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Sediment tr.nspor. in headwater. of a volcanic catchment Kamchatka Peninsula case study

Fr.ntier. of Ear.h Science 2017年第3期11卷 565-578页

作者： sergey r. chalov Anatolii S. TSYPLENKOV Jan PIETr.N Aleksandr. S. chalovA Danila I. SHKOLNYI Jer.er.JAr.JO Michael MAEr.Er Faculty of Geogr.phy M. V. Lomonosov Moscow State University Moscow 119911 Russia Depar.ment of Physical Geogr.phy and the Bolin Centr. for.Climate r.sear.h Stockholm University Stockholm 10691 Sweden Depar.ment of Ear.h and Envir.nmental Sciences Pavia University Pavia 27100 Italy

Due to specific envir.nmental conditions, headwater.catchments located on volcanic slopes and valleys ar. char.cter.zed by distinctive hydr.logy and sediment tr.nspor. patter.s. However. lack of sufficient monitor.ng causes that the gover.ing pr.cesses and patter.s in these ar.as ar. r.r.ly well under.tood. In this study, spatiotempor.l water.dischar.e and sediment tr.nspor. fr.m upstr.am sour.es was investigated in one of the numer.us headwater.catchments located in the lahar.valleys of the Kamchatka Peninsula Sukhaya Elizovskaya r.ver.near.Avachinskii and Kor.akskii volcanoes. Thr.e differ.nt subcatchments and cor.esponding channel types （wander.ng r.ver. within lahar.valleys, mountain r.ver. within volcanic slopes and r.ver. within submountain ter.ains） wer. identified in the studied ar.a. Our.measur.- ments fr.m differ.nt per.ods of obser.ations between year. 2012-2014 showed that the studied catchment was char.cter.zed by extr.me diur.al fluctuation of water.dischar.es and sediment loads that wer. influenced by snowmelt patter.s and high infiltr.tion r.tes of the easily er.dible lahar.deposits. The highest r.cor.ed sediment loads wer. up to 9-104 mg/L which was r.lated to an incr.ase of two or.er. of magnitude within a one day of obser.ations. Additionally, to get a quantitative estimate of the spatial distr.bution of the er.ded mater.al in the volcanic substr.tes we applied an empir.cal soil er.sion and sediment yield model - modified univer.al soil loss equation （MUSLE）. The modeling r.sults showed that even if the applications of the univer.al er.sion model to differ.nt non-agr.cultur.l ar.as （e.g., volcanic catchments） can lead to ir.elevant r.sults, the MUSLE model deliver.d might be acceptable for.non-lahar.ar.as of the studied volcanic catchment. Over.ll the r.sults of our.studyincr.ase our.under.tanding of the hydr.logy and asso- ciated sediment tr.nspor. for.pr.diction of r.sk manage- ment within headwater.volcanic catchments.

关键词： sediment tr.nspor. volcanoes lahar. Kam-chatka Peninsula MUSLE er.sion

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Assessing suspended sediment fluxes with acoustic Doppler.cur.ent pr.filer.:case study fr.m lar.e r.ver. in r.ssia

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Big Ear.h Data 2022年第4期6卷 504-526页

作者： sergey chalov Vsevolod Mor.ido Victor.Ivanov Aleksandr. chalova Faculty of Geogr.phy Lomonosov Moscow State UniversityMoscowRussia Institute of Physics Kazan Federal UniversityKazanRussia Flood Hydr.logy Lab Water Problems Institute of Russian Academy of SciencesMoscowRussia

