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Extraordinary evanescent field confinement waveguide sensor for mid-infrared trace gas spectroscopy

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Light(Science & Applications) 2021年第2期10卷 147-153页

作者： Marek Vlk Anurup Datta sebastián Alberti Henock Demessie Yallew Vinita Mittal Ganapathy Senthil Murugan Jána Jagerská Department of Physics and Technology UiT The Arctic University of NorwayNO-9037 TromsøNorway Optoelectronics Research Centre University of SouthamptonSouthampton S0171BJUK

nanophotonic waveguides are at the core of a great variety of optical *** structures confine light along defined paths on photonic chips and provide light-matter interaction via an evanescent ***,waveguides still lag behind free-space optics for sensitivity-critical applications such as trace gas *** optical pathlengths,low interaction strengths,and spurious etalon fringes in spectral transmission are among the main reasons why on-chip gas sensing is still in its *** this work,we report on a mid-infrared integrated waveguide sensor that successfully addresses these *** sensor operates with a 107%evanescent field confinement factor in air,which not only matches but also outperforms free-space beams in terms of the per-length optical ***,negligible facet reflections result in a flat spectral background and record-low absorbance noise that can finally compete with free-space *** sensor performance was validated at 2.566μm,which showed a 7 ppm detection limit for acetylene with only a 2 cm long waveguide.

关键词： waveguide ordinary field

Chlorophyll, anthocyanin, and gas exchange changes assessed by spectroradiometry in Fragaria chiloensis under salt stress

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Journal of Integrative Plant Biology 2014年第5期56卷 505-515页

作者： Miguel Garriga Jorge B. Retamales sebastián Romero-Bravo Peter D.S. Caligari Gustavo A. Lobos Faculty of Agricultural Sciences Plant Breeding and Phenomic Center Universidad de Talca Instituto de Biología Vegetaly Biotecnología Universidad de Talca

Chlorophyll and anthocyanin contents provide a valuable indicator of the status of a plant’s physiology, but to be more widely utilized it needs to be assessed easily and non‐destructively. This is particularly evident in terms of assessing and exploiting germplasm for plant‐breeding programs. We report, for the first time, experiments with Fragaria chiloensis（L.）Duch. and the estimation of the effects of response to salinity stress（0, 30, and 60 mmol naCl/L） in terms of these pigments content and gas exchange. It is shown that both pigments（which interestingly, themselves show a high correlation） give a good indication of stress response. Both pigments can be accurately predicted using spectral reflectance indices（SRI）;however, the accuracy of the predictions was slightly improved using multilinear regression analysis models and genetic algorithm analysis. Specifically for chlorophyll content, unlike other species, the use of published SRI gave better indications ofstress response than normalized Difference Vegetation *** effect of salt on gas exchange is only evident at the highest concentration and some SRI gave better prediction performance than the known Photochemical Reflectance Index. This information will therefore be useful for identifying tolerant genotypes to salt stress for incorporation in breeding programs.

关键词： Gas exchange high‐throughput phenotyping pigment phenomic photosynthesis reflectance spectral reflectance indices

Indentation Size Effect inβCuAlBe and Cu-2Be Alloys

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Acta Metallurgica Sinica(English Letters) 2021年第12期34卷 1669-1678页

作者： Susana Montecinos sebastian Tognana Walter Salgueiro IFIMAT Facultad de Ciencias ExactasUniversidad Nacional del Centro de La Provincia de Buenos AiresPinto 3997000 TandilArgentina Consejo nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas COnICET Av.Rivadavia 1917C1033AAJ Buenos AiresArgentina CIFICEn(UnCPBA-CICPBA-COnICET) Pinto 3997000 TandilArgentina Comisión de Investigaciones Científicas de la Provincia de Bs.As Calle 526 entre 10 y 111900 La PlataArgentina

The indentation size effect(ISE)was studied by instrumented nanoindentation and Vickers hardness measurements on polycrystalline copper,βCuAlBe pseudoelastic and age-hardenable CuBe *** in the load-depth curves at different loads would suggest a change in the behavior of the materials as the load *** was estimated at different loads taking into account the pile-up in each case,which was estimated from the images of the topography obtained by atomic force microscopy(AFM).The effect of the microstructure of Cu-2Be(wt%)samples on the ISE was also *** each copper alloy,the nix and Gao model was applied to the hardness-depth curves,and significant differences were found for the parameters *** is in the constant nanohardness regime for depths below 500 nm,while microhardness exhibits the ISE *** behavior of the nanohardness and the plastic strain with the depth is almost *** presents the lowest values of plastic strains due to the pseudoelastic effect,while Cu presents an almost constant value around 8%,which corresponds to the highest plastic strain obtained.

