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Exposure to Fine Particles by Mine Tailing and Lung Function Effects in a Panel of Schoolchildren,Chanaral,Chile

Journal of Environmental Protection 2015年第2期6卷 118-128页

作者： Karla Yohannessen Vasquez sergio alvarado orellana Stephanie Mesias Monsalve Jose Klarian Vergara Claudio Silva Zamora Daniella Vidal Munoz Dante D.Caceres Lillo Programa de Salud Ambiental Escuela de Salud PublicaFacultad de MedicinaUniversidad de ChileSantiago de ChileChile Grups de Recerca d’America i AfricaLlatines Unitat de BioestadisticaFacultat de MedicinaUniversitat Autonoma de BarcelonaBarcelonaEspana Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud Universidad de TarapacaAricaChile Departamento de Prevencion de Riesgos y Medio Ambiente Universidad Tecnologica MetropolitanaSantiagoChile

There is much literature on the effects of fine particulate matter (PM2.5) on respiratory and cardiovascular health. However, few studies have evaluated the impact of PM2.5 on a population living in the vicinity of a massive deposit of mine tailings. A longitudinal panel study was performed to evaluate the association between exposure to PM2.5 and acute effects on lung function in schoolchildren from November 2012 to May 2013. Ambient levels of PM2.5 and its metal composition were measured. Lung function was evaluated using spirometric testing. Associations were quantified using GEE multilevel analysis controlling for confounders by using different lag time periods. The chemical characterization of PM2.5 had high levels of S > Na > Cl > Ca > Si > Fe > Al > Mg > K > Cu > Ti > and Zn, which would be associated with metals present in tailings. We found a negative association between the temporal variation of PM2.5 and changes in lung function specifically on forced vital capacity. Our results suggest that schoolchildren exposed to fine particulate matter from tailings deposited in the bay of Chanaral have their forced vital capacity decreased, which would affect their present and future lung development, increasing the risk of developing chronic respiratory diseases.

关键词： Mine Tailings Fine Particulate Matter Heavy Metals Lung Function Schoolchildren

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Evaluation of Clinical Characteristics and Plasma Cortisol Concentrations in Individuals with COVID-19 and Post-COVID Syndrome

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Case Reports in Clinical Medicine 2024年第1期13卷 12-24页

作者： David Alejandro García López Stephania Ramos Hernández Yamile López-Hernández María Argelia López Luna Elena Donaji Ramírez alvarado Rosa María Ramírez Santoyo sergio Hugo Sánchez Rodríguez Laboratorio de Biología Celular y Neurobiología Universidad Autónoma de Zacatecas México Zacatecas Unidad Académica de Ciencias Químicas Universidad Autónoma de Zacatecas México Zacatecas Laboratorio de Metabolómica y Proteómica Universidad Autónoma de Zacatecas México Zacatecas Laboratorio de Bacterias y Hongos filamentosos Universidad Autónoma de Zacatecas México Zacatecas

COVID-19 generates systematic alterations in humans both in active stages of infection and over time, called post-COVID syndrome. Cortisol is a hormone that is overexpressed in inflammation and cellular stress processes. Its main function is to return to physiological homeostasis, so its evaluation together with other clinical parameters can allow us to determine the degree of systemic affectation by COVID-19. Objective: To evaluate changes in clinical parameters and plasma cortisol concentrations in patients with active COVID-19 and post-COVID syndrome. Material and Methods: Healthy patients, in stages of mild infection, critical and with post-COVID syndrome, were recruited, obtaining, through clinical diagnoses and interviews, their main clinical characteristics, in addition to plasma, in which cortisol concentrations were determined using competitive ELISA. Results: The critical stage group had higher frequencies of comorbidities, clinical symptoms, as well as more altered laboratory parameters compared to the other subgroups. In the post-COVID syndrome group after the initial infection, most laboratory parameters recovered, however, several clinical symptoms remained latent over time. The determination of cortisol showed an increase in its concentration, being higher in patients in critical stage and with post-COVID syndrome. Conclusion: COVID-19 disease generates clinical alterations that trigger an increase in plasma cortisol. These alterations increase as the stages of infection become more severe and some of them remain altered in patients with post-COVID syndrome.

关键词： COVID-19 Cortisol Post-COVID Syndrome

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Molecular analysis of hepatitis B virus isolates in Mexico:Predominant circulation of hepatitis B virus genotype H

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2006年第40期12卷 6540-6545页

作者： Cosme alvarado-Esquivel Erwin Sablon Carlos Jesús Conde-GonzálezNational Institute of Public Health Cuernavaca Morelos Mexico Luis Juárez-Figueroa Lilia Ruiz-Maya sergio-Aguilar Benavides Faculty of Medicine Universidad Juárez del Estado de Durango Durango Dgo Mexico Innogenetics NV Ghent Belgium National Institute of Public Health Cuernavaca Morelos Mexico Regional Laboratory of Epidemiologic Reference Guadalajara Jal Mexico

