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Recent trends in the epidemiology and clinical outcomes of inflammatory bowel disease in South Korea,2010-2018

World Journal of Gastroenterology 2024年第9期30卷 1154-1163页

作者： Seulji Kim Hyun Jung lee seung woo lee Sanghyun Park Seong-Joon Koh Jong Pil Im Byeong Gwan Kim Kyung-Do Han Joo Sung Kim Department of Internal Medicine Korea Institute of Radiological and Medical SciencesSeoul 01812South Korea Department of Internal Medicine and Liver Research Institute Seoul National University College of MedicineSeoul 03080South Korea Department of Statistics and Actuarial Science Soongsil UniversitySeoul 06978South Korea

BACKGROUND Inflammatory bowel disease(IBD)was previously regarded as a Western disease;however,its incidence is increasing in the *** epidemiology of IBD in Asia differs significantly from the patterns in the *** To comprehensively investigate the epidemiology of IBD in South Korea,inclu-ding its incidence,prevalence,medication trends,and *** We analyzed claims data from the Health Insurance Review and Assessment Service and Rare and Intractable Diseases(RIDs),operated by the National Health Insurance Service of South *** with IBD were identified based on the International Classification of Diseases,Tenth Revision,and RID diagnostic codes for Crohn’s disease(CD)and ulcerative colitis(UC)from 2010 to *** In total,14498 and 31409 patients were newly diagnosed with CD and UC,respectively,between 2010 and *** annual average incidence of CD was 3.11 cases per 105 person-years,and that of UC was 6.74 cases per 10^(5) *** 2014,the incidence rate of CD has been stable,while that of UC has steadily increased,shifting the peak age group from 50-year-olds in 2010 to 20-year-olds in *** CD and UC prevalence increased consistently over the study period;the use of 5-aminosali-cylates and corticosteroids gradually decreased,while that of immunomodulators and biologics steadily increased in both CD and *** clinical outcomes of IBD,such as hospitalization and surgery,decreased during the study *** The CD incidence has been stable since 2014,but that of UC has increased with a shift to a younger age at peak incidence between 2010 and *** clinical outcomes improved over time,with increased use of immunomodu-lators and biologics.

关键词： Inflammatory bowel disease Crohn’s disease Ulcerative colitis Incidence Prevalence

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Improvement in Background Error Covariances Using Ensemble Forecasts for Assimilation of High-Resolution Satellite Data

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Advances in Atmospheric Sciences 2011年第4期28卷 758-774页

作者： seung-woo lee Dong-Kyou lee School of Earth and Environmental Sciences Seoul National University

Satellite data obtained over synoptic data-sparse regions such as an ocean contribute toward improving the quality of the initial state of limited-area models. Background error covariances are crucial to the proper distribution of satellite-observed information in variational data assimilation. In the NMC （National Meteorological Center） method, background error covariances are underestimated over data-sparse regions such as an ocean because of small differences between different forecast times. Thus, it is necessary to reconstruct and tune the background error covariances so as to maximize the usefulness of the satellite data for the initial state of limited-area models, especially over an ocean where there is a lack of conventional data. In this study, we attempted to estimate background error covariances so as to provide adequate error statistics for data-sparse regions by using ensemble forecasts of optimal perturbations using bred vectors. The background error covariances estimated by the ensemble method reduced the overestimation of error amplitude obtained by the NMC method. By employing an appropriate horizontal length scale to exclude spurious correlations, the ensemble method produced better results than the NMC method in the assimilation of retrieved satellite data. Because the ensemble method distributes observed information over a limited local area, it would be more useful in the analysis of high-resolution satellite data. Accordingly, the performance of forecast models can be improved over the area where the satellite data are assimilated.

关键词： 3DVAR background error covariances retrieved satellite data assimilation ensemble forecasts.

