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Two thin middle-crust low-velocity zones imaged in the Chuan-Dian region of southeastern Tibetan Plateau and their tectonic implications

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Science China Earth Sciences 2024年第5期67卷 1675-1686页

作者： Long LI Xin WANG Guangbing HOU yuan LING Yinshuang ai Key Laboratory of Earth and Planetary Physics Institute of Geology and GeophysicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100029China College of Earth and Planetary Sciences University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100049China Innovation Academy for Earth Science Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100029China

Intracrustal low-velocity zones(LVZs)indicate a mechanically weak crust and are widely observed in the southeast margin of the Tibetan ***,their spatial distributions and formation mechanisms remain *** investigate their distribution and detailed morphology of the LVZs in the southeastern Tibetan Plateau,here we used teleseismic events and continuous waveform data recorded by 40 broadband seismic stations newly deployed in the Sichuan-Yunnan region from December 2018 to October 2020.A total of 12,924 high-quality P-wave receiver functions and 5–40 s fundamental Rayleigh surface wave phase velocity dispersion curves from ambient noise cross-correlation functions were *** Swave velocity model at a depth interval of 0–100 km in the study area was inverted by using the trans-dimensional Markov chain Monte Carlo strategy to jointly invert the complementary data of the receiver function waveform and Rayleigh surface wave phase velocity *** results show that there are two separate LVZs(~3.5 km/s)surrounding the rigid Daliangshan subblock at crustal depths of approximately 30–40 km,providing new constraints on the geometry of the LVZs in our study *** two LVZs obtained in this study may represent the middle crustal flow channels,through which the material in the center of the Tibetan Plateau extrudes to its southeast *** by the rigid Sichuan Basin and the spindle-like Daliangshan subblock,the material continues to flow southward through the mechanically weak middle crustal channels surrounding the Daliangshan *** addition,the existence of thin LVZs in the middle crust plays an important role in understanding the decoupling between the upper and lower crust in the study *** also provides new constraint on the complex tectonic deformation process of the southeastern margin of the Tibetan Plateau caused by the collision and compression of the Indian and the Eurasian plates.

关键词： Southeastern Tibetan Plateau Joint inversion Intracrustal low-velocity zone Mid-crustal channel flow

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Cellular strategies to induce immune tolerance after liver transplantation:Clinical perspectives

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2024年第13期30卷 1791-1800页

作者： ai-Wei Zhou Jing Jin yuan Liu Department of Liver Surgery Renji Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of MedicineShanghai 200127China Department of Nursing Renji Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of MedicineShanghai 200127China Department of Liver Transplantation Shanghai Immune Therapy InstituteShanghai 200127China

Liver transplantation(LT)has become the most efficient treatment for pediatric and adult end-stage liver disease and the survival time after transplantation is becoming longer due to the development of surgical techniques and perioperative ***,long-term side-effects of immunosuppressants,like infection,metabolic disorders and malignant tumor are gaining more *** tolerance is the status in which LT recipients no longer need to take any immunosuppressants,but the liver function and intrahepatic histology maintain *** approaches to achieve immune tolerance after transplantation include spontaneous,operational and induced *** first two means require no specific intervention but withdrawing immunosuppressant gradually during *** clinical factors or biomarkers so far could accurately predict who are suitable for immunosuppressant withdraw after *** the understanding to the underlying mechanisms of immune tolerance,many strategies have been developed to induce tolerance in LT *** strategy is one of the most promising methods for immune tolerance induction,including chimerism induced by hematopoietic stem cells and adoptive transfer of regulatory immune *** safety and efficacy of various cell products have been evaluated by prospective preclinical and clinical trials,while obstacles still exist before translating into clinical ***,we will summarize the latest perspectives and concerns on the clinical application of cellular strategies in LT recipients.

关键词： Cellular therapy Induced tolerance Liver transplantation Regulatory T cells Regulatory dendritic cells

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Promoting electrocatalytic nitrogen reduction to ammonia via dopant boron on two-dimensional materials

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Rare Metals 2024年第10期43卷 5117-5125页

作者： Ya-Hui Cui Wen-Cheng Ouyang ai-Jun Gao Chang-yuan Yu Li-Peng Zhang State Key Laboratory of Organic-Inorganic Composites College of Chemical EngineeringBeijing University of Chemical Technology College of Materials Science and Engineering Beijing University of Chemical Technology College of Life Science and Technology Beijing University of Chemical Technology

