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Functional Properties of Teff and Oat Composites

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Food and Nutrition Sciences 2015年第17期6卷 1591-1602页

作者： George E. Inglett Diejun Chen sean x. liu Functional Foods Research Unit National Center for Agricultural Utilization Research Agricultural Research Service United States Department of Agriculture Peoria USA

Teff-oat composites were developed using gluten free teff flour containing essential amino acids and minerals along with oat products containing β-glucan known for lowering blood cholesterol. Teff-oat composites were evaluated for their pasting and rheological properties by a Rapid Visco Analyzer (RVA) and an advanced rheometer. All teff-oat composites showed increased water holding and pasting viscosities with increasing oat contents compared to wheat flour. However, they were only significantly influenced by 80% oat products in teff-oat composites compared with teff flour alone. OBC (oat bran concentrate) had the highest elastic modulus G’ among the starting materials. The elastic modulus G’ for teff-Nutrim (oat bran hydrocolloid) composites were decreased with increasing Nutrim contents in composites. In contrast, the increasing content of OBC in composites significantly raised both G’ and G”. The elastic modulus G’ and viscous modulus G” for all teff-OBC composites were higher than teff and wheat flour. All WOF composites showed similar rheological properties. All composites had shear thinning properties that are important to mouthfeel and industrial applications. These teff-oat composites were developed using feasible procedures. They have improved nutritional value and tex.ure qualities for functional food applications.

关键词： Teff Oat β-Glucan Gluten-Free Pasting Rheology

Antiox.dant Activities of Selective Gluten Free Ancient Grains

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Food and Nutrition Sciences 2015年第7期6卷 612-621页

Ancient grains were known for special nutritional values along with gluten free qualities. Amaranth, quinoa, teff, and buckwheat flours were evaluated for pasting properties, water holding capacities, phenolic contents, and antiox.dant activities (free and bound). They all had higher water holding capacities than wheat flour. Amaranth, quinoa, and teff showed higher pasting viscosities than wheat flour. Buckwheat flour had the highest free, bound and total phenolic contents among the flours in all aqueous ex.racts. The bound phenolic contents were higher than the free phenolic contents regardless of the solvents with the ex.eption of water ex.raction of quinoa and buckwheat. The free phenolic compounds for all four flours were highest in water ex.ract, and least in 100% ethanol. Bound antiox.dant activities were much higher than the free antiox.dant activities regardless of solvents for all products. The free antiox.dant activities from water and 50% ethanol were higher than 100% ethanol. In contrast, more bound phenolics were ex.racted with 100% ethanol than water and 50% ethanol. Our study suggested that the total phenolic contents and antiox.dant activities of grains could be underestimated in the literature without considering the bound phenolic compounds. These ancient grains have nutrition, antiox.dants, and tex.ural qualities suitable for functional foods.

关键词： Amaranth Quinoa Teff Buckwheat Gluten-Free Antiox.dant Pasting

The component-activity interrelationship of cobalt-based bifunctional electrocatalysts for overall water splitting:Strategies and performance

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2024年第4期91卷 453-474页

作者： Mingjie Sun Riyue Ge sean Li Liming Dai Yiran Li Bin liu Wenx.an Li School of Materials Science and Engineering Shanghai UniversityShanghai 200444China Institute of Tex.iles and Clothing The Hong Kong Polytechnic UniversityHong Kong SAR 999077China School of Materials Science and Engineering University of New South WalesSydneyNew South Wales 2052Australia UNSW Materials&Manufacturing Futures Institute UNSW SydneyNew South Wales 2052Australia School of Chemical Engineering University of New South WalesSydneyNew South Wales 2052Australia

