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Optimization and application of UVC irradiation for prevention of fungal biodeterioration of vegetable tanned and chrome tanned leather

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Journal of Leather Science and Engineering 2022年第2期4卷 380-393页

作者： Eshita Jhahan Subarna Bhattacharyya Anirban Chaudhuri Nirmal Sarkar shaheen akhtar Punarbasu Chaudhuri School of Environmental Studies Jadavpur UniversityKolkata 700032India Department of Environmental Science University of CalcuttaKolkataIndia.

UV-C irradiation critically effects the growth of micro-fungi and also deteriorate leather materials. In the present study vegetable tanned and chrome tanned leather were infected with pure cultures of Aspergillus niger and Aspergillus flavus, which were isolated from stored leather materials. UV-C light (λ = 254 nm) was applied on infected leather for 15 and 60 min. The changes in leather qualities were examined through weight, tensile strength, scanning electron microscope, energy dispersive X-ray and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy study after 15 and 30 days of fungal inoculation. Vegetable tanned leather was more vulnerable in case of fungal attack than chrome tanned leather while A. flavus showed more influence on leather deterioration than A. niger. The results showed that weight loss after 30 days for 15 and 60 min irradiation exposure was 1.3% compared to A. flavus infected leather (3.93%). The tensile strength of vegetable and chrome tanned UV irradiated leather was increased by 44% and 7% respectively. The scanning electron microscopic images exhibit the limited presence of conidiophores in UV-C exposed leather which confirmed the potentiality of irradiation for controlling fungal growth. The infrared spectral analysis of UV-C exposed infected leather samples showed neither shifting of wavenumber nor displacement of any functional groups. Alto-gether the efficacy of UV-C irradiation against biodeterioration of leather was concluded to be effective. This method can be used to control fungal growth without compromising the leather quality.

关键词： Aspergillus Biodeterioration Leather SEM Tensile strength UV-C

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Facile synthesis of hierarchical NiO/NiFe_(2)O_(4) microsphere composite as efficient visible photocatalyst for 2,4-DCP degradation

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Rare Metals 2024年第4期43卷 1580-1588页

作者： Shabana shaheen Shuai Xu Ji Bian Amir Zada Zi-Qing Zhang Yang Qu Li-Qiang Jing Key Laboratory of Functional Inorganic Materials Chemistry(Ministry of Education) International Joint Research Center and Lab for Catalytic TechnologySchool of Chemistry and Materials ScienceHeilongjiang UniversityHarbin150080China Department of Chemistry Abdul Wali Khan UniversityMardan23200Pakistan

It is highly desired to develop efficient photocatalysts with recycling property for practical application to degrade toxic ***,nanosheet-assembled NiFe_(2)O_(4)microspheres with commendable activity are successfully synthesized by a facile solvothermal reaction with NH4F as the modifier,and their photoactivities are further improved by coupling with NiO through an in situ growth *** optimized nickel oxide(NiO)/nickel ferrite(NiFe_(2)O_(4))microsphere composite(5NiO/NFO-4)exhibits a satisfactory photocatalytic activity for 2,4-dichlorophenol(2,4-DCP)degradation under visible-light irradiation,which is attributed to its wide visible-light response,well-designed hierarchical structure and enhanced charge transfer and separation by coupling NiO as a high-level energy platform to accept ***,it is found that the NiO/NiFe_(2)O_(4)microsphere photocatalysts can be easily collected and recycled owing to the distinctive magnetic *** work provides a feasible route to rational design visible-light-driven photocatalysts with high-activity for environmental remediation and purification with good recyclability.

关键词： NiFe_(2)O_(4) microspheres NiO/Fe_(2)O_(4) composite Charge separation Visible-light photocatalysis 2 4-Dichlorophenol degradation

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Physico-chemical properties and macrofauna of soils under various farming systems of cold arid region in Balochistan,Pakistan

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Journal of Mountain Science 2024年第8期21卷 2618-2630页

作者： KHAN Mehmood GUL Shamim KAKAR Hidayatullah PANEZAI Sanaullah KHAN Nayab ZIAD Tariq NASEEM Mahrukh shaheen Umbreen Department of Botany University of BalochistanQuetta 87300Pakistan Department of Natural Resource Sciences McGill University21111 Lakeshore Road Ste.Anne de BellevueQuébec H9X 3V9Canada Directorate of Agriculture Research Soil and Water TestingAgricultural Research InstituteQuetta 87300Pakistan Department of Geography and Regional Planning University of BalochistanQuetta 87300Pakistan Department of Zoology University of BalochistanQuetta 87300Pakistan

