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Seasonal Abundance and Diversity of Birds of Prey and Owls in Al Wathba Wetland Reserve in Abu Dhabi, UAE

Open Journal of Ecology 2024年第3期14卷 228-244页

作者： Shakeel ahmed Salim Jáved shahid B. Khan Eissa Al Hammadi Abdullah Al Hammadi Nouf Sameer Alqadi Environment Agency-Abu Dhabi Abu Dhabi United Arab Emirates

Inland wetlands in Abu Dhabi Emirate are wintering and stopover sites for migratory birds of prey. We conducted long-term regular monitoring surveys in Al Wathba Wetland Reserve (AWWR) from January 1995 to December 2022. Both diurnal and occasionally nocturnal surveys were undertaken to record the migratory raptors and owls in the Wetland Reserve. During the study, a total of 1282 regular monitoring visits were undertaken and 27 species of diurnal raptors and owls representing five families and three orders were detected. These represent 57% of the total species of birds of prey recorded in the UAE. Overall, 63% of all the species that we observed were Accipitriformes followed by 26% Falconiformes and 11% Strigiformes. We found that changes in mean daily temperature have a positive effect on raptor species diversity and abundance in the Wetland Reserve. The species encounter rate was higher in low temperature as compared to high temperature and overall regression equation was statistically significant F (4, 1126) = 8.49), p = 0.00). However, the numbers of raptors did not vary significantly across the years (p = 0.51). Western Marsh-harrier (Circus aeruginosus) and Greater Spotted Eagle (Clanga clanga) were recorded to be the most abundant species in the wetland reserve followed by Common Kestrel (Falco tinnunculus). However, the encounter rate of globally threatened Greater Spotted Eagle was detected to have significantly decreased since 2016. Moreover, 63% of the species detected were uncommon and rarely recorded such as 1) Saker Falcon 2) Lanner Falcon 3) Long-eared Owl & Merlin, which were the rare records from the wetland reserve. Furthermore, 27 years of regular monitoring in the wetland have yielded diverse diurnal raptors and owl fauna (H) = 0.83, (E) = 1.43 (Shannon Diversity Index). The results demonstrate that long-term monitoring surveys in arid environments are essential to determine the trends in the raptor populations and to document rare and globally

关键词： Wetland Reserve Raptors Abundance Diversity Abu Dhabi Inland Wetland AWWR Greater Spotted Eagle

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油炸糯米糕营养效应评价及其对血脂健康的影响

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安徽农业大学学报 2018年第6期45卷 971-976页

作者：丁援园周裔彬王海松 shahid ahmed Junejo 安徽农业大学茶与食品科技学院合肥230036

为研究食用油炸糯米糕的整体营养健康效应及其对血脂健康的影响,自制纯油炸糯米糕和蒸糯米糕,选用健康雄性小白鼠,分别用油炸糯米糕外壳层、中间层、油炸糯米糕全糕及蒸糯米糕进行6周连续灌胃试验,饲料、葡萄糖作为对照组。采用模拟BDI... 详细信息

为研究食用油炸糯米糕的整体营养健康效应及其对血脂健康的影响,自制纯油炸糯米糕和蒸糯米糕,选用健康雄性小白鼠,分别用油炸糯米糕外壳层、中间层、油炸糯米糕全糕及蒸糯米糕进行6周连续灌胃试验,饲料、葡萄糖作为对照组。采用模拟BDI-GS体系评价法进行营养效价、健康效应评定及试剂盒法对小鼠血脂指标测定,并计算相应指标数据,做图对比分析。结果表明,外壳层组平均日采食量为(5.70±0.56)g,其余各组为6.80g左右,食用油炸外壳层组的小鼠采食量及体重显著下降;营养健康方面,油炸糯米糕和蒸糯米糕相比无显著差异,各试验样品的累加积分均大于8.0,基本益于机体整体营养和健康;血脂方面,油炸糯米糕全糕会提高小鼠血脂中总胆固醇(TC)和低密度脂蛋白胆固醇(LDL-C)含量,油炸糯米糕外壳层会提高总胆固醇(TC)、甘油三酯(TG)和低密度脂蛋白胆固醇(LDL-C)含量。

