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Decoding molecular mechanisms:brain aging and Alzheimer's disease

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第8期20卷 2279-2299页

作者： Mahnoor Hayat Rafay Ali Syed Hammad Qaiser Mohammad Uzair Khalid Al-Regaiey Roaa Khallaf Lubna Abdullah Mohammed Albassam Imdad Kaleem Xueyi Wang Ran Wang Mehwish SBhatti shahid Bashir Atta-ur-Rahman School of Applied Biosciences(ASAB) National University of Sciences and Technology(NUST)IslamabadPakistan Department of Biotechnology Quaid-i-Azam UniversityIslamabadPakistan Department of Biological Sciences Faculty of Basic&Applied SciencesInternational Islamic University Islamabad(IIUI)IslamabadPakistan Department of Bioengineering King Fahd University of Petroleum and MineralsDhahranSaudi Arabia Department of Physiology College of MedicineKing Saud UniversityRiyadhSaudi Arabia Department of Neurology Neuroscience CenterKing Fahad Specialist HospitalDammamSaudi Arabia Department of Mental Health Neuroscience CenterKing Fahad Specialist HospitalDammamSaudi Arabia Department of Biosciences Commission on Science and Technology for Sustainable Development in the South(COMSATS University)IslamabadPakistan Department of Psychiatry The First Hospital of Hebei Medical UniversityShijiazhuangHebei ProvinceChina Mental Health Institute of Hebei Medical University ShijiazhuangHebei ProvinceChina Department of Neurobiology and Behavior University of CaliforniaIrvineCAUSA Neuroscience Center King Fahad Specialist Hospital DammamDammamSaudi Arabia

The complex morphological,anatomical,physiological,and chemical mechanisms within the aging brain have been the hot topic of research for *** aging process alters the brain structure that affects functions and cognitions,but the worsening of such processes contributes to the pathogenesis of neurodegenerative disorders,such as Alzheimer's *** these observable,mild morphological shifts,significant functional modifications in neurotransmission and neuronal activity critically influence the aging *** these changes is important for maintaining cognitive health,especially given the increasing prevalence of age-related conditions that affect *** review aims to explore the age-induced changes in brain plasticity and molecular processes,differentiating normal aging from the pathogenesis of Alzheimer's disease,thereby providing insights into predicting the risk of dementia,particularly Alzheimer's disease.

关键词： Alzheimer’s disease brain aging cognitive health dementia molecular mechanisms neuronal activity neuroplasticity neurotransmission

Algebraic Characterization of SSC of Uni-Cyclic Multigraphs

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Algebra Colloquium 2023年第2期30卷 325-338页

作者： Imran Ahmed shahid Muhmood Department of Mathematics COMSATS University Islamabad Lahore CampusLahorePakistan

We introduce first the spanning simplicial complex(SSC)of a multigraph g,which gives a generalization of the SSC associated with a simple graph *** properties are discussed for the SSC of a family of uni-cyclic multigraphs U_(n)^(r),m with n edges including r multiple edges within and outside the cycle of length m,which are then used to compute the f-vector and Hilbert series of face ring k[△s(U_(n)^(r),m)]for the SSC △s(U_(n)^(r),m)(un,m).Moreover,we find the associated primes of the facet ideal I_(F)(△s(U_(n)^(r),m).Finally,we device a formula for homology groups of △s(U_(n)^(r),m) prove that the SsC of a family of uni-cyclic multigraphs is Cohen-Macaulay.

关键词： simplicial complexes spanning trees Hilbert series vertex covers Betti numbers

Heavy Metal/Metalloid Indexing and Balances in Agricultural Soils: Methodological Approach for Research

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Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany 2022年第12期91卷 2687-2697页

作者： shahid Hussain Department of Soil Science Faculty of Agricultural Sciences and TechnologyBahauddin Zakariya UniversityMultan60800Pakistan

Heavy metal(loid)accumulation in agricultural soils is a threat to the soil capacity,quality,and *** also increases human exposure to heavy metal(loid)s via consumption of contaminated plant-based *** detrimental effects of soil contamination also deteriorate the environment of plants and *** sustainable agriculture,therefore,the soil must be protected from toxic levels of heavy metal(loid)*** on heavy metal(loid)balances in agricultural soils are important in predicting future risks to sustainable production from agro-ecological zones and human exposure to heavy metal(loid)*** latest and continuous indexing of the problem seems a prerequisite for sustainable *** review provides some background information and then summarizes key methodological approaches for studies on indexing and balance of heavy metal(loid)s in agricultural *** the end,important soil and health indices are explained that may be useful in understanding the extent of the *** provided information would contribute to sustainable heavy metal(loid)management in the agricultural soils,high crop production,better soil protection,and ultimately to human health.

