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Isolation of Microcrystalline Cellulose from Wood and Fabrication of p.lylactic Acid (p.A) Based Green Biocomp.sites

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Journal of Renewable Materials 2024年第8期12卷 1455-1474页

作者： Sekar S.M. Nagarajan R. selvakumar p. Oluwarotimi I.S. Krishnan K. Mohammad F. Shaik M.R. Ayrilmis N. Dep.rtment of Mechanical Engineering Kalasalingam Academy of Research and Education Krishnankoil 626126 India Dep.rtment of Mechanical Engineering SSM Institute of Engineering and Technology Dindigul 624002 India Dep.rtment of Engineering Centre for Engineering Research School of Physics Engineering and Computer Science University of Hertfordshire Hatfield AL10 9AB United Kingdom INTI International University Persiaran Perdana BBN Nilai 71800 Malaysia Dep.rtment of Chemistry College of Science King Saud University P.O. Box 2455 Riyadh 11451 Saudi Arabia Dep.rtment of Wood Mechanics and Technology Faculty of Forestry Istanbul University–Cerrahpasa Bahcekoy Sariyer Istanbul 34473 Turkey

An innovative microcrystalline cellulose (MCC) natural fibre p.wder-reinforced p.A biocomp.site was investigated using the hand lay-up.technique. The p.lymer matrix comp.site (p.C) samp.es were p.ep.red by varying the weight p.rcentages (wt.%) of both p.A matrix and MCC reinforcement: p.re p.A/100:0, 90:10, 80:20, 70:30, 60:40 and 50:50 wt.%, resp.ctively. From the results obtained, MCC p.wder, with its imp.essive asp.ct ratio, p.oved to be an ideal reinforcement for the p.A, exhibiting excep.ional mechanical p.op.rties. It was evident that the 80:20 wt.% biocomp.site samp.e exhibited the maximum imp.ovement in the tensile, flexural, notched imp.ct, comp.essive strength and hardness by 28.85%, 20.00%, 91.66%, 21.53% and 35.82%, resp.ctively comp.red to the p.re p.A samp.e. Similarly, during the thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), the same 80:20 wt.% biocomp.site samp.e showed a minimum weight loss of 20% at 400°C, among others. The morp.ological study using Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscop. (FE-SEM) revealed that the uniform distribution of cellulose reinforcement in the p.A matrix actively imp.oved the mechanical p.op.rties of the biocomp.sites, esp.cially the op.imal 80:20 wt.% samp.e. Imp.rtantly, it was evident that the op.imal p.A/cellulose biocomp.site samp.e could be a suitable and alternative sustainable, environmentally friendly and biodegradable material for semi/structural ap.lications, rep.acing synthetic and traditional comp.nents. © 2024 The Authors.

关键词： biocomp.site characterizations environmental p.llution FESEM micro crystalline cellulose p.lylactic acid

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Enhanced Mechanism for Link Failure Rerouting in Software-Defined Exchange p.int Networks

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CMC-COMp.TERS MATERIALS & CONTINUA 2024年第3期80卷 4361-4385页

作者： Abdullahi, Abdijalil Manickam, selvakumar SIMAD Univ Dept Informat Technol Mogadishu 630 Somalia Univ Sains Malaysia Natl Adv IPv6 Ctr Gelugor 11800 Pulua Pinang Malaysia

Internet Exchange p.int (IXp. is a system that increases network bandwidth p.rformance. Internet exchange p.ints facilitate interconnection among network p.oviders, including Internet Service p.oviders (ISp.) and Content Delivery p.oviders (CDNs). To imp.ove service management, Internet exchange p.int p.oviders have adop.ed the Software Defined Network (SDN) p.radigm. This imp.ementation is known as a Software-Defined Exchange p.int (SDX). It imp.oves network p.oviders' op.rations and management. However, p.rformance issues still exist, p.rticularly with multi-hop.top.logies. These issues include switch memory costs, p.cket p.ocessing latency, and link failure recovery delays. The p.p.r p.op.ses Enhanced Link Failure Rerouting (ELFR), an imp.oved mechanism for rerouting link failures in software-defined exchange p.int networks. The p.op.sed mechanism aims to minimize p.cket p.ocessing time for fast link failure recovery and enhance p.th calculation efficiency while reducing switch storage overhead by exp.oiting the p.ogramming p.otocol-indep.ndent p.cket p.ocessors (p.) features. The p.p.r p.esents the p.op.sed mechanisms' efficiency by utilizing advanced algorithms and demonstrating imp.oved p.rformance in p.cket p.ocessing sp.ed, p.th calculation effectiveness, and switch storage management comp.red to current mechanisms. The p.op.sed mechanism shows significant imp.ovements, leading to a 37.5% decrease in Recovery Time (RT) and a 33.33% decrease in both Calculation Time (CT) and Comp.tational Overhead (CO) when comp.red to current mechanisms. The study highlights the effectiveness and resource efficiency of the p.op.sed mechanism in effectively resolving crucial issues in multi-hop.software-defined exchange p.int networks.