Electrocatalytic nitrogen reduction reaction(NRR) is a key process for producing energy efficient and environment friendly ammonia. Boron-doped two-dimensional materials are highly promising as NRR ***, the interaction between doped boron and matrix materials on NRR catalytic performance is still unclear,which is limiting the development of catalysts containing boron for NRR. Here, NRR on different boron-doped twodimensional(2D) materials was explored by first principle theory. It is found that adsorption energy of intermediate*NNH(E*NNH) can be used as a descriptor to characterize the catalytic activity for NRR. Boron-adsorbed black phosphorus(B-BP) is demonstrated showing excellent NRR catalytic activity and suppressing hydrogen evolution reaction. It is disclosed that the excellent catalytic performance of boron-doped structures comes from a proper quantitatively electron transfer(0.8e) between nitrogen in*NNH and the active site boron atom. This work not only established a descriptor for NRR catalytic activity on B-doped 2D materials, but also screened out a potential NRR catalyst. More importantly, the intrinsic reason and mechanism of high catalytic activity of boron-doped structures were proposed. This work provides a design principle for exploring high-performance NRR electrocatalysts containing boron.

关键词： Boron-doped two-dimensional materials Density functional theory Descriptor Electrocatalytic nitrogen reduction reaction

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A comparison of statistical learning of naturalistic textures between DCNNs and the human visual hierarchy

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Science China(Technological Sciences) 2024年第8期67卷 2310-2318页

作者： LU XinCheng yuan ZiQi ZHANG YiChi ai HaiLin CHENG Siyuan GE YiRan FANG Fang CHEN NiHong Department of Psychological and Cognitive Sciences Tsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China IDG/McGovern Institute for Brain Research Tsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China Department of Computer Science and Technology Tsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China School of Psychological and Cognitive Sciences and Beijing Key Laboratory of Behavior and Mental Health Peking UniversityBeijing 100871China Key Laboratory of Machine Perception(Ministry of Education) Peking UniversityBeijing 100871China Peking-Tsinghua Center for Life Sciences Peking UniversityBeijing 100871China IDG/McGovern Institute for Brain Research Peking UniversityBeijing 100871China State Key Laboratory of Brain and Cognitive Science Institute of PsychologyChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100101China

The visual system continuously adapts to the statistical properties of the environment. Existing evidence shows a close resemblance between deep convolutional neural networks(CNNs) and primate visual stream in neural selectivity to naturalistic textures above the primary visual processing stage. This study delves into the mechanisms of perceptual learning in CNNs,focusing on how they assimilate the high-order statistics of natural textures. Our results show that a CNN model achieves a similar performance improvement as humans, as manifested in the learning pattern across different types of high-order image statistics. While L2 was the first stage exhibiting texture selectivity, we found that stages beyond L2 were critically involved in learning. The significant contribution of L4 to learning was manifested both in the modulations of texture-selective responses and in the consequences of training with frozen connection weights. Our findings highlight learning-dependent plasticity in the mid-to-high-level areas of the visual hierarchy. This research introduces an ai-inspired approach for studying learning-induced cortical plasticity, utilizing DCNNs as an experimental framework to formulate testable predictions for empirical brain studies.

关键词： CNN perceptual learning naturalistic texture psychophysics

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Morphological and Molecular Data Revealed One New Species of the short-legged Toads Brachytarsophrys Tian and Hu,1983(Anura,Megophryidae)from Yunnan,China

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Asian Herpetological Research 2024年第1期15卷 22-30页

作者： Yanhong HE Renda ai Junkai HUANG Xianqi LI Xiaolong LIU Junlin LAN Jinmin CHEN Zhiyong yuan Key Laboratory of Freshwater Fish Reproduction and Development(Ministry of Education) School of Life SciencesSouthwest UniversityChongqing 400715China Key Laboratory for Conserving Wildlife with Small Populations in Yunnan Southwest Forestry UniversityKunming 650224YunnanChina Guangxi Key Laboratory of Rare and Endangered Animal Ecology Guangxi Normal UniversityGuilin 541004GuangxiChina Wenshan National Nature Reserve of Yunnan Province Wenshan 663099YunnanChina Anhui Provincial Key Laboratory of the Conservation and Exploitation of Biological Resources College of Life SciencesAnhui Normal UniversityWuhu 241000AnhuiChina

A new species of the genus Brachytarsophrys,named Brachytarsophrys wenshanensis ***.,has been identified in southeastern Yunnan,*** new species can be readily distinguished from other known congeners by both morphological criterion and molecular analysis of three mitochondrial gene segments:16S,COI,and *** classification is based on the following morphological characters:(1)medium body size(SVL 83.8–85.1 mm in two adult males);(2)enormous head,with head width nearly 1.2 times the length;(3)tongue pyriform,feebly notched;(4)non-meeting heels;(5)male lacking nuptial pad;(6)tibiotarsal articulation reaching angle of mouth when hindlimbs are extended forward alongside the body;(7)absence of outer metatarsal tubercle,inner metatarsal tubercle elliptic and approximately equal to first toe;(8)rudimentary toe webbing,webbing formula:Ⅰ(2–)–(2^(++))Ⅱ(2^(–))–(3^(++))Ⅲ(2^(½))–(4)Ⅳ(4^(+))–(2^(⅔))V;(9)lateral fringes narrow;(10)dermal ridge or glandular fold on dorsum absent;(11)pectoral glands distinct and irregular,femoral gland *** work increases the number of species within the genus Brachytarsophrys to 9.

