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prospective randomized controlled trial evaluating cap-assisted colonoscopy vs standard colonoscopy

World Journal of Gastroenterology 2010年第31期16卷 3905-3910页

作者： Hoi-poh Tee Crispin Corte Hamdan Al-Ghamdi Emilia prakoso John Darke Raman Chettiar Wassim Rahman Scott Davison sean p griffin Warwick S Selby Arthur J Kaffes Gastroenterology Unit Medical DepartmentHospital Tengku Ampuan AfzanJalan Tanah Putih25100 KuantanPahang Malaysia AW Morrow Gastroenter-ology and Liver Centre Royal Prince Alfred HospitalMissen-den RoadCamperdownNSW 2050Australia Gastroenterology Unit Medical DepartmentQueen Elizabeth HospitalKarung Berkunci No.202988586 Kota KinabaluMalaysia

AIM: To study the significance of cap-fitted colonoscopy in improving cecal intubation time and polyp detection rate. METHODS: This study was a prospective randomized controlled trial conducted from March 2008 to February 2009 in a tertiary referral hospital at Sydney. The primary end point was cecal intubation time and the secondary endpoint was polyp detection rate. Consecutive cases of total colonoscopy over a 1-year period were recruited. Randomization into either standard colonoscopy (SC) or cap-assisted colonoscopy (CAC) was performed after consent was obtained. For cases randomized to CAC, one of the three sizes of cap was used: D-201-15004 (with a diameter of 15.3 mm), D-201-14304 (14.6 mm) and D-201-12704 (13.0 mm). All of these caps were produced by Olympus Medical Systems, Japan. Independent predictors for faster cecal time and better polyp detection rate were also determined from this study. RESULTS: There were 200 cases in each group. There was no signif icant difference in terms of demographic characteristics between the two groups. CAC, when compared to the SC group, had no signif icant difference in terms of cecal intubation rate (96.0% vs 97.0%, p = 0.40) and time (9.94 ± 7.05 min vs 10.34 ± 6.82 min, p = 0.21), or polyp detection rate (32.8% vs 31.3%, p = 0.75). On the subgroup analysis, there was no significant difference in terms of cecal intubation time by trainees (88.1% vs 84.8%, p = 0.40), ileal intubation rate (82.5% vs 79.0%, p = 0.38) or total colonoscopy time (23.24 ± 13.95 min vs 22.56 ± 9.94 min, p = 0.88). On multivariate analysis, the independent determinants of faster cecal time were consultant-performed procedures (p patients (p p preparation (p = 0.01). The determinants of better polyp detection rate were older age (p previous abdominal surgery (p = 0.04), patients not having esophagogastroduodenoscopy in the same setting (p = 0.003),

关键词： Cap Hood Cecum Colonoscopy Cecal intubation Colonic polyps

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Seasonal changes in Hermit Thrush (Catharus guttatus) song syntax

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Avian Research 2024年第2期15卷 172-179页

作者： sean p.Roach Luke C.McLean Jeff W.MacLeod Leslie S.phillmore psychology Department University of New Brunswick Saint John100 Tucker Park RoadSaint JohnNBCanada Department of psychology and Neuroscience Dalhousie University1355 Oxford StHalifaxNSB3H 4J1Canada

In many songbird species,birdsong features phonological syntax,meaning that the units within their vocal se-quences are ordered in a non-random way that adheres to a *** such syntactical patterns have been richly described in many species,comparatively little is known about how those patterns contribute to song achieving its important *** each of song’s main functions,territorial defense and mate attraction,evidence of a role for syntax is *** species for which syntax has been thoroughly described is the Hermit Thrush(Catharus guttatus),which presents song types from their repertoires in a semi-predictable order and,in doing so,rapidly cycle up and down the frequency *** objective of the present study was to explore the importance of song syntax in the Hermit Thrush through a within-subject examination of how measures of syntax,such as the predictability of song type order within song sequences,shift over the breeding *** hypothesized that,if such syntactical characteristics are important to breeding behaviour,they would be most prominent at the start of the breeding season when activity associated with territory establishment and mate attraction is most *** revealed that,as predicted,the rigidness of song type ordering within se-quences was highest at the start of the season and declined *** song type sequences were most predictable at the vitally important early part of the breeding season fit our hypothesis that this aspect of song syntax is important to song’s functions related to territory establishment and/or mate *** work will clarify whether that role relates to one of song’s two main functions or serves song transmission in some broader way.

