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Discrete Circular Distributions with Applications to Shared Orthologs of Paired Circular Genomes

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Computer Modeling in Engineering & Sciences 2020年第6期123卷 1131-1149页

作者： Tomoaki Imoto Grace S.Shieh Kunio shimizu School of Management and Information University of ShizuokaShizuokaJapan Institute of Statistical Science Academia SinicaTaipeiTaiwan School of Statistical Thinking The Institute of Statistical MathematicsTokyoJapan

For structural comparisons of paired prokaryotic genomes,an important topic in synthetic and evolutionary biology,the locations of shared orthologous genes(henceforth orthologs)are observed as binned *** and other data,e.g.,wind directions recorded at monitoring sites and intensive care unit arrival times on the 24-hour clock,are counted in binned circular arcs,thus modeling them by discrete circular distributions(DCDs)is *** propose a novel method to construct a DCD from a base continuous circular distribution(CCD).The probability mass function is defined to take the normalized values of the probability density function at some pre-fixed equidistant points on the *** families of constructed DCDs which have normalizing constants in closed form are *** studies show that DCDs outperform the corresponding CCDs in modeling grouped(discrete)circular data,and minimum chi-square estimation outperforms maximum likelihood estimation for *** apply the constructed DCDs,invariant wrapped Poisson and wrapped discrete skew Laplace to compare the structures of paired bacterial ***,discrete four-parameter wrapped Cauchy(nonnegative trigonometric sums)distribution models multi-modal shared orthologs in Clostridium(Sulfolobus)better than the others considered,in terms of AIC and Freedman’s goodness-of-fit *** result that different DCDs fit the shared orthologs is consistent with the fact they belong to two ***,these prokaryotes have a common favored site around 70°on the unit circle;this finding is important for building synthetic prokaryotic genomes in synthetic *** DCDs can also be applied to other binned circular data.

关键词： Bacterial genomes circular distribution goodness-of-fit test modeling synthetic and evolutionary biology.

Effects of Cr Content and Annealing Temperature on Microstructure and Wear Characteristics of Cast Ausferrite Nodular Iron

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Journal of Iron and Steel Research International 2015年第11期22卷 1049-1054页

作者： Jia-peng ZOU Kazumichi shimizu Qi-zhou CAI State Key Laboratory of Materials Processing and Die & Mould Technology Huazhong University of Science and Technology Department of Materials Science and Engineering Muroran Institute Technology

The effects of Cr content and annealing temperature on abrasive wear characteristics of cast ausferrite nodular iron were investigated with Suga type abrasive wear tester. The surface morphology and Vickers hardness of the tested samples were analyzed by scanning electron microscopy（SEM）, digital microscope and Vickers hardness tester. The results show that the cast ausferrite nodular iron could be obtained by alloying with Cr in the as-cast ductile cast iron and permanent mold casting, and the bainite content in the matrix increased with increasing Cr content. However, the decomposition of bainite took place during annealing at 500 °C to 800 °C; especially, at 800 °C, the bainite transformed into a mixture of fine lamellar pearlite and ferrite matrix structure. The wear loss of specimens was reduced with increasing Cr content in the cast ausferrite nodular iron. The wear loss of the sample cast ausferrite nodular iron with 0.4mass% Cr is the least. The wear loss began to increase while the Cr content is 0.6mass%. The wear loss of annealed ductile irons at different annealing temperatures was higher than that of as-cast samples. During the abrasive wear, the shear stress transformed austenite to martensite, and the hardness of specimens increased and the wear resistance of as-cast ductile cast iron was improved.