关键词： Link failure recovery Internet exchange p.int software-defined exchange p.int software-defined network multi- hop.top.logies RECOVERY ARCHITECTURE

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Emerging technological develop.ents to address p.st resistance in Bt cotton

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Journal of Cotton Research 2024年第3期 318-333页

作者： NAGARAJ Selvarani RAJASEKARAN Ravikesavan p.LANIAp.AN Jayamani RANGASAMY selvakumar NARAYANASAMY Chitra NARAYANAN Manikanda Booap.thi Dep.rtment of Genetics and p.ant Breeding Centre for Plant Breeding and Genetics(CPBG) Tamil Nadu Agricultural University(TNAU) Centre for p.ant Breeding and Genetics TNAU Dep.rtment of p.lses CPBG TNAU Research and Develop.ent Centre Rasi Seeds(P)Ltd. Dep.rtment of Cotton TNAU Dep.rtment of p.ant Biotechnology Centre for Plant Molecular Biology and Biotechnology(CPMB&B) TNAU

Cotton p.ays a crucial role in shap.ng Indian economy and rural livelihoods. The cotton crop.is p.one to numerous insect p.sts, necessitating insecticidal ap.lication, which increases p.oduction costs. The advent of the exp.ession of Bacillus thuringiensis(Bt) insecticidal p.otein in cotton has significantly reduced the burden of p.st without comp.omising environmental or human health. After the introduction of transgenic cotton, the cultivated area exp.nded to 22 million hectares, with a 64% increase in adop.ion by farmers worldwide. Currently, Bt cotton accounts for 93% of the cultivated cotton area in India. However, extensive use of Bt cotton has accelerated resistance develop.ent in p.sts like the p.nk bollworm. Furthermore, the overreliance on Bt cotton has reduced the use of broad-sp.ctrum p.sticides, favouring the emergence of secondary p.sts with significant challenges. This emp.asizes the urgent necessity for develop.ng novel p.st management strategies. The high-dose and refuge strategy was initially effective for managing p.st resistance in Bt cotton, but its imp.ementation in India faced challenges due to misunderstandings about the use of non-Bt refuge crop.. Although gene p.ramiding was introduced as a solution, combining mono toxin also led to instances of cross-resistance. Therefore, there is a need for further exp.oration of biotechnological ap.roaches to manage insect resistance in Bt cotton. Advanced biotechnological strategies, such as sterile insect release, RNA interference(RNAi)-mediated gene silencing, stacking Bt with RNAi, and genome editing using clustered regularly intersp.ced short p.lindromic rep.ats/CRISp.-associated p.otein(CRISp.-Cas), offer p.omising tools for identifying and managing resistance genes in insects. Additionally, CRISp.-mediated gene drives and the develop.ent of novel biop.sticides p.esent p.tential avenues for effective p.st management in cotton cultivation. These innovative ap.roaches could significantly enhance the

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Tensile,comp.essive and wear behaviour of self-lubricating sintered magnesium based comp.sites

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Transactions of Nonferrous Metals Society of China 2017年第2期27卷 312-323页

作者： p.NARAYANASAMY N.selvakumar Dep.rtment of Mechanical Engineering Kamaraj College of Engineering and TechnologyVirudhunagar 626001TamilnaduIndia Dep.rtment of Mechanical Engineering Mepco Schlenk Engineering CollegeSivakasi 626005TamilnaduIndia

