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On Evaluating the Efficacy of Predictive Models for Cognitive Radio Spectrum Availability in Nigeria

Wireless Engineering and Technology 2018年第3期9卷 49-65页

作者： Samuel Okegbile Adeniran Oluwaranti segun aina Department of Computer Science and Engineering Obafemi Awolowo University Ile-Ife Nigeria

In order to avoid the undesired interference with the activities of the primary users in cognitive radio networks, the secondary users are required to be able to predict the behavior of the primary users so as to leave the channel before the arrival of such licensed owner of the spectrum. While a number of existing literatures on cognitive radio spectrum prediction employ the use of propagation curves for predicting the spectrum holes otherwise known as TV white space, these models are built based on measurements conducted in regions that are different from Nigeria, suitability in terms of usage may therefore vary due to environmental factors and terrain profile. This work evaluates the efficacy of the developed model in predicting the cognitive spectrum availability in Nigeria. Models capable of predicting spectrum occupancy in the time domain using discrete-time two-state Markov chain with an appropriate Duty Cycle (DC) model and also a modified m-bell shaped exponential equation were formulated. The result obtained in all cases considered shows that the formulated models are appropriate to be used in any environment if the parameters were carefully extracted from the data. This work has also demonstrated that the accuracy of Markov chain models depends on the level of usage of a spectrum under consideration and may therefore not give desirable results when employed in some other spectrum.

关键词： Cognitive Device Predictive Model Spectrum Management Spectrum Occupancy TV White Space

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Accession ×Treatment Interaction, Variability and Correlation Studies of Pepper (<i>Capsicum</i>spp.) under the Influence of Arbuscular Mycorrhiza Fungus (<i>Glomus clarum</i>) and Cow Dung

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American Journal of Plant Sciences 2014年第5期5卷 683-690页

作者： Odunayo Joseph Olawuyi segun Gbolagade Jonathan Fikayo Ezekiel Babatunde Busayo Joshua Babalola Ola Oluwa Simon Yaya James Oludare Agbolade Daniel Ayandiran aina Chike Joseph Egun Department of Agronomy College of Agriculture Osun State Uni-versity Ejigbo Campus Ejigbo Nigeria Department of Biosciences and Biotechnology Babcock University Lagos Nigeria Department of Plant Sciences and Biotechnology Federal University Oye-Ekiti Oye-Ekiti Nigeria Department of Statistics University of Ibadan Ibadan Nigeria Genetics & Molecular Biology Unit Department of Botany University of Ibadan Ibadan Nigeria Mycology & Biotechnology Unit University of Ibadan Ibadan Nigeria

The field experiment was conducted in the Department of Botany, University of Ibadan, Nigeria between September to December 2012. Four accessions of pepper (Capsicum spp.), obtained from Moor plantation in Ibadan and LUTH (Lagos University Teaching Hospital) vegetable garden, Idi-Araba Lagos were evaluated to investigate the morpho-agronomic variability and interaction of accession × treatment × days after transplant in treatment combinations of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungus (Glomus clarum) and cowdung. The experiment was a 4 × 4 factorial arrangement laid out in a randomized complete block design with three replications. The combined analysis of variance showed significant accession, treatment, days after transplant, and accession × treatment interactive effect for most of the growth characters at P 0.01 and P 0.05. The result also showed significant difference in yield related traits of fruits for pepper accessions. The number of leaves per plant was significant and positively associated with plant height (r = 0.516;P 0.05), and highly significant and positively correlated with the number of branches (r = 0.836;P 0.01), but negative and non-significantly related with stem girth. Glomus clarum treated plants responded significantly with higher growth and yield. It suggested that G. clarum treatment had higher potential in influencing crop yield compared to cowdung and untreated plants. This study further explored the relationship between G.

关键词： Capsicum Glomus clarum Cowdung Variability Yield

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