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Seasonal Abundance and Diversity of Birds of Prey and Owls in Al Wathba Wetland Reserve in Abu Dhabi, UAE

Open Journal of Ecology 2024年第3期14卷 228-244页

作者： Shakeel Ahmed Salim Jáved shahid B. Khan Eissa Al Hammadi Abdullah Al Hammadi Nouf Sameer Alqadi Environment Agency-Abu Dhabi Abu Dhabi United Arab Emirates

Inland wetlands in Abu Dhabi Emirate are wintering and stopover sites for migratory birds of prey. We conducted long-term regular monitoring surveys in Al Wathba Wetland Reserve (AWWR) from January 1995 to December 2022. Both diurnal and occasionally nocturnal surveys were undertaken to record the migratory raptors and owls in the Wetland Reserve. During the study, a total of 1282 regular monitoring visits were undertaken and 27 species of diurnal raptors and owls representing five families and three orders were detected. These represent 57% of the total species of birds of prey recorded in the UAE. Overall, 63% of all the species that we observed were Accipitriformes followed by 26% Falconiformes and 11% Strigiformes. We found that changes in mean daily temperature have a positive effect on raptor species diversity and abundance in the Wetland Reserve. The species encounter rate was higher in low temperature as compared to high temperature and overall regression equation was statistically significant F (4, 1126) = 8.49), p = 0.00). However, the numbers of raptors did not vary significantly across the years (p = 0.51). Western Marsh-harrier (Circus aeruginosus) and Greater Spotted Eagle (Clanga clanga) were recorded to be the most abundant species in the wetland reserve followed by Common Kestrel (Falco tinnunculus). However, the encounter rate of globally threatened Greater Spotted Eagle was detected to have significantly decreased since 2016. Moreover, 63% of the species detected were uncommon and rarely recorded such as 1) Saker Falcon 2) Lanner Falcon 3) Long-eared Owl & Merlin, which were the rare records from the wetland reserve. Furthermore, 27 years of regular monitoring in the wetland have yielded diverse diurnal raptors and owl fauna (H) = 0.83, (E) = 1.43 (Shannon Diversity Index). The results demonstrate that long-term monitoring surveys in arid environments are essential to determine the trends in the raptor populations and to document rare and globally

关键词： Wetland Reserve Raptors Abundance Diversity Abu Dhabi Inland Wetland AWWR Greater Spotted Eagle

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Partial Fusion (F) Gene Analysis of Newcastle Disease Virus Detected in Pakistan during 2021-2022

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Journal of Biosciences and Medicines 2024年第5期12卷 256-275页

作者： Muhammad Danish mehmood Huma Anwar Ul-Haq Rauf Khalid Yasir Amin Muhammad Usman Ghani Muhammad Ismail Rabia Habib Fareeha Arshed Abdul Rasheed Shaukat Institute of Molecular Biology & Biotechnology University of Lahore Lahore Pakistan Research & Development Division Ottoman Pharma Lahore Pakistan Quality Assurance Department Ottoman Pharma Lahore Pakistan Veterinary Research and Disease Investigation Center Abbottabad Pakistan Quality Control Department Ottoman Pharma Immuno Lahore Pakistan Production Department Ottoman Pharma Lahore Pakistan Poultry Production Department Sabir&#8217s Poultry Pvt. Ltd. Sabroso Pakistan

Newcastle disease (ND) virus is a leading threat to commercial and domestic poultry in Pakistan. The virus infects and constitutes irreversible impairment to the nervous system, damages the respiratory system, and marks severe gastrointestinal lesions leading to heavy mortality in short-living birds and substantial losses in layers and breeders. The continuous emergence and evolution of the virus made it inclined to evade the humoral response and indirectly the circumvention of artificial active immunization. Newcastle disease is caused by the orthoavula genus of the paramyxoviridae family and has shown high genetic diversity even in their genotypes while information regarding enzootic trends of the virus is scanty in Pakistan. A total of 40 tracheal samples of NDV were collected from different commercial broiler farms and 11 isolates of NDV were identified. In the current study, we determined the genetic diversity of the Newcastle disease virus based on the partial sequencing of the fusion protein gene available in the NCBI database. Genetic analysis showed that seven isolates belonged to class I genotype VII and four belonged to class II genotype II. Interestingly, two isolates had epidemiological connections with vaccine-like class II genotype II. Our findings, concerning the recent outbreaks of class I genotype VII and class II genotype II of NDV in vaccinated commercial flocks, suggest possible potential partial mutations in the fusion protein gene. Genetic diversity and formation of the new cleavage site in an important neutralizing protein of wild strain are linked with the potency of artificial active immunization and a major cause of vaccine failure.

