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Analysis of Sea Surface Temperature Cooling in Typhoon Events Passing the Kuroshio Current

Journal of Ocean University of China 2024年第2期23卷 287-303页

作者： HU Yuyi shao weizeng SHEN Wei ZUO Juncheng JIANG Tao HU Song College of Marine Sciences Shanghai Ocean UniversityShanghai 201306China East China Sea Environment Monitoring Ministry of Natural ResourcesShanghai 201206China China Waterborne Transport Research Institute Ministry of TransportBeijing 100088China

The aim of this study is to investigate the sea surface temperature(SST) cooling as typhoons pass the Kuroshio Current.A numerical circulation model,denoted as the Stony Brook Parallel Ocean Model(sbPOM),was used to simulate the SST,which includes four wave-induced effect terms(i.e.,radiation stress,nonbreaking waves,Stokes drift,and breaking waves) simulated using the third-generation wave model,called WAVEWATCH-Ⅲ(WW3).The significant wave height(SWH) measurements from the Jason-2 altimeter were used to validate the WW3-simulated results,yielding a root mean square error(RMSE) of less than 0.50 m and a correlation coefficient(COR) of approximately *** water temperature measured from the Advanced Research and Global Observation Satellite was applied to validate the model ***,the RMSE of the SST is 0.92℃ with a COR of approximately *** revealed in the sbPOM-simulated SST fields,a reduction in the SST at the Kuroshio Current region was observed as a typhoon passed,although the water temperature of the Kuroshio Current is relatively *** variation of the SST is consistent with that of the current,whereas the maximum SST lagged behind the occurrence of the peak ***,the Stokes drift plays an important role in the SST cooling after analyzing four wave-induced terms in the background of the Kuroshio *** sensitivity experiment also showed that the accuracy of the water temperature was significantly reduced when including breaking waves,which play a negative role in the inside part of the *** variation in the mean mixing layer depth(MLD) showed that a typhoon could enhance the mean MLD in the Kuroshio Current area in September and October,whereas a typhoon has little influence on the mean MLD in the Kuroshio Current area in ***,the mean MLD rapidly decreased with the weakening of the strong wind force and wave-induced effects when a typhoon crossed the Kuroshio Current.

关键词： typhoon wave sea surface temperature Kuroshio Current

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Contribution of Surface Waves to Sea Surface Temperatures in the Arctic Ocean

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Journal of Ocean University of China 2024年第5期23卷 1151-1162页

作者： WEI Meng shao weizeng SHEN Wei HU Yuyi ZHANG Yu ZUO Juncheng College of Oceanography and Ecological Science Shanghai Ocean UniversityShanghai 201306China China Waterborne Transport Research Institute Ministry of Transport of the People’s Republic of ChinaBeijing 100088China

The aim of our study was to examine the contribution of surface waves from WAVEWATCH-III(WW3)to the variation in sea surface temperature(SST)in the Arctic *** simulated significant wave height(SWH)were validated against the products from Haiyang-2B(HY-2B)in 2021,obtaining a root mean squared error(RMSE)of 0.45 with a correlation of 0.96 and scatter index of *** wave-induced effects,i.e.,wave breaking and mixing induced by nonbearing waves resulting in changes in radiation stress and Stokes drift,were calculated from WW3,ERA-5 wind,SST,and salinity data from the National Centers for Environmental Prediction and were taken as forcing fields in the Stony Brook Parallel Ocean *** results showed that an RMSE of 0.81℃ with wave-induced effects was less than the RMSE of 1.11℃ achieved without the wave term compared with the simulated SST with the measurements from *** the four wave effects and sea ice freezing,the SST in the Arctic Ocean decreased by up to 1℃ in *** analysis revealed that the SWH was linear in SST(values without subtraction of waves)in summer and autumn,but this behavior was not observed in spring or winter due to the presence of sea *** interannual variation also presented a negative relationship between the difference in SST and SWH.