Sur.ogate measur.s ar. becoming incr.asingly used to measur. suspended sediment flux,but only few par.icular.computer.techniques of data pr.cessing ar. r.cently *** study demonstr.tes capabilities of acoustic Doppler.cur.ent pr.filer.(ADCPs)to infer.infor.ation r.gar.ing suspended-sand concentr.tions in r.ver.systems and calculate suspended sediment flux via big data analytics which includes pr.cess of analyzing and data mining of measur.ments based on ADCP signal backscatter.intensity *** pr.sent her. specific codes done by r.language using r.tudio softwar. with open-sour.e tidyver.e and plotly packages aimed to gener.te tables containing data of suspended load for.cells,ver.icals and whole cr.ss-section based on backscatter.ng values fr.m 600 kH Teledyne r.Instr.ments r.oGr.nde Wor.Hor.e ADCP unit,as well per.or. estimates of mor.hometr.c,suspended sediment concentr.tion(SSC)and velocity char.cter.stics of the *** developed tools enabled to pr.cess lar.e data ar.ay consisting of over.56,526,480 geo-r.fer.nced values of r.ver.depth,str.amflow velocity,and backscatter.intensity for.each r.ver.cr.ss-section measur.d at six case study sites in r.ssia.

关键词： Big data ADCP backscatter.intensity sediment tr.nspor.

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Geomor.hologic map of the 1st Mutnaya r.ver.Southeaster. Kamchatka,r.ssia

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Jour.al of Mountain Science 2017年第12期14卷 2373-2390页

作者： gheor.he r.manescu sergey chalov cr.stian constantin stoler.u alin mihu-pintilie silvia eleonor. angiler. yulia kuznetsova mar.aelena cama michael maer.er alexandr. ioan cuza univer.ity of iasi faculty of geography and geologydepartment of geographylasi 700505 Romania lomonosov moscow state univer.ity faculty of geographyMoscow 119234Russia alexandr. ioan cuza univer.ity of iasi interdisciplinary research department–field science700505Romania univer.itàdegli studi di paler.o department of earth and marine sciencesPalerm 90133italy tübingen univer.ity department for geographyTubingen 72074Germany univer.itàdegli studi di pavia department of earth and environmental sciencesPavia 90133Italy heidelber. academy of sciences and humanities Heidelberg 69117Germany

The Kamchatka Peninsula - situated in the Pacific ＂r.ng of Fir.＂ - has 29 active and over.4oo extinct volcanoes. Since it is situated in the nor.heaster. extr.mity of r.ssia, in subar.tic climate, the volcanic landfor.s ar. over.r.nted by the 446 glacier.. This r.sear.h focuses on the ltMutnaya catchment which dr.ins the souther. slopes of two active volcanoes： Avachinsky and Kor.aksky. Those volcanoes ar. a per.anent thr.at for.the cities of Petr.pavlovsk and Elizovo, which ar. the 2 of 3 cities of the peninsula. Hence, most of the studies car.iedout in the ar.a dealt with the natur.l hazar.s and only few focus on landscape evolution. Thus, the pur.ose of this study was to elabor.te a car.ogr.phic appr.ach which integr.tes classic geomor.hology with state of the ar. GIS and r.mote sensing techniques. As r.sult, differ.nt landfor.s and r.lated pr.cesses have been analysed and included geomor.hologic map of the in the fir.t gener.l ltMutnaya catchment.

关键词： Geomor.hologieal mapping AdvancedLand Obser.ation Satellite (ALOS) Digital Sur.aceModel (DSM) GIS Ter.ain analysis Glacio-volcanism Landfor. modelling Pr.cesses and for.s

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刚性沉水植物影响下波浪传播及泥沙悬浮数值模拟

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同济大学学报（自然科学版） 2022年第6期50卷 861-870页

作者：陈明娄厦刘曙光 r.DNAEVA Lar.sa Dor.hievna NIKITINA Elena chalov sergey r.manovich 同济大学土木工程学院上海200092 同济大学长江水环境教育部重点实验室上海200092 俄罗斯科学院西伯利亚分院贝加尔湖自然管理研究所乌兰乌德670047俄罗斯莫斯科罗蒙诺索夫国立大学地理学院莫斯科119991俄罗斯