AIM: To determine the genotypes in Mexican hepatitis Bvirus (HBV) isolates and characterize their precore andcore promoter ***: Forty-nine HBV isolates of Mexico obtainedfrom sera of 15 hepatitis patients, 6 hemodialysis pa-tients, 20 men seeking HIV testing, and 8 AIDS patientswere analyzed. HBV isolates were amplified by PCR,and genotyped by line probe assay (INNO-LiPA HBVGenotyping; INNOGENETICS N V, Ghent, Belgium).HBV genotype confirmation was performed by DNAsequencing part of the sAg region. Precore and core pro-moter mutation characterization was performed by lineprobe assay (INNO-LiPA HBV PreCore; INNOGENETICS NV, Ghent, Belgium).RESULTS: Overall, HBV genotype H was found in 37(75.5%) out of the 49 isolates studied. HBV genotypesG, A, and D were found in 5 (10.2%), 4 (8.2%), and 3(6.1%) isolates, respectively. HBV genotype H was pre-dominant in isolates from hemodialysis patients (100%),hepatitis patients (80%), and men seeking HIV test-ing (75%), and accounted for half of infections in AIDSpatients (50%). Six (12.2%) out of the 49 HBV isolatesshowed both wild type and mutant populations at pre-core codon 28. These mixed wild type and precore mu-tant populations were observed in one HBV genotype Aisolate and in all HBV genotype G isolates. A dual variantcore promoter mutation was observed in 1 (2%) of theisolates, which was genotype ***: HBV genotype H is highly predominantin HBV isolates of Mexico followed by genotypes G, Aand D. A low frequency of precore and core promotermutations is observed in HBV Mexican isolates.

关键词： Hepatitis B virus Genotypes Mutations Molecular epidemiology

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Seroprevalence study of infection with influenza A(H1N1)pdm09 virus in San Felipe Town, Chile

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World Journal of Cardiovascular Diseases 2013年第7期3卷 476-482页

作者： Olea Andrea Fasce Rodrigo Aguilera Ximena Oliva Otavio Munoz sergio Garcia Maritza Pedroni Elena Najera Manuel Guerrero Andrea Bustos Patricia Mora Judith Vega Jeanette Cerda Jaime Abarca Katia McCarron Meg Widdowson Marc-Alain Castillo Ernesto alvarado sergio Quijada Sandra Gallegos Doris Gonzalez Claudia Center of Epidemiology and Health Policies Department Faculty of MedicineUniversidad del DesarrolloConcepcionChile Section of Respiratory and Exanthematous viruses Sub-Department of Clinical VirologyInstitute of Public HealthMinistry of HealthSantiagoChile Center of Epidemiology and Health Policies of the Universidad del Desarrollo ConcepcionChile Panamerican Health Organization Washington DCUSA Public Health Department and Pediatrics Division Faculty of MedicinePontifical Catholic University of ChileSantiagoChile Centers for Diseases Control and Prevention AtlantaUSA Center for Micro Data Economics DepartmentUniversity of ChileSantiagoChile Epidemiology and Health Policies Department Universidad del DesarrolloConcepcionChile

Objective: To know the natural history of the first wave of pandemic influenza A(H1N1)pdm09 in the Southern hemisphere, through the detection of antibodies against influenza A(H1N1)pdm09 in a selected community, to estimate the population attack rate and its variations, the consultation rates, hospitallization and mortality rates. Methodology: A representative random sample of the population of a commune in Chile (San Felipe) was interviewed and taken blood samples between January and March 2010. A study against the antibodies of the influenza A(H1N1) pdm09 virus was conducted, by the technique of the Hemaglutination Inhibition (HAI) according to standardized methodology. Subjects with antibody titers ≥1:40 were considered positive. Results: 13.5% of the population of San Felipe had antibodies against influenza A(H1N1)pdm09;this percentage reached 30% of the population between 0 and 18 years and 6.1% among those over 19 years. The age variable was the only factor that evidenced significant differences in the prevalence of antibodies. There were no significant differences related to gender, vaccination history against seasonal inluenza, or comorbidity. 51% of people with positive serology showed IN-FLUENZA-LIKE SYMPTOMS. Conclusions: A relevant percentage of subclinical disease was detected in the first pandemic wave in Chile and the proportion of people with SARI and deaths was small. Data from epidemiological surveillance were useful to estimate the trend of TSI but not its magnitude.

关键词： Influenza A(H1N1)pdm09 Influenza Seroprevalence

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Business Architecture： A Case Study of a Medium Enterprise in Mexico

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通讯和计算机（中英文版） 2014年第1期11卷 22-29页

作者： Alicia Valdez Menchaca sergio Castaneda alvarado Gloria Campos Posada Alma Domfnguez Lugo Alicia Silva Avila Samuel Hernandez Donjuan Research Center Faculty of Engineering Mechanical and Electrical University Autonomous of Coahuila Coahuila Mexico Academic Unit Computer Systems Faculty of Engineering Mechanical and Electrical University Autonomous of CoahuilaCoahuila Mexico

Enterprise architecture is a subject that has increased its importance in the small and medium enterprises in the manufacturing sector of the industry in Mexico. The global competitiveness of the markets has influenced the adoption of methodologies that support the strategic alignment of the processes with the goals and strategic objectives of the firms. The components of the business architecture like mission, vision, strategic objectives, products, organizational structure, business processes, clients and geographic region, were collected from the firm of the case study for the design of the architecture. As a result of the practical application, an implementation model has been created and four strategic objectives were established for to improve productivity and competitiveness. This paper is a result of the research project of analysis, design and implementing business architecture in a medium size manufacturing company like partial architecture of an enterprise using ontologies for representing the core elements of the business architecture; the study presents clearly the importance of the strategic planning for the analysis and the detection of the main faults for the success of the achievement of goals and objectives.

关键词：业务架构中型企业墨西哥全球竞争力建筑设计中小型企业组织结构组成部分

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