Barshore is a small village in the Pishin District,Balochistan,Pakistan,with dry summers and cold rainy *** is an agrarian region,mostly with orchards of various fruit *** study investigated the physico-chemical properties and macrofauna of soils under various agricultural management practices of this *** concentrations of soil organic matter(SOM),soil organic carbon(SOC),nutrients,pH,electrical conductivity,soil texture,and the abundance and number of species of soil macrofauna of the agricultural fields were *** agricultural fields were *** fields were orchards of apple,apricot or the mixture of apple and apricot trees and one field was a cropland,cultivated with wheat as a *** orchards were under conservation agricultural practices;whereas,the cropland was under conventional *** agricultural lands were 2-26 years *** concentration of soil organic matter(SOM)in the upper 0-10 cm depth of these field sites ranged from 11.6 g kg^(-1)to 32.8 g kg^(-1)*** compared to cropland,orchards had significantly higher concentration of SOM and SOC.A total of 18 soil macrofauna species were found and the most common and abundant were ants(Monomorium minimum,Camponotus pennsylvanicus,Solenopsis invicta,and Lasius niger)followed by Arion ssp.(Brown Slug)and earthworm Lumbricus *** analysis revealed non-significant relationship of the age and the concentration of SOM with the number of macrofauna species and with the concentrations of total mineral nitrogen,bioavailable phosphorus and *** existence of ants had no relationship with the concentration of SOM;whereas,existence of Lumbricus terrestris tended to had a positive relationship with the concentration of *** field of tree-based intercropping system was 2 years of age since the land was converted from rangeland to a cropland,had two ant species *** indicates the positive influence of crop diversification on soil

关键词： Soil organic matter Macrofauna Land use history Tree-based intercropping Conservation agriculture

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A New Discovery of Mineralization as Subseafloor Hydrothermal Replacement in the Duddar Super-Large SEDEX Lead-Zinc Deposit in Pakistan

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Journal of Earth Science 2024年第3期35卷 1075-1078页

作者： Huishan Zhang Yucai Song Jianing Sun Jun Hong Yasir shaheen Khalil Yanguang Li Haidi Zhang Zhihua Wang MNR Key Laboratory for the Study of Focused Magmatism and Giant Ore Deposits Xi’an Center of Geological SurveyChina Geological SurveyXi’an 710054China Institute of Geology Chinese Academy of Geological SciencesBeijing 100037China Chengdu Center of Geological Survey China Geological SurveyChengdu 610081China China Huaye Group Co. LtdBeijing 100037China Geological Survey of Pakistan Islamabad 44000Pakistan

0 INTRODUCTION Sedimentary exhalative(SEDEX)lead-zinc deposit was traditionally considered as a result of submarine hydrothermal exhalation,including exhalative plume and brine pool models(Izanloo et al.,2022;Spinks et al.,2021;Maghfouri et al.,2020;Sangster,2020,2018;Huang et al.,2019;Rajabi et al.,2015;Goodfellow and Lydon,2007;Large et al.,2005,2001;Peng et al.,2000;Goodfellow et al.,1993;Figures 1a,1b).However,recognition of mineralization as subseafloor hydrothermal replacement in a few SEDEX deposits has challenged the traditional consideration(Magnall et al.,2023,2021,2020a,b;Hayward et al.,2021;Figure 1c).Researchers come to believe that subseafloor replacement rather than submarine exhalation is a dominant process for SEDEX mineralization,but this needs to be examined through more case studies.

