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Development of a pH-Stat method to measure in vitro degree of protein hydrolysis using enzymes from pyloric caeca of Atlantic cod(Gadus morhua L.)

Development of a pH-Stat method to measure in vitro degree o...

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The 14th International Symposium on Fish Nutrition & Feeding

作者： sean m.Tibbetts Joyce E.milley Neil W.Ross Santosh P.Lall National Research Council of Canada Institute for Marine Biosciences1411 Oxford StreetHalifaxNova ScotiaCanadaB3H 3Z1 National Research Council of Canada Industrial Research Assistance Program1411 Oxford StreetHalifaxNova ScotiaCanadaB3H 3Z1

Ingredients used in aquafeeds can vary considerably in protein quality which is a concern for feed *** and reproducible methods to screen ingredients are *** vitro methods,which do not use large numbers of fish and yield data quickly,offer an attractive complement to traditional in vivo methods and may be more suitable for research and industrial *** results obtained using certain in vitro methods for finfish and shellfish are promising,reproducibility of results has been *** modifications are necessary to improve existing methods and to standardize the *** method described here involves extraction and partial purification of an enzyme solution from pyloric caeca of Atlantic *** of the two major proteolytic enzymes(trypsin and chymotrypsin) significantly(Pmethod to test the digestibility of feed ingredients,a study was conducted to determine the most suitable substrate/enzyme(S/E) ratio to use in subsequent degree of hydrolysis(DH) assays. This trial used a standard purified protein source(vitamin-free casein,IFN 5-01-162) with four S/E ratios(0.25,0.50,0.75 and 1.00 mg N/mL) and a true blank for *** observation of the curve data combined with best-fit curve modelling with minimum R of 0.99 resulted in maximum DH values in a tight range(25.3-27.5%) with no significant differences between S/E ratios *** assay duration time and volume of NaOH titrant required to achieve maximum DH was,however,highly influenced by S/E ratio ranging frommL to>21 *** the 10-hour assay,the casein DH curve of the 0.50 mg N/mL ratio displayed a rapid increase and reached a clear plateau at maximum DH of 27%.This maximum period was also achieved within a moderate assay duration(6-8 hours)

关键词： Gadoids Atlantic cod Protein Digestibility In vitro Feed ingredients

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Draft Genome Sequence of mentha Iongifolia and Development of Resources for mint Cultivar Improvement

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molecular Plant 2017年第2期10卷 323-339页

作者： Kelly J. Vining sean R. Johnson Amirhossein Ahkami Iris Lange Amber N. Parrish Susan C. Trapp Rodney B. Croteau Shannon C.K. Straub Iovanna Pandelova B. markus Lange Department of Horticulture Oregon State University Corvallis OR 97331 USA m. J. murdock metabolomics Laboratory Institute of Biological Chemistry Washington State University Pullman WA 99164-6340 USA Department of Biology Hobart and William Smith Colleges Geneva NY 14456 USA Present address: Pacific Northwest National Laboratory Environmental Molecular Sciences Laboratory (EMSL) Richiand WA 99354 USA Present address: medifluidics Inc. Fort Collins. CO 80525 USA

The genus mentha encompasses mint species cultivated for their essential oils, which are formulated into a vast array of consumer products. Desirable oil characteristics and resistance to the fungal disease Verti- cillium wilt are top priorities for the mint industry. However, cultivated mints have complex polyploid ge- homes and are sterile. Breeding efforts, therefore, require the development of genomic resources for fertile mint species. Here, we present draft de novo genome and plastome assemblies for a wilt-resistant South African accession of mentha Iongifolia （L.） Huds., a diploid species ancestral to cultivated peppermint and spearmint. The 353 mb genome contains 35 597 predicted protein-coding genes, including 292 disease resistance gene homologs, and nine genes determining essential oil characteristics. A genetic linkage map ordered 1397 genome scaffolds on 12 pseudochromosomes. more than two million simple sequence repeats were identified, which will facilitate molecular marker development. The m. Iongifolia genome is a valuable resource for both metabolic engineering and molecular breeding. This is exemplified by employing the genome sequence to clone and functionally characterize the promoters in a peppermint cultivar, and demonstrating the utility of a glandular trichome-specific promoter to increase expression of a biosynthetic gene, thereby modulating essential oil composition.