关键词： Hardness Pseudoelasticity Copper alloys Plasticity Indentation size effect

Dendritic spine degeneration:a primary mechanism in the aging process

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neural Regeneration Research 2025年第6期20卷 1696-1698页

作者： Gonzalo Flores Leonardo Aguilar-Hernández Fernado García-Dolores Humberto nicolini Andrea Judith Vázquez-Hernández Hiram Tendilla-Beltrán Instituto de Fisiología Benemérita Universidad Autónoma de Puebla(BUAP)PueblaMexico Instituto de Ciencias Forenses(InCIFO) Tribunal Superior de Justicia de la Ciudad de México(TSJCDMX).Mexico CityMexico Instituto nacional de Medicina Genómica(InMEGEn) Mexico CityMexico

Recent reports suggest that aging is not solely a physiological process in living beings;instead, it should be considered a pathological process or disease(Amorim et al., 2022). Consequently, this process involves a wide range of factors, spanning from genetic to environmental factors, and even includes the gut microbiome(GM)(Mayer et al., 2022). All these processes coincide at some point in the inflammatory process, oxidative stress, and apoptosis, at different degrees in various organs and systems that constitute a living organism(Mayer et al., 2022;AguilarHernández et al., 2023).

关键词： aging process stress

Phylogenetic alpha and beta diversity in tropical tree assemblages along regionalscale environmental gradients in northwest South America

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Journal of Plant Ecology 2014年第2期7卷 145-153页

作者： sebastián González-Caro María natalia Umaña Esteban Álvarez Pablo R.Stevenson nathan G.Swenson Ecosystem Services&Climate Change Lab Botanical Garden of MedellínMedellínAntioquia 050001Colombia Department of Plant Biology Michigan State UniversityEast LansingMI 48824USA Department of Ecology Universidad de AlcaláAlcaláMadrid 28801Spain Department of Biological Sciences Universidad de Los AndesBogotá7495Colombia

Aims Environmental gradients are drivers of species diversity;however,we know relatively little about the evolutionary processes underlying these relationships.A potentially powerful approach to studying diversity gradients is to quantify the phylogenetic structure within and between assemblages arrayed along broad spatial and environmental ***,we evaluate the phylogenetic structure of plant assemblages along an environmental gradient with the expectation that the habitat specialization of entire lineages is an important evolutionary pattern influencing the structure of tree communities along environmental *** We evaluated the effect of several environmental variables on the phylogenetic structure of plant assemblages in 145 plots distributed in northwestern South America that cover a broad environmental *** phylogenetic alpha diversity was quantified for each plot and the phylogenetic beta diversity between each pair of plots was also *** the alpha and beta diversity measures were then related to spatial and environmental gradients in the study *** Findings We found that gradients in temperature and potential evapotranspiration have a strong relationship with the phylogenetic alpha diversity in our study system,with phylogenetic overdispersion in low temperatures and phylogenetic clustering at higher ***,the phylogenetic beta diversity between two plots increases with an increasing difference in temperature,whereas annual precipitation was not a significant predictor of community phylogenetic *** also found that the phylogenetic structure of the plots in our study system was related to the degree of seasonal flooding and seasonality in *** particular,more stressful environments such as dry forests and flooded forests showed phylogenetic ***,in contrast with previous studies,we find that phylogenetic beta diversity was not strongly related to the spatial d

关键词： phylogenetic conservatism habitat filtering immigration environmental gradient

nano-Enhanced Dairy Scum Biodiesel Blends:Unleashing the Power of Aluminium Oxide for Sustainable and Efficient Engine Performance

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Journal of Thermal Science 2025年第1期34卷 283-302页

作者： Veeranna MODI Prasad B.RAMPURE Sunil Kumar SHETTY Madeva nAGARAL Channa Keshava nAIK n Johar MGM Muhammad Irsyad ABDULLAH Abdullah I.AL-MAnSOUR Shamshad ALAM KLE College of Engineering and Technology ChikodiVisvesvaraya Technological University nitte (Deemed to be University) NMAM Institute of Technology (NMAMIT)Department of Mechanical Engineering Aircraft Research and Design Centre HAL Department of Mechanical Engineering BGS College of Engineering and TechnologyBengaluruAffiliated to Visvesvaraya Technological University Management and Science University Department of Civil Engineering College of EngineeringKing Saud University