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ZnO-Embedded Expanded Graphite Composite Anodes with Controlled Charge Storage Mechanism Enabling Operation of Lithium-Ion Batteries at Ultra-Low Temperatures

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Energy & Environmental Materials 2023年第4期6卷 31-39页

作者： Kun Ryu Michael J.lee Kyungbin lee seung woo lee George W.woodruff School of Mechanical Engineering Georgia Institute of TechnologyAtlantaGA 30332USA

As lithium(Li)-ion batteries expand their applications,operating over a wide temperature range becomes increasingly ***,the lowtemperature performance of conventional graphite anodes is severely hampered by the poor diffusion kinetics of Li ions(Li^(+)).Here,zinc oxide(ZnO) nanoparticles are incorporated into the expanded graphite to improve Li^(+)diffusion kinetics,resulting in a significant improvement in lowtemperature *** ZnO-embedded expanded graphite anodes are investigated with different amounts of ZnO to establish the structurecharge storage mechanism-performance relationship with a focus on lowtemperature *** analysis reveals that the ZnOembedded expanded graphite anode with nano-sized ZnO maintains a large portion of the diffusion-controlled charge storage mechanism at an ultra-low temperature of-50℃ Due to this significantly enhanced Li^(+)diffusion rate,a full cell with the ZnO-embedded expanded graphite anode and a LiNi_(0.88)Co_(0.09)Al_(0.03)O_(2)cathode delivers high capacities of 176 mAh g^(-1)at20℃ and 86 mAh g^(-1)at-50℃ at a high rate of 1 *** outstanding low-temperature performance of the composite anode by improving the Li^(+)diffusion kinetics provides important scientific insights into the fundamental design principles of anodes for low-temperature Li-ion battery operation.

关键词： diffusive and capacitive charge storages expanded graphite composites anode lithium-ion battery low-temperature operation transition metal oxide

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Impact of Horizontal Resolution and Cumulus Parameterization Scheme on the Simulation of Heavy Rainfall Events over the Korean Peninsula

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Advances in Atmospheric Sciences 2011年第1期28卷 1-15页

作者： seung-woo lee Dong-Kyou lee Dong-Eon CHANG School of Earth and Environmental Sciences Seoul National University National Institute of Meteorological Research Korea Meteorological Administration

In this paper, we present the results from high-resolution numerical simulations of three heavy rainfall events over the Korean Peninsula. The numerical results show that the prediction accuracy for heavy rainfall events improved as horizontal resolution increased. The fine-grid precipitation fields were much closer to the real precipitation fields in the case of large synoptic forcing over the Korean Peninsula. In the case of large convective available potential energy and weak synoptic forcing, it seems that even when using a high resolution, the models still showed poor performance in reproducing the observed high precipitation amounts. However, activation of the cumulus parameterization scheme in the intermediate resolution of 9 km, even at a grid spacing of 3 km, had a positive impact on the simulation of the heavy rainfall event.

关键词： high resolution cumulus parameterization scheme heavy rainfall numerical simulation

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Multifunctional Ir–Ru alloy catalysts for reversal-tolerant anodes of polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cells

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Journal of Materials Science & Technology 2021年第1期60卷 105-112页

作者： seung woo lee Bongho lee Chaekyung Baik Tae-Yang Kim Chanho Pak Graduate Program of Energy Technology School of Integrated TechnologyInstitute of Integrated TechnologyGwangju Institute of Science and TechnologyGwangju 61005Republic of Korea Research Institute for Solar and Sustainable Energies Gwangju Institute of Science and TechnologyGwangju 61005Republic of Korea

To address the problem of fuel starvation in fuel-cell electric vehicles,which causes cell voltage reversal and results in cell failure when repeated continuously,we developed a reversal-tolerant anode(RTA) to promote water oxidation in preference to carbon *** carbon-supported Ir-Ru alloys with different compositions are employed as RTA catalysts in an acidic polyol solution and are shown to exhibit composition-dependent average crystallite sizes of <5.33 *** adopted approach allows the generation of relatively well-dispersed Ir-Ru alloy nanoparticles on the carbon support without severe *** activity of IrRu_(2)/C for the hydrogen oxidation reaction is 1.10 times that of the stateof-the-art Pt/C *** reversal testing by simulation of fuel starvation reveals that the durability of IrRu_(2)/C(~7 h) significantly exceeds that of the conventional Pt/C catalyst(~10 min) and is the highest value reported so ***,the developed Ir-Ru alloy catalyst can be used to fabricate practical RTAs and replace Pt catalysts in the anodes of polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cells.