关键词： amphibians molecular phylogeny species diversity taxonomy

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High temperature polyimide nanocomposites containing twodimensional nanofillers for improved thermal stability and capacitive energy storage performance

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Nano Research 2024年第8期17卷 7746-7755页

作者： Ding ai Yuting Han Zongliang Xie Xi Pang yuan Chang He Li Chenglong Wu Yonghong Cheng Guanglei Wu State Key Laboratory of Electrical Insulation and Power Equipment School of Electrical EngineeringXi’an Jiaotong UniversityXi’an 710049China Institute of Materials for Energy and Environment State Key Laboratory of Bio-Fibers and Eco-TextilesCollege of Materials Science and EngineeringQingdao UniversityQingdao 266071China

Future electronic devices toward high integration and miniaturization demand reliable operation of dielectric materials at high electric fields and elevated ***,the electrical deterioration caused by Joule heat generation remains a persistent challenge to ***,the solution-processed polyimide(PI)nanocomposites with unique two-dimensional(2D)alumina nanoplates are *** improvements in the breakdown strength,charge–discharge efficiency and discharged energy density at elevated temperatures have been demonstrated in the composites,owing to simultaneously suppressed conduction loss and increased thermal conductivity upon the incorporation of 2D Al_(2)O_(3) nanofillers possessing excellent dielectric insulation and thermophysical *** predominance of Al_(2)O_(3) nanoplates in enhancing thermal stability and high-temperature capacitive performance over nanoparticles and nanowires is validated experimentally and is further rationalized via finite element ***,the Al_(2)O_(3) nanoplates filled PI nanocomposite exhibits a hightemperature capability up to 200℃ and remarkable efficiency(e.g.≥95% at 200 MV/m)over a wide temperature range,which outperforms commercial dielectric polymers and rivals the state-of-the-art polyimide nanocomposites.

关键词： capacitors polymer nanocomposites high temperature energy storage thermal stability

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Analysis of lymph node metastasis and survival prognosis in early gastric cancer patients: A retrospective study

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World Journal of Gastrointestinal Surgery 2024年第6期16卷 1637-1646页

作者： Dong-yuan Liu Jin-Jin Hu Yong-Quan Zhou ai-Rong Tan Department of General Surgery The 971st Hospital of Chinese People's Liberation ArmyQingdao 266071Shandong ProvinceChina Department of Chest Surgery Feicheng People's HospitalFeicheng 271600Shandong ProvinceChina Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery Zhongshan Hospital of Fudan UniversityShanghai 200032China Department of Oncology Qingdao Municipal HospitalQingdao 266000Shandong ProvinceChina

BACKGROUND Early gastric cancer(EGC)is a common malignant tumor of the digestive system,and its lymph node metastasis and survival prognosis have been *** retrospectively analyzing the clinical data of EGC patients,we can better under-stand the status of lymph node metastasis and its impact on survival and *** To evaluate the prognosis of EGC patients and the factors that affect lymph node METHODS The clinicopathological data of 1011 patients with EGC admitted to our hospital between January 2015 and December 2023 were collected in a retrospective cohort *** were 561 males and 450 *** mean age was 58±11 *** patient underwent radical *** status of lymph node metastasis in each group was determined according to the pathological examination results of surgical *** outcomes were as follows:(1)Lymph node metastasis in EGC patients;(2)Analysis of influencing factors of lymph node metastasis in EGC;and(3)Analysis of prognostic factors in patients with *** distributed measurement data are expressed as mean±SD,and a t test was used for comparisons between *** data are expressed as absolute numbers or percentages,and the chi-square test was used for comparisons between *** data were compared using a nonparametric rank sum test.A log-rank test and a logistic regression model were used for univariate analysis.A logistic stepwise regression model and a Cox stepwise regression model were used for multivariate *** Kaplan-Meier method was used to calculate the survival rate and construct survival curves.A log-rank test was used for survival *** Analysis of influencing factors of lymph node metastasis in *** results of the multifactor analysis showed that tumor length and diameter,tumor site,tumor invasion depth,vascular thrombus,and tumor differentiation degree were independent influencing factors for lymph node metastasis in patients with EGC(odds ratios=1.80,1.49,2.6

关键词： Gastric neoplasms Lymph node metastasis Prognosis Influencing factor Retrospective study

