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Fluctuating fine-scale spatial genetic structure in the common shrews (Eulipotyphla, Mammalia)

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Integrative Zoology 2023年第3期18卷 469-492页

作者： nikolay A.SHCHIPAnOV Artem V.ARTAMOnOV sergey V.TITOV Svetlana V.PAVLOVA A.n.Severtsov Institute of Ecology and Evolution Russian Academy of SciencesMoscowRussia Department of Zoology and Ecology Penza State UniversityPenzaRussia

The spatial genetic structure is a topical issue in the studies of various aspects of ecology and *** the multilocus autocorrelation method with hypervariable microsatellite genetic markers,we investigated aﬁne-scale pattern of genetic structure in 5 local populations of the common shrew Sorex araneus separated by distances of 300–1000 m(the Moscow chromosomal race).Spatial genetic autocorrelation analysis based on 5 microsatellite loci(expected heterozygosity>0.79)with 90 alleles revealed a consistent pattern of signiﬁcant positive genetic *** testing the autocorrelation at multiple scales from 25 to 500 m,we found that positive spatial genetic structure is detectable in distance classes ofnetic structure positively correlated with a higher ratio of nonresident individuals to residents’activity(number of captures).In contrast to nonresident animals,the residents demonstrated prominent genetic *** difference(FST)between the populations was signiﬁcant(0.016–0.051)and comparable with that between populations of different races analyzed previously(0.016–0.038).FST was not associated with geographic *** demographic patterns allowed us to propose a scheme of genetic-structure dynamics involving periodic appearance of more related local groups and renewal of allelic proﬁles fromаcommon pool where the alleles are *** scheme predictsﬂuctuating genetic structure and random similar differences among local populations.

关键词： demographic pattern geneﬂow microsatellite spatial autocorrelation

Phylogeny of Brucella abortus strains isolated in the Russian Federation

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Medicine 2021年第7期14卷 323-329页

作者： Dmitry A.Kovalev Dmitriy G.Ponomarenko sergey V.Pisarenko nikolay A.Shapakov Anna A.Khachaturova natalia S.Serdyuk Olga V.Bobrysheva Alexander n.Kulichenko Stavropol Research Anti-Plague Institute 355035StavropolRussian Federation

Objective: To study Brucella(B.) abortus strains isolated in the Russian Federation, in order to identify their detailed position in the phylogenetic structure of the species global population as well as to determine genetic relationships for isolates from different geographical ***: Based on Bayesian method, the whole genome singlenucleotide polymorphism(SnP) analysis of 258 B. abortus strains from different geographical areas of the world including 20 B. abortus strains isolated in Russia was carried out. Results: The core genome SnP analysis of the B. abortus isolates allowed describing the main genetic lineages. The Russian strains entered two separate clades, including the basal branch and the C1 branch that is widely spread in Eurasia. The data on the isolation time was used for the dating of phylogenetic tree, and also the estimated time frame for the B. abortus genotype diversification was determined. There were sets of specific SnPs identified, which defined each of the genotypes and ***: A significant genetic diversity of the brucellosis pathogen strains from Russia has been proven. The sets of unique specific SnPs described in our study may become one of the elements within a bio-informational analysis algorithm to be used for epidemiological study of brucellosis outbreaks, including those caused by new(atypical) genetic variants of B. abortus.

关键词： Brucella abortus Phylogeny Evolution Genome SnP

Input-to-state dynamical stability of interconnected systems

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Input-to-state dynamical stability of interconnected systems

Age of maturation and behavioral tactics in male yellow ground squirrel Spermophilus fulvus during mating season

Joint 48th IEEE Conference on Decision and Control and 28th Chinese Control Conference

作者： sergey n.Dashkovskiy Lars naujok the Zentrum für Technomathematik Universit?t Bremen

We consider networks of input-to-state dynamically stable（ISDS） systems and provide a small gain condition under which the entire network is again ISDS.A Lyapunov formulation of the nonlinear small gain theorem for two interconnected ISDS systems is *** provides a constructive method to find an ISDS Lyapunov function for such an interconnection.

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Current Zoology 2014年第6期60卷 700-711页

作者： nina A. VASILIEVA Ekaterina V. PAVLOVA sergey V. nAIDEnKO Andrey V.TCHABOVSKY A.n. Severtsov Institute of Ecology and Evolution Russian Academy of Sciences 33 Leninsky pr. Moscow 119071 Russia

Life-history theory predicts that in hibemators age of maturation is related positively to body size and negatively to the duration of active season aboveground. Yellow souslik is a large-sized ground squirrel with long hibernation, which suggests late maturation. We used four-year field observations of marked individuals to determine the age of maturation in males through analysis of age-dependent variation in body size, mass, androgen status, timing of spring emergence, ranging patterns and social behavior during the mating season. Yearling males were smaller, lighter, had lower level of fecal testosterone, emerged later and had smaller home ranges than older males. Social activity and the number of females encountered did not differ between age classes. After the second hibernation none of the studied parameters varied with age. Cluster analysis revealed two behavioral tactics：＂active＂ males （adults only） emerged earlier, ranged more widely, initiated more contacts, encountered more females and were heavier than ＂passive＂ males （both yearling and adult）. Thus, males of S. fulvus reached adult size and matured after two hibernations, which is relatively fast for such a big species with short active period. Indirect evidence for copulations and high variation among yearlings in all parameters suggest that some of them might successfully compete with adults. Active tactic of wandering and searching for females is energetically costly, and probably only adult males in good physical condition can afford it, whereas passive tactic of residing is energy saving and good for adults in poor condition and for yearlings that are continuing to grow.