关键词： sea surface wave sea surface temperature Arctic Ocean

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北极海域海浪变化及归因分析

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海洋通报 2024年第4期43卷 510-520页

作者：韩飞邵伟增江涛海南南海海岸工程与生态环境研究所海南海口570100 上海海洋大学上海201306

北极海浪是北极地区重要的海洋环境要素,为了进一步了解北极海域海浪变化及归因,本文通过利用海浪数值模式WAVEWATCH-Ⅲ(WW3)对1993-2021年期间北极海域海浪进行模拟,将WW3模拟的海浪结果与OSTM/Jason-2高度计数据时空匹配,对比结果显示... 详细信息

北极海浪是北极地区重要的海洋环境要素,为了进一步了解北极海域海浪变化及归因,本文通过利用海浪数值模式WAVEWATCH-Ⅲ(WW3)对1993-2021年期间北极海域海浪进行模拟,将WW3模拟的海浪结果与OSTM/Jason-2高度计数据时空匹配,对比结果显示:两者数据的相关性(COR)为0.93,均方根误差为0.63 m,模拟结果适用于北极海域海浪变化研究。结果表明:(1)由于冬季平均海表面风速值较夏季更大,无海冰区能产生更高的海浪,导致北极海域冬季海浪强度明显高于夏季。而夏季由于海冰分布减少和厚度小于1 m的冰层增多,无冰区海浪传播冲击薄冰区域引发海冰破碎,同时引发厚度较薄的海域海浪活动,以此使得海浪活动范围比冬季广。(2)北极海域海浪存在周期性变化,但在年平均尺度上海浪强度总体呈上升趋势。海冰的厚度及密集度分布与海浪变化相反,呈下降趋势。说明海冰的厚度和密集度数值越大在一定程度上会限制海浪活动,同时,北极海域海浪活动的主要动力源是海面风场。

关键词：北极波候 WAVEWATCH-Ⅲ ECMWF风场数据海冰数据

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Semi-Empirical Algorithm for Wind Speed Retrieval from Gaofen-3 Quad-Polarization Strip Mode SAR Data

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Journal of Ocean University of China 2020年第1期19卷 23-35页

作者： ZHU Shuai shao weizeng MARINO Armando SUN Jian YUAN Xinzhe Marine Science and Technology College Zhejiang Ocean UniversityZhoushan 316000China Natural Sciences University of StirlingStirling FK94LAUK Physical Oceanography Laboratory Ocean University of ChinaQingdao 266100China Key Laboratory of Space Ocean Remote Sensing and Application National Satellite Ocean Application ServiceBeijing 100081China

Synthetic aperture radar(SAR)is a suitable tool to obtain reliable wind retrievals with high spatial *** geophysical model function(GMF),which is widely employed for wind speed retrieval from SAR data,describes the relationship between the SAR normalized radar cross-section(NRCS)at the copolarization channel(vertical-vertical and horizontal-horizontal)and a wind ***-measured NRCS at cross-polarization channels(horizontal-vertical and vertical-horizontal)correlates with wind *** this study,a semi-empirical algorithm is presented to retrieve wind speed from the noisy Chinese Gaofen-3(GF-3)SAR data with noise-equivalent sigma zero correction using an empirical ***-3 SAR can acquire data in a quad-polarization strip mode,which includes cross-polarization *** semi-empirical algorithm is tuned using acquisitions collocated with winds from the European Center for Medium-Range Weather *** particular,the proposed algorithm includes the dependences of wind speed and incidence angle on cross-polarized *** accuracy of SAR-derived wind speed is around 2.10ms−1 root mean square error,which is validated against measurements from the Advanced Scatterometer onboard the Metop-A/B and the buoys from the National Data Buoy Center of the National Oceanic and Atmospheric *** results obtained by the proposed algorithm considering the incidence angle in a GMF are relatively more accurate than those achieved by other *** work provides an alternative method to generate operational wind products for GF-3 SAR without relying on ancillary data for wind direction.