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“Yin-Yang philosophy”for the design of anticancer drug delivery nanoparticles

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Biomaterials Translational 2024年第2期5卷 144-156页

作者： Yanwen ai yuan Tian Jiaming Qiao Changnan Wang Huafei Li School of Lifesciences Shanghai UniversityShanghaiChina

Understanding the in vivo transport process provides guidelines for designing ideal nanoparticles(NPs)with higher efficacy and fewer off-target *** factors,such as particle size,morphology,surface potential,structural stability,and etc.,may influence the delivering process of NPs due to the existence of various physiological barriers within the ***,we summarise the distinct influences of NP physicochemical properties on the four consecutive in vivo transport steps:(1)navigating with bloodstream within blood vessels,(2)transport across vasculature walls into tumour tissues,(3)intratumoural transport through the interstitial space,and(4)cellular uptake&intracellular delivery by cancerous *** found that the philosophy behind the current consensus for NP design has certain similarities to the“Yin-Yang”theory in traditional Chinese *** all physicochemical properties,regardless of big or small sizes,long or short length,positive or negative zeta potentials,are double-edged *** balance of potential benefits and side effects,drug selectivity and accessibility should be fully considered when optimising particle design,similar to the“Yin-Yang harmony”.This paper presents a comprehensive review of the advancements in NPs research,focusing on their distinct features in tumour targeting,drug delivery,and cell ***,it deliberates on future developmental trends and potential obstacles,thereby aiming to uncover the ways these characteristics influence the NPs’biological activity and provide theoretical guidance for the targeted delivery of NPs.

关键词： in vivo drug delivery nanoparticle design on-demand drug release targeting strategy “Yin-Yang harmony”

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Detection of HBV DNA integration in plasma cell-free DNA of different HBV diseases utilizing DNA capture strategy

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Virologica Sinica 2024年第4期39卷 655-666页

作者： Zerui Yang Jingyan Zeng Yueyue Chen Mengchun Wang Hongchun Luo ai-Long Huang Haijun Deng yuan Hu Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology on Infectious Diseases Ministry of EducationChongqing Medical UniversityChongqing400016China Department of Infectious Diseases The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical UniversityChongqing400016China

The landscape of hepatitis B virus(HBV)integration in the plasma cell-free DNA(cfDNA)of HBV-infected patients with different stages of liver diseases[chronic hepatitis B(CHB),liver cirrhosis(LC),and hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC)]remains *** this study,we developed an improved strategy for detecting HBV DNA integration in plasma cfDNA,based on DNA probe capture and next-generation *** this optimized strategy,we successfully detected HBV integration events in chimeric artificial DNA samples and HBV-infected HepG2-NTCP cells at day one post infection,with high sensitivity and *** characteristics of HBV integration events in the HBV-infected HepG2-NTCP cells and plasma cfDNA from HBV-infected individuals(CHB,LC,and HCC)were further investigated.A total of 112 and 333 integration breakpoints were detected in the HepG2-NTCP cells and 22 out of 25(88%)clinical HBV-infected samples,*** vivo analysis showed that the normalized number of support unique sequences(nnsus)in HCC was significantly higher than in CHB or LC patients(P values<0.05).All integration breakpoints are randomly distributed on human chromosomes and are enriched in the HBV genome around nt *** majority of integration breakpoints(61.86%)are located in the gene-coding *** non-homologous end-joining(NHEJ)and microhomology-mediated end-joining(MMEJ)interactions occurred during HBV integration across the three different stages of liver *** study provides evidence that HBV DNA integration can be detected in the plasma cfDNA of HBV-infected patients,including those with CHB,LC,or HCC,using this optimized strategy.

关键词： Hepatitis B virus(HBV) DNA integration Cell-free DNA(cfDNA) DNA capture

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Generalized Newton-Busemann Law for Two-dimensional Steady Hypersonic-limit Euler Flows Passing Ramps with Skin-frictions

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Acta Mathematicae Applicatae Sinica 2024年

作者： ai-fang QU Xue-ying SU Hai-rong yuan School of Mathematical Sciences Key Laboratory of Mathematics and Engineering Applications (Ministry of Education) & Shanghai Key Laboratory of PMMP East China Normal University School of Mathematics and Statistics Xi'an Jiaotong University Department of Mathematics Shanghai Normal University

By considering Radon measure solutions for boundary value problems of stationary non-isentropic compressible Euler equations on hypersonic-limit flows passing ramps with frictions on their boundaries, we construct solutions with density containing Dirac measures supported on the boundaries of the ramps, which represent the infinite-thin shock layers under different assumptions on the skin-frictions. We thus derive corresponding generalizations of the celebrated Newton-Busemann law in hypersonic aerodynamics for distributions of drags/lifts on ramps.

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