关键词： Birdsong Hermit Thrush Seasonal change Stereotypy Syntax

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physically active primary care physicians consult more on physical activity and exercise for patients: A public teaching-hospital study

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Sports Medicine and Health Science 2024年第1期6卷 82-88页

作者： Ann Kee Lee Rosediani Bt Muhamad Vina phei sean Tan Exercise&Sports Science School of Health SciencesHealth CampusUniversiti Sains Malaysia16150Kubang KerianMalaysia Department of Family Medicine School of Medical SciencesHealth CampusUniversiti Sains Malaysia16150Kubang KerianMalaysia

physical activity and exercise(pAE)improve quality of life and reduce the effects of chronic *** care physicians(pCps)play an important role to encourage pAE in *** aim to assess pCps'current pAE consultation practices and their enablers/barriers in daily clinical *** had 64 pCps(age[35.3±4.7]y,47 women)that completed self-administered questionnaires on pAE consultation practices,training,and confidence ***(n=42)also completed the International physical Activity Questionnaire-Short Form to assess their physical activity(pA)*** conducted correlation,one-way analysis of variance and a linear regression to assess the associations between enablers,barriers and pA levels to pAE consultation *** average,pCps consulted on pAE in 49.7%of their daily clinical *** of pCps(70%)strongly agreed that more pAE knowledge were needed to increase consultation *** three barriers related(ppractices were lack of pAE education(r=0.47),patients’preference of pharmaceutical interventions(r=0.45)and lack of continuing education in pAE for pCps(r=0.37).physically active pCps(health-enhancing pA levels,n=6)gave significantly more daily consultations in pAE,73.2%±21.9%,compared to inactive pCps(n=13),37.4%22.8%(p=0.013).In our regression output,pCps who had higher pA levels consulted more on pAE daily(R^(2)=0.38,ppCps require more knowledge on pAE and need be physically active themselves to increase pAE consultation for patients in their daily *** education should consider including more pA and exercise topics that may benefit both physicians and their patients.

关键词： physical activity and exercise primary care physicians Consultations Exercise prescription Medicine

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Subsequent total joint arthroplasty: Are we learning from the first stage?

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World Journal of Orthopedics 2024年第3期15卷 230-237页

作者： Christine Jiang Wu Colin penrose sean patrick Ryan Michael paul Bolognesi Thorsten Markus Seyler Samuel Secord Wellman Department of Orthopaedic Surgery Duke University HospitalDurhamNC 27710United States Department of Orthopaedic Surgery Midwest Center for Joint ReplacementIndianapolisIN 46241United States

BACKGROUND With the increasing incidence of total joint arthroplasty(TJA),there is a desire to reduce peri-operative complications and resource *** degenerative conditions progress in multiple joints,many patients undergo multiple *** To determine if both physicians and patients learn from the patient’s initial arth-roplasty,resulting in improved outcomes following the second *** The institutional database was retrospectively queried for primary total hip arth-roplasty(THA)and total knee arthroplasty(TKA).patients with only unilateral THA or TKA,and patients undergoing same-day bilateral TJA,were *** demographics,comorbidities,and implant sizes were collected at the time of each procedure and patients were stratified by first vs second *** metrics evaluated included operative time,length of stay(LOS),disposition,90-d readmissions and emergency department(ED)*** A total of 642 patients,including 364 undergoing staged bilateral TKA and 278 undergoing bilateral THA,were *** was no significant difference in demographics or comorbidities between the first and second procedure,which were separated by a mean of 285 *** THA and TKA,LOS was significantly less for the second surgery,with 66%of patients having a shorter hospitalization(ppatients had significantly decreased operative time only when the same sized implant was utilized(p=0.025).The vast majority(93.3%)of patients were discharged to the same type of location following their second ***,when a change in disposition was present from the first surgery,patients were significantly more likely to be discharged to home after the second procedure(p=0.033).There was no difference between procedures for post-operative readmissions(p=0.438)or ED visits(p=0.915).CONCLUSION After gaining valuable experience recovering from the initial surgery,a patient’s perioperative outcomes are improved for their second *** may

