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Microbiota-based treatments in alcoholic liver disease

World Journal of Gastroenterology 2016年第29期22卷 6673-6682页

作者： Hotaik Sung seung woo kim Meegun Hong Ki Tae Suk Department of Molecular and Cell Physiology University of Cincinnati College of Medicine Department of Biomedical Science Hallym University College of Medicine Department of Internal Medicine Hallym University Chuncheon Sacred Heart Hospital Hallym University College of Medicine

Gut microbiota plays a key role in the pathogenesis of alcoholic liver disease(ALD). Consumption of alcohol leads to increased gut permeability, small intestinal bacterial overgrowth, and enteric dysbiosis. These factors contribute to the increased translocation of microbial products to the liver via the portal tract. Subsequently, bacterial endotoxins such as lipopolysaccharide, in association with the Toll-like receptor 4 signaling pathway, induce a gamut of damaging immune responses in the hepatic milieu. Because of the close association between deleterious inflammation and ALD-induced microbiota imbalance, therapeutic approaches that seek to reestablish gut homeostasis should be considered in the treatment of alcoholic patients. To this end, a number of preliminary studies on probiotics have confirmed their effectiveness in suppressing proinflammatory cytokines and improving liver function in the context of ALD. In addition, there have been few studies linking the administration of prebiotics and antibiotics with reduction of alcoholinduced liver damage. Because these preliminary results are promising, large-scale randomized studies are warranted to elucidate the impact of these microbiotabased treatments on the gut flora and associated immune responses, in addition to exploring questions about optimal delivery. Finally, fecal microbiota transplant has been shown to be an effective method of modulating gut microbiota and deserve further investigation as a potential therapeutic option for ALD.

关键词： Alcoholic liver disease Gut Microbiota Probiotics Treatment

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Frequency comb-to-comb stabilization over a 1.3-km free-space atmospheric optical link

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Light(Science & Applications) 2022年第9期11卷 2207-2216页

作者： JAEWON YANG DONG IL LEE DONG-CHEL SHIN JAEHYUN LEE BYUNG SOO kim HYUN JAY KANG YOUNG-JIN kim seung-woo kim Department of Mechanical Engineering Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology(KAIST)291 Daehak-roYuseong-guDaejeon 34141Republic of Korea Presently with Korea Research Institute of Standards and Science(KRISS) 267 Gajeong-roYuseong-guDaejeon 34113Republic of Korea

Stabilizing a frequency comb to an ultra-stable optical frequency reference requires a multitude of optoelectronic peripherals that have to operate under strict ambient ***,the frequency comb-to-comb stabilization aims to synchronize a slave comb to a well-established master comb with a substantial saving in required equipment and ***,we report an utmost case of frequency comb-to-comb stabilization made through a 1.3 km free-space optical(FSO)link by coherent transfer of two separate comb lines along with a feedback suppression control of atmospheric phase *** FSO link offers a transfer stability of 1.7×10-15 at 0.1 s averaging,while transporting the master comb,s stability of 1.2×10-15 at 1.0 s over the entire spectrum of the slave *** remote comb-to-comb stabilization is intended to expedite diverse long-distance ground-to-ground or ground-to-satellite applications;as demonstrated here for broadband molecular spectroscopy over a 6THz bandwidth as well as ultra-stable microwaves generation with phase noise of-80dBc Hz-1 at 1 Hz.

关键词： optical stabilization microwave

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Green supercapacitor patterned by synthesizing MnO/laser-induced-graphene hetero-nanostructures on wood via femtosecond laser pulses

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Biochar 2024年第1期6卷 641-654页

作者： Young-Ryeul kim Han Ku Nam Younggeun Lee Dongwook Yang Truong-Son Dinh Le seung-woo kim Sangbaek Park Young-Jin kim Department of Mechanical Engineering Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology(KAIST)Science TownDaejeon 34141South Korea. Department of Materials Science and Engineering Chungnam National University(CNU)99 Daehak-roYuseong-guDaejeon 34134South Korea.