关键词： cast ausferrite nodular iron Cr content annealing temperature microstructure wear characteristics

Photophysical properties of heteroaromatic ring-fused(di)benzosiloles

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Science China Chemistry 2011年第12期54卷 1937-1947页

作者： shimizu Masaki MOCHIDA Kenji KATOH Masaki HIYAMA Tamejiro Department of Material Chemistry Graduate School of EngineeringKyoto University Kyoto University Katsura Current address:Research & Development Initiative Chuo University

Benzosiloles fused to heterocycles such as thiophene, benzothiophene, and benzofuran, and indole- and benzosilole-fused dibenzosiloles were prepared by palladium-catalyzed intramolecular coupling of the corresponding 2-（arylsilyl）aryl triflates in good to high yields. Molecular and crystal structures of 5,7-dihydro-5,5,7,7-tetrakis（1-methylethyl）bis[1]benzosilolo-[2,3-b：3＇, 2＇-d]thiophene, 6-methyl-12,12-diisopropyl-12H-indololo[3,2-b][1]silafluorene, and 5,5,11,11-tetraisopropyl-5,11H-benzosilolo[3,2-c]silafluorene were determined by X-ray diffraction analysis. The UV absorption spectra of the （di）benzosilole derivafives in cyclohexane red-shifted when compared to 1,1-diisopropyldibenzosilole, indicating that replacing a benzene ring of dibenzosilole by the heterocycles as well as fusion of indole and benzosilole moieties onto dibenzosilole narrowed the HOMO- LUMO gaps of the n-conjugation system. The thiophene-fused benzosiloles were faintly fluorescent in solution and in the solid state, whereas the dibenzosiloles exhibited luminescence with moderate and high quantum yields in cyclohexane and in microcrystals, respectively. In other words, aggregation-induced emission was observed for the dibenzosiloles. Notably, 5,5,11,1 1- tetraisopropyl-5,11H-benzosilolo[3,2-c]silafluorene in microcrystals exhibited violet fluorescence （λmax = 396 nm） with a quantum yield of 0.70. Density functional theory （DFT） calculations of the prepared （di）benzosiloles were also performed.

关键词： absorption benzosflole fluorescence silicon solid-state emission

Origin of Ordering Coupled Tweed Microstructures in Alloys with Large Atomic Size Factors

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Journal of Materials Science & Technology 1996年第3期12卷 166-174页

作者： Ren, XB Wang, XT shimizu, K Tadaki, T XIAN JIAOTONG UNIV COLL MAT SCI & ENGNXIAN 710049PEOPLES R CHINA OSAKA UNIV INST SCI & IND RESIBARAKIOSAKA 567JAPAN

A theoretical study is developed on the evolution and mechanism of an ordering coupled phase separation, and on the origin of a resultant tweed microstructure. It is found that long-range elastic interaction among atoms with different atomic sizes plays a key role in the phase separation, and that the evolution of the phase separation is very similar to that of conventional spinodal decomposition except that the separation is dependent on an elastic interaction ordering (EIO). This ''EIO coupled spinodal decomposition'' is shown to exhibit a periodical or tweed microstructure being accompanied by an EIO. It is also found that a large atomic size factor yields a large positive contribution of EIO to spinodal decomposition. Generally, it is thermodynamically and kinetically favorable for the EIO to precede the onset of spinodal decomposition, though the former is not separable from the latter as a whole. We suggest that an initially disordered solid solution undergoes an EIO first, and then the partially ordered solid solution starts to decompose via a spinodal mechanism. Solute-enriched regions increase their degree of order along with an increase in solute content, and solute-depleted regions decrease their degree of order together with a decrease of solute content. The final microstructure is characterized by a periodical array of highly ordered solute-enriched regions and nearly disordered solute-depleted regions. The notion of EIO coupled spinodal decomposition is in general agreement with the transformation behaviour of a large number of alloy systems.