关键词： wind Gaofen-3 synthetic aperture radar cross-polarization

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A Method for Sea Surface Wind Field Retrieval from SAR Image Mode Data

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Journal of Ocean University of China 2014年第2期13卷 198-204页

作者： shao weizeng SUN Jian GUAN Changlong SUN Zhanfeng Marine Science and Technical College Zhejiang Ocean University Physical Oceanography Laboratory Ocean University of China

To retrieve wind field from SAR images, the development for surface wind field retrieval from SAR images based on the improvement of new inversion model is present. Geophysical Model Functions （GMFs） have been widely applied for wind field retrieval from SAR images. Among them CMOD4 has a good performance under low and moderate wind conditions. Although CMOD5 is developed recently with a more fundamental basis, it has ambiguity of wind speed and a shape gradient of normalized radar cross section under low wind speed condition. This study proposes a method of wind field retrieval from SAR image by com-bining CMOD5 and CMOD4 Five VV-polarisation RADARSAT2 SAR images are implemented for validation and the retrieval re-suits by a combination method （CMOD5 and CMOD4） together with CMOD4 GMF are compared with QuikSCAT wind data. The root-mean-square error （RMSE） of wind speed is 0.75 m s-1 with correlation coefficient 0.84 using the combination method and the RMSE of wind speed is 1.01 m s-1 with correlation coefficient 0.72 using CMOD4 GMF alone for those cases. The proposed method can be applied to SAR image for avoiding the internal defect in CMOD5 under low wind speed condition.

关键词： SAR surface wind retrieval geophysical model function CMOD4 CMOD5

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L-Band Analysis of the Effects of Oil Slicks on Sea Wave Characteristics

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Journal of Ocean University of China 2023年第1期22卷 9-20页

作者： JIANG Tao shao weizeng HU Yuyi ZHENG Gang SHEN Wei College of Marine Sciences Shanghai Ocean UniversityShanghai 201306China State Key Laboratory of Satellite Ocean Environment Dynamics Ministry of Natural ResourcesHangzhou 310012China National Satellite Ocean Application Service Ministry of Natural ResourcesBeijing 100081China China Waterborne Transport Research Institute Ministry of TransportBeijing 100088China

The purpose of this study was to investigate the characteristics of sea surface waves as they pass through oil *** parameterized first-guess spectrum method(PFSM)theory-based wave retrieval algorithm was applied to 20 images of horizontal-horizontal(HH)polarization obtained using the phased-array L-band synthetic aperture radar(SAR)(PALSAR)on the Advanced Land Observing Satellite(ALOS-1).The images were collocated with simulations from the WAVEWATCH-Ⅲ(WW3)model in a 0.1°grid using the European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts(ECMWF)reanalysis(ERA-5)winds data as the forcing *** validation of the model-simulated significant wave height(SWH)against the measurements from the Jason-2 altimeter produced a 0.66m root mean square error(RMSE)for the SWH,with a coefficient(COR)*** this sense,the WW3-simulated waves were reliable for our work.A comparison between the SAR retrieval results and the WW3 simulations was performed using the dataset for the regions without oil slicks,which produced a 0.34m RMSE for the SWH,with a COR of 0.79,which is less than a the RMSE of 0.52 m and the COR of 0.70 for the regions with oil ***,it was found that the SAR-derived SWHs were significantly underestimated by about 0.2m in the areas with oil *** difference is probably due to the underestimation of the SAR-derived wind speeds at moderate wind speeds(i.e.,at wind speeds of greater than 5ms^(-1)).An additional analysis compared the SAR-derived wave spectra with those from the WW3 model as waves passed through the oil *** interesting finding is that the wave energy at short wave lengths(about 30m)is reduced by the oil slicks,causing the movement of the dominant wave spectrum to shift to longer wave lengths(about 80 m).