Eco-friendly next-generation energy storage devices with high energy density are required to meet the increasing demand for sustainable and green ***,their manufacturing requires a lot of chemical precursors and is usually accompanied by chemical waste;it also involves laborious and time-consuming processes such as mixing,heat treating,casting,and ***,we proposed that mass production of microsupercapacitors(MSCs)for green electronics can be achieved by embedding manganese monoxide(MnO)on wood-derived laser-induced-graphene(LIG)via femtosecond laser direct writing(FsLDW)*** direct synthesis of MnO/LIG hetero-nanostructures on wood was realized by drop-casting a small amount of precursor between the first and second *** preceding FsLDW thermochemically converted wood into LIG while the following FsLDW converted the precursor into MnO,resulting in MnO/LIG ***-fabricated MnO/LIG MSC exhibited enhanced areal capacitance(35.54 mF cm^(−2)at 10 mV s^(−1))and capacitance retention(approximately 82.31%after 10,000 cycles)with only a small inclusion of Mn sources(0.66 mg cm^(−2))and short production time(10 min cm^(−2)),which attributes to operate light-emitting diodes,digital clocks,and electronic paper as *** approach enables the green,facile,fast,and cost-effective fabrication of future sustainable energy storage devices from biomass for next-generation green electronics.

关键词： Laser-induced graphene Green energy storage Microsupercapacitors Laser direct writing Ultrafast pulse Biomass

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Real-time monitoring of fast gas dynamics with a single-molecule resolution by frequency-comb-referenced plasmonic phase spectroscopy

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PhotoniX 2024年第1期5卷 357-372页

作者： Duy-Anh Nguyen Dae Hee kim Geon Ho Lee San kim Dong-Chel Shin Jongkyoon Park Hak-Jong Choi seung-woo kim seungchul kim Young-Jin kim Department of Mechanical Engineering Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology(KAIST)Science TownDaejeon 34141South Korea Department of Mechatronic Engineering Faculty of Mechanical EngineeringHo Chi Minh City University of Technology(HCMUT)Vietnam National UniversityHo Chi Minh CityVietnam Department of Cogno-Mechatronics Engineering College of Nanoscience and NanotechnologyPusan National UniversityBusan 46241South Korea Department of Optics and Mechatronics Engineering College of Nanoscience and NanotechnologyPusan National UniversityBusan 46241South Korea School of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering Nanyang Technological University(NTU)50 Nanyang AvenueSingapore 639798Singapore Institute of Machinery and Materials Nano-Convergence Mechanical Systems Research DivisionKorea156Gajeongbuk-RoYuseong-GuDaejeon 34103South Korea

Surface plasmon resonance(SPR)sensors are based on photon-excited surface charge density oscillations confined at metal-dielectric interfaces,which makes them highly sensitive to biological or chemical molecular bindings to functional metallic *** nanostructures further concentrate surface plasmons into a smaller area than the diffraction limit,thus strengthening photon-sample ***,plasmonic sensors based on intensity detection provide limited resolution with long acquisition time owing to their high vulnerability to environmental and instrumental ***,we demonstrate fast and precise detection of noble gas dynamics at single molecular resolution via frequency-comb-referenced plasmonic phase *** photon-sample interaction was enhanced by a factor of 3,852 than the physical sample thickness owing to plasmon resonance and thermophoresis-assisted optical confinement *** utilizing a sharp plasmonic phase slope and a high heterodyne information carrier,a small atomic-density modulation was clearly resolved at 5 Hz with a resolution of 0.06 Ar atoms per nano-hole(in 10^(11)RIU)in Allan deviation at 0.2 s;a faster motion up to 200 Hz was clearly *** fast and precise sensing technique can enable the in-depth analysis of fast fluid dynamics with the utmost resolution for a better understanding of biomedical,chemical,and physical events and interactions.

关键词： Frequency comb Nanohole array Single molecule detection Refractive index High resolution High speed Traceability to time standard

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Ultra-thin light-weight laser-induced-graphene (LIG) diffractive optics

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Light(Science & Applications) 2023年第7期12卷 1268-1300页

作者： Younggeun Lee Mun Ji Low Dongwook Yang Han Ku Nam Truong-Son Dinh Le seung Eon Lee Hyogeun Han seunghwan kim Quang Huy Vu Hongki Yoo Hyosang Yoon Joohyung Lee Suchand Sandeep Keunwoo Lee seung-woo kim Young-Jin kim Department of Mechanical Engineering Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology(KAIST)Daehak-roYuseong-guDaejeon 34141Republic of Korea School of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering Nanyang Technological University(NTU)50 Nanyang Avenue639798 SingaporeSingapore Panasonic Factory Solutions Asia Pacific(PFSAP) 285 Jalan Ahmad Ibrahim639931 SingaporeSingapore Department of Aerospace Engineering Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology(KAlST)Daehak-roYuseong-guDaejeon 34141Republic of Korea Department of Mechanical System Design Engineering Seoul National University of Science and Technology(Seuoltech)232 Gongneung-roNowon-guSeoul 01811Republic of Korea LASER N GRAPN INC 193 Munj-roYuseong-guDaejeon 34051Republicof Korea