关键词：油炸糯米糕营养效应血脂

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Algebraic Characterization of SSC of Uni-Cyclic Multigraphs

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代数集刊:英文版 2023年第2期30卷 325-338页

作者： Imran ahmed shahid Muhmood Department of Mathematics COMSATS University Islamabad Lahore CampusLahorePakistan

We introduce first the spanning simplicial complex(SSC)of a multigraph g,which gives a generalization of the SSC associated with a simple graph *** properties are discussed for the SSC of a family of uni-cyclic multigraphs U_(n)^(r),m with n edges including r multiple edges within and outside the cycle of length m,which are then used to compute the f-vector and Hilbert series of face ring k[△s(U_(n)^(r),m)]for the SSC △s(U_(n)^(r),m)(un,m).Moreover,we find the associated primes of the facet ideal I_(F)(△s(U_(n)^(r),m).Finally,we device a formula for homology groups of △s(U_(n)^(r),m) prove that the SsC of a family of uni-cyclic multigraphs is Cohen-Macaulay.

关键词： simplicial complexes spanning trees Hilbert series vertex covers Betti numbers

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Total Fragmentation Cross Section of 158A GeV Lead Projectiles in Cu Target

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Chinese Physics Letters 2008年第9期25卷 3208-3211页

作者： Mukhtar ahmed Rana shahid Manzoor Physics Division Directorate of Science PINSTECH PO Nilore Islamabad Pakistan

Total fragmentation cross section for the reaction 158A Pb ions ＋ Cu target is measured using the most sensitive track detector CR-39. Measured values are compared with calculations. Exposures of target-detector stack with 158A P5 projectiles are made at CERN-SPS beam facility. Results of calibration of CR-39 detector in a charge region （63 ≤ Z ≤ 83） are also reported, which can be used for high energy particle identification using CR-39 and in determination of partial charge changing cross sections. The charge resolution δz achieved by this technique is about 0.2e. A systematic dependence of total fragmentation cross section on target properties is revealed and the corresponding results are presented.

关键词： the power-law exponents precipitation durative abrupt precipitation change

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A Framework for e-Voting System Based on Blockchain and Distributed Ledger Technologies

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2022年第7期72卷 417-440页

作者： shahid Hussain Danwar Javed ahmed Mahar Aneela Kiran Institute of Computer Science Shah Abdul Latif UniversityKhairpur66020SindhPakistan

Election allows the voter of a country to select the most suitable group of candidates to run the *** in Pakistan is simply paper-based method but some certain political and socio-economic issues turn that simple process in complicated and disputes *** of such problems are consisting of many methods including the e-voting *** e-voting system facilitates the voters to cast their votes by electronic means with very easy and convenient *** also allows maintaining the security and secrecy of the voter along with election *** voting reduces the human-involvement throughout the process from start to the *** system is not established yet in ***,every election is disputed *** this paper we proposed the framework of an e-voting system and simulation with the use of blockchain ledger *** proposed framework owns the capacity to deal with ballots in *** novelty of the framework is that the e-voting system is linked to National Database and Registration Authority(NADRA)database which assures voter’s *** fundamental requirements were kept in consideration during the performance evaluation of the *** results are processed and depicted specially with reference to the number of voters and voting stations,real time of vote casting,network bandwidth and controlling *** results support the decision makers and guide them in the foundation and customization of an e-voting system in Pakistan.