关键词： Age of maturation Mating system Reproductive tactics Ground squirrel Spermophilusfulvus

Cytotoxicity and non-specific cellular uptake of bare and surface-modified upconversion nanoparticles in human skin cells

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nano Research 2015年第5期8卷 1546-1562页

作者： Anna E. Guller Alia n. Generalova Elena V. Petersen Andrey V. nechaev Inna A. Trusova nikolay n. Landyshev Annemarie nadort Ekaterina A. Grebenik sergey M. Deyev Anatoly B. Shekhter Andrei V. Zvyagin Macquarie University Australia I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University Russia Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry Russian Academy of Sciences Russia nizhny novgorod State University Russia Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology Russia Moscow State University of Fine Chemical Technologies Russia University of Amsterdam the Netherlands

The cytotoxicity and non-specific cellular uptake of the most popular composition of upconversion nanoparticle （UCnP）, naYF4：Yb^3＋：Er^3＋, is reported using normal human skin cells, including dermal fibroblasts and immortalized human epidermal linear keratinocytes （HaCaT）. A new hydrophilization reaction of as-synthesized UCnPs based on tetramethylammonium hydroxide （TMAH） enabled evaluation of the intrinsic cytotoxicity of bare UCnPs. The cytotoxicity effects of the UCnP surface-coating and polystyrene host were investigated over the concentration range 62.5-125 μg/mL with 24-h incubation, using a MTT test and optical microscopy. The fibroblast viability was not compromised by UCnPs, whereas the viability of keratinocytes varied from 52% ± 4% to 100% ± 10% than the control group, depending on the surface modification. Bare UCnPs reduced the keratinocyte viability to 76% ± 3%, while exhibiting profound non-specific cellular uptake. Hydrophilic poly（D,L-lactide）- and poly（maleic anhydride-alt-l-octadecene）-coated UCnPs were found to be least cytotoxic among the polymer-coated UCnPs, and were readily internalized by human skin cells. Polystyrene microbeads impregnated with UCnPs remained nontoxic. Surprisingly, no correlation was found between UCnP cytotoxicity and the internalization level in cells, although the latter ranged broadly from 0.03% to 59%, benchmarked against 100% uptake level of TMAH-UCnPs.

关键词： nanoparticle upconversion surface modification biocompatibility cytotoxicity human skin

Efficient network immunization under limited knowledge

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national Science Review 2021年第1期8卷 127-134页

作者： Yangyang Liu Hillel Sanhedrai Gao Gao Dong Louis M.Shekhtman Fan Wang sergey V.Buldyrev Shlomo Havlin Department of Systems Science National University of Defense Technology Department of Physics Bar-Ilan University Faculty of Science Jiangsu University network Science Institute Northeastern University Department of Physics Yeshiva University

Targeted immunization of centralized nodes in large-scale networks has attracted significant ***, in real-world scenarios, knowledge and observations of the network may be limited, thereby precluding a full assessment of the optimal nodes to immunize（or quarantine） in order to avoid epidemic spreading such as that of the current coronavirus disease（COVID-19） epidemic. Here, we study a novel immunization strategy where only n nodes are observed at a time and the most central among these n nodes is immunized. This process can globally immunize a network. We find that even for small n（≈10） there is significant improvement in the immunization（quarantine）, which is very close to the levels of immunization with full knowledge. We develop an analytical framework for our method and determine the critical percolation threshold p;and the size of the giant component P∞ for networks with arbitrary degree distributions P（k）. In the limit of n →∞ we recover prior work on targeted immunization, whereas for n = 1 we recover the known case of random immunization. Between these two extremes, we observe that, as n increases,p;increases quickly towards its optimal value under targeted immunization with complete information. In particular, we find a new general scaling relationship between |p;（∞）-p;（n）| and n as |p;（∞）-p;（n）| ～n;exp（-αn）. For scale-free（SF） networks, where P（k）～ k;, 2 nd that p;has a transition from zero to nonzero when n increases from n = 1 to O（log n）(where n is the size of the network). Thus, for SF networks, having knowledge of ≈log n nodes and immunizing the most optimal among them can dramatically reduce epidemic spreading. We also demonstrate our limited knowledge immunization strategy on several real-world networks and confirm that in these real networks, p;increases significantly even for small n.