The realization of hybrid optics could be one of the best ways to fulfll the technological requirements of compact,light-weight,and multi-functional optical systems for modern *** diffractive lens(PDL)such as diffractive lenses,photonsieves,and metasurfaces can be patterned on ultra-thin flexible and stretchable substrates and be conformally attached on top of arbitrarily shaped *** this review,we introduce recent research works addressed to the design and manufacturing of ultra-thin graphene optics,which will open new markets in compact and light-weight optics for next-generation endoscopic brain imaging,space internet,real-time surface proflometry,and multi-functional mobile *** provide higher design flexibility,lower process complexity,and chemical-free process with reasonable investment cost,direct laser writing(DLW)of laser-induced-graphene(LIG)is actively being applied to the patterning of *** realizing the best optical performances in DLW,photon-material interactions have been studied in detail with respect to different laser parameters;the resulting optical characteristics have been evaluated in terms of amplitude and phase.A series of exemplary laser-written 1D and 2D PDL structures have been actively demonstrated with different base materials,and then,the cases are being expanded to plasmonic and holographic *** combination of these ultra-thin and light-weight PDL with conventional bulk refractive or reflective optical elements could bring together the advantages of each optical *** integrating these suggestions,we suggest a way to realize the hybrid PDL to be used in the future micro-electronics surface inspection,biomedical,outer space,and extended reality(XR)industries.

关键词： optics weight holographic

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Measurement of sub-fm/Hz^(1/2) displacement spectral densities in ultrahigh-Q single-crystal microcavities with hertz-level lasers

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Photonics Research 2022年第5期10卷 1202-1209页

作者： YOON-SOO JANG JINKANG LIM WENTING WANG seung-woo kim ANATOLIY SAVCHENKOV ANDREY BMATSKO CHEE WEI WONG Fang Lu Mesoscopic Optics and Quantum Electronics Laboratory University of CaliforniaLos AngelesCalifornia 90095USA Division of Physical Metrology Korea Research Institute of Standards and Science(KRISS)Daejeon 34113Republic of Korea CACI-LGS Labs Florham ParkNew Jersey 07932USA Department of Mechanical Engineering Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology(KAIST)Daejeon 34141Republic of Korea OEwaves Inc. PasadenaCalifornia 91107USA Jet Propulsion Laboratory California Institute of TechnologyPasadenaCalifornia 91109USA

Tracing a resonance frequency of a high quality factor(Q)optical cavity facilitates subpicometer displacement measurements of the optical cavity via Pound-Drever-Hall(PDH)locking scheme,tightly synchronizing a laser frequency to the optical *** we present observations of subfemtometer displacements on a ultrahigh-Q single-crystal MgF_(2)whispering-gallery-mode microcavity by frequency synchronization between a 1 Hz cavity-stabilized laser and a resonance of the MgF_(2) cavity using PDH laser-cavity *** characterize not only the displacement spectral density of the microcavity with a sensitivity of 1.5×10^(-16) m/Hz^(1/2) over the Fourier offset frequency ranging from 15 mHz to 100 kHz but also a 1.77 nm displacement fluctuation of the microcavity over 4500 *** measurement capability not only supports the analysis of integrated thermodynamical and technical cavity noise but allows for minute displacement measurements using laser-cavity locking for ultraprecise positioning,metrology,and sensing.

关键词： synchronization displacement cavity

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Effects of dietary Lactobacillus postbiotics and bacitracin on the modulation of mucosaassociated microbiota and pattern recognition receptors affecting immunocompetence of jejunal mucosa in pigs challenged with enterotoxigenic F18^(+)Escherichia coli

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Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology 2025年第1期16卷 282-299页

作者： Marcos Elias Duarte Zixiao Deng Sung woo kim Department of Animal Science North Carolina State University116 Polk HallCampus Box 7621RaleighNC 27695USA

