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Near-Infrared Fluorescence Imaging Contrast Agents for Clinical Research: Limitations and Alternatives

Open Journal of Biophysics 2024年第1期14卷 73-77页

作者： serigne m.ussa badiane Elhadji A. L. Bathily Fawrou Seye Louis A.D. Diouf Department of Health Sciences Gaston BERGER University Saint-Louis Senegal Department of Health Sciences Cheikh Anta DIOP University Dakar Senegal Cell Biology and Histology Health Sciences Department Gaston BERGER University Saint-Louis Senegal

Introduction: Near-infrared fluorescence imaging is a technique that will establish itself in the short term at the international level because it is recognized for its potential to improve the performance of surgical interventions, its moderate investment and operating costs and its portability. Although the technology is now mature, there is currently the problem of the availability of contrast agents to be injected IV. The aim of this methodology article is to propose an alternative solution to the need for contrast agents for clinical research, particularly in oncology. methodology: They consist of coupling a fluorescent marker in the form of an NHS derivative, such as IR DYE manufactured in compliance with GmP, with therapeutic monoclonal antibodies having marketing authorization for molecular imaging. For a given antibody, the marking procedure must be the subject of a validation file on the final preparation filtered on a sterilizing membrane at 0.22 μm. Once the procedure has been validated, it would be unnecessary to repeat the tests before each clinical research examination. A check of the marking by thin-layer chromatography (TLC) and place it in a sample bank at +4˚C for 1 month of each injected formulation would be sufficient for additional tests if necessary. Conclusion: molecular near-infrared fluorescence imaging is experiencing development, the process of which could be accelerated by greater availability of clinical contrast agents. Alternative solutions are therefore necessary to promote clinical research in this area. These methods must be shared to make it easier for researchers.

关键词： Fluorescence Imaging Contrast Agents Clinical Research

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Hydrogeophysical and Structural Investigations Using VES: A Case Study of Dosso Region in the Southwestern Part of the meso-Cenozoic Iullemmeden Basin (Southwestern Niger)

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Open Journal of Geology 2024年第1期14卷 50-80页

作者： Abdou Ali Ibrahim Huguette C. Emvoutou Alain Zanga Konaté m.ussa serigne Faye Department of Life and Earth Sciences Ecole Normale Supérieure Université Abdou Moumouni Niamey Niger Department of Earth Sciences Faculty of Sciences University of Douala Douala Cameroon Department of Geology Faculty of Sciences and Techniques University Cheikh Anta Diop of Dakar Dakar Senegal Department of Geology Faculty of Sciences and Techniques Université Abdou Moumouni Niamey Niger

A regional study connecting geolelectrical surveys with geology and hydrogeology was carried out in the western part of the Iullemmeden basin, precisely in the Dosso region in Niger. One hundred and four (104) vertical electrical sounds have been realized, among them nineteen representative were thus be used as parametric surveys. The local resistivity values of the geological formations of Quaternary range from 100 Ω⋅m to 1000 Ω⋅m (sands and lateritic sandstones). The Oligo-miocene formation of the Continental terminal (Ct) shows resistivity values ranging from 1 to 5 Ω⋅m (brackish groundwaters) to 1500 Ω⋅m (clay sandstones) while the Upper Cretaceous formation of the Continental “hamadien” (Ch) indicates values ranging from 20 Ω⋅m (sandy clay) to 5000 Ω⋅m (clayey sandstones). The geological formations of Paleocene have values from 2 Ω⋅m (marls) to 60 Ω⋅m (calcareous marl), while the Precambrian basement exhibits values of granite around 300 Ω⋅m to 60,000 Ω⋅m. The update of the structural settings reveals many faults in the study area which explain both the shape of the basin and the geometry of the aquifers. Tectonics is also consistent with the hydraulic characteristics of aquifers. In addition, brackish groundwaters were identified as perched aquifer groundwaters in different depths in Dosso region. They probably come from the marine brines during the regression of the Paleocene Sea.

关键词： Vertical Electrical Soundings Continental Terminal Continental “Hamadien” Brackish Groundwaters Iullemmeden Basin Dosso Region

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Subacute Hyperthyroidism Induced by Treatment with Lithium Salts

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Open Journal of Biophysics 2023年第2期13卷 29-33页

作者： serigne m.ussa badiane Kalidou Gueye Amadou Diop Dia Amadou Barro Biophysics and Nuclear medicine Faculty of Health Sciences Gaston Berger University of Saint-Louis Senegal Department of Biophysics and Nuléaire médicine Cheikh Anta Diop University Dakar Senegal ENT Department Cheikh Anta Diop University Dakar Senegal