关键词： Newcastle Disease Virus Haemagglutination Inhibition Polymerase Chain Reaction Phylogenetic Tree Mutation Analysis

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Decoding molecular mechanisms:brain aging and Alzheimer's disease

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第8期20卷 2279-2299页

作者： Mahnoor Hayat Rafay Ali Syed Hammad Qaiser Mohammad Uzair Khalid Al-Regaiey Roaa Khallaf Lubna Abdullah Mohammed Albassam Imdad Kaleem Xueyi Wang Ran Wang Mehwish SBhatti shahid Bashir Atta-ur-Rahman School of Applied Biosciences(ASAB) National University of Sciences and Technology(NUST)IslamabadPakistan Department of Biotechnology Quaid-i-Azam UniversityIslamabadPakistan Department of Biological Sciences Faculty of Basic&Applied SciencesInternational Islamic University Islamabad(IIUI)IslamabadPakistan Department of Bioengineering King Fahd University of Petroleum and MineralsDhahranSaudi Arabia Department of Physiology College of MedicineKing Saud UniversityRiyadhSaudi Arabia Department of Neurology Neuroscience CenterKing Fahad Specialist HospitalDammamSaudi Arabia Department of Mental Health Neuroscience CenterKing Fahad Specialist HospitalDammamSaudi Arabia Department of Biosciences Commission on Science and Technology for Sustainable Development in the South(COMSATS University)IslamabadPakistan Department of Psychiatry The First Hospital of Hebei Medical UniversityShijiazhuangHebei ProvinceChina Mental Health Institute of Hebei Medical University ShijiazhuangHebei ProvinceChina Department of Neurobiology and Behavior University of CaliforniaIrvineCAUSA Neuroscience Center King Fahad Specialist Hospital DammamDammamSaudi Arabia

The complex morphological,anatomical,physiological,and chemical mechanisms within the aging brain have been the hot topic of research for *** aging process alters the brain structure that affects functions and cognitions,but the worsening of such processes contributes to the pathogenesis of neurodegenerative disorders,such as Alzheimer's *** these observable,mild morphological shifts,significant functional modifications in neurotransmission and neuronal activity critically influence the aging *** these changes is important for maintaining cognitive health,especially given the increasing prevalence of age-related conditions that affect *** review aims to explore the age-induced changes in brain plasticity and molecular processes,differentiating normal aging from the pathogenesis of Alzheimer's disease,thereby providing insights into predicting the risk of dementia,particularly Alzheimer's disease.

关键词： Alzheimer’s disease brain aging cognitive health dementia molecular mechanisms neuronal activity neuroplasticity neurotransmission

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Abundance and Breeding of the Common Skittering Frog(Euphlyctis cyanophlyctis)and Bull Frog(Hoplobatrachus tigerinus)at Rawal Lake,Islamabad,Pakistan

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Asian Herpetological Research 2011年第4期2卷 245-250页

作者： Fozia TABASSUM Muhammad RAIS Maqsood ANWAR Tariq mehmood Iftikhar HUSSAIN shahid ALI KHAN Department of Wildlife Management Pir Mehr Ali Shah Arid Agriculture University

The population density and breeding of two frog species, i. e., the Skittering Frog （Euphlyctis eyanophlyctis） and the Bull Frog （Hoplobatrachus tigerinus） were studied at Rawal Lake, Islamabad, Pakistan, by using visual encounter method from September 2009 to August 2010. Mean population density for the two frogs was 1.55 ± 0.44 frogs per ha, with that for the Skittering Frog being 1.09 ± 0.33 frogs/ha and that of the Bull Frog 0.46 ± 0.11 frog/ha, respectively. It is concluded that both frog species are explosive breeders, i. e., their breeding activities were confined to the first showers of the monsoon season. The mean spawn weight of the Skittering Frog was 1.5 g with more than 1000 eggs in each spawn, while that of the Bull Frog was 0.26 g with less than 1000 eggs in a spawn. The spawning sites of the two species were investigated in detail. Generally, no threat to their populations was observed. However, the opening of the spillway of Rawal Dam following the torrential rain destroyed the breeding sites of the frogs. It is maintained that the event did not produce any significant impact on their populations and breeding as the two species were quite common.