关键词： Staged total joint arthroplasty Asynchronous total joint arthroplasty Subsequent total joint arthroplasty Contralateral total joint arthroplasty perioperative outcomes

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Why ecosystem characteristics predicted from remotely sensed data are unbiased and biased at the same time-and how this affects applications

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Forest Ecosystems 2024年第1期11卷 24-31页

作者： Goran Ståhl Terje Gobakken Svetlana Saarela Henrik J.persson Magnus Ekstrom sean p.Healey Zhiqiang Yang Johan Holmgren Eva Lindberg Kenneth Nystrom Emanuele papucci patrik Ulvdal Hans OleØrka Erik Næsset Zhengyang Hou Håkan Olsson Ronald E.McRoberts Department of Forest Resource Management Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences90183UmeåSweden Faculty of Environmental Sciences and Natural Resource Management Norwegian University of Life SciencesÅsNorway USDA Forest Service Rocky Mountain Research StationOgdenUTUSA The Key Laboratory for Silviculture and Conservation of Ministry of Education Beijing Forestry UniversityBeijing100083China Department of Forest Resources University of MinnesotaSt.PaulMNUSA

Remotely sensed data are frequently used for predicting and mapping ecosystem characteristics,and spatially explicit wall-to-wall information is sometimes proposed as the best possible source of information for ***,wall-to-wall information typically relies on model-based prediction,and several features of model-based prediction should be understood before extensively relying on this type of *** such feature is that model-based predictors can be considered both unbiased and biased at the same time,which has important implications in several areas of *** this discussion paper,we first describe the conventional model-unbiasedness paradigm that underpins most prediction techniques using remotely sensed(or other)auxiliary *** this point of view,model-based predictors are typically ***,we show that for specific domains,identified based on their true values,the same model-based predictors can be considered biased,and sometimes severely *** suggest distinguishing between conventional model-bias,defined in the statistical literature as the difference between the expected value of a predictor and the expected value of the quantity being predicted,and design-bias of model-based estimators,defined as the difference between the expected value of a model-based estimator and the true value of the quantity being *** show that model-based estimators(or predictors)are typically design-biased,and that there is a trend in the design-bias from overestimating small true values to underestimating large true ***,we give examples of applications where this is important to acknowledge and to potentially make adjustments to correct for the design-bias *** argue that relying entirely on conventional model-unbiasedness may lead to mistakes in several areas of application that use predictions from remotely sensed data.

关键词： Bias Model-based inference Design-based inference

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Network analyses:Inhibition of androgen receptor signaling reduces inflammation in the lung through AR-MAF-IL6 signaling axes

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Genes & Diseases 2024年第3期11卷 140-143页

作者： Albert R.Wang Andrew M.Baschnagel Zijian Ni sean R.Brennan Hypatia K.Newton Darya Buehler Christina Kendziorski Randall J.Kimple Gopal lyer Department of Human Oncology University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public HealthUniversity of WisconsinMadisonWI 53705USA Department of Biomedical Engineering University of Wisconsin-MadisonMadisonWI 53705USA University of Wisconsin Carbone Cancer Center MadisonWI 53705USA Department of Biostatistics and Medical Informatics University of Wisconsin-MadisonMadisonWI 53706USA Department of Biology Tufts UniversityMedfordMA 02155USA Department of pathology and Laboratory Medicine University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public HealthUniversity of WisconsinMadisonWI 53705USA

Androgen receptor(AR)is a major transcription factor that plays a role in inflammatory response including interleukin-6(IL6)signaling.1 While AR regulation through paracrine loop signaling in prostate tissue is well-studied,its impact through an IL6 autocrine loop in the lung has not been wellstudied despite the organ's response to respiratory viral *** inhibition and RNA knockdown of AR identified a bZIp transcription factor MAF to be a common target of inflammation using these perturbations in lung cells.