Lithium treatment is usually indicated in bipolar disorder. It is associated with hypothyroidism and very rarely with hyperthyroidism. We report here the results of the exploration of a case of thyrotoxicosis occurring during treatment with lithium salts. This was a 16-year-old patient with ongoing lithium treatment for two and a half years who presented with a thyrotoxicosis syndrome without a context of iodine overload or an episode of anterior cervical pain that could suggest subacute thyroiditis or orthopathic sign. The assessment of the exploration of this patient reveals biological hyperthyroidism without anti-TSH receptor antibodies, a normal ultrasound, and white scintigraphy which makes it possible to evoke the diagnosis of subacute thyroiditis (absence of the context of iodine overload). Note the interest in a thyroid assessment before and during treatment with lithium salts. moreover, scintigraphy occupies a place of choice in the exploration of hyperthyroidism, particularly in the context of normal thyroid ultrasound imaging.

关键词： Hyperthyroidism Lithium Scintigraphy

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Evaluation of the Knowledge of CT Scan Prescribers on Patients’ Radioprotection in Senegal

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Open Journal of Biophysics 2019年第3期9卷 204-217页

作者： serigne m.ussa badiane Pape Ibrahima Sane Coumba Ndoffene Ndiaye Kalidou Gueye Oumar Ndoye Kuassi m. Amoussou-Guenou mamadou mbodji Biophysics and Nuclear medicine Gaston Berger University Saint-Louis Senegal Biophysics and Nuclear medicine Cheikh Anta DIOP University Dakar Senegal Biophysics and Nuclear medicine Abomey-Clavi Benin University Benin

medical imaging has enabled major improvements in the medical care of the patient. However, some of these tests have the disadvantage of using ionizing radiation at low doses. Although the CT scan is a powerful diagnostic tool, it remains a highly radiant imaging modality. In addition, the risk of radiation-induced cancer associated with low X-ray doses is established by the American Phase 2 study BEIR VII, and preventive measures require a good level of knowledge on radioprotection by imaging test prescribers. In our study, we evaluated the knowledge of CT scan prescribers in Senegal regarding patient radioprotection. These prescribers consisted of physicians and surgeons without distinction of specialty. Our objective was to have the required data for optimizing CT prescriptions in compliance with the principles of radioprotection. Our work focused on a descriptive analytical study of 107 doctors who prescribed CT scan in public health institutions in Senegal. Our results revealed poor knowledge of doctors prescribing CT scan on induced radio risks, even though the majority of them stated that they took those risks into account. Our data were not isolated, they were applicable to similar studies conducted outside Senegal. In summary, our study led on the one hand to recommendations on initial and continuing training and on the other hand on organizational and regulatory considerations.

关键词： Radioprotection Risk of Radiation-Induced Cancer CT Scan Prescribers Health Institutions in Senegal

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Total Hip Prosthesis in Dakar and Forensic Implication

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Forensic medicine and Anatomy Research 2018年第3期6卷 37-46页

作者： El Hadji Oumar Ndoye serigne m.ussa badiane mohamadou m. Soumah Sidy Ahmet Dia mame Coumba Fall mor Ndiaye Faculty of medicine Pharmaceutics and Odonto-Stomatology UCAD Service de Médecine Légaleet du Travail Dakar Sénégal Faculty of Health Sciences University Gaston Berger (UGB) Saint-Louis Sénégal

The total hip prosthesis is the ultimate treatment of the hip joint’s wear. It is a delicate surgery and the most common replacements. This study was performed in the Orthopaedic-Traumatology Department of Public Health Establishment of Aristide Le Dantec in Dakar. It aimed to determine the complications of our total hip and highlight their forensic implications. This is a retrospective study from patients collected from January 2000 up to December 2010. The collection of elements records was performed for each patient, based on a file including age, sex, primary-location’s etiology, and types of complications of total hip prostheses. The analysis of these complications has shown that infections, poorly lit information, poor operational planning and technical foul may be the main cause of a forensic implication. This is a retrospective study from patients collected from January 2000 up to December 2010. No lawsuit has been recorded for the complications identified in this work. This is due to the belief in fate, ignorance of the victims and solidarity of the medical profession, the high cost and slow pace of judicial proceedings. The diagnosis of total hip prosthesis complications is mainly based on imaging tests. The absence of scintigraphy in our center remains a limit to the early diagnosis of multiple complications and the proper establishment of the epidemiological profile of these lesions. Taking consciences patients of their rights encourages a legitimate requirement repair the harm inflicted.