关键词： Ranidae population status breeding habitat destruction

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The outcomes and safety of patients undergoing endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography combining a single-use cholangioscope and a single-use duodenoscope:A multicenter retrospective international study

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Hepatobiliary & Pancreatic Diseases International 2024年第1期23卷 71-76页

作者： Alessandro Fugazza Matteo Colombo Michel Kahaleh V.Raman Muthusamy Bick Benjamin Wim Laleman Carmelo Barbera Carlo Fabbri Jose Nieto Abed Al-Lehibi Mohan Ramchandani Amy Tyberg Haroon shahid Avik Sarkar Dean Ehrlich Stuart Shermand Cecilia Binda Marco Spadaccini Andrea Iannone Kareem Khalaf Nageshwar Reddy Andrea Anderloni Alessandro Repici Division of Gastroenterology and Digestive Endoscopy Humanitas Research Hospital-IRCCSVia Manzoni 5620089RozzanoMilanoItaly Gastroenterology Rutgers Robert Wood JohnsonNew BrunswickNew JerseyUSA Vatche and Tamar Manoukian Division of Digestive Diseases University of CaliforniaLos Angeles School of Medicine at UCLALos AngelesCaliforniaUSA Division of Digestive and Liver Disorders Indiana University School of MedicineIndianapolisINUSA Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology University Hospitals LeuvenKU Leuven3000 LeuvenBelgium U.O.C.di Gastroenterologia ed Endoscopia Digestiva Ospedale Giuseppe MazziniASL TeramoItaly Gastroenterology and Digestive Endoscopy Unit Forlì-Cesena HospitalsAUSL RomagnaForlì-CesenaItaly Borland Groover Clinic JacksonvilleFloridaUSA Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology King Fahad Medical CityRiyadhSaudi Arabia Asian Institute of Gastroenterology HyderabadIndia Section of Gastroenterology Department of Emergency and Organ TransplantationUniversity of BariBari 70124Italy Department of Biomedical Sciences Humanitas UniversityVia Rita Levi Montalcini 420090Pieve EmanueleMilanItaly

Background: Duodenoscope-related multidrug-resistant organism(MDRO) infections raise concerns. Disposable duodenoscopes have been recently introduced in the market and approved by regulatory agencies with the aim to reduce the risk of endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography(ERCP) associated infections. The aim of this study was to evaluate the outcome of procedures performed with single-use duodenoscopes in patients with clinical indications to single-operator cholangiopancreatoscopy. Methods: This is a multicenter international, retrospective study combining all patients who underwent complex biliopancreatic interventions using the combination of a single-use duodenoscope and a single-use cholangioscope. The primary outcome was technical success defined as ERCP completion for the intended clinical indication. Secondary outcomes were procedural duration, rate of cross-over to reusable duodenoscope, operator-reported satisfaction score(1 to 10) on performance rating of the single-use duodenoscope, and adverse event(AE) rate. Results: A total of 66 patients(26, 39.4% female) were included in the study. ERCP was categorized according to ASGE ERCP grading system as 47(71.2%) grade 3 and 19(28.8%) grade 4. The technical success rate was 98.5%(65/66). Procedural duration was 64(interquartile range 15-189) min, cross-over rate to reusable duodenoscope was 1/66(1.5%). The satisfaction score of the single-use duodenoscope classified by the operators was 8.6 ± 1.3 points. Four patients(6.1%) experienced AEs not directly related to the single-use duodenoscope, namely 2 post-ERCP pancreatitis(PEP), 1 cholangitis and 1 ***: Single-use duodenoscope is effective, reliable and safe even in technically challenging procedures with a non-inferiority to reusable duodenoscope, making these devices a viable alternative to standard reusable equipment.