Cobalt-based electrocatalysts take advantage of potentially harmonizable microstructure and flex.ble coupling effects compared to commercial noble metal-based catalytic ***,conventional water electrolysis systems based on cobalt-based monofunctional hydrogen evolution reaction(HER)or ox.gen evolution reaction(OER)catalysts have certain shortcomings in terms of resource utilization and *** contrast,cobalt-based bifunctional catalysts(CBCs)have attracted much attention in recent years for overall water splitting systems because of their practicality and reduced preparation cost of *** review aims to address the latest development in CBCs for total *** main modification strategies of CBCs are systematically classified in water electrolysis to provide an overview of how to regulate their morphology and electronic ***,the catalytic performance of CBCs in total-hydrolysis is summarized according to the types of cobalt-based phosphides,sulfides and ox.des,and the mechanism of strengthened electrocatalytic ability is emphasized through combining ex.eriments and theoretical *** efforts are finally suggested to focus on ex.loring the dynamic conversion of reaction intermediates and building near-industrial CBCs,designing advanced CBC materials through micro-modulation,and addressing commercial applications.

关键词： Cobalt Bifunctional electrocatalysis Water splitting Modification strategies Electrocatalytic performances

High-entropy catalysts for electrochemical water-electrolysis of hydrogen evolution and ox.gen evolution reactions

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Frontiers in Energy 2024年第3期18卷 265-290页

作者： Simiao SHA Riyue GE Ying LI Julie M.CAIRNEY Rongkun ZHENG sean LI Bin liu Jiujun ZHANG Wenx.an LI School of Materials Science and Engineering Shanghai UniversityShanghai 200444China School of Chemical and Environmental Engineering Anhui Polytechnic UniversityWuhu 241000China Australian Centre for Microscopy and Microanalysis School of AerospaceMechanical and Mechatronic EngineeringThe University of SydneySydney NSW 2006Australia School of Physics The University of SydneySydney NSW 2006Australia School of Materials Science and Engineering UNSW Materials&Manufacturing Futures InstituteUniversity of New South WalesSydney NSW 2052Australia College of Materials Science and Engineering Fuzhou UniversityFuzhou 350108China

High entropy materials (HEMs) have developed rapidly in the field of electrocatalytic water-electrolysis for ox.gen evolution reaction (OER) and hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) due to their unique properties. In particular, HEM catalysts are composed of many elements. Therefore, they have rich active sites and enhanced entropy stability relative to single atoms. In this paper, the preparation strategies and applications of HEM catalysts in electrochemical water-electrolysis are reviewed to ex.lore the stabilization of HEMs and their catalytic mechanisms as well as their application in support green hydrogen production. First, the concept and four characteristics of HEMs are introduced based on entropy and composition. Then, synthetic strategies of HEM catalysts are systematically reviewed in terms of the categories of bottom-up and top-down. The application of HEMs as catalysts for electrochemical water-electrolysis in recent years is emphatically discussed, and the mechanisms of improving the performance of electrocatalysis is ex.ounded by combining theoretical calculation technology and ex.situ/in situ characterization ex.eriments. Finally, the application prospect of HEMs is proposed to conquer the challenges in HEM catalyst fabrications and applications.

关键词： high-entropy electrocatalysis synthetic methods water-electrolysis hydrogen and ox.gen evolutions

Insights into optimizing ex.some therapies for acute skin wound healing and other tissue repair

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Frontiers of Medicine 2024年第2期18卷 258-284页

作者： Tianjing Sun Mo Li Qi liu Anyong Yu Kun Cheng Jianx.ng Ma sean Murphy Patrick Michael McNutt Yuanyuan Zhang Department of Emergency Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical UniversityZunyi563003China Department of Nephrology Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical UniversityZunyi563003China Division of Pharmacology and Pharmaceutical Sciences School of PharmacyUniversity of Missouri-Kansas CityKansas CityMO64108USA Department of Biochemistry Wake Forest University School of MedicineWinston-SalemNC27157USA Wake Forest Institute of Regenerative Medicine Wake Forest School of MedicineWinston-SalemNC27109USA

Ex.some therapy holds great promise as a novel approach to improve acute skin wound *** review provides a comprehensive overview of the current understanding of ex.some biology and its potential applications in acute skin wound healing and ***,small ex.racellular vesicles secreted by various stem cells,have emerged as potent mediators of intercellular communication and tissue *** advantage of ex.some therapy is its ability to avoid potential risks associated with stem cell therapy,such as immune rejection or stem cells differentiating into unwanted cell ***,further research is necessary to optimize ex.some therapy,not only in the areas of ex.some isolation,characterization,and engineering,but also in determining the optimal dose,timing,administration,and frequency of ex.some ***,optimization of ex.some therapy is critical for the development of more effective and safer ex.some-based therapies for acute skin wound healing and other diseases induced by cancer,ischemia,or *** review provides valuable insights into the potential of ex.some therapy and highlights the need for further research to optimize ex.some therapy for clinical use.