关键词： Food crops health risks soil contamination sustainable agriculture

Influencing in vitro clonal propagation of Chonemorpha fragrans(moon) Alston by culture media strength,plant growth regulators,carbon source and photo periodic incubation

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Journal of Forestry Research 2020年第1期31卷 27-43页

作者： Tasiu Isah shahid Umar Department of Botany School of Chemical and Life SciencesHamdard University

Chonemorpha fragrans is an endangered medicinal woody climber,regarded among alternative plant sources of *** is a monoterpene indole anti-cancer alkaloid with annual trade value of over three billion *** in the recent,and is used in the production of its analog drugs approved for the chemotherapy of cancer of varied *** of plant growth regulators,culture media strength and photoperi-odic duration on the micropropagation ef ciency of *** from nodal segment explants were studied on Murashige and Skoog(MS)medium amended with Thidiazuron(TDZ),Benzylaminopurine(BAP)or Kinetin(Kin).Thidiazuron was more ef cient over BAP and Kin when half basal MS medium was used over full or quarter *** of carbon source experiment showed sucrose as the most effective over glucose,fructose,and maltose in the clonal *** on the photope-riodic incubation duration showed 12 h as the best light period and sub or supra-optimal resulted in the production of abnormal and albino micro *** results on the evaluation of physiological,biochemical parameters showed the role of pigment molecules and antioxidant systems in the production of albino micro shoots.

关键词： Micropropagation Micro shoot Plantlets Chonemorpha fragrans Plant physiology Albino shoot Basal callus PGRs(plant growth regulators) Antioxidants

Determination of the desiccation behavior of clay slurries

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International Journal of Mining Science and Technology 2017年第6期27卷 981-988页

作者： Khan Faseel Suleman Azam shahid Environmental Systems Engineering University of Regina Regina SK S4S 0A2 Canada

The main objective of this study was to determine the desiccation behavior of clay slurries. A clay slurry with high water adsorption capacity(W_L = 180%,W_P 60%,W_s = 20) was used to determine the soil water characteristic curve(SWCC), shrinkage curve, and hydraulic conductivity. The last parameter was determined similar to the Instantaneous Profile Method using evaporation tests. Results indicated that the clay slurry had an air entry value(AEV) of 1000 kPa and a residual suction of 5000 kPa that occurred at the plastic limit and the shrinkage limit, respectively. The discrepancy between theoretical and measured shrinkage limit was due to the gradual increase in clay particle contact. Unlike soils, the saturated hydraulic conductivity varied by two orders of magnitude(4×10 ~10 m/s at 20 kPa to 3 x 10 ~12 m/s at AEV). The unsaturated k further decreased to 10 ~14 m/s at 6 x 10~4 kPa beyond which vapor flow took place.

关键词： Clay slurry Soil water characteristic curve Shrinkage curve Unsaturated hydraulic conductivity Instantaneous Profile Method

APPLICATION OF IMPROVED PRODUCTION ACTIVITY CONTROL ARCHITECTURE FOR SHOP FLOOR INFORMATION SYSTEM IN DIGITAL MANUFACTURING

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Chinese Journal of Mechanical Engineering 2006年第4期19卷 483-486页

作者： shahid Ikramullah Butt School of Mechanical and Vehicular Engineering Beijing Institute of Technology Beijing 100081China

Shop floor control （SFC） is responsible for the coordination and control of the manufacturing physical and information flow within the shop floor in the manufacturing system. Weaknesses of the production activity control （PAC） architecture of the shop floor are addressed by the Maglica＇s new system architecture. This architecture gives rise to unlimited number of movers and producers thus evolving more complex but decentralized architecture. Beijing Institute of Technology - production activity control （BIT-PAC） architecture introduces an idea of sub-producars and sub-movers thus reducing the complexity of the architecture. All the equipments including sub-producars and sub-movers are considered to be passive in the proposed shop floor information system. The dissemination of information from sub-producers and sub-movers is done manually through a PC. Proposed BIT-PAC SFC architecture facilitates the information flow from shop floor to the other area of the organization. Effective use of interact information services （IIS） and SQL2000 is done along with the *** technology to implement the application logic. Applicability of the software based on BIT-PAC architecture is checked by running application software on a network PC that supports the dynamic flow of information from sub-producers and sub-movers to the other parts of the organization. Use of software is also shown at the end for BIT training workshop thus supporting the use of SFC architecture for similar kind of environments.