关键词： wind wave WAVEWATCH-III ALOS-1 PALSAR oil slicks

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Evaluation of wave retrieval for Chinese Gaofen-3 synthetic aperture radar

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Geo-Spatial Information Science 2022年第2期25卷 229-243页

作者： weizeng shao Xingwei Jiang Zhanfeng Sun Yuyi Hu Armando Marino Youguang Zhang College of Marine Sciences Shanghai Ocean UniversityShanghaiChina National Satellite Ocean Application Service Ministry of Natural ResourcesBeijingChina Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory(Guangzhou) GuangzhouChina dNatural Sciences University of StirlingStirlingUK

The goal of this study was to investigate the performance of a spectral-transformation wave retrieval algorithm and confirm the accuracy of wave retrieval from C-band Chinese Gaofen-3(GF-3)Synthetic Aperture Radar(SAR)*** than 200 GF-3 SAR images of the coastal China Sea and the Japan Sea for dates from January to July 2020 were acquired in the Quad-Polarization Strip(QPS)*** images had a swath of 30 km and a spatial resolution of 8 m pixel *** were processed to retrieve Significant Wave Height(SWH),which is simulated from a numerical wave model called Simulating WAves Nearshore(SWAN).The first-guess spectrum is essential to the accuracy of Synthetic Aperture Radar(SAR)wave spectrum ***,we proposed a wave retrieval scheme combining the theocratic-based Max Planck Institute Algorithm(MPI),a Semi-Parametric Retrieval Algorithm(SPRA),and the Parameterized First-guess Spectrum Method(PFSM),in which a full wave-number spectrum and a non-empirical ocean spectrum proposed by Elfouhaily are *** PFSM can be driven using the wind speed without calculating the dominant wave phase *** speeds were retrieved using a Vertical-Vertical(VV)polarized geophysical model function *** proposed algorithm was implemented for all collected SAR images.A comparison of SAR-derived wind speeds with European Center for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts(ECMWF)ERA-5 data showed a 1.95 m/s Root-Mean-Squared Error(RMSE).The comparison of retrieved SWH with SWAN-simulated results demonstrated a 0.47 m RMSE,which is less than the 0.68 m RMSE of SWH when using the PFSM algorithm.

关键词： Wave retrieval Gaofen-3(GF-3) Synthetic Aperture Radar(SAR)

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Analysis of the typhoon wave distribution simulated in WAVEWATCH-Ⅲ model in the context of Kuroshio and wind-induced current

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Journal of Oceanology and Limnology 2020年第6期38卷 1692-1710页

作者： HU Yuyi shao weizeng SHI Jian SUN Jian JI Qiyan CAI Lina Marine Science and Technology College Zhejiang Ocean UniversityZhoushan 316022China College of Meteorology and Oceanography National University of Defense TechnologyNanjing 210007China Physical Oceanography Laboratory Ocean University of ChinaQingdao 266100China

To investigate the relationship between surface currents and wave distributions in typhoons,we took the Typhoon Talim in 2017 as a case,and found that the track of the typhoon winds up to 50 m/s was almost consistent with the Kuroshio track,particularly from September 13 to 16,*** surface current data,derived from the NCEP Climate Forecast System Version 2(CFSv2)from the National Center of Atmospheric Research(NCAR),revealed that the speed of the wind-induced current exceeded that of the Kuroshio in the region with the maximum wind *** this study,was utilized a third-generation numeric wave model,WAVEWATCH-Ⅲ(the latest version 5.16),developed by the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration(NOAA),to simulate the wave fields of Typhoon Talim using the European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts(ECMWF)reanalysis wind data in 0.125°×0.125°grid as the forcing *** found that the root-mean-square error(RMSE)of the significant wave height(SWH)was 0.34 m when validated against measurements from altimeter *** addition,we discovered that the SWH had a similar tendency to the change in the surface current speed that was approximately 0.5 m/s at the beginning of Typhoon ***,the relationship became weak as the surface current speed was below 0.2 m/*** findings show that the distribution of typhoon waves is resulted from the interaction of surface current and the wind-sea portion of the wave system,since the distribution pattern of wind-sea is consistent with the surface current,and there is a weak relationship between surface current and swell.