关键词： Polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cell Polyol process Reversal-tolerant anode Oxygen evolution reaction Hydrogen oxidation reaction

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Estimation of marine winds in and around typhoons using multi-platform satellite observations: Application to Typhoon Soulik (2018)

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Frontiers of Earth Science 2022年第1期16卷 175-189页

作者： seung-woo lee Sung Hyun NAM Duk-Jin KIM School of Earth and Environmental Sciences College of Natural SciencesSeoul National UniversitySeoul 08826Republic of Korea Research Institution of Oceanography College of Natural SciencesSeoul National UniversitySeoul 08826Republic of Korea

Estimating horizontal winds in and around typhoons is important for improved monitoring and prediction of typhoons and mitigating their ***,we present a new algorithm for estimating typhoon winds using multiple satellite observations and its application to Typhoon Soulik(2018).Four kinds of satellite remote sensing data,along with their relationship to typhoon intensity,derived statistically from hundreds of historical typhoon cases,were merged into the final product of typhoon wind(MT wind):(1)geostationarysatellite-based infrared images(IR wind),(2)passive microwave sounder(MW wind),(3)feature-tracked atmospheric motion vectors,and (4)scatterometer-based sea surface winds(SSWs).The algorithm was applied to two cases(A and B)of Typhoon Soulik and validated against SSWs independently retrieved from active microwave synthetic aperture radar(SAR)and microwave radiometer(AMSR2)images,and vertical profiles of wind speed derived from reanalyzed data and dropsonde *** Case A(open ocean),the algorithm estimated the realistic maximum wind,radius of maximum wind,and radius of 15 m/s,which could not be estimated using the reanalysis data,demonstrating reasonable and practical ***,for Case B(when the typhoon rapidly weakened just before making landfall in the Korean Peninsula),the algorithm significantly overestimated the parameters,primarily due to the overestimation of typhoon *** study highlights that realistic typhoon winds can be monitored continuously in real-time using multiple satellite observations,particularly when typhoon intensity is reasonably well predicted,providing timely analysis results and products of operational importance.

关键词： sea surface wind multi-platform satellites Typhoon Soulik(2018)

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CaCO_3 film synthesis from ladle furnace slag: morphological change, new material properties, and Ca extraction efficiency

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International Journal of Minerals,Metallurgy and Materials 2018年第12期25卷 1447-1456页

作者： seung-woo lee Yong-Jae Kim Jun-Hwan Bang Soochun Chae Center for carbon mineralization Korea Institute of Geosciences and Mineral Resources Frontier in extreme physics Korea Research Institute of Standards and Science

A rapidly air-cooled ladle furnace slag(RA-LFS), which is a type of steelmaking slag discharged from a steel mill, was used to synthesize CaCO_3 film. The CaCO_3 film with 35 cm^2 of surface area was synthesized under atmospheric conditions, and the surface morphology of the CaCO_3 films was changed by using additives(CaCl_2 and ethylene glycol). Especially, the addition of CaCl_2 changed the surface morphology of CaCO_3 film with pore and induced new material properties, such as water adsorption. The(012) face of CaCO_3 film(calcite) was rapidly decreased by the addition of CaCl_2. The major components of RA-LFS were calcium(type of CaO, 53.9 wt%) and aluminum(type of Al_2 O_3, 37.9 wt%), and the major crystal phases of RA-LFS were C_3 S, C_(12) A_7, and C_3 A. The calcium extraction efficiency of RA-LFS was significantly increased after the CaCO_3 film synthesis. The material properties(hardness and elastic modulus) and the thermal characteristics of the CaCO_3 films were analyzed by nano-indentation and thermogravimetry–differential thermal analysis. The synthesized CaCO_3 films from RA-LFS and Ca(OH)_2(reagent) showed similarities in terms of their material properties and the decomposition temperature.