关键词： submarine mineralization seafloor

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Trends in mortality among the geriatric population undergoing Surgical aortic valve replacement (SAVR) and potential racial disparities: a 20-year perspective via the National (Nationwide) Inpatient Sample

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Journal of Geriatric Cardiology 2024年第7期21卷 716-722页

作者： Nomesh Kumar Kamleshun Ramphul FNU Bawna Nitish Behary Paray Mansimran Si-ngh Dulay Jasninder Singh Dhaliwal Shruti Aggarwal Sebastian Mactaggart Suma Sri Chennapragada shaheen Sombans Renuka Verma Hemamalini Sakthivel Raheel Ahmed Department of Internal Medicine Detroit Medical Center Sinai Grace-Wayne State UniversityMichiganUSA In-dependent Researcher TrioletMauritius Independent researcher Farmington HillsMichiganUSA Royal Devon University Healthcare NHS Foundation Trust ExeterUnited Kingdom Royal Brompton Hospital part of Guy’s and St.Thomas’NHS Foundation TrustLondonUnited Kingdom Department of Internal Medicine University of Cali-forniaRiversideUSA Independent Researcher New DelhiIndia Northumbria Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust NewcastleUnited Kingdom Department of Internal Medicine Louisiana State UniversityShreveportUSA Sha-heen Sombans Independent ResearcherHyderabadIndia Department of Internal Medicine Kirk Kerkorian School of Medicine at UNLVLas VegasUSA One Brooklyn Health System/Interfaith Medical Ctr Program BrooklynNYUSA

Background Racial disparities in cardiovascular conditions are well *** similar race-based discrepancies in health outcomes also exist among elderly patients undergoing surgical aortic valve replacement(SAVR) for aortic stenosis remains *** We abstracted data from the National(Nationwide) Inpatient Sample over a 20-year period from 2001 to 2020 using specific ICD-9 and ICD-10 *** included patients aged ≥ 60 and ≤ 80 years with races recorded as White,African American,or Hispanic at the time of their hospitalization for *** analyzed and reported the baseline characteristics,risk-adjusted inhospital mortality,and complications stratified by *** Of 420,181 patients studied,90.0% identified as White,4.0% as African American and 6.0% as *** a decrease in overall in-hospital mortality rates from 3.8% between 2001-2005 to 1.8% between 2016-2020,African Americans had higher odds of all-cause in-hospital deaths compared to Whites(a OR = 1.390,P < 0.001).Additionally,they were more likely to experience cardiogenic shock(a OR = 1.241,P < 0.001) and acute kidney injury(a OR = 1.314,P < 0.001) as well as more likely to require organ support such as IABP use(a OR = 1.336,P < 0.001) or invasive mechanical ventilation(a OR = 1.342,P < 0.001).Interestingly,African Americans were less likely to report events of acute ischemic stroke compared to Whites(a OR = 0.852,P < 0.001).Conclusions Despite a reassuring reduction in overall in-hospital mortality rates of geriatric patients undergoing SAVR for aortic stenosis,racial disparities in health outcomes remain pervasive with minorities more likely to report higher in-hospital morbidity and mortality.

关键词： mortality likely spite

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Insights into the anorexic mechanism of Khat:an integrated in vivo,ex vivo,and in silico investigations

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Traditional Medicine Research 2024年第10期9卷 36-51页

作者： Ahmed Ali Jerah Manal Mohamed Elhassan Taha Abdullah Farasani Sivakumar Sivagurunathan Moni Emad Sayed shaheen Andleeb Khan Ibrahim Abdo Khardali Magbool Oraiby Heyam Mohamed Ali Sidahmed Siddig Ibrahim Abdelwahab Department of Medical Laboratory Technology College of Applied Medical SciencesJazan UniversityJazan 45142Saudi Arabia Health Research Centre Jazan UniversityJazan 45142Saudi Arabia Department of Pharmaceutics College of PharmacyJazan UniversityJazan 45142Saudi Arabia Department of Biosciences Faculty of ScienceIntegral UniversityLucknow 226026India Poison Control and Medical Forensic Chemistry Center General Directorate of Health AffairsJazan 45142Saudi Arabia Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry Faculty of PharmacyAl-Neelain UniversityKhartoum 16458Sudan

