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Knowledge Creation Systems in Seven-Eleven Japan

Journal of Electronic Science and Technology of China 2004年第3期2卷 92-97页

作者： senoo dai Graduate School of Decision Science and Technology Tokyo Institute of Technology Tokyo 152-8552 Japan

Japanese convenience store chain Seven-Eleven Japan (hereinafter 'SEJ') has been profitable for 30 years by constantly anticipating changing trends regardless of the severe business environment. In this paper, the knowledge creation process and its supportive systems in SEJ to examine how information system can support knowledge creation are described. Using case study method, the knowledge creation theory is applied to SEJ, and the results show that facilitating 'dialogue' and reinforcing 'creative routine' might be the most important functions of information system to support knowledge creation.

关键词： continuous innovation knowledge creation supportive information system

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Current status of preoperative drainage for distal biliary obstruction

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World Journal of Hepatology 2015年第18期7卷 2171-2176页

作者： Harutoshi Sugiyama Toshio Tsuyuguchi Yuji Sakai Rintaro Mikata Shin Yasui Yuto Watanabe dai Sakamoto Masato Nakamura Reina Sasaki Jun-ichi senoo Yuko Kusakabe Masahiro Hayashi Osamu Yokosuka Department of Gastroen- terology and Nephrology Graduate School of Medicine Chiba University

Preoperative biliary drainage(PBD) was developed to improve obstructive jaundice, which affects a number of organs and physiological mechanisms in patients waiting for surgery. However, its role in patients who will undergo pancreaticoduodenectomy for biliary obstruction remains controversial. This article aims to review the current status of the use of preoperative drainage for distal biliary obstruction. Relevant articles published from 1980 to 2015 were identified by searching MEDLINE and Pub Med using the keywords "PBD", "pancreaticoduodenectomy", and "obstructive jaundice". Additional papers were identified by a manual search of the references from key articles. Current studies have demonstrated that PBD should not be routinely performed because of the postoperative complications. PBD should only be considered in carefully selected patients, particularly in cases where surgery had to be delayed. PBD may be needed in patients with severe jaundice, concomitant cholangitis, or severe malnutrition. The optimal method of biliary drainage has yet to be confirmed. PBD should be performed by endoscopic routes rather than by percutaneous routes to avoid metastatic tumor seeding. Endoscopic stenting or nasobiliary drainage can be selected. Although more expensive, the use of metallic stents remains a viable option to achieve effective drainage without cholangitis and reintervention.

关键词： Preoperative drainage Biliary drainage Distal bili

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