关键词： aromatic plant essential oil genome mint Verticillium wilt

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magnesium technology 2010

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2010年

作者： sponsored by the magnesium Committee of the Light metals Division of the minerals metals & materials Society (TmS) edited by sean R. Agnew ... [et al.].

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Predicting muscular strength using demographics,skeletal dimensions,and body composition measures

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Sports medicine and Health Science 2021年第1期3卷 34-39页

作者： sean T.Stanelle Stephen F.Crouse Tyler R.Heimdal Steven E.Riechman Alexandra L.Remy Bradley S.Lambert Department of Health and Kinesiology Texas A&M University400 Bizzell StCollege StationTXUSA Department of Orthopedics Baylor University Medical Center3500 Gaston AveDallasTXUSA Department of Orthopedics and Sports medicine Houston Methodist Hospital6565 Fannin StHoustonTXUSA

The purpose of this study was to develop an equation to predict strength for seven common resistance training exercises using anthropometric and demographic ***-hundred forty-seven healthy adults(74 males,73 females,3512 yr,17410 cm,8819 kg)volunteered to *** composition values(regional/total)and body dimensions were assessed using dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry(DEXA).Subjects underwent the following maximal strength assessments:Leg Press,Chest Press,Leg Curl,Lat Pulldown,Leg Extension,Tri-ceps Pushdown,and Biceps *** linear regression with stepwise removal was used to determine the best model to predict maximal strength for each *** predictor variables identified(pm);weight(kg);BmI;age;sex(0=F,1=m);regional lean masses(Lm,kg);fat mass(Fm,kg);fat free mass(FFm,kg);percent fat(%BF);arm,leg,and trunk lengths(AL,LL,TL;cm);and shoulder width(SW,cm).Analyses were performed with and without regional measures to accommodate scenarios where DEXA is *** models presented were significant(pmodels producing the greatest *** indicate that maximal strength for individual resistance exercises can be reasonably estimated in adults.

关键词： Strength training Exercise testing Regression equation DEXA

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Providing refuges for adult Pacific lamprey Entosphenus tridentatus inside fishways

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Aquaculture and Fisheries 2021年第2期6卷 144-150页

作者： mary L.moser matthew L.Keefer Stephen C.Corbett Kinsey E.Frick Christopher C.Caudill sean C.Tackley Northwest Fisheries Science Center National Marine Fisheries ServiceNational Oceanic and Atmospheric AdministrationSeattleWA98112USA Department of Fish and Wildlife Sciences College of Natural ResourcesUniversity of IdahoMoscowID83844-1136USA Ocean Associates ArlingtonVA22207USA U.S.Army Corps of Engineers Environmental Resources BranchPortlandOR97204-3440USA

Fishways at hydroelectric dams are unnatural environments that typically present fish with channels of uniform depth,variable water velocity,and lack of *** retention and overall passage success may be improved by providing rest and sheltering areas inside *** examined adult Pacific lamprey Entosphenus tridentatus use of two specially designed fishway refuges at Bonneville Dam on the Columbia River(northwestern USA).These relatively small boxes(1.1 m×0.4 m×0.2 m)provided low-velocity,dark refuge from predation for Pacific lamprey,a largely nocturnal *** boxes were equipped with antennas to detect entry of lamprey tagged with passive integrated transponder(PIT)*** PIT tagged and released 3,247 lamprey,including 599 that were double-tagged with a PIT and a radio transmitter,over three study years(2012-2014).In each year,PIT-tagged lamprey detected at nearby fishway exits had used a refuge:12%in 2012,28%in 2013,and 36%in *** residence time of PIT-tagged lamprey in the refuges for each year was 20.3 h,16.6 h,and 13.1 *** entrance into refuges peaked at 0300-0500 PDT,and they typically exited at around 2000 PDT,suggesting that refuges primarily functioned as shelter from *** of refuge use increased with a morphological indicator of sexual maturity(distance between dorsal fins).In the radio-tagged group,refuge users were equally likely to pass Bonneville Dam as ***,refuge users were less likely than non-users to be detected at sites upstream from the dam,perhaps owing to their maturation status or longer mean passage time through our study area(2.0 vs.0.6 d for non-users).Refuges show promise for improving fish retention in fishways,particularly for nocturnal and/or small-bodied species that seek shelter from light or predation.