Background Enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli(***)is a threat to humans and animals that causes intestinal *** resistance has urged alternatives,including Lactobacillus postbiotics,to mitigate the effects of enterotoxigenic *** Forty-eight newly weaned pigs were allotted to NC:no challenge/no supplement;PC:F18^(+)*** chal-lenge/no supplement;ATB:F18^(+)*** challenge/bacitracin;and LPB:F18^(+)*** challenge/postbiotics and fed diets for 28 *** d 7,pigs were orally inoculated withF18^(+)*** d 28,the mucosa-associated microbiota,immune and oxidative stress status,intestinal morphology,the gene expression of pattern recognition receptors(PRR),and intestinal barrier function were *** were analyzed using the MIXED procedure in SAS *** PC increased(P<0.05)Helicobacter mastomyrinus whereas reduced(P<0.05)Prevotella copri and ***-corea compared to *** LPB increased(P<0.05)*** and Dialister succinatiphilus compared with *** ATB increased(P<0.05)Propionibacterium acnes,Corynebacterium glutamicum,and Sphingomonas pseudosanguinis compared to *** PC tended to reduce(P=0.054)PGLYRP4 and increased(P<0.05)TLR4,CD14,MDA,and crypt cell proliferation compared with *** ATB reduced(P<0.05)NOD1 compared with *** LPB increased(P<0.05)PGLYRP4,and interferon-γand reduced(P<0.05)NOD1 compared with *** ATB and LPB reduced(P<0.05)TNF-αand MDA compared with *** TheF18^(+)*** challenge compromised intestinal *** increased beneficial bacteria show-ing a trend towards increasing the intestinal barrier function,possibly by reducing the expression of PRR ***-tobacillus postbiotics enhanced the immunocompetence of nursery pigs by increasing the expression of interferon-γand PGLYRP4,and by reducing TLR4,NOD1,and CD14.

关键词： Escherichia coli Immunocompetence Intestinal health Pattern recognition receptors Pigs

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Immortalization of epidural fat-derived mesenchymal stem cells: In vitro characterization and adipocyte differentiation potential

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World Journal of Stem Cells 2025年第1期17卷 40-52页

作者： Seoung-woo Lee Young-Ju Lim Hee-Yeon kim Wansoo kim wook-Tae Park Min-Jung Ma Junho Lee Min-Soo Seo Young In kim Sangbum Park Seong-Kyoon Choi Gun woo Lee Core Protein Resources Center Daegu-Gyeongbuk Institute of Science and TechnologyDaegu 42988South Korea Department of Orthopedic Surgery Yeungnam University Medical CenterYeungnam University College of MedicineDaegu 42415South Korea Department of Veterinary Pathology College of Veterinary MedicineKyungpook National UniversityDaegu 41566South Korea School of Life Science BK21 FOUR KNU Creative BioResearch GroupKyungpook National UniversityDaegu 41566South Korea Laboratory of Veterinary Tissue Engineering College of Veterinary MedicineKyungpook National UniversityDaegu 41566South Korea College of Veterinary Medicine Kyungpook National UniversityDaegu 41566South Korea Department of Veterinary Tissue Engineering Kyungpook National UniversityDaegu 41566South Korea Cellexobio. Ltd.Daegu 42415South Korea Michigan State University Institute for Quantitative Health Science&EngineeringEast LansingMI 48824United States Department of Orthopedic Surgery Yeungnam University College of MedicineDaegu 42415South Korea

BACKGROUND Mesenchymal stem cells(MSCs)are promising candidates for regenerative therapy due to their self-renewal capability,multilineage differentiation potential,and immunomodulatory *** molecular characteristics of MSCs are influenced by their ***,epidural fat(EF)and EF-derived MSCs(EF-MSCs)have garnered attention due to their potential benefits to the spinal microenvironment and their high expression of neural SC ***,their clinical applications are limited due to cell senescence and limited accessibility of *** many studies have attempted to establish an immortalized,stable SC line,the characteristics of immortalized EF-MSCs remain to be *** To establish and analyze stable immortalized *** The phenotypes of EF-MSCs were analyzed using optical *** immortalization was performed using lentiviral *** biomolecular characteristics of the cells were analyzed by immunoblotting,quantitative PCR,and *** The immortalized EF-MSCs demonstrated a significantly extended lifespan compared to the control group,with well-preserved adipogenic potential and SC surface marker *** of human telomerase reverse transcriptase genes markedly increased the lifespan of *** analysis revealed substantial increase in the expression of DNA replication pathway components in immortalized *** Immortalized EF-MSCs exhibited significantly enhanced proliferative capacity,retained adipogenic potential,and upregulated the expression of DNA replication pathway components.