关键词： Total Hip Replacement Forensic Implications Bone Scintigraphy Articular and Bone Imaging

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Hydrodynamics and Recharge of the Aioune Sandstone Aquifer in the Taoudenni Transboundary Basin in mauritania

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Journal of Water Resource and Protection 2018年第7期10卷 681-698页

作者： Bacar Sidi Haiba Teiss serigne Faye Department of Geology Cheikh Anta Diop University Dakar Senegal National Water Resources Center Nouakchott Mauritania

In mauritanian, 4/5 of the territory is subject to an arid climate, where groundwater resources are the main sources of drinking water for populations and livestock. The study area is located in south-eastern mauritania and in the western part of the Taoudenni Transboundary Basin. A better knowledge of the hydrogeological system to ensure a sustainable and rational management is necessary for this vulnerable water resource. This pioneering study, based on the compilation of hydrogeological, geochemical and isotopic data, aims to characterize the hydrodynamics and recharge of this one layer aquifer system, composed of Aioune infracambrian sandstone. The piezometric surface exhibits relatively the same morphology of the soil topography, and computed effective velocity is 94 m/yr (Northeast area), and the direction of flow is generally from cliff to plains area. The chemical data show water types evolving between two poles namely the HCO3-Ca/mg pole (low mineralized), and the Cl-Ca/Na pole;these waters are characterized by a high vulnerability to pollution, especially at shallow depth area (Douerare, Aioune). The dissolution of bicarbonate and evaporate minerals is likely the main source of mineralization. The isotopic tool used to support comprehension of the system functioning, evidences a local indirect recharge water localized at the cliff or Wadi zones. The age of the waters ranges from the present to 1060 year. The recharge rate calculated by 14C and the chloride masse balance is respectively 0.4 to 5 mm/year. This recharge compared to the water pumping rate is lower and hence this imbalance is likely the cause of water shortages particularly during summer season period.

关键词： Aioune Isotopes Hydrochemistry Piezometry Recharge

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Characterizations of Drinking Water Quality for Populations of Hann Bel-Air (Dakar, Senegal)

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Journal of Water Resource and Protection 2020年第10期12卷 898-909页

作者： Alassane Thiam Amadou Babacar Sarr serigne modou Sarr UFR Sciences de l’Ingénieur Université de Thiès Thiès Sénégal Institut de Formation et de Recherches médicales Dakar Sénégal Institut Supérieur de Formation Agricole et Rurale Université Alioune Diop Bambey Sénégal

Populations of Hann Bel-Air municipality are supplied with drinking water from taps water of “Sénégalaise Des Eaux” (SDE) and Jambar pumps which capturie directly the groundwater. This municipality is characterized by a strong environmental pollution which can affect the quality of drinking water. To determine actual quality of that water, 10 samples were taken and analyzed. Physico-chemical results have shown that tap water is more suitable for domestic consumption than Jambar pump water. The results show that physical parameters such as electrical conductivity (maximum value of 2671 μS/cm) exceed World Health Organization standard. The pH of the water from Jambar pumps is between 6.04 and 6.09, which demonstrates the aggressive character of that water. For tap water, pH values of 7.03 to 7.09 demonstrate their alkalinity. For chemical analyses, bicarbonates and sulphates concentrations respectively meet World Health Organization standards. Tap water meets World Health Organization standard for nitrates. With respect to chloride, the threshold of 250 mg/L is exceeded at all levels, but we note that high chloride concentrations are part of the exemptions granted to SDE. Tap water and water from water table have concentrations of calcium, potassium, iron and magnesium irreproachable. For sodium, EP3, EP4 and P5 samples from the web exceed World Health Organization standard with a peak of 310.27 mg/L. Tap water is more drinkable than groundwater but its quality needs to be improved and especially controlled for the well-being and sustainable health of consumers.

关键词： Hann Bel-Air Water Resources Physico-Chemical Analyses Quality

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Emergency Drainage of Upper Urinary Tract with a Double Catheter in the Hospital General de Grand Yoff of Dakar (HOGGY)

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Open Journal of Urology 2016年第2期6卷 13-18页

作者： madina Ndoye mahamat Ali mahamat Gille Natchagande mohamed Jalloh Lamine Niang serigne m. Gueye Cheikh Anta Diop University Grand Yoff General Hospital (HOGGY) of Dakar Dakar Senegal

Goals: The goals are to assess the use of Double Jendo-prostheses in urinary obstructions in the Hospital General de Grand Yoff of Dakar (HOGGY). Patients and methods: This is a 4-year retrospective study (1st January 2009-31st December 2012). The study included all patients with obstruction of the upper urinary tract, and with a reversing type Double Jendo-prostheses. Findings: A total of 82 patients were chosen for this study, including 41 males. Patient’s average age was 45 years. Kidney failure accounted for 11.5% of the causes of consultations. Lithiasic obstacles (34.2%) and tumours (21.5%) were the most recurrent. Catheter was successfully placed in 78% of cases, and highly contributed to improve renal function in 69% of cases. The frequently complications found in patients with Double J Catheters were back pain and urinary tract infections. Four cases of catheters calcifications were reported. Catheter was replaced in 62.2% of patients within an average period of 6.9 months. Conclusion: Double J Catheters remain important in the preservation of renal function in case of obstruction. Its use requires a mastery of these indications and a rigorous follow-up.