关键词： Simulation modeling e-voting system blockchain technology distributed ledger

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Comparison of DSHA-based response spectrum with design response spectrum of building code of Pakistan(BCP-SP-2007)for a site in Muzaffargarh area,Pakistan

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Earthquake Science 2022年第4期35卷 280-292页

作者： Naseer ahmed shahid Ghazi Institute of Geology University of PunjabLahore 54000Pakistan Centre for Geographic Information System University of PunjabLahore 54000Pakistan

The building code of any country is considered to be a basic technical guidance document for the seismic design of ***,building codes are typically developed for the whole country,without considering site specific models that incorporate detailed site-specific ***,the adequacy of the design spectrum for building codes may sometimes be *** study the sufficiency of the building codes of Pakistan(BCP-SP-2007),a deterministic seismic hazard analysis(DSHA)based spectrum was developed for a site in the Muzaffargarh area,Pakistan,using an updated earthquake catalogue,seismic source model,and a next generation attenuation model(NGA-WEST-2).Further,an International Building Code(IBC-2000)spectrum was developed for the study area to compare the *** DSHA-based response spectrum resulted in a peak ground acceleration(PGA)value of 0.21 g for the Chaudwan *** evaluation of BCP-SP-2007 and IBC-2000 spectra provided a critical assessment for analyzing the associated margins.A comparison with the DSHA-based response spectrum showed that the BCP-SP-2007 design spectrum mostly overlapped with the DSHA spectrum unlike ***,special attention is needed for designing buildings in the study area when considering earthquake periods longer than 1 s,and the BCP-SP-2007 spectrum can be enhanced when considering a period range of 0.12-0.64 ***,BCP-SP-2007 is based on a probabilistic approach and its comparison with deterministic results showed the significance of both methods in terms of design.

关键词： deterministic seismic hazard analysis earthquakes probabilistic seismic hazard analysis building code response spectrum

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Use of Scrapped Rubber Tires for Sustainable Construction of Manhole Covers

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Journal of Renewable Materials 2021年第5期9卷 1013-1029页

作者： Sadaqat Ullah Khan Afzal ahmed Sajjad Ali Ayesha Ayub ahmed Shuja Muhammad Ahsan shahid Department of Urban and Infrastructure Engineering NED University of Engineering and TechnologyKarachi75270Pakistan Department of Civil Engineering NED University of Engineering and TechnologyKarachi75270Pakistan

Scrapped tires from vehicles are produced in large quantities. Despite numerous existing uses of scrapped tires, alarge quantity ends up at the landfill sites, which contributes to environmental degradation. The development ofmore applications of scrapped tire usage can reduce the disposal of tires at landfill sites. This research proposes anovel use of scrapped tires by using the strips taken from scrapped tires in replacement of steel bars as reinforcement. Manhole covers were produced using scrapped tires by completely replacing the steel with scrapped *** different samples of manhole covers were prepared and tested. The highest bearing capacity of 25.5 kN wasrecorded with a sample of 100 mm thickness made with cementitious composite, which is 2.25 times higher thanthe bearing capacity of a conventional reinforced-concrete manhole cover. The use of manhole covers made withscrapped tires can effectively address the theft issue of manhole covers. The lifecycle cost analysis shows that themanhole cover made with scrapped tires is 3.4 times more cost-effective in comparison with the conventionalmanhole cover. This research shows a new avenue of the potential use of scrapped tires as reinforcement in structures, which can improve sustainable construction practices.

关键词： Scrapped tires sustainability manhole cover waste management recycling

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Vegetation-environment relationships in the forests of Chitral district Hindukush range of Pakistan

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Journal of Forestry Research 2013年第2期24卷 205-216页

作者： Nasrullah Khan Syed shahid Shaukat Moinuddin ahmed Muhammad Faheem Siddiqui Department of Botany University of Malakand Dept. of Botany University of Karachi Laboratory of Dendrochronology and Plant Ecology Department of Botany Federal Urdu University of Arts Science and Technology