Background:Chewing Khat(Catha edulis)releases cathine and cathinone,which may reduce appetite via an unknown *** study investigated the peripheral and central effects of fresh leaves and buds of Catha edulis water extract(CEWE)on appetite biomarkers,gene expression,and body weight,using in vivo,ex vivo,and in silico ***:Rats of both sexes were orally administered CEWE at different doses and durations in three different *** chromatography-mass spectroscopy(LC-MS)-MS was used to detect cathinone and cathine in the murine *** effect of Khat on serotonin receptors was studied in isolated rat fundus *** of the two Khat ligands was performed on G(The 5-hydroxytryptamine-type 2C receptor(5-HT2C)in an agonist-bound active conformation)and H(5-HT2C in an antagonist-bound inactive conformation)proteins to determine which ligands are most likely to act as agonists or ***:Significant differences(P0.05).The expression of the ghrelin and leptin genes was also unaffected,but the expression of the 5-hydroxytryptamine(5-HT)gene decreased(P<0.05)with CEWE *** antagonizes 5-HT receptors in isolated rat fundus *** findings indicated that the khat ligands bound to 5-HT2C *** and cathinone levels in rat plasma were ***:Khat extract may suppress appetite by antagonizing the 5-HT *** research is required to understand its mechanism and potential applications.

关键词： Catha edulis appetite leptin ghrelin 5-hydroxytryptamine molecular docking

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巴基斯坦新特提斯构造–岩浆演化与重要金属成矿作用

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西北地质 2024年第3期57卷 154-176页

作者：洪俊张辉善吕鹏瑞 Tahseenullah Khan Yasir shaheen Khalil 王志华张海迪自然资源部岩浆作用成矿与找矿重点实验室中国地质调查局西安地质调查中心陕西西安710119 巴基斯坦巴利亚大学地球科学与环境学院巴基斯坦伊斯兰堡44000 巴基斯坦地质调查局巴基斯坦伊斯兰堡44000 长安大学资源学院陕西西安710054

巴基斯坦在大地构造位置上处于印度、欧亚和阿拉伯三大板块的汇聚带,正同时发生着大陆碰撞和大洋俯冲作用,是研究地球系统深部圈层相互作用与成矿效应的绝佳天然实验室。但是,目前对于巴基斯坦构造演化与成矿作用的研究还不系统,对于巴... 详细信息

巴基斯坦在大地构造位置上处于印度、欧亚和阿拉伯三大板块的汇聚带,正同时发生着大陆碰撞和大洋俯冲作用,是研究地球系统深部圈层相互作用与成矿效应的绝佳天然实验室。但是,目前对于巴基斯坦构造演化与成矿作用的研究还不系统,对于巴基斯坦的大型–超大型矿床形成的背景和机制仍不清楚。笔者针对巴基斯坦不同类型的优势矿种开展了深入解剖和对比研究,系统梳理最新研究进展,围绕巴基斯坦新特提斯构造–岩浆演化与成矿作用响应的关键科学问题,分析铜矿、铬铁矿、铅锌矿以及碳酸岩有关的稀土矿床等重要金属成矿类型形成的构造环境以及与区域重大地质事件的耦合关系,总结巴基斯坦区域成矿规律,为资源潜力分析和境内外找矿勘查提供依据。

关键词：新特提斯岩浆作用铬铁矿斑岩铜矿碳酸岩巴基斯坦

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Indirect Vector Control of Linear Induction Motors Using Space Vector Pulse Width Modulation

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2023年第3期74卷 6263-6287页

作者： Arjmand Khaliq Syed Abdul Rahman Kashif Fahad Ahmad Muhammad Anwar Qaisar shaheen Rizwan akhtar Muhammad Arif Shah Abdelzahir Abdelmaboud Electrical Engineering Department University of Engineering and TechnologyLahore54700Pakistan Department of Basic Sciences Deanship of Common First YearJouf UniversitySakakaAljouf72341Saudi Arabia Department of Information Science Division of Science and TechnologyUniversity of EducationLahore54000Pakistan Department of Computer Science and Information Technology The Islamia University of BahawalpurRahim Yar Khan Sub CampusPakistan Department of IT and Computer Science Pak-Austria Fachhochschule Institute of Applied Sciences and TechnologyHaripurPakistan Department of Information Systems King Khalid UniversityMuhayel Aseer61913Saudi Arabia