关键词： Renal Failure Drainage Double J Stent

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Larvicidal activity of Neem oil and three plant essential oils from Senegal against Chrysodeixis chalcites(Esper, 1789)

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Biomedicine 2018年第1期8卷 67-72页

作者： Saliou Ngom Raimundo Cabrera Perez ma Anta mbow Rokhaya Fall Saliou Niassy Andreea Cosoveanu serigne mbacké Diop El Hadji Barka Ndiaye moussoukhoye Diop Georges Lognay Institut Sénégalais de Recherches Agricoles Unidad de Fitopatologia Facultad de Biología Universidad de la Laguna Département de chimie Faculté des Sciences et Techniques Université Cheikh Anta Diop de Dakar Development University of Pretoria Gembloux Agro-Bio Tech Université de Liège Chimie Analytique Department Agro Bio Tech

Objective: To evaluate the insecticide, larvicidal and repellent activity of the essential oils from Callistemon viminalis, melaleuca leucadendron, and Hyptis suaveolens against Chrysodeixis chalcites and to compare it with neem oil(Azadirachta indica). methods: The essential oils of the leaves of these aromatiques plants were extracted by steam distillation and contacts tests were carried out. Results: Essential oils in ethanol from Callistemon viminalis showed a higher biological activity than the neem with 100% larval mortality at the concentration of 2 μg/m L for 6 h, 100% and 90% in ethanol from melaleuca leucadendron and Hyptis suaveolens, respectively at the concentration of 4 μg/m L for 24 h. By inhalation, the essential oils from melaleuca leucadendron and of Hyptis suaveolens were more effective with mortality rates of larvae 100% and 50% respectively at 2 μg/L air applied after 24 h. Nevertheless, the neem has shown to be a repulsive plant and anti-nutritional plant. A significant difference in the percentages of consumption between leaves treated with neem oil and the control samples was observed(Newman-Keuls test) except for melaleuca leucadendron. Conclusions: The results of the study highlight remarkable biocide, properties of tested extracts, which provides important opportunities for the development of biopesticides.

关键词： Plant extracts Chemical constituents Insecticidal activity Chrysodeixis

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Recycling Tailings Seepage Water for Diogo Heavy minerals mine Sustainability (Northern Senegal)

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Journal of Water Resource and Protection 2018年第1期10卷 121-144页

作者： mouhamat Seck serigne Faye mark Robertson michael Rose Department of Geology University Cheikh Anta Diop Dakar Senegal Grande Cote Operations (GCO) Dakar Senegal GEO-ENG Queensland Australia

The sandy Quaternary and the deep maastrichtian aquifers located in the northern coastal zone of Senegal, from the locality of Kayar in the south to Saint-Louis in the north, constitute the main sources of water supply for urban and local needs as well as mining activities. The Quaternary aquifer that provides the water required for the irrigation of local farmlands, hosts a significant heavy mineral sands deposit currently being mined by the Grande Cote Operations (GCO). As a result of variable rainfall and increased water abstraction, this shallow aquifer has recorded a continuous water level decline since 1970, with potential negative effects on both the social and economic development of the region. The mining of heavy minerals (zircon, ilmenite, leucoxene and rutile) at GCO is realised through conventional dredging techniques that require large volumes of water (up to 60,000 m3/d). The water pumped by the dredge to enable the extraction of the heavy minerals, infiltrates into the shallow aquifer, runs-off into the dredge pond or evaporates. The objective of this study is to evaluate a water balance that enables the provision of a permanent water supply to the dredge pond, whilst minimising the risk of flooding of the cropping depressions adjacent to the mine site or drying out of the farming wells. The hydrodynamic model implemented for this purpose was calibrated and tested during the first year of operation. The Root mean Squared Error (RmSE) obtained for the calibration is approximately 0.52 m. The predictions indicate a requirement for the system to recover part of the tailings infiltration through dewatering boreholes. The quantity of recycled water is estimated at 16,000 m3/d on average. The model simulations show an additional water requirement, extracted from the deep maastrichtian aquifer, varying between 23,000 and 28,000 m3/d to achieve the optimum pond water level.

关键词： mineral Sands Groundwater modelling Dredge Pond Grande Cote Operations Fe Flow

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