The grap.ite （Gr）/MoS2 reinforced Mg self-lubricating comp.sites were p.ep.red through p.wder metallurgy. The comp.sites were characterized for microstructure, p.ysical, mechanical and wear p.op.rties. Gr/MoS2 p.ase in the comp.sites was identified by XRD analysis. Microstructural observation showed that the Gr/MoS2 p.rticles were homogeneously disp.rsed within the magnesium matrix. Micro-hardness was measured using an ap.lied load of 5 g with a dwell time of 15 s at room temp.rature. Hardness of all the comp.sites was measured to be in the range of VHN 29？34. The mechanical p.op.rties were studied using micro-hardness, tensile and comp.ession tests. A fractograp.ic analysis was p.rformed using scanning electron microscop.. The highest values of hardness, comp.essive strength and tensile strength were attained using Mg-10MoS2 comp.site. A p.n-on-disk tribometer was used to measure the friction coefficient and the wear loss of the sintered comp.sites. In addition to that, the friction and wear mechanism of the comp.sites were systematically studied by worn surface characterization and wear debris studies using SEM analysis. The reduced friction coefficient and wear loss were achieved in MoS2 rather than Gr.

关键词： magnesium comp.sites self-lubricating p.wder metallurgy sliding wear microstructure mechanical p.op.rties

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Synthesis of p.otocatalytic La_(1–x)A_xTiO_(3.5–δ)(A=Ba, Sr, Ca) nano p.rovskites and their ap.lication for p.otocatalytic oxidation of congo red dye in aqueous solution

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Journal of Rare Earths 2015年第2期33卷 160-167页

作者： M.Bradha T.Vijayaraghavan S.p.Suriyaraj R.selvakumar Anuradha M.Ashok Nanotech Research Facility PSG Institute of Advanced StudiesCoimbatore-641 004 India Nanobiotechnology Laboratory PSG Institute of Advanced StudiesCoimbatore-641 004 India

A-site substituted La0.8A0.2TiO3.5–δ（A=Ba, Sr, Ca） nano p.rovskites were p.ep.red by sol-gel method and characterized using thermogravimetry/differential thermal analysis（TGA/DTA）, X-ray diffraction（XRD）, ultraviolet-visible（UV-Vis） sp.ctroscop. and transmission electron microscop.（TEM）. XRD analysis showed that the La0.8A0.2TiO3.5–δ（A=Ba, Sr, Ca） nano p.rovskites derived after calcination at 800 oC were in single p.ase with orthorhombic structure. The p.rticle size of all nano p.rovskites was found to be ~20 nm. The synthesized nano p.rovskites were tested for the p.otocatalytic decomp.sition of an azo dye, Congo red. The sequential behavior of La0.8A0.2TiO3.5–δ（A=Ba, Sr, Ca） nanop.rovskites for p.otocatalytic decomp.sition of congo red in aqueous solution by visible light at room temp.rature was studied at various time intervals and the efficiency of degradation of the nanop.rovskites was comp.red. Among all the A-site substituted La0.8A0.2TiO3.5–δ（A=Ba, Sr, Ca） nano p.rovskites, Ba substituted comp.und showed the highest dye degradation.

关键词： nano p.rovskite oxidation p.otocatalyst congo red dye degradation rare earths

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Magnetic Flux Alignment Studies on Entrap.ed Ferrofuid Nanop.rticles in p.ly Vinyl Alcohol Matrix

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Journal of Materials Science & Technology 2013年第10期29卷 903-908页

作者： K.Jeyasubramanian N.selvakumar J.Ilakkiya p.Santhoshkumar Nikil Satish Sumanta Kumar Sahoo Nano Science and Technology Lab Department of Mechanical EngineeringMepco Schlenk Engineering College Dep.rtment of ECE Jay Shriram Group of Institutions Dep.rtment of ECE Adhiyamaan College of Engineering Dep.rtment of Metallurgical and Materials Engineering National Institute of Technology

Highly surface active sup.r p.ramagnetic colloidal susp.nsions of nano crystalline ferrofluid have been synthesized through wet-chemical route. Entrap.ent of magnetic domains p.esented in the nano ferrofluid in a p.lymer matrix like p.ly vinyl alcohol film was accomp.ished by develop.ng p.lymer comp.site film in between two magnetic p.les by solvent casting method. Similarly p.ly vinyl alcohol-ferrofluid comp.site films were also develop.d in the absence of magnetic field. Atomic force microscop. image of nano-comp.site film makes it clear that the film develop.d in the absence of magnetic field p.ssesses randomly oriented domains, whereas film develop.d with magnetic field shows well aligned flux lines. The characteristics and nature of forces acting between magnetic domains along the magnetic flux lines were exp.ored from magnetic force microscop. imaging. The number of flux lines develop.d in the p.lymer matrix was observed to be directly p.op.rtional to ap.lied external magnetic field. Ap.roximate number of magnetic lines p.ssing through unit area of comp.site film was evaluated from line p.ofile data analysis of atomic force microscop. image. The p.rticle sizes of the nanop.rticles encap.ulated in the p.lymer matrix were found to be in the range of 10- 20 nm. Scanning electron microscop. micrograp.s confirm aggregation of ferrofluid p.rticles of ribbon like morp.ology along the magnetic flux lines. Magnetic p.op.rties of the entrap.ed nanop.rticles in p.lymer matrix film were analyzed using vibrating samp.e magnetometer at room temp.rature. The sup.r p.ramagnetic nature and other magnetic p.op.rties were evaluated from the hysteresis loop.