关键词： fish passage retention

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Long-term mental health outcomes after unintentional burns sustained during childhood:a retrospective cohort study

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Burns & Trauma 2018年第4期6卷 269-278页

作者： Janine m.Duke sean m.Randall Thirthar P.Vetrichevvel Sarah mcGarry James H.Boyd Suzanne Rea Fiona m.Wood Burn Injury Research Unit Faculty Health and Medical SciencesThe University of Western AustraliaM31835 Stirling HighwayCrawleyPerthWestern Australia 6009Australia Centre for Data Linkage Curtin UniversityPerthWestern AustraliaAustralia Curtin medical School Curtin UniversityPerthWestern AustraliaAustralia School of Occupational Therapy Social work and Speech Pathology Curtin UniversityPerthWestern AustraliaAustralia Burns Service of Western Australia Royal Perth Hospital and Princess Margaret HospitalPerthWestern AustraliaAustralia

Background:Burns are a devastating injury that can cause physical and psychological issues. Limited data exist on long-term mental health (mH) after unintentional burns sustained during childhood. This study assessed long-term mH admissions after paediatric burns. methods:This retrospective cohort study included all children (matched uninjured comparison cohort (n=46,548). Linked hospital, mH and death data were examined. multivariable negative binomial regression modelling was used to generate incidence rate ratios (IRR) and 95%confidence intervals (CI). Results:The burn cohort had a significantly higher adjusted rate of post-burn mH admissions compared to the uninjured cohort (IRR, 95%CI:2.55, 2.07–3.15). Post-burn mH admission rates were twice as high for those younger than 5 years at index burn (IRR, 95%CI 2.06, 1.54–2.74), three times higher for those 5–9 years and 15–18 years (IRR, 95%CI:3.21, 1.92–5.37 and 3.37, 2.13–5.33, respectively) and almost five times higher for those aged 10–14 (IRR, 95%CI:4.90, 3.10–7.76), when compared with respective ages of uninjured children. The burn cohort had higher admission rates for mood and anxiety disorders (IRR, 95%CI:2.79, 2.20–3.53), psychotic disorders (IRR, 95%CI:2.82, 1.97–4.03) and mental and behavioural conditions relating to drug and alcohol abuse (IRR, 95%CI:4.25, 3.39–5.32). Conclusions:Ongoing mH support is indicated for paediatric burn patients for a prolonged period after discharge to potentially prevent psychiatric morbidity and associated academic, social and psychological issues.

关键词： Paediatric burns Depression Anxiety Substance abuse Longitudinal study mental health

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PROCESSES OF HEADCUT GROWTH AND mIGRATION IN RILLS AND GULLIES

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International Journal of Sediment Research 2000年第1期15卷 69-82页

作者： Kerry m. Robinson(Plant Science and Water Conservation Research Laboratory, USDA-ARS, 1301 N. Western St., Stillwater, OK 74075, USA)sean J. Bennett(National Sedimentation Laboratory, USDA-ARS, P.O. Box 1157, Oxford, mS 38655, USA)Javier Casali, and Grego