关键词： carbon dioxide ladle furnace slag carbonation calcium carbonate film calcium efficiency

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Covalent organic frameworks:Design and applications in electrochemical energy storage devices

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InfoMat 2022年第6期4卷 1-35页

作者： Shikai Jin Omar Allam seung Soon Jang seung woo lee George W.woodruff School of Mechanical Engineering Georgia Institute of TechnologyAtlantaGeorgiaUSA Computational NanoBio Technology Laboratory School of Material Science and EngineeringGeorgia Institute of TechnologyAtlantaGeorgiaUSA

As an emerging class of crystalline organic material,covalent organic frameworks(COFs)possess uniform porosity,versatile functionality,and precise control over designated *** from the favorable charge and mass transport pathways offered by the porous framework,COFs can also exhibit designed reversible redox *** the past few years,their potential has attracted a great deal of attention for charge storage and transport applications in various electrochemical energy storage devices,and numerous design strategies have been proposed to enhance the corresponding electrochemical *** review summarizes the working principle and synthesis methods of COFs and discusses significant findings for supercapacitors and various rechargeable battery systems,emphasizing the representative design strategies and their underlying relationship with electrochemical *** addition,key advances achieved by computations are highlighted along with the challenges and prospects in this field.

关键词： covalent organic frameworks rechargeable batteries redox-active electrodes solid electrolyte supercapacitors

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Volume Estimation of Small Scale Debris Flows Based on Observations of Topographic Changes Using Airborne LiDAR DEMs

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Journal of Mountain Science 2014年第3期11卷 578-591页

作者： Hosung KIM seung woo lee Chan-Young YUNE Gihong KIM Department of Civil Engineering Gangneung-Wonju National University

This paper describes a geographic information system(GIS)-based method for observing changes in topography caused by the initiation, transport, and deposition of debris flows using highresolution light detection and ranging(LiDAR) digital elevation models(DEMs) obtained before and after the debris flow events. The paper also describes a method for estimating the volume of debris flows using the differences between the LiDAR DEMs. The relative and absolute positioning accuracies of the LiDAR DEMs were evaluated using a real-time precise global navigation satellite system(GNSS) positioning method. In addition, longitudinal and cross-sectional profiles of the study area were constructed to determine the topographic changes caused by the debris flows. The volume of the debris flows was estimated based on the difference between the LiDAR DEMs. The accuracies of the relative and absolute positioning of the two LiDAR DEMs were determined to be ±10 cm and ±11 cm RMSE, respectively, which demonstrates the efficiency of the method for determining topographic changes at an scale equivalent to that of field investigations. Based on the topographic changes, the volume of the debris flows in the study area was estimated to be 3747 m3, which is comparable with the volume estimated based on the data from field investigations.

关键词： Debris flow Topographic change LiDAR DEM Volume estimation Global navigation satellitesystem (GNSS)

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Evaluation of early-age strains and stresses in roller-compacted concrete pavement

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Journal of Traffic and Transportation Engineering(English Edition) 2022年第1期9卷 93-105页

作者： Tetsya Sok Young Kyu Kim Jun Young Park seung woo lee Public Infrastructure Department Ministry of Public Works and TransportPhnom Penh 12100Cambodia Institute for Disaster Prevention Gangneung-Wonju National UniversityGangneung-si 25457South Korea Korea Expressway Research Institute Korea Expressway CorporationHwaseong-si 18489South Korea Civil Engineering Department Gangneung-Wonju National UniversityGangneung-si 25457South Korea

In the structural design of a roller-compacted concrete pavement(RCCP), it is crucial to estimate strain and stress developments in the RCCP slab realistically. Since the RCCP mix uses less cement and lower amount of water, shrinkage strain and concrete temperature during the hardening stage are expected to be reduced as compared to those of conventional concrete mixture, resulting in a reduction of the concrete early-age deformation and stress developments in the RCCP slab. In this paper, early-age concrete strain and stress developments in RCCP slab subjected to environmental loads were evaluated. A full-scale test section of RCCP under real climatic conditions was monitored. The early-age total strains,stress-independent strains, shrinkage strains, and coefficient of thermal expansion(CTE) of the RCCP were measured and analyzed. Using the results of measured strains, in-situ CTE and shrinkage strain, and temperature, the early-age concrete stress development is computed by incorporating a viscoelastic property of the early-age concrete. The results revealed that the shrinkage strain of the RCCP is quite low as compared to that of conventional concrete. The early-age stress developments in the RCCP slab are strongly governed by the thermal-induced stresses. Shrinkage-induced stresses were quite small and might be negligible in a preliminary estimation of early-age stress developments in the RCCP slab.

关键词： Road engineering Roller-compacted concrete pavement Concrete strain Concrete stress Shrinkage strain Environmental loads

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