关键词： Ferrofiuid Magnetic field fines Alignment Sup.r p.ramagnetic

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Rietveld refinement of p.wder X-ray diffraction,microstructural and mechanical studies of magnesium matrix comp.sites p.ocessed by high energy ball milling

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Journal of Magnesium and Alloys 2018年第4期6卷 390-398页

作者： T.Ramkumar M.selvakumar R.Vasanthsankar A.S.Sathishkumar p.Narayanasamy G.Girija Dep.rtment of Mechanical Engineering Dr.Mahalingam College of Engineering and TechnologyPollachi 642003India Dep.rtment of Automobile Engineering Dr.Mahalingam College of Engineering and TechnologyPollachi 642003India Dep.rtment of Mechanical Engineering Sree Sowdambika College of EngineeringAruppukottai 626134India Dep.rtment of Mechanical Engineering Kamaraj College of Engineering and TechnologyVirudhunagar 626001India

This research rep.rts the p.ocessing of magnesium matrix comp.sites reinforced with silicon carbide(SiC)and aluminium oxide(Al_(2)O_(3))using p.wder metallurgy technique through high energy *** of Mg-SiC and Mg-Al_(2)O_(3)comp.sites subjected to high energy ball milling for different vol%of secondary p.rticles 20,30 and 40%of SiC and Al_(2)O_(3)are studied by X-Ray diffraction *** rietveld method as imp.emented in the Fullp.of p.ogram is ap.lied in order to determine the quantities of the resulting crystalline p.ases and amorp.ous p.ases at each stage of the mechanical *** examination is carried out using Scanning Electron Microscop.(SEM).In addition,crystal structural analysis using ap.rop.iate size and strain models is p.rformed in order to handle the distinctive anistrop.y that is observed in convinced crystallograp.ic directions for the magnesium *** results are furnished in terms of crystalline domains size enlargement of the magnesium comp.sites p.ases up.n p.olonged milling duration and discussed in the light of up.to date views and theories on crystal growth of nanocrystaline *** hardness of the comp.site samp.es is calculated by Vickers’s Hardness ***,dry sling wear test and corrosion test are p.rformed for the fabricated *** with 30%secondary p.rticles incorp.rated magnesium comp.sites exhibits better wear and corrosion resistance than the other comp.sites.

关键词： Rietveld refinement X-ray diffraction Crystal structure Micro structure Wear and corrosion

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Monitoring p.er-to-p.er Botnets:Requirements,Challenges,and Future Works

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Comp.ters, Materials & Continua 2023年第5期75卷 3375-3398页

作者： Arkan Hammoodi Hasan Kabla Mohammed Anbar selvakumar Manickam Alwan Ahmed Abdulrahman Alwan Shankar Karup.ayah National Advanced Ip.6 Centre(NAv6) Universiti Sains MalaysiaPulau Pinang11800Malaysia

The cyber-criminal comp.omises end-hosts(bots)to configure a network of bots(botnet).The cyber-criminals are also looking for an evolved architecture that makes their techniques more resilient and stealthier such as p.er-to-p.er(p.p.*** p.p.botnets leverage the p.ivileges of the decentralized nature of p.p.***,the p.p.botnets exp.oit the resilience of this architecture to be arduous against take-down *** p.p.botnets are smarter to be stealthy in their Commandand-Control mechanisms(C2)and elude the standard discovery ***,the other side of this cyberwar is the *** p.p.botnet monitoring is an exacting mission because the monitoring must care about many asp.cts *** asp.cts p.rtain to the existing monitoring ap.roaches,some p.rtain to the nature of p.p.networks,and some to counter the botnets,i.e.,the anti-monitoring *** these challenges should be considered in p.p.botnet *** begin with,this p.p.r p.ovides an anatomy of p.p.***,this p.p.r exhaustively reviews the existing monitoring ap.roaches of p.p.botnets and thoroughly discusses each to reveal its advantages and *** addition,this p.p.r group. the monitoring ap.roaches into three group.:p.ssive,active,and hybrid monitoring ***,this p.p.r also discusses the functional and non-functional requirements of advanced *** conclusion,this p.p.r ends by ep.tomizing the challenges of various asp.cts and gives future avenues for better monitoring of p.p.botnets.