关键词： ex.somes stem cells therapeutic impact skin wound healing

Gas-propelled nanomotors alleviate colitis through the regulation of intestinal immunoenvironment-hematopex.s-microbiota circuits

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Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica B 2024年第6期14卷 2732-2747页

作者： Bo x.ao Yuqi Liang Ga liu Lingshuang Wang Zhan Zhang Libin Qiu Haiting x. sean Carr x.aox.ao Shi Rui LReis Subhas CKundu Zhenghua Zhu Department of Gastroenterology the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang UniversityNanchang 330006China College of Sericulture Textileand Biomass SciencesSouthwest UniversityChongqing 400715China Department of Neurology School of MedicineEmory UniversityAtlantaGA 30322USA Atlanta Veterans Affairs Medical Center DecaturGA 30033USA Department of Surgery School of MedicineEmory UniversityAtlantaGA 30322USA Bs Research Group I3Bs—Research Institute on BiomaterialsBiodegradables and BiomimeticsUniversity of MinhoHeadquarters of the European Institute of Excellence on Tissue Engineering and Regenerative MedicineAveParkBarcoGuimaraes 4805-017Portugal

The progression of ulcerative colitis(UC)is associated with immunologic derangement,intestinal hemorrhage,and microbiota *** traditional medications mainly focus on mitigating inflammation,it remains challenging to address multiple ***,a versatile gas-propelled nanomotor was constructed by mild fusion of post-ultrasonic CaO_(2) nanospheres with Cu_(2)O *** resulting CaO_(2)–Cu_(2)O possessed a desirable diameter(291.3 nm)and a uniform size *** could be efficiently internalized by colonic epithelial cells and macrophages,scavenge intracellular reactive ox.gen/nitrogen species,and alleviate immune reactions by pro-polarizing macrophages to the anti-inflammatory M2 *** nanomotor was found to penetrate through the mucus barrier and accumulate in the colitis mucosa due to the driving force of the generated ox.gen *** administration of CaO_(2)–Cu_(2)O could stanch the bleeding,repair the disrupted colonic epithelial layer,and reduce the inflammatory responses through its interaction with the genes relevant to blood coagulation,anti-ox.dation,wound healing,and ***,it restored intestinal microbiota balance by elevating the proportions of beneficial bacteria(e.g.,Odoribacter and Bifidobacterium)and decreasing the abundances of harmful bacteria(e.g.,Prevotellaceae and Helicobacter).Our gas-driven CaO_(2)–Cu_(2)O offers a promising therapeutic platform for robust treatment of UC via the rectal route.

关键词： Nanomotor Anti-inflammation Blood coagulation Immune regulation Hematopex.s Microbiota rebalance Ulcerative colitis Rectal administration

Assessment of semi-empirical mass transfer correlations for pervaporation treatment of wastewater contaminated with chlorinated hydrocarbons

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Journal of Zhejiang University-Science A(Applied Physics & Engineering) 2006年第11期7卷 1911-1916页

作者： liu sean x. Department of Food Science Rutgers University New Brunswick NJ 08901-8520 USA

Assessment of mass transfer characteristics of pervaporation (PV) treatment of wastewater contaminated with chlorinated hydrocarbons is of great importance for water treatment plant operators conducting initial evaluation, process optimization, and process economics. While a membrane plays a central role in pervaporation processes and separation efficiency, the mass transfer in the liquid layer nex. to the membrane surface is of equal, if not greater importance. It is one of the few process parameters that can be adjusted in situ to manipulate the outcome of a pervaporation process. In this study, a bench scale pervaporation ex.eriment of removing a common chlorinated hydrocarbon from water was carried out and the results of it were compared to the ones based on well-known semi-empirical correlations. The mass transfer coefficients from the ex.eriments, ranging from 0.8×10−5∼2.5×10−5 m/s under the operating conditions, are higher than those predicted by the correlation. The corresponding separation factors under varying flow velocities are determined to be between 310∼950.