This study investigates the effect of aluminium oxide nanoparticlesaddition to biodiesel blends made from dairy milk scum on performance and combustion characteristics of the diesel *** dispersion of Al2O3nanoparticles in B20 blends at different concentrations was done with the help of *** number of blends were prepared for the *** Machine learning algorithms(Random Forest（RF）and CatBoost) was used for the *** results show that in comparison to biodiesel blends without nanoparticles,the kinematic viscosity and density is higher for fuel blends with *** these Fuel blends have higher calorific *** blends exhibited reduced Brake Specific Fuel Consumption（BSFC） of2.85% than the blends without nano particles(Dairy Scum Methyl Ester Biodiesel 20%+neat Diesel 80%（in volume）,DSMEB20),57.14% less CO,40.8% less hydrocarbon,and increased nOxemissions compared to conventional diesel,contributing to the development of environmentally friendly and renewable biofuel blends with *** B20nP30 is the optimal blend for performance and emission *** study concludes with findings on enhanced Brake Thermal Efficiency（BTE） of 26.29% in 3×10-5（in volume） Al2O3nanoparticle-blended DSME B20 and other DSME B20 fuel blends,emphasizing the importance of optimal nanoparticle *** correlation matrix shows how engine load,efficiency measures（BTE,BSFC）,and emissions（CO,CO2,nOx,Smoke） are connected in complex *** results help us understand the complicated dynamics of engine performance and emission characteristics ***'s diagram for BTE and BSFC shows that CatBoost-based BTE models perform superior to RF-based models during the training as well as testing *** results were obtained for CO and CO2emission results.

关键词： Al2O3 concentration CI engine Dairy Scum Methyl Ester Biodiesel

Avian-power line interactions in the Gobi Desert of Mongolia:are mitigation actions effective?

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Avian Research 2021年第3期12卷 382-390页

作者： Adrian Orihuela-Torres Juan MPérez-García Zebensui Morales-Reyes Lara naves-Alegre JoséASánchez-Zapata Esther sebastián-González Área de Ecología Departamento de Biología AplicadaUniversidad Miguel Hernández de ElcheAvda.Universidad s/n03202 ElcheAlicanteSpain Departamento de Ecología Universidad de AlicanteCtra.San Vicente del Raspeig s/n03690 San Vicente del RaspeigAlicanteSpain

Background:Electrocution and collisions on power lines are among the leading causes of non-natural mortality for *** lines are exponentially increasing,particularly in developing countries,but mitigation strategies to prevent bird mortality are *** combines a recently increased power line network,an abundant raptor population,a dangerous crossarm configuration and a habitat with no natural perches,producing many bird-power line *** aim is to assess the bird mortality caused by power lines in the Gobi Desert of Mongolia,to determine the factors increasing the risk of bird electrocution,and to evaluate the effectiveness of used retrofitting ***:In July 2019 we covered 132.9 km of 15 kV power lines checking 1092 *** also conducted bird tran-sects to record raptor and corvid richness and abundance,to assess species vulnerability to ***:We recorded 76 electrocuted birds of 7 *** rate was 6.96 birds/100 *** most affected species were Common Raven(Corvus corax)and Upland Buzzard(Buteo hemilasius),highlighting the electro-cution of 5 endangered Saker Falcons(Falco cherrug).By contrast,we only recorded 8 individuals of 5 species collid-ing with wires,the most affected being Pallas’s Sandgrouse(Syrrhaptes paradoxus).About 76.1%of sampled poles had some mitigation *** these,96.6%were brush perch deflectors and 3.4%rotating-mirrors perch *** found differences in electrocution rates among crossarm configurations,with the strain insulator with one jumper being the most ***,we found no correlation between bird abundance and electrocution rates,suggesting that some species are more sensitive to *** no differences in total bird electrocu-tion rates were detected between poles with and without perch deterrents,when bird size is considered,deterrents reduced the mortality rate of small birds,while they were ineffective for medium-sized

关键词： Collision Crossarm configuration Electrocution Electric infrastructures Perch deterrent Power line network Raptor

Early Paleozoic accretionary orogens along the Western Gondwana margin

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Geoscience Frontiers 2021年第1期12卷 109-130页