We investigated the composition of plant communities to quantify their relationships with environmental parameters in the Chitral Hindukush range of Pakistan. We sampled tree vegetation using the Point Centered Quarter （PCQ） method while understory vegetation was sampled in 1.5-m circular quadrats. Cedrus deodara is the national symbol of Pakistan and was dominant in the sampled communities. Because environmental variables determine vegetation types, we analyzed and evaluated edaphic and topographic factors. DCA-Ordination showed the major gradient as an amalgam of elevation （p〈0.05） and slope （p〈0.01） as the topographic factors correlated with species distribution. Soil variables were the factors of environmental significance along DCA axes. However, among these factors, Mg2＋ , K ＋ and N2＋ contributed not more than 0.054% 0.20% and 0.073%, respectively, to variation along the first ordination axis. We conclude that the principal reason for weak or no correlation with many edaphic variables was the anthropogenic disturbance of vegetation. The understory vegetation was composed of perennial herbs in most communities and was most dense under the tree canopy. The understory vegetation strongly regulates tree seedling growth and regeneration patterns. We recommend further study of the understory vegetation using permanent plots to aid development of forest regeneration strategies.

关键词： environmental relationship multivariate analysis cluster analysis ordination anthropogenic factors forest, Hindukush range

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Population structure,age and growth rates of conifer species and their relation to environmental variables at Malam Jabba,Swat District,Pakistan

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Journal of Forestry Research 2020年第2期31卷 429-441页

作者： Arsalan Muhammad Faheem Siddiqui Moinuddin ahmed Syed shahid Shaukat Alamdar Hussain Department of Botany University of KarachiKarachi 75270Pakistan Dr.Moinuddin ahmed Laboratory of Plant Ecology and Dendrochronology Department of BotanyFederal Urdu UniversityKarachiPakistan Institute of Environmental Studies University of KarachiKarachiPakistan Department of Botany Karakoram International UniversityGilgitGilgit-BaltistanPakistan

This study focuses on age,growth rate and diameter distribution of pine forests in the Malam Jabba area,Swat District,*** core samples were taken from twenty *** smithiana was the oldest at 234 years with a 112-cm *** pindrow was 125 years with an 80-cm diameter while the oldest Pinus wallichiana was 122 years with 75-cm *** fastest overall growth rate of 1.5±0.1 year/cm was for *** on a west-facing aspect,while the slowest 5.8±2.6 year/cm growth was *** on an eastfacing *** and *** exhibited marked differences in growth rates over a 5-year *** highest growth was by *** from 1966 to *** showed less growth over the same years,such pattern simultaneously reverse from 1911 to *** relationship between diameter and age,diameter and growth rate and age and growth rate were *** and *** ages were correlated with diameter and growth *** age was positive correlated with ***,topographic and edaphic factors did not show significant correlations with growth rates,although some appreciable correlations were *** growth of *** was correlated with elevation while *** was correlated with maximum water retaining *** and age produced uneven size classes and many size gaps,which could be the result of anthropogenic disturbances.

关键词： Dendrochronology Environmental variables Conifer species Forest structure Age classes

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Fission of Weakly Prolate 119Sn and Weakly Oblate ^(209)Bi Nuclei Induced by 500 and 672 MeV Negative Pions

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Chinese Physics Letters 2011年第9期28卷 88-91页

作者： Mukhtar ahmed Rana Gul Sher shahid Manzoor M.I.Shahzad Physics Division Pakistan Institute of Nuclear Science and Technology(PINSTECH)P.O.NiloreIslamabadPakistan

Fission cross-sections of ^(119)Sn and ^(209)Bi induced by negative pions of two energies 500 and 672 MeV were measured using a CR−39 nuclear track ***-detector stacks were exposed to pion beams at the Brookhaven National Laboratory(USA).Measurement results are compared with the corresponding calculations using the computer code *** between measurements and calculations is fairly good for the ^(209)Bi target nuclei whereas it is poor for 119Sn at both investigated energies of 500 and 672 *** cross−section results of^( 119)Sn and ^(209)Bi are explained using the equilibrium properties of these nuclides including nuclear electric quadrupole moments which determine the shapes of nuclei.A logarithmic dependence of fission cross−section on Z^(2)/A is observed for the above−mentioned reactions and a critical limit of Z^(2)/A is identified with the value of 30 which divides the curve ofσf versus Z2/A into two regimes,one with weak dependence and the other with strong dependence.

关键词： Weakly mentioned limit

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