关键词： SPINODAL DECOMPOSITION TITANIUM ALLOYS TI ALLOYS TRANSFORMATIONS NICKEL LI

Predictive factors for efficacy of testosterone replacement therapy for late-onset hypogonadism in Japanese men:a preliminary report

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Asian Journal of Andrology 2023年第5期25卷 587-590页

作者： Nobuyuki Kondoh Yohei Kaizuka seiji Nagasawa Yoshikazu Togo Shingo Yamamoto Department of Urology Kawanishi City Medical CenterKawanishiHyogo 6660017Japan Department of Urology Hyogo Medical UniversityNishinomiyaHyog 6638501Japan

Although testosterone replacement therapy(TRT)is the first-choice method used worldwide for late-onset hypogonadism(LOH),clinical benefits are not seen in all *** study was conducted to determine the predictors of TRT efficacy for ***-six patients who visited our Men’s Health Clinic(Kawanishi City Medical Center,Kawanishi and Hyogo Medical University,Nishinomiya,Hyogo,Japan)between November 2003 and June 2021 with data available before and after TRT were *** were divided into responders(Group 1;n=45,accounting for 80.4%)and nonresponders(Group 2;n=11,accounting for 19.6%)based on the clinical response to TRT,including patient *** noted before TRT included age,body mass index,aging males’symptoms score,sexual health inventory for men,luteinizing hormone,follicular-stimulating hormone,testosterone,free testosterone,prolactin(PRL),estradiol(E2),and testosterone/estradiol(T/E2)ratio in *** statistical analysis,a multivariable logistic regression model was *** analysis revealed PRL(odds ratio TORI:0.9624;95%confidence interval[Cl]:0.9316-0.9943,P<0.05),E2(OR:0.8692;95%Cl:0.7745-0.9754,P<0.05),and T/E2 ratio(OR:1.1312;95%Cl:1.0106-1.2661,P<0.05)to be predictive *** analyses showed that T/E2 ratio was an independent predictive factor(OR:1.1593;95%Cl:1.0438-1.2875,P<0.01).The present results suggest that a low value for T/E2 ratio may predict a reduced response to *** T/E2 ratio threshold to predict nonresponders based on receiver-operating characteristics(ROC)curve analysis was shown to be *** additional studies with larger number of patients are necessary,we propose the determination of serum E2 level and testosterone level prior to performing TRT.

关键词： estradiol late-onset hypogonadism predictive factor testosterone treatment

Self-calibration and Compensation of Setting Errors for Surface Profile Measurement of a Microstructured Roll Workpiece

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Chinese Journal of Mechanical Engineering 2014年第1期27卷 14-22页

作者： GAO Wei XU Bin TAKEISHI Toshiki shimizu Yuki ITO So Department of Nanomechanics Tohoku University School of Manufacturing Science and Engineering Sichuan University

Microstructured roll workpieces have been widely used as functional components in the precision industries. Current researches on quality control have focused on surface profile measurement of microstructured roll workpieces, and types of measurement systems and measurement methods have been developed. However, low measurement efficiency and low measurement accuracy caused by setting errors are the common disadvantages for surface profile measurement of microstructured roll workpieces. In order to shorten the measurement time and enhance the measurement accuracy, a method for self-calibration and compensation of setting errors is proposed for surface profile measurement of microstructured roll workpieces. A measurement system is constructed for the measurement, in which a precision spindle is employed to rotate the roll workpiece and an air-bearing displacement sensor with a micro-stylus probe is employed to scan the microstructured surface of the roll workpiece. The resolution of the displacement sensor is 0.14 nm and that of the rotary encoder of the spindle was 0.15r~. Geometrical and mathematical models are established for analyzing the influences of the setting errors of the roll workpiece and the displacement sensor with respect to the axis of the spindle, including the eccentric error of the roll workpiece, the offset error of the sensor axis and the zero point error of the sensor output. Measurement experiments are carded out on a roll workpiece on which periodic microstructures are a period of 133 i^m along the circumferential direction. Experimental results demonstrate the feasibility of the self-compensation method. The proposed method can be used to detect and compensate the setting errors without using any additional accurate artifact.

