technique can be a viable alternative and provide travel time reliability estimates with a reasonable accuracy, when there are adequate numbers of records registered. However, the TomTom sample sizes in Calgary were not large enough to provide a statistically reliable method of providing travel time indices. Further researches may verify the accuracy of crowdsourcing technologies for travel time studies.

关键词：交通工程运输工程综合运输运输体制

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A Postmodern Study of Doris Lessing＇s The Golden Notebook in the Light of Jean-Francois Lyotard＇s Ideas

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Sino-US English Teaching 2014年第2期11卷 136-142页

作者： shahram Kiaei Qom Branch Islamic Azad University Qom Iran

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The Affordable Care Act: Disparities in emergency department use for mental health diagnoses in young adults

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World Journal of Emergency Medicine 2017年第3期8卷 206-213页

作者： Justin Yanuck Bryson Hicks Craig Anderson John Billimek shahram Lotfi pour Bharath Chakravarthy Division of Emergency Medicine University of California Division of General Internal Medicine and Department of Family Medicine Irvine School of Medicine

BACKGROUND: There is little consensus as to the effects of insurance expansion on emergency department(ED) utilization for mental health purposes. We aimed to study the race specifi c association between the dependent coverage provision of the Affordable Care Act(ACA) and changes in young adults' usage of emergency department services for psychiatric ***: We utilized a Quasi-Experimental analysis of ED use in California from 2009–2011 for behavioral health diagnoses of individuals aged 19 to 31 years. Analysis used a difference-indifferences approach comparing those targeted by the ACA dependent provision(19–25 years) and those who were not(27 to 31 years), evaluating changes in ED visit rates per 1 000 in California. Primary outcomes measured included the quarterly ED visit rates with any psychiatric diagnosis. Subgroups were analyzed for differences based on race and ***: The ACA dependent provision was associated with 0.05 per 1 000 people fewer psychiatric ED visits among the treatment group(19–25 years) compared to the control group(27–31 years). Hispanics and Asian/Pacific Islanders were the only racial subgroups who did not see this significant reduction and were the only racial subgroups that did not see significant gains in the proportion of psychiatric ED visits covered by private ***: The ACA dependent provision was associated with a modest reduction in the growth rate of ED use for psychiatric reasons, however, racial disparities in the effect of this provision exist for patients of Hispanic and Asian/Pacifi c Islander racial groups.

关键词： Affordable Care Act Mental health Disparities Health Policy

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Effect of fuel additives on agricultural straw pellet quality

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International Journal of Agricultural and Biological Engineering 2014年第2期7卷 92-100页

作者： shahram Emami Lope G.Tabil Phani Adapa Elizabeth George Ashwini Tilay Ajay Dalai Mark Drisdelle Lily Ketabi Department of Plant Science University of Saskatchewan51 Campus DriveSaskatoonSKS7N 5A8Canada Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering University of Saskatchewan57 Campus DriveSaskatoonSK S7N 5A9Canada Global Institute for Water Security University of Saskatchewan11 Innovation BoulevardSaskatoonSK S7N 3H5Canada Evergreen Biofuels Inc. 129 Como GardensHudsonQC J0P 1H0Canada

An investigation was conducted to determine the effect of addition of different levels of AK2,a fuel additive that reduces ash fusion for agricultural biomass,on the physico-chemical properties of biomass *** different biomass straws,barley,oat,and wheat were ground at two hammer mill screen sizes of 0.8 mm and 1.6 *** ground biomass sample was mixed with three levels of AK2,0.05%,0.10%,and 0.15%by mass and also a blank(no AK2)was set aside for *** were made using single-pelleting unit at a pre-set load of 4400 N corresponding to a pressure of 138.9 *** quality of pellets were determined by measuring pellet density,relaxed density,durability,and the specific energy required to make a *** having higher durability values(74%-88%)were obtained from ground straw at hammer screen size of 0.8 mm and AK2 level of 0.15%compared to other ***,hydrogen,nitrogen,and sulfur content of blank pellets and those with 0.15%AK2 at hammer screen size of 0.8 mm were *** made with 0.15%AK2 at hammer screen size of 0.8 mm,manufactured by pilot-scale pellet mill,were gasified and the tar content was *** tar content of pellets with 0.15%AK2 was significantly lower than blank pellets.

关键词： biomass biofuels slag foul pelleting fuel additive

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