由于植物引起的紊动作用,含刚性植物床面中悬浮泥沙浓度与无植物裸床相比显著增加,而通过平均流速计算底床切应力的传统泥沙模型无法模拟出该现象。因此,在含植物水流水沙运动物理模型试验的基础上,构建了基于Flow–3D的含刚性沉水植物... 详细信息

由于植物引起的紊动作用,含刚性植物床面中悬浮泥沙浓度与无植物裸床相比显著增加,而通过平均流速计算底床切应力的传统泥沙模型无法模拟出该现象。因此,在含植物水流水沙运动物理模型试验的基础上,构建了基于Flow–3D的含刚性沉水植物条件下波浪传播的三维数学模型,模拟了植物影响下波浪动力特征和泥沙悬浮过程,同时从紊动能角度修正希尔兹数,对泥沙模块进行了改进。与实测数据相比,该模型可较精确地模拟出植物引起的整体水流流速减小和局部冠层顶部处的流速增大、水体紊动增强以及紊动能在波周期内出现两个峰值的现象。与原始泥沙模块相比,改进的模型考虑了植物尾流紊动对泥沙运动的影响,可提高含植物床面泥沙悬浮模拟的精度。

关键词： Flow–3D数值模拟刚性沉水植物波浪流速紊动能泥沙模块改进泥沙悬浮

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r.sear.h agenda for.the r.ssian Far.East and utilization of multiplatfor. compr.hensive envir.nmental obser.ations

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Inter.ational Jour.al of Digital Ear.h 2021年第3期14卷 311-337页

作者： Tuukka Petäjä Kir.ll S.Ganzei Hanna K.Lappalainen Ksenia Tabakova r.sto Makkonen Jouni r.isänen sergey chalov Mar.ku Kulmala Ser.ej Zilitinkevich Petr.Ya Baklanov r.nat B.Shakir.v Natalia V.Mishina Evgeny G.Egidar.v Igor.I.Kondr.t’ev Institute for.Atmospher.c and Ear.h System r.sear.h/Physics Faculty of ScienceUniversity of HelsinkiHelsinkiFinland Depar.ment of Cr.ospher. Tyumen State University TyumenRussia Pacific Geogr.phical Institute of the Far.Easter. Br.nch of r.ssian Academy of Sciences VladivostokRussia Finnish Meteor.logical Institute HelsinkiFinland Faculty of Geogr.phy Lomonosov Moscow State UniversityMoscowRussia V.I.Ilyichov Pacific Oceanological Institute of the Far.Easter. Br.nch of r.ssian Academy of Sciences VladivostokRussia

The r.ssian Far.East is a r.gion between China and the r.ssian Ar.tic with a diver.e climatological,geophysical,oceanic,and economical *** souther. r.gion is located in the Far.East monsoon sector.while the nor.her. par.s ar. affected by the Ar.tic Ocean and cold air.masses penetr.ting far.to the *** economic activities and tr.ffic connected to the China Belt and r.ad Initiative together.with climate change ar. placing an incr.ased pr.ssur. upon the r.ssian Far.East *** is an ur.ent need to impr.ve the capacity to measur. the atmospher.c and envir.nmental pollution and analyze their.sour.es and to quantify the r.lative r.les of local and tr.nspor.ed pollution emissions in the *** the paper.we char.cter.ze the cur.ent envir.nmental and socio-economical landscape of the r.ssian Far.East and summar.ze the futur. climate scenar.os and identify the key r.gional r.sear.h *** discuss the r.sear.h infr.str.ctur. concept,which is needed to answer.the identified r.sear.h *** integr.ted obser.ations,filling in the cr.tical obser.ational gap at the Nor.her. Eur.sian context,ar. r.quir.d to pr.vide state-of-the-ar. obser.ations and enable follow-up pr.cedur.s that suppor. local,r.gional,and global decision making in the envir.nmental context.

关键词： r.ssian Far.East gr.enhouse gases aer.sol par.icles insitu obser.ations Ear.h obser.ation data

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