关键词： measurement profile setting error self-calibration compensation microstructure roll workpiece

Physical features and analysis of traditional mosques:the case of Quzzat quarter of Herat Old City,Afghanistan

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Built Heritage 2023年第3期7卷 1-17页

作者： Ghulam Mohammad Asim Hajime shimizu Faculty of Engineering and Science The University of the Ryukyus1 Aza-SenbaruNishihara-ChoNakagami-GunOkinawa903-0213Japan

This study examines the physical features of traditional mosques in the Quzzat(Bardrani)quarter of Herat Old City,*** mosques are constructed with locally available materials and are planned based on cultural and climatic *** are categorised as modern or *** mosques are divided into three subcategories:preserved,damaged(defaced),and *** mosques are formerly traditional mosques reconstructed with modern or industrial materials(concrete and reinforcement).This study explores the distribution of mosques and analyses their plan *** are categorised into five plan types,and three relative case studies are described in detail to provide a better understanding and an in-depth analysis of mosque typology.

关键词： Physical features Spatial and architectural analyses Traditional mosques Built heritage conservation Herat Old City Afghanistan

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Rubber–ice friction

Friction 2023年第8期11卷 1534-1543页

作者： Toshi TADA Satoshi KAWASAKI Ryouske shimizu Bo N.J.PERSSON Sumitomo Rubber Industries Ltd.Material Research&Development HQ.2-1-1Kobe 651-0071Japan Peter Grünberg Institute(PGI-1) Forschungszentrum JülichJülich 52425Germany MultiscaleConsulting Jülich 52428Germany

We study the friction when a rectangular tire tread rubber block is sliding on an ice surface at different temperatures ranging from−38 to−2℃,and sliding speeds ranging from 3μm/s to 1 cm/*** low temperatures and low sliding speeds we propose that an important contribution to the friction force is due to slip between the ice surface and ice fragments attached to the rubber *** temperatures above−10℃ or for high enough sliding speeds,a thin premelted water film occurs on the ice surface and the contribution to the friction from shearing the area of real contact is *** this case the dominant contribution to the friction force comes from viscoelastic deformations of the rubber by the ice *** comment on the role of waxing on the friction between skis and snow(ice particles).

关键词： ice friction rubber friction ice premelting

Aerodynamic Study on Supersonic Flows in High-Velocity Oxy-Fuel Thermal Spray Process

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Journal of Thermal Science 2005年第2期14卷 126-129页

作者： Hiroshi KATANODA Takeshi MATSUOKA seiji KURODA Jin KAWAKITA Hirotaka FUKANUMA Kazuyasu MATSUO The University of Kitakyushu 1-1 Hibikino Wakamatsu-kuKitakyushuFukuoka808-0135 JapanTakagi Precision Dies Co. Ltd.2-4-1 IshidaminamiKokuraminami-kuKitakyushuFukuoka802-0836 JapanNational Institute for Materials Science 1-2-1SengenTsukubaIbaraki305-0047 JapanNational Institute for Materials Science 1-2-1SengenTsukubaIbaraki305-0047 JapanPlasma Giken Co. Ltd.2-1-12BijogiTodaSaitama335-0031 JapanThe University of Kitakyushu 1-1 HibikinoWakamatsu-kuKitakyushuFukuoka808-0135 Japan

To clarify the characteristics of gas flow in high velocity oxy-fuel (HVOF) thermal spray gun, aerodynamic research is performed using a special gun. The gun has rectangular cross-sectional area and sidewalls of optical glass to visualize the internal flow. The gun consists of a supersonic nozzle with the design Mach number of 2.0 followed by a straight passage called barrel. Compressed dry air up to 0.78 MPa is used as a process gas instead of combustion gas which is used in a commercial HVOF gun. The high-speed gas flows with shock waves in the gun and jets are visualized by schlieren technique. Complicated internal and external flow-fields containing various types of shock wave as well as expansion wave are visualized.

关键词：超声流冲击波热喷涂内流热处理