关键词： inflammation lung respiratory

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Smoking cessation prior to elective total joint arthroplasty results in sustained abstinence postoperatively

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World Journal of Orthopedics 2024年第7期15卷 627-634页

作者： Billy Insup Kim Jeffrey O'Donnell Colleen M Wixted Thorsten Markus Seyler William A Jiranek Michael paul Bolognesi sean patrick Ryan Department of Orthopedic Surgery Hospital for Special SurgeryNew YorkNY 10021United States Department of Orthopedic Surgery New York UniversityNew YorkNY 10003United States Department of Orthopedic Surgery Duke University HospitalDurhamNC 27560United States

BACKGROUND Tobacco use is a well-documented modifiable risk factor for perioperative *** To determine the tobacco abstinence rates of patients who made cessation efforts prior to a total joint arthroplasty(TJA)*** A retrospective evaluation was performed on 88 self-reported tobacco users who underwent TJA between 2014-2022 and had tobacco cessation dates within 3 mo of *** patients were contacted via phone survey to understand their tobacco use pattern,and patient reported outcomes.A total of 37 TJA patients *** Our cohort was on average 61-years-old,60%(n=22)women,with an average body mass index of 30 kg/m^(2).The average follow-up time was 2.9±1.9 years.A total of 73.0%(n=27)of patients endorsed complete abstinence from tobacco use prior to *** cessation methods were used perioperatively including prescription therapy(13.5%),over the counter nicotine replacement(18.9%),cessation programs(5.4%).At final follow up,43.2%(n=16)of prior tobacco smokers reported complete *** who were able to maintain cessation postoperatively had improved patient-Reported Outcomes Measurement Information System(pROMIS)-10 mental health scores(49 vs 58;p=0.01),and hip dysfunction and osteoarthritis outcome score for joint replacement(***)scores(63 vs 82;p=0.02).No patients in this cohort had a prosthetic joint infection or required revision *** We report a tobacco cessation rate of 43.2%in patients undergoing elective TJA nearly 3 years *** undergoing TJA who were able to remain abstinent had improved pROMIS-10 mental health scores and *** *** perioperative period provides clinicians a unique opportunity to assist active tobacco smokers with cessation efforts and improve postoperative outcomes.

关键词： Smoking cessation Total joint arthroplasty Outcomes Tobacco use postoperative abstinence

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Large-scale genome-wide SNp analysis reveals the rugged(and ragged)landscape of global ancestry,phylogeny,and demographic history in chicken breeds

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Journal of Zhejiang University-Science B(Biomedicine & Biotechnology) 2024年第4期25卷 324-340页

作者： Natalia V.DEMENTIEVA Yuri S.SHCHERBAKOV Olga I.STANISHEVSKAYA Anatoly B.VAKHRAMEEV Tatiana A.LARKINA Artem p.DYSIN Olga A.NIKOLAEVA Anna E.RYABOVA Anastasiia I.AZOVTSEVA Olga V.MITROFANOVA Grigoriy K.pEGLIVANYAN Natalia R.REINBACH Darren K.griffin Michael N.ROMANOV Russian Research Institute of Farm Animal Genetics and Breeding-Branch of the L.K.Ernst Federal Research Centre for Animal Husbandry.pushkin St.Petersburg196601Russia School of Biosciences University of KentCanterburyCT27NJUK L.K.Ernst Federal Research Center for Animal Husbandry DubrovitsyPodolskMoscow Oblast142132Russia

The worldwide chicken gene pool encompasses a remarkable,but shrinking,number of divergently selected breeds of diverse *** study was a large-scale genome-wide analysis of the landscape of the complex molecular architecture,genetic variability,and detailed structure among 49 *** populations represent a significant sample of the world's chicken breeds from Europe(Russia,Czech Republic,France,Spain,UK,etc.),Asia(China),North America(USA),and Oceania(Australia).Based on the results of breed genotyping using the Illumina 60K single nucleotide polymorphism(SNp)chip,a bioinformatic analysis was carried *** included the calculation of heterozygosity/homozygosity statistics,inbreeding coefficients,and effective population *** also included assessment of linkage disequilibrium and construction of phylogenetic *** multidimensional scaling,principal component analysis,and ADMIXTURE-assisted global ancestry analysis,we explored the genetic structure of populations and subpopulations in each *** overall 49-population phylogeny analysis was also performed,and a refined evolutionary model of chicken breed formation was proposed,which included egg,meat,dual-purpose types,and ambiguous *** a large-scale survey of genetic resources in poultry farming using modern genomic methods is of great interest both from the viewpoint of a general understanding of the genetics of the domestic chicken and for the further development of genomic technologies and approaches in poultry *** general,whole genome SNp genotyping of promising chicken breeds from the worldwide gene pool will promote the further development of modern genomic science as applied to poultry.