Vector control schemes have recently been used to drive linear induction motors(LIM)in high-performance *** trend promotes the development of precise and efficient control schemes for individual *** research aims to present a novel framework for speed and thrust force control of LIM using space vector pulse width modulation(SVPWM)*** framework under consideration is developed in four *** begin,MATLAB Simulink was used to develop a detailed mathematical and electromechanical *** research presents a modified SVPWM inverter control *** tuning the proportional-integral(PI)controller with a transfer function,optimized values for the PI controller are *** the subsystems mentioned above are integrated to create a robust simulation of the LIM’s precise speed and thrust force control *** reference speed values were chosen to evaluate the performance of the respective system,and the developed system’s response was verified using various data *** the low-speed range,a reference value of 10m/s is used,while a reference value of 100 m/s is used for the high-speed *** speed output response indicates that themotor reached reference speed in amatter of seconds,as the delay time is between 8 and 10 *** maximum amplitude of thrust achieved is less than 400N,demonstrating the controller’s capability to control a high-speed LIM with minimal thrust *** to the controlled speed range,the developed system is highly recommended for low-speed and high-speed and heavy-duty traction applications.

关键词： Space vector pulse width modulation linear induction motor proportional-integral controller indirect vector control electromechanical dynamic modeling

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Quantum chemical investigation on photodegradation mechanisms of sulfamethoxypyridazine with dissolved inorganic matter and hydroxyl radical

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2017年第7期29卷 85-92页

作者： shaheen Shah Ce Hao State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals Dalian University of TechnologyDalian 116024China Department of Chemistry Karakorum International UniversityGilgit-Baitistan 15100Pakistan

Sulfamethoxypyridazine（SMP） is one of the commonly used sulfonamide antibiotics（SAs）.SAs are mainly studied to undergo triplet-sensitized photodegradation in water under natural sunlight with other coexisting aquatic environmental organic *** this work,SMP was selected as a representative of *** studied the mechanisms of triplet-sensitized photodegradation of SMP and the influence of selected dissolved inorganic matter,i.e.,anions（Br^-,Cl^-,and NO^-_3） and cations ions（Ca^（2＋）,Mg^（2＋）,and Zn^（2＋）） on SMP photodegradation mechanism by quantum chemical *** addition,the degradation mechanisms of SMP by hydroxyl radical（OH·） were also *** creation of SO_2 extrusion product was accessed with two different energy pathways（pathway-1 and pathway-2） by following two steps（step-I and step-II） in the tripletsensitized photodegradation of *** to low activation energy,the pathway-1 was considered as the main pathway to obtain SO_2 extrusion ***-II of pathway-1 was measured to be the rate-limiting step（RLS） of SMP photodegradation mechanism and the effect of the selected anions and cations was estimated for this *** selected anions and cations promoted photodegradation of SMP by dropping the activation energy of *** estimated low activation energies of different degradation pathways of SMP with OH·radical indicate that OH·radical is a very powerful oxidizing agent for SMP degradation via attack through benzene derivative and pyridazine derivative ring.

关键词： Sulfamethoxypyridazine Photodegradation mechanism Dissolved inorganic matter Hydroxyl radical DFT

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CARM:Context Based Association Rule Mining for Conventional Data

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2021年第9期68卷 3305-3322页

作者： Muhammad shaheen Umair Abdullah Faculty of Engineering&Information Technology Foundation UniversityIslamabadPakistan Department of Computer Science Barani Institute of Information TechnologyRawalpindiPakistan

This paper is aimed to develop an algorithm for extracting association rules,called Context-Based Association Rule Mining algorithm(CARM),which can be regarded as an extension of the Context-Based Positive and Negative Association Rule Mining algorithm(CBPNARM).CBPNARM was developed to extract positive and negative association rules from Spatiotemporal(space-time)data only,while the proposed algorithm can be applied to both spatial and non-spatial *** proposed algorithm is applied to the energy dataset to classify a country’s energy development by uncovering the enthralling interdependencies between the set of variables to get positive and negative *** association rules related to sustainable energy development are extracted by the proposed algorithm that needs to be pruned by some pruning *** context,in this paper serves as a pruning measure to extract pertinent association rules from non-spatial *** Probability Increment Ratio(CPIR)is also added in the proposed algorithm that was not used in *** inclusion of the context variable and CPIR resulted in fewer rules and improved robustness and ease of ***,the extraction of a common negative frequent itemset in CARM is different from that of *** rules created by the proposed algorithm are more meaningful,significant,relevant and *** accuracy of the proposed algorithm is compared with the Apriori,PNARM and CBPNARM *** results demonstrated enhanced accuracy,relevance and timeliness.

关键词： Association rules context CBPNARM non-spatial data CPIR support confidence interestingness

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