作者： sebastián Oriolo Bernhard Schulz Silvana Geuna Pablo DGonzález Juan E.Otamendi JiíSláma Elena Druguet Siegfried Siegesmund COnICET-Universidad de Buenos Aires Instituto de Geociencias BasicasAplicadas y Ambientales de Buenos Aires(IGEBA)Intendente Güiraldes 2160C1428EHABuenos AiresArgentina Institute of Mineralogy Division of Economic Geology and PetrologyTU Bergakademie FreibergBrennhausgasse 14D-09596FreibergSaxonyGermany Instituto de Investigacion en Paleobiología y Geología(UnRn-COnICET) Avenida Julio A.Roca 1242R8332EXZGeneral RocaArgentina COnICET Departamento de GeologíaUniversidad Nacional de Río CuartoCampus UniversitarioX5804BYARío CuartoArgentina Institute of Geology The Czech Academy of SciencesRozvojova 269CZ-16500Prague 6Czech Republic Departament de Geologia Universitat Autonoma de Barcelona08193BellaterraBarcelonaSpain Geoscience Centre Georg-August-Universit€at G€ottingenGoldschmidtstraße 337077GottingenGermany

Early Paleozoic accretionary orogens dominated the Western Gondwana margin and were characterized by nearly continuous subduction associated with crustal extension and back-arc basin *** southwestern margin is represented by Famatinian and Pampean basement realms exposed in South America,both related to the protracted Paleozoic evolution of the Terra Australis Orogen,whereas the northwestern margin is mainly recorded in Cadomian domains of Europe and adjacent ***,no clear relationships between these regions were so far *** on a compilation and reevaluation of geological,paleomagnetic,petrological,geochronological and isotopic evidence,this contribution focuses on crustal-scale tectonic and geodynamic processes occurring in Western Gondwana accretionary orogens,aiming at disentangling their common Early Paleozoic *** show that accretionary orogens were dominated by high-temperature/lowpressure metamorphism and relatively high geothermal gradients,resulting from the development of extended/hyperextended margins and bulk transtensional *** this sense,retreating-mode accretionary orogens characterized the Early Paleozoic Gondwana margin,though short-lived pulses of compression/transpression also *** existence of retreating subduction zones favoured mantle-derived magmatism and mixing with relatively young(meta)sedimentary sources in a thin continental *** reworking of previous forearc sequences due to trenchward arc migration thus took place through assimilation and anatexis in the arc/back-arc ***,retreating-mode accretionary orogens were the locus of Early Paleozoic crustal growth in Western Gondwana,intimately associated with major flare-up events,such as those related to the Cadomian and Famatian *** roll back,probably resulting from decreasing convergence rates and plate velocities after Gondwana assembly,was a key factor for orogen-scale geodynamic ***

关键词： Retreating accretionary orogen Lower Paleozoic Crustal growth Hf isotopic array Famatinian Cadomian

Probabilistic Seismic Risk Assessment in Manizales,Colombia: Quantifying Losses for Insurance Purposes

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International Journal of Disaster Risk Science 2017年第3期8卷 296-307页

作者： Mario A. Salgado-Gálvez Gabriel A. Bernal Daniela Zuloaga Mabel C. Marulanda Omar-Darío Cardona sebastián Henao Centre Internacional de Metodes numerics en Enginyeria(CIMnE) 08034 BarcelonaSpain InGEnIAR Ltda. BogotaD.C.110221Colombia Instituto de Estudios Ambientales(IDEA) Universidad Nacional de Colombia Sede ManizalesManizales 170004Colombia Universidad nacional de Colombia Sede Manizales Manizales 170004Colombia

A fully probabilistic seismic risk assessment was developed in Manizales, Colombia, considering assets of different types. The first type includes elements that are part of the water and sewage network, and the second type includes public and private buildings. This assessment required the development of a probabilistic seismic hazard analysis that accounts for the dynamic soil response,assembling high resolution exposure databases, and the development of damage models for different types of elements. The economic appraisal of the exposed assets was developed together with specialists of the water utilities company of Manizales and the city administration. The risk assessment was performed using several Comprehensive Approach to Probabilistic Risk Assessment modules as well as the R-System, obtaining results in terms of traditional metrics such as loss exceedance curve, average annual loss, and probable maximum loss. For the case of pipelines, repair rates were also estimated. The results for the water and sewage network were used in activities related to the expansion and maintenance strategies, as well as for the exploration of financial retention and transfer alternatives using insurance schemes based on technical,probabilistic, and prospective damage and loss *** the case of the buildings, the results were used in the update of the technical premium values of the existing collective insurance scheme.

关键词： CAPRA Earthquake insurance Manizales (Colombia) Probabilistic seismic risk assessment Risk retention and transfer