关键词： Chicken genome diversity Single nucleotide polymorphism(SNp)analysis Gene pool Global ancestry phylogeny Demographic history

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Identification of key genes responsible for cytokine-induced erythroid and myeloid differentiation and switching of hematopoietic stem cells by RAGE

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Cell Research 2006年第12期16卷 923-939页

作者： Kyung L Chin Delia C Tang griffin p Rodgers Molecular and Clinical Hematology Branch (MCHB) National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (NIDDK)National Institutes of HealthBethesdaMD 20892USA

We utilized a unique culture system to analyze the expression patterns of gene,protein,and cell surface antigen,and the biological process of the related genes in erythroid and myeloid differentiation and switching of hematopoieticstem cells(HSCs)in response to cytokine ***-specific fragments(266)identified from five populationsof cytokine-stimulated HSCs were categorized into three groups:(1)expressed specifically in a single cell population;(2)expressed in two cell populations,and(3)expressed in three or more populations. Of 145 defined cDNAs,three(2%)were novel *** two-dimensional gel electrophoresis and flow cytometry analyses showed overlappedand distinguished protein expression profiles in the cell populations *** process mapping of mRNAsexpressed in erythroid and myeloid lineages indicated that mRNAs shared by both lineages attended 'core processes,'whereas genes specifically expressed in either lineage alone were related to specific processes or cellular *** this study support the hypothesis that committed HSCs(E14 or G14)cells can still be redirected to develop intomyeloid or erythroid cells when erythropoietin(EpO)is replaced with granulocyte-colony stimulating factor(G-CSF)under erythroid-cultured condition or G-CSF with EpO in myeloid-cultured environment,*** results sug-gest that genes or proteins co-expressed in erythroid and myeloid lineages may be essential for the lineage maintenanceand switching in hematopoiesis.

关键词： lineage switching hematopoietic stem cells erythroid/myeloid differentiation co-expression biological processes cytokines

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Effect of operating pressure on the performance of THAI-CApRI in situ combustion and in situ catalytic process for simultaneous thermal and catalytic upgrading of heavy oils and bitumen

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petroleum Research 2022年第2期7卷 155-164页

作者： Muhammad Rabiu Ado Malcolm Greaves sean p.Rigby Department of Chemical Engineering College of EngineeringKing Faisal UniversityP.O.Box:380Al-Ahsa31982Saudi Arabia Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering University of NottinghamUniversity ParkNottinghamNG72RDUK Department of Chemical Engineering University of BathClaverton DownBathBA27AYUK

According to the analysis of the 2020 estimates of the International Energy Agency(2020),the world will require up to 770 billion barrels of oil from now to ***,based on the British petroleum(Bp)statistical review of world energy 2020,the world-wide total reserve of the conventional light oil is only 520.2 billion barrels as at the end of *** implies that the remaining 249.8 billion barrels of oil urgently needed to ensure a smooth transition to a decarbonised global energy and economic systems is provided must come from unconventional oils(*** oils and bitumen)*** heavy oils and bitumen are very difficult to produce and the current commercial production technologies have poor efficiency and release large quantities of greenhouse ***,these resources should ideally be upgraded and produced using technologies that have greener *** is where the energy-efficient,environmentally friendly,and self-sustaining THAI-CApRI coupled in situ combustion and in situ catalytic upgrading process comes ***,the novel THAI-CApRI process is trialled only once at field and it has not gained wide recognition due to poor understanding of the optimal design parameters and ***,this work reports the first ever results of investigations of the effect of operating pressure on the performance of the THAI-CApRI *** experimental scale numerical models of the process based on Athabasca tar sand properties were run at pressures of 8000 kpa and 500 kpa respectively using CMG *** study has shown that the higher the operating pressure,the larger the ApI gravity and the higher the cumulative volume of high-quality oil is produced(i.e.a 2300 cm3 of z24 oApI oil produced at 8000 kpa versus the 2050 cm3 of z17.5 oApI oil produced at 500 kpa).The study has further shown that despite presence of annular catalyst layer,the THAI-CApRI process operates ***,it is found that a more stable and safer operation of th

关键词： Toe-to-heel air injection(THAI) Enhanced oil recovery(EOR) Reservoir simulation In situ combustion(ISC) Heavy oil/Bitumen/Tar sand In situ catalytic upgrading

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