关键词：氯代烃类传质全蒸发过程废水处理

Investigating adolescent mental health of Chinese students during the COVID-19 pandemic:Multicenter cross-sectional comparative investigation

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World Journal of Psychiatry 2022年第11期12卷 1323-1334页

作者： Bo-Wen Huang Pei-Han Guo Jian-Zhou liu sean x.Leng Li Wang Department of General Surgery State Key Laboratory of Complex Severe and Rare DiseasesPeking Union Medical College HospitalChinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical CollegeBeijing 100730China Senior High School The Experimental High School Attached to Beijing Normal UniversityBeijing 100032China Department of Medicine Johns Hopkins University SchoolBaltimoreMD 21205United States Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics Institute of Basic Medical Sciences Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences/School of Basic Medicine Peking Union Medical CollegeBeijing 100730China

BACKGROUND The coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19)pandemic has caused significant challenges for adolescent mental *** To survey adolescent students in China to determine the effects of the COVID-19 pandemic on their mental *** A multicenter cross-sectional comparative investigation was conducted in March *** collected demographic information and survey data related to the COVID-19 *** Patient Health Questionnaire-9 and Generalized Anx.ety Disorder Screener scales were used for objective assessment of depression and *** We collected mental health questionnaires from 3184 *** investigation demonstrated that adolescents most strongly agreed with the following items:Increased time spent with parents,interference with academic performance,and less ***,adolescents most strongly disagreed with the following items:Not having to go to school,feeling an increase in homework,and not socializing with people;34.6%of adolescents were depressed before COVID-19,of which 1.9%were severely *** COVID-19,26.3%of adolescents were prone to depression,of which 1.4%were severely depressed.24.4%of adolescents had anx.ety before COVID-19,with severe anx.ety accounting for 1.6%.After COVID-19,23.5%of adolescents were prone to anx.ety,of which 1.7%had severe *** Chinese adolescents in different grades ex.ibited different psychological characteristics,and their levels of anx.ety and depression were improved after the COVID-19 *** in educational management practices since the COVID-19 pandemic may be worth learning from and optimizing in long-term educational planning.

关键词： Adolescents Mental health Chinese students Grade analysis COVID-19

VOC removal from contaminated groundwater through membrane pervaporation. (Ⅱ): 1,1,1-trichloroethane-SDS surfactant solution system

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2003年第6期15卷 821-826页

作者： sean liu Department of Food Science Rutgers University

The conventional “pump-and-treat' technology for subsurface remediation of groundwater contaminated with volatile organic compounds(VOCs) such as 1,1,1-trichloroethane(TCA), a common chlorinated organic solvent, has limitation of prohibitively long treatment time due to ex.remely low water solubility of the VOCs. Surfactant-based soil remediation has emerged as the effective technology that substantially reduces the treatment time. In order to make the whole process economical, the surfactant used in soil washing has to be recovered and reused. This study ex.mined the recovery of anionic surfactant, sodium dodecyl sulfate(SDS), from soil remediation fluids containing TCA, using a bench-scale membrane pervaporation unit. The effects of high TCA concentration, surfactant dosage, and flow rate on permeation flux.and selectivity(α value) of the process were evaluated. In general, higher surfactant concentration yielded lower TCA flux.and constant water flux. resulting in declining α values; higher flow rate of TCA feed stream results in higher VOC flux.and selectivity, an indication of the effect of concentration polarization; higher TCA feed concentration produces higher TCA permeation across the membrane, however, the selectivity was virtually unchanged unless the total TCA concentration ex.eeded 2000 ppm.

关键词： pervaporation VOCs SDS surfactant groundwater remediation 1,1,1-trichloroethane