关键词： current typhoon wave WAVEWATCH-Ⅲmodel

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Evaluation of Typhoon Waves Simulated by Wave Watch-Ⅲ Model in Shallow Waters Around Zhoushan Islands

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Journal of Ocean University of China 2019年第2期18卷 365-375页

作者： SHENG Yexin shao weizeng LI Shuiqing ZHANG Yuming YANG Hongwei ZUO Juncheng Marine Science and Technology College Zhejiang Ocean University Institute of Oceanology Chinese Academy of Sciences Laboratory for Ocean Dynamics and Climate Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology National Marine Environmental Monitoring Center State Oceanic Administration Shandong University of Science and Technology

In this study, we simulated typhoon waves in the shallow waters around the Zhoushan Islands using the WaveWatch-Ⅲ(WW3) model version 5.16, the latest version released by the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration. Specifically, we used in-situ measurements to evaluate the performance of seven packages of input/dissipation source terms in the WW3 model. We forced the WW3 model by wind fields derived from a combination of the parametric Holland model and high-resolution European Center for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts(ECMWF) wind data in a 0.125? grid, herein called H-E winds. We trained the H-E winds by fitting a shape parameter B to buoy-measured observations, which resulted in a smallest root mean square error(RMSE) of 3 m s^(-1) for B, when treated as a constant 0.4. Then, we applied the seven input/dissipation terms of WW3, labelled ST1, ST2, ST2+STAB2, ST3, ST3+STAB3, ST4, and ST6, to simulate the significant wave height(SWH) up to 5 m during typhoons Fungwong and Chan-hom around the Zhoushan Islands. We then compared the SWHs of the simulated waves with those measured by the in-situ buoys. The results indicate that the simulation using ST2 performs best with an RMSE of 0.79 m for typhoon Fung-wong and an RMSE of 1.12 m for typhoon Chan-hom. Interestingly, we found the simulated SWH results to be relatively higher than those of the observations in the area between Hangzhou Bay and the Zhoushan Islands. This behavior is worthy of further investigation in the future.

关键词： waves typhoon WaveWatch-Ⅲ Zhoushan Islands

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Analysis of Wave Distributions Using the WAVEWATCH-III Model in the Arctic Ocean

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Journal of Ocean University of China 2022年第1期21卷 15-27页

作者： shao weizeng YU Wupeng JIANG Xingwei SHI Jian WEI Yongliang JI Qiyan Marine Science and Technology College Zhejiang Ocean UniversityZhoushan 316000China National Satellite Ocean Application Service Beijing 100081China Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory Guangzhou 511458China College of Meteorology and Oceanography National University of Defense TechnologyNanjing 211101China College of Marine Sciences Shanghai Ocean UniversityShanghai 201306China

In this work,we examined long-term wave distributions using a third-generation numerical wave model called WAVE-WATCH-III(WW3)(version 6.07).We also evaluated the influence of sea ice on wave simulation by using eight parametric *** select a suitable ice-wave parameterization,we validated the simulations from the WW3 model in March,May,September,and December 2017 against the measurements from the Jason-2 altimeter at latitudes of up to 60°***,all parameterizations ex-hibited slight differences,i.e.,about 0.6 m root mean square error(RMSE)of significant wave height(SWH)in May and September and about 0.9 m RMSE for the freezing months of March and *** comparison of the results with the SWH from the European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts for December 2017 indicated that switch IC4_M1 performed most effec-tively(0.68 m RMSE)at high latitudes(60°-80°N).Given this finding,we analyzed the long-term wave distributions in 1999-2018 on the basis of switch IC4_*** the seasonal variability of the simulated SWH was of two types,i.e.,‘U’and‘sin’modes,our results proved that fetch expansion prompted the wave ***,the interannual variability of the specific regions in the‘U’mode was found to be correlated with the decade variability of wind in the Arctic Ocean.

关键词： long-term wave distribution sea ice WAVEWATCH-III Arctic Ocean

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