关键词： percolation complex networks network immunization critical phenomena

Single and multi domain buckled germanene phases on Al(111)surface

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nano Research 2019年第12期12卷 2988-2996页

作者： Dmitriy A.Muzychenko sergey I.Oreshkin Vladimir I.Panov Chris Van Haesendonck Andrey I.Oreshkin Faculty of Physics Lomonosov Moscow State University119991 MoscowRussia Sternberg Astronomical Institute Lomonosov Moscow State University119234 MoscowRussia Solid-State Physics and Magnetism Section KU LeuvenBE-3001 LeuvenBelgium

The simultaneous formati on of single domain(3×3)and multi domai n(√7×√7)R(±19.1°)germa nene phases on Al(111)surface in thesub-monolayer range was studied using seanning tunneling microscopy(STM)and density functional theory(DFT)based *** results revealed that both germa nene phases nu cleate and grow in dependently from each other and regardless of Al substratetemperature within significantly expanded range Ts=27-200℃.Our results unambiguously showed that STM images with hexagonalcontrast yield correct-resolved structure for both germanene phases,while honeycomb contrast is a result of an artificial tip-induced STM ***-principles calculations suggested atomic models with strongly buckled germanene(2×2)/Al(111)(3×3)and(√3×√3)R30°/Al(111)(√7×√7)R(±19.1°)with one of eight and one of six Ge atoms protruding upward respectively,that consistently describe the experimentally observed STM images both for single and multi domai n surface *** to the DFT based simulati ons both germa nene(2×2)and(√3×√3)R30°superstructures have a stretched lattice strain with respect to the ideal free-standing germa nene by 6.2%and 13.9%,***,numerous small domains separated by domain boundaries in the(√3×√3)R30°/Al(111)(√7×√7)R(±19.1°)germanenephase tend to reduce the surface energy and prevent the formation of extended single domains,in contrast to the(2×2)/Al(111)(3×3)***,our experimental results showed that the nucleation and growth of germa nene on Al(111)surface yield strong modifications of Alsurface even at room temperature(RT),which may be contributed to the formation of Al-Ge alloy due to Ge surface solid-states reactivitythat was ignored in recent *** is already evident from our present findings that the role of Al atoms in the formation of(3×3)and(√7×√7)R(±19.1°)germa nene phases is worthy to be carefully studied in the future,which could be an important knowledge for large-quantityfabrication of germane

关键词： germanene two-dimensional(2D)materials scanning tunneling microscopy density functional theory aluminum

Web service for biodiversity estimation using remote sensing data

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International Journal of Digital Earth 2008年第4期1卷 367-376页

作者： Mikhail A.Popov nataliia n.Kussul sergey A.Stankevich Anna A.Kozlova Andrii Yu.Shelestov Oleksii M.Kravchenko Mykhailo B.Korbakov Serhiy V.Skakun Scientific Centre for Aerospace Research of the Earth KievUkraine Department of Space Information Technologies and Systems Space Research Institute NASU-NSAUKievUkraine

This paper presents a technique for the assessment and mapping of land biodiversity by using remote sensing *** proposed approach uses a fuzzy model that encapsulates different ecological factors influencing *** imple... 详细信息

关键词： potential biodiversity index remote sensing data product pre-Black Sea region of the Ukraine web service

A GIS-based modeling of snow accumulation and melt processes in the Votkinsk reservoir basin

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Journal of Geographical Sciences 2018年第2期28卷 221-237页

作者： sergey V. PYAnKOV Andrey n. SHIKHOV nikolay A. KALInIn Eugene M. SVIYAZOV Department of Cartography and Geoinformatics Perm State University 15 Bukireva Street 614990 Perm Russia Department of Meteorology and Atmosphere Protection Perm State University 15 Bukireva Street 614990 Perm Russia

Coupled hydrological and atmospheric modeling is an efficient method for snowmelt runoff forecast in large basins. We use short-range precipitation forecasts of mesoscale at- mospheric Weather Research and Forecasting （WRF） model combining them with ground-based and satellite observations for modeling snow accumulation and snowmelt processes in the Votkinsk reservoir basin （184,319 km2）. The method is tested during three winter seasons （2012-2015）. The MODIS-based vegetation map and leaf area index data are used to calculate the snowmelt intensity and snow evaporation in the studied basin. The GIS-based snow accumulation and snowmelt modeling provides a reliable and highly detailed spatial distribution for snow water equivalent （SWE） and snow-covered areas （SCA）. The modelling results are validated by comparing actual and estimated SWE and SCA data. The actual SCA results are derived from MODIS satellite data. The algorithm for assessing the SCA by MODIS data （ATBD-MOD 10） has been adapted to a forest zone. In general, the proposed method provides satisfactory results for maximum SWE calculations. The calculation accuracy is slightly degraded during snowmelt periods. The SCA data is simulated with a higher reliability than the SWE data. The differences between the simulated and actual SWE may be explained by the overestimation of the WRF-simulated total precipitation and the unrepresentativeness of the SWE measurements （snow survey）.

关键词： snow accumulation and snowmelt processes snow water equivalent GIS-based modeling WRF-ARW model