关键词： Single-operator cholangioscopy Single-use duodenoscope Endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography Indeterminate biliary stricture Difficult biliary stones

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Influence of P-enriched compost application on economics and P use efficiency of a maize–wheat rotation system

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The Crop Journal 2018年第6期6卷 651-658页

作者： Abdul Majeed Shahzada Munawar Mehdi Abid Niaz Abid Mahmood Ehsan-Ul-Haq Naeem Ahmad shahid Javid Atif mehmood Sugarcane Research Institute Faisalabad Ayub Agricultural Research InstitutePunjabPakistan Soil Fertility Research Institute LahoreAyub Agricultural Research InstitutePunjabPakistan Institute of Soil Chemistry and Environmental Sciences Ayub Agricultural Research InstitutePunjabPakistan Ayub Agricultural Research Institute PunjabPakistan Provincial Reference Fertilizer Testing Laboratory Raiwind LahorePunjabPakistan Key Laboratory of Clean Utilization Technology for Renewable Energy Ministry of AgricultureCollege of EngineeringChina Agricultural UniversityBeijing 100083China

Crop phosphorus(P) deficiency and poor utilization of added P is a major agricultural problem due to reduced solubility of soil P and rapid fixation or precipitation of applied P fertilizer in alkaline and calcareous soils. The effects of P-enriched compost and single superphosphate(SSP) fertilization on maize and wheat yields and P use efficiency in a maize–wheat rotation system were studied for three years. On a three-year average, grain yields of maize and wheat after application of P-enriched compost were increased by 18% and 24%, respectively, in comparison with sole addition of a recommended dose of SSP fertilizer. P-enriched compost addition to soil increased maize and wheat yields by 12% and 17%, respectively, compared to P fertilizer plus FYM incorporation. Soil available P concentration and P uptake were affected significantly by the addition of P-enriched compost. On average, increases in P recovery, use efficiency, and agronomic efficiency of 52%, 18%, and 43% were recorded in maize and increases of 50%, 23%, and 49% in wheat. P-enriched compost application yielded 30% and 32%higher economic returns in maize and wheat than SSP fertilization alone.

关键词： P-enriched compost Maize Wheat Farmyard manure P-uptake

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Machine Learning Enabled Early Detection of Breast Cancer by Structural Analysis of Mammograms

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2021年第4期67卷 641-657页

作者： Mavra mehmood Ember Ayub Fahad Ahmad Madallah Alruwaili Ziyad AAlrowaili Saad Alanazi Mamoona Humayun Muhammad Rizwan shahid Naseem Tahir Alyas Department of Computer Sciences Kinnaird College for WomenLahore54000Pakistan College of Computer and Information Sciences Jouf UniversitySakakaAljouf72341Saudi Arabia Physics Department College of ScienceJouf UniversitySakakaAljouf72341Saudi Arabia Division of Computer Science&Information Technology University of EducationLahore54000Pakistan Department of Computer Science Lahore Garrison UniversityLahore54000Pakistan Department of Basic Sciences Deanship of Common First YearJouf UniversitySakakaAljouf72341Saudi Arabia

Clinical image processing plays a signicant role in healthcare systems and is currently a widely used *** carcinogenic diseases,time is crucial;thus,an image’s accurate analysis can help treat disease at an early *** carcinoma in situ(DCIS)and lobular carcinoma in situ(LCIS)are common types of malignancies that affect both women and *** number of cases of DCIS and LCIS has increased every year since 2002,while it still takes a considerable amount of time to recommend a controlling *** processing is a powerful technique to analyze preprocessed images to retrieve useful information by using some remarkable processing *** this paper,we used a dataset from the Mammographic Image Analysis Society and MATLAB 2019b software from MathWorks to simulate and extract our *** this proposed study,mammograms are primarily used to diagnose,more precisely,the breast’s tumor *** detection of DCIS and LCIS on breast mammograms is done by preprocessing the images using contrast-limited adaptive histogram *** resulting images’tumor portions are then isolated by a segmentation process,such as threshold ***,morphological operations,such as erosion and dilation,are applied to the images,then a gray-level co-occurrence matrix texture features,Harlick texture features,and shape features are extracted from the regions of *** classication purposes,a support vector machine(SVM)classier is used to categorize normal and abnormal ***,the adaptive neuro-fuzzy inference system is deployed for the amputation of fuzziness due to overlapping features of patterns within the images,and the exact categorization of prior patterns is gained through the *** detection of DCIS and LCIS can save lives and help physicians and surgeons todiagnose and treat these *** results are obtained through cubic support vector machine(CSVM),respectively,showing 98.95%and 98.01%accuracies