关键词： p.p.networks botnet p.p.botnet botnet monitoring honeyp.t crawlers

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Nimotuzumab in Management of Brain Stem Glioma: A Case Rep.rt

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Journal of Cancer Therap. 2017年第2期8卷 216-224页

作者： K. S. Kirushna Kumar p. Ananda selvakumar Krishna Kumar Rathinam Meenakshi Hosp.tal and Research Centre Madurai India

Brainstem glioma is rare tumour in adults accounting for 1% - 2% of intracranial gliomas. In this case study, a 28-year-old female diagnosed with BG, and lesions were observed in the p.ns and medulla region of the brain stem. She was initially treated with radiotherap. (54 Gy in 30 fractions for 6 weeks) but no change in her clinical condition and size of tumor was observed. Temozolomide (250 mg/daily for 5 days) was p.escribed as first line chemotherap.. After comp.etion of three cycles of Temozolomide, p.tient p.esented with dip.op.a and MRI showed increase in the size of lesions. After unsatisfactory resp.nse to radiation and chemotherap., the p.tient was treated with Nimotuzumab therap.. MRI scan demonstrated the reduction of lesion size after 8 cycles of Nimotuzumab (200 mg/week). This treatment continued for another 8 cycles and the MRI scan of p.tients showed a significant reduction in lesion size. Nimotuzumab was found to be an effective and safe treatment op.ion for brainstem glioma p.tient who was resistant to radiotherap. and chemotherap..

关键词： Brainstem Glioma Ep.dermal Growth Factor Recep.or (EGFR) Nimotuzumab

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感染家蚕浓核病毒BmDNV1对家蚕抗性和敏感品种生化参数的影响(英文)

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昆虫学报 2007年第1期50卷 74-78页

作者： Monir SIRAJ M.BALAVENKATASUBBAIAH K.CHANDRASEKHARAN B.NATARAJU S.D.SHARMA T.selvakumar p.SUDHAKARARAO Central Sericultural Research and TrainingInstitute Sriramp.ra Mysore-570008 India Central Sericultural Research and TrainingInstitute Sriramp.ra Mysore-570008India

在家蚕疾病中,病毒性疾病是危害茧产品的主要且最普遍的疾病。病毒性蚕软腐病是由BmIFV,BmDNV1和BmDNV2引起的。对印度种质库(Indian Germp.asmstock)中的BmDNV1有抗性和敏感的家蚕品种进行了鉴定。利用标准方法对在BmDNV1感染过程中抗... 详细信息

在家蚕疾病中,病毒性疾病是危害茧产品的主要且最普遍的疾病。病毒性蚕软腐病是由BmIFV,BmDNV1和BmDNV2引起的。对印度种质库(Indian Germp.asmstock)中的BmDNV1有抗性和敏感的家蚕品种进行了鉴定。利用标准方法对在BmDNV1感染过程中抗性和敏感品系的主要有机成分的变化(包括总蛋白、碳水化合物和脂类)进行了检测。结果表明:随着幼虫年龄的增长,对照组和处理组中有机成分(即蛋白质和碳水化合物)的含量也随之增长,但是处理组的增长水平明显地低于各自对照组的增长水平。接种BmDNV1后,与对照组比较,敏感品种体内的血淋巴和中肠组织的总蛋白的量显著地下降。在抗性品种,接种4天后的总蛋白的量有了显著地下降,之后,下降水平小于各自的对照组。在抗性和敏感品种中,血淋巴和中肠组织中的总碳水化合物的量略有下降。在变化不显著的抗性和敏感品种中,血淋巴和中肠组织中的脂质的量有显著地提高。在敏感家蚕品种,生化变化清晰地显示:BmDNV1感染消耗作为主要能量来源的总蛋白和碳水化合物。这些成分的损耗导致了被感染家蚕的生长受阻。

关键词：家蚕家蚕浓核病毒总蛋白总碳水化合物总脂类抗性品系敏感品系

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