关键词： Shop floor information system (SFIS) Production activity control(PAC)Shop floor control(SFC) Digital manufacturing

Liver parasites:A global endemic and journey from infestation to intervention

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2025年第1期31卷 8-15页

作者： Yumna shahid Bushra Emman Shahab Abid Department of Medicine Section of GastroenterologyAga Khan University HospitalKarachi 75500SindhPakistan Aga Khan Medical College Aga Khan University HospitalKarachi 75500SindhPakistan

Parasites have coexisted with humans throughout history,forming either symbiotic relationships or causing significant morbidity and *** liver is particularly vulnerable to parasitic infections,which can reside in,pass through,or be transported to the liver,leading to severe *** editorial explores various parasites that infect the liver,their clinical implications,and diagnostic considerations,as discussed in the article“Parasites of the liver:A global problem?”.Parasites reach the liver primarily through oral ingestion,mucosal penetration,or the bloodstream,with some larvae even penetrating the *** parasites such as cestodes(Echinococcus),trematodes(Clonorchis,Opisthorchis),nematodes(Ascaris),and protozoa(Entamoeba histolytica)can also cause systemic infections like visceral leishmaniasis,malaria,cryptosporidiosis,and *** infections like clonorchiasis and opisthorchiasis are linked to persistent hepatobiliary inflammation,potentially progressing to cholangiocarcinoma,a fatal bile duct cancer,particularly prevalent in Southeast *** global nature of liver parasite infestations is alarming,with hundreds of millions affected ***,control over treatment quality remains *** the significant public health threat posed by these parasites,international medical organizations must prioritize improved diagnosis,treatment,and preventive *** educational efforts and enhancing healthcare provider training are critical steps toward mitigating the global impact of parasitic liver diseases.

关键词： Liver flukes Nematodes Cestodes Trematodes Protozoa Parasites

Effect of Co substitution on the structural,electrical,and magnetic properties of Bi_(0.9)La_(0.1)FeO_3 by sol-gel synthesis

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International Journal of Minerals,Metallurgy and Materials 2013年第2期20卷 166-171页

作者： Ghulam Ali Saadat A.Siddiqi shahid M.Ramay shahid Atiq Murtaza Saleem Centre of Excellence in Solid State Physics University of the Punjab Interdisciplinary Research Centre in Biomedical Materials COMSATS Institute of Information Technology Chemical Engineering Department College of EngineeringKing Saud University

Cobalt （Co）-doped ***3 multiferroics were synthesized by a sol-gel method based on the auto- combustion technique. As-synthesized powder was examined using various characterization techniques to explore the effect of Co substitution on the properties of Bi0.9La0.1FeO3. X-ray diffraction reveals that Co-doped Bi0.9La0.1FeO3 preserves the perovskite-type rhombohedral structure of BiFeO3, and the composition without Co preserves the original structure of the phase; however, a second-phase Bi2Fe409 has been identified in all other compositions. Surface morphological studies were performed by scanning electron microscopy. Temperature-dependent resistivity of the samples reveals the characteristic insulating behavior of the multiferroic material. The resistivity is found to decrease with the increase both in temperature and Co content. Room temperature frequency-dependent dielectric measurements were also reported. Magnetic measurements show the enhancement in magnetization with the increase in Co content.

关键词： multiferroics cobalt doping microstructure electric properties magnetic properties sol-gel process

Generalized Coherent States for Position-Dependent Effective Mass Systems

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Communications in Theoretical Physics 2016年第12期65卷 615-620页

作者： Naila Amir shahid Iqbal School of Electrical Engineering and Computer Sciences National University of Sciences and Technology School of Natural Sciences National University of Sciences and Technology

A generalized scheme for the construction of coherent states in the context of position-dependent effective mass systems has been presented. This formalism is based on the ladder operators and associated algebra of the system which are obtained using the concepts of supersymmetric quantum mechanics and the property of shape invariance. In order to exemplify the general results and to analyze the properties of the coherent states, several examples have been considered.

关键词： generalized coherent states supersymmetric quantum mechanics shape invariance ladder operators position-dependent effective mass systems non-linear oscillators Mandel parameter subPoissonian statistics