关键词： Image processing tumor segmentation dilation erosion machine learning classication support vector machine adaptive neuro-fuzzy inference system

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Numerical Investigation of Micropolar Casson Fluid over a Stretching Sheet with Internal Heating

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Communications in Theoretical Physics 2017年第4期67卷 443-448页

作者： Zaffar mehmood R.mehmood Z.Iqbal Department of Mathematics HITEC UniversityTaxilaPakistan

This theoretical study investigates the microrotation effects on mixed convection flow induced by a stretching sheet. Casson fluid model along with microrotation is considered to model the governing flow problem. The system is assumed to undergo internal heating phenomenon. The governing physical problem is transformed into system of nonlinear ordinary differential equations using scaling group of transformations. These equations are solved numerically using Runge Kutta Fehlberg scheme coupled with shooting technique. Influence of sundry parameters for the case of strong and weak concentration of microelements on velocity, temperature, skin friction and local heat flux at the surface are computed and discussed. Lower skin friction and heat flux is observed for the case of weak concentration(n = 0.5)compared to strong concentration of microelements(n = 0.0) near the wall.

关键词： micropolar Casson fluid mixed convection internal heating numerical solution

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Polarization multiplexing based duplex radio-over-fiber link for millimeter wave signal transmission to a ring of multiple radio access units

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Frontiers of Information Technology & Electronic Engineering 2019年第2期20卷 300-306页

作者： Tayyab mehmood Hina QAYYUM Salman GHAFOOR School of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science National University of Sciences and Technology

A radio-over-fiber(RoF) distributed antenna system(DAS) architecture is proposed, where millimeter wave(mm-wave) signals are transmitted to four different radio access units(RAUs) arranged in a ring *** proposed architecture transmits duplex data of 128 Mb/s to each RAU in both downlink(DL) and uplink(UL)directions. The radio frequency(RF) signals are transmitted by polarization multiplexing a multi-wavelength ***-wave signals at a frequency of 25 GHz are generated at each RAU using remote heterodyne *** proposed architecture provides increased coverage while maintaining good bit error rate(BER) results.

关键词： Radio over fiber Millimeter wave Radio access units

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Sensitivity-based upscaling for history matching of reservoir models

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Petroleum Science 2016年第3期13卷 517-531页

作者： Saad mehmood Abeeb A.Awotunde United Energy Pakistan Bahria Complex-l M.T. Khan Road Karachi 74000 Sindh Pakistan Department of Petroleum Engineering King Fahd University of Petroleum and Minerals Dhahran 31261 Saudi Arabia

Simulation of reservoir flow processes at the finest scale is computationally expensive and in some cases ***,upscaling of several fine-scale grid blocks into fewer coarse-scale grids has become an integral part of reservoir simulation for most *** is because as the number of grid blocks increases,the number of flow equations increases and this increases,in large proportion,the time required for solving flow *** we can adopt parallel computation to share the load,a large number of grid blocks still pose significant computational ***,upscaling acts as a bridge between the reservoir scale and the simulation *** as the upscaling ratio is increased,the accuracy of the numerical simulation is reduced;hence,there is a need to keep a balance between the *** this work,we present a sensitivity-based upscaling technique that is applicable during history *** method involves partial homogenization of the reservoir model based on the model reduction pattern obtained from analysis of the sensitivity *** technique is based on wavelet transformation and reduction of the data and model spaces as presented in the 2Dwp-wk *** the 2Dwp-wk approach,a set of wavelets of measured data is first selected and then a reduced model space composed of important wavelets is gradually built during the first few iterations of nonlinear *** building of the reduced model space is done by thresholding the full wavelet sensitivity *** pattern of permeability distribution in the reservoir resulting from the thresholding of the full wavelet sensitivity matrix is used to determine the neighboring grids that are *** essence,neighboring grid blocks having the same permeability values due to model space reduction are combined into a single grid block in the simulation model,thus integrating upscaling with wavelet multiscale inverse *** apply the method to estimate the parameters

关键词： Upscaling Inverse analysis History matching Sensitivity Wavelets

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