关键词： Immortalization Transfection Stem cell Epidural fat Proteomics

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Comprehensive molecular characterization to predict immunotherapy response in advanced biliary tract cancer:a phase II trial of pembrolizumab

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Oncology Research 2025年第1期33卷 57-65页

作者： RYUL kim JOO KYUNG PARK MINSUK KWON MINAE AN JUNG YONG HONG JOON OH PARK SUNG HEE LIM seung TAE kim Division of Hematology-Oncology Department of MedicineSamsung Medical CenterSungkyunkwan University School of MedicineSeoulKorea Division of Gastroenterology Department of MedicineSamsung Medical CenterSungkyunkwan University School of MedicineSeoulKorea Department of Hematology-Oncology Ajou University School of MedicineSuwon-siGyeonggi-doKorea Samsung Advanced Institute of Health Science and Technology Sungkyunkwan University School of MedicineSeoulKorea

Background:Immune checkpoint inhibitors(ICIs)are effective in a subset of patients with metastatic solid ***,the patients who would benefit most from ICIs in biliary tract cancer(BTC)are still *** and methods:We molecularly characterized tissues and blood from 32 patients with metastatic BTC treated with the ICI pembrolizumab as second-line ***:All patients had microsatellite stable(MSS)type *** of the 32 patients achieved partial response(PR),with an objective response rate(ORR)of 9.4%(95%confidence interval[CI],2.0–25.2)and nine showed stable disease(SD),exhibiting a disease control rate(DCR)of 37.5%(95%CI,21.1–56.3).For the 31 patients who had access to PD-1 ligand 1(PD-L1)combined positive score(CPS)testing(cut-off value≥1%),the ORR was not different between those who had PD-L1-positive(PD-L1+;1/11,9.1%)and PDL1-(2/20,10.0%)tumors(p=1.000).The tumor mutational burden(TMB)of PD-L1+BTC was comparable to that of PD-L1-BTC(p=0.630).TMB and any exonic somatic mutations were also not predictive of pembrolizumab *** analysis of blood and tumor samples demonstrated a relatively high natural killer(NK)cell proportion in the peripheral blood before pembrolizumab treatment in patients who achieved tumor ***,the tumors of these patients presented high enrichment scores for NK cells,antitumor cytokines,and Th1 signatures,and a low enrichment score for cancer-associated ***:This study shows the molecular characteristics associated with the efficacy of pembrolizumab in BTC of the MSS type.

关键词： Pembrolizumab Whole-exome sequencing Whole-transcriptome sequencing Biliary tract cancer

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Tuning surface-active sites of Ru catalysts for the selective deoxygenation of lignin monomers to fuels and chemicals

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Science China Chemistry 2025年

作者： Rizky Gilang Kurniawan Jongho Choi Neha Karanwal seung Min kim Seok Ki kim Deepak Verma Jaehoon kim School of Chemical Engineering Sungkyunkwan University School of Mechanical Engineering Sungkyunkwan University SKKU Advanced Institute of Nanotechnology (SAINT) Sungkyunkwan University Institute of Advanced Composite Materials Korea Institute of Science and Technology Department of Chemical Engineering Ajou University

Cycloalkanes and cyclohexanols find diverse applications, including sustainable aviation fuel, fuel additives, and value-added chemicals. These compounds can be produced via complete or selective hydrodeoxygenation（HDO） of lignin-derived phenolic monomers. In this study, a urea-assisted method was employed to control the size of Ru nanoparticles（NPs） and tune the surfaceactive sites on Ru metal supported on CNx. By adjusting the Ru-to-urea molar ratio, both the size of Ru NPs and the metallic-tooxide ratio of Ru were controlled, along with the incorporation of N atoms into the RuO2surface coordination. In the absence of urea, the Ru/CNx（1:0） catalyst, containing 4.8 nm Ru NPs, achieved complete HDO of 4-propyl guaiacol to n-propyl cyclohexane through ring saturation, followed by hydro-demethoxylation of the C–OCH3group, and hydrogenolysis of the –OH group, with a 97.0% yield at an initial H2pressure of 1.5 MPa, 200 °C, and 20 h in water. The final hydrogenolysis step was inhibited over the urea-assisted catalysts. The Ru/CNx（1:8） catalyst, containing 3.1 nm Ru NPs, achieved a maximum selectivity of 67.6% for n-propyl cyclohexanol, along with complete conversion of 4-propyl guaiacol. Similar trends were observed in the product distribution when upgrading reductive catalytic fractionation bio-oil over Ru/CNx（1:0） and Ru/CNx（1:8）.

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