The formation and upstream migration of headcuts significantly increases soil losses and sediment yield from agricultural lands, threatens the structural integrity of earthen dams, and can undermine roads and bridges. Recent research using unique experimental facilities and methodologies has provided new insights on these erosion processes. Under controlled experimental conditions, steady-state soil erosion due to migrating headcuts has been simulated for rills and along crop furrows. During migration, headcut shape, size, rate of movement, and sediment yield remained constant. Downstream of the headcut, a soil bed was constructed where slope was dependent upon the sediment yield from the headcut and the flow transport capacity. Soil erosion processes were also examined in a large outdoor facility simulating gully headcuts. Using a compacted cohesive soil, headcut migration rate was observed to decrease as the average density and average unconfined compressive strength increased. While the flow rate and overfall height were not observed to have a major impact on advance rates, a sand layer at the base of an overfall did have a dramatic influence on advance rates. The erosion processes and flow structure within the large gully headcuts were strikingly similar to those in rills and crop furrows. The commonality of form and process in these soil erosion phenomena suggests that erosion prediction technology and mitigation measures may be developed and widely applied.

关键词： Headcut Soil loss Sediment yield Soil Erosion process Rill Gully

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SARS-CoV-2 productively infects primary human immune system cells in vitro and in CoviD-19 patients

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Journal of molecular Cell Biology 2022年第4期14卷 51-64页

作者： marjorie C.Pontelli italo A.Castro Ronaldo B.martins Leonardo La Serra Flavio P.Veras Daniele C.Nascimento Camila m.Silva Ricardo S.Cardoso Roberta Rosales Rogério Gomes Thais m.Lima Juliano P.Souza Brenda C.Vitti Diego B.Caetite mikhael H.F.de Lima Spencer D.Stumpf Cassandra E.Thompson Louis-marie Bloyet Juliana E Toller-Kawahisa marcela C.Giannini Leticia P.Bonjorno marial.F.Lopes Sabrina S.Batah Li Siyuan Rodrigo Luppino-Assad Sergio C.L.Almeida Fabiola R.Oliveira maira N.Benatti Lorena L.F.Pontes Rodrigo C.Santana Fernando C.Vilar maria Auxiliadora-martins Pei-Yong Shi Thiago m.Cunha Rodrigo T.Calado JoséC.Alves-Filho Dario S.Zamboni Alexandre T.Fabro Paulo Louzada-Junior Rene D.R.Oliveira sean P.J.Whelan Fernando Q.Cunha Eurico Arruda Virology Research Center Ribeirao Preto Medical SchoolUniversity of Sao Pauloibeirao PretoSao Paulo 14049-900.Brazil Center of Research in Inflammatory Diseases Ribeirao Preto Medical SchoolUniversity of Sao PauloRibeirao PretoSao Paulo 14049-900Brazil Department of Celland molecular Biology Ribeirao Preto Medical SchoolUniversityof Sao PauloRibeirao PretoSao Paulo 14049-900 Brazil Regional Blood Centerof Ribeirao Preto Ribeirao Preto Medical ScholUniversity of Sao PauloRibeirao PretoSao Paulo 14049-900Brazil Department of Biochemistry&molecular Biology the University of Texas Medical BranchGalvestonTX7755USA Divisions of Clinical lmmunology Infectious Diseases and Intensive Care UnitRibeirao Preto Medical Schooniversity of Sao PauloRibeirao PretoSao Paulo 14049-900Brazil Department of Pathology Ribeirao Preto Medical Scholniversity of Sao PauloRibeirao PretoSao Paulo 14049-900Brazil Department of molecular microbiology.Washington University in St.Louis Saint LouisMO 63110USA

The severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2(SARS-CovV-2)infection is associated with a hyperinflammatory state and lymphocytopenia,a hallmark that appears as both signature and prognosis of disease severity *** cytokine storm and a sustained inflammatory state are commonly associated with immune cell depletion,it is still unclear whether direct SARS-Cov-2 infection of immune cells could also play a role in this scenario by harboring viral *** found that monocytes,as well as both B and T lymphocytes,were susceptible to SARS-Cov-2 infection in vitro,accumulating double-stranded RNA consistent with viral RNA replication and ultimately leading to expressive T cell *** addition,flow cytometry and immunofluorescence analysis revealed that SARS-Cov-2 was frequently detected in monocytes and B lymphocytes from coronavirus disease 2019(CoVID-19)*** rates of SARS-Cov-2-infected monocytes in peripheral blood mononuclear cells from CoVID-19 patients increased over time from symptom onset,with SARS-CoV-2-positive monocytes,B cells,and CD4+T lymphocytes also detected in postmortem lung *** results indicated that SARS-CoV-2 infection of blood-circulating leukocytes in covID-19 patients might have important implications for disease pathogenesis and progression,immune dysfunction,and virus spread within the host.

关键词： SARS-CoV-2 CoVID-19 lymphocytopenia peripheral blood mononuclear cell(PBmC) lymphocytes monocytes apoptosis

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Genomic consequences of apple improvement

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Horticulture Research 2021年第1期8卷 97-109页

作者： Zoe migicovsky Kyle m.Gardner Christopher Richards C.Thomas Chao Heidi R.Schwaninger Gennaro Fazio Gan-Yuan Zhong sean myles Department of Plant Foodand Environmental SciencesFaculty of AgricultureDalhousie UniversityTruroNSCanada USDA-ARS Plant Germplasm Preservation Research UnitFort CollinsCOUSA USDA-ARS Grape Genetics Research UnitGen evaNYUSA Present address:Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada Fredericton Research and Development CentreFrederictonNBCanada

The apple(malus domestica)is one of the world's most commercially important perennial crops and its improvement has been the focus of human effort for thousands of ***,we genetically characterise over 1000 apple accessions from the United States Department of Agriculture(USDA)germplasm collection using over 30,000 singlenucleotide polymorphisms(SNPs).We con fi rm the close genetic relationship between modern apple cultivars and their primary progenitor species,malus sieversii from Central Asia,and fi nd that cider apples derive more of their ancestry from the European crabapple,malus sylvestris,than do dessert *** determine that most of the USDA collection is a large complex pedigree:over half of the collection is interconnected by a series of fi rst-degree *** addition,15%of the accessions have a fi rst-degree relationship with one of the top 8 cultivars produced in the *** the exception of‘Honeycrisp',the top 8 cultivars are interconnected to each other via pedigree *** cultivars‘Golden Delicious'and‘Red Delicious'were found to have over 60 fi rst-degree relatives,consistent with their repeated use by apple *** detected a signature of intense selection for red skin and provide evidence that breeders also selected for increased fi *** results suggest that Americans are eating apples largely from a single family tree and that the apple's future improvement will bene fi t from increased exploitation of its tremendous natural genetic diversity.

关键词： cultivar crops consequences

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QTL analysis of soft scald in two apple populations

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Horticulture Research 2016年第1期3卷 117-123页

作者： Kendra A mcClure Kyle m Gardner Peter mA Toivonen Cheryl R Hampson Jun Song Charles F Forney John DeLong Istvan Rajcan sean myles Department of Plant and Animal Sciences Faculty of AgricultureDalhousie UniversityTruroB2N 5E3Nova ScotiaCanada Department of Plant Agriculture Crop Science BuildingUniversity of GuelphGuelphN1G 2W1OntarioCanada Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada Fredericton Research and Development CentreFrederictonE3B 4Z7New BrunswickCanada Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada Summerland Research and Development CentreSummerlandV0H 1Z0British ColumbiaCanada Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada Kentville Research and Development CentreKentvilleB4N 1J5Nova ScotiaCanada

The apple(malus×domestica Borkh.)is one of the world’s most widely grown and valuable fruit *** demand for apples year round,storability has emerged as an important consideration for apple breeding *** scald is a cold storage-related disorder that results in sunken,darkened tissue on the fruit *** breeders are keen to generate new cultivars that do not suffer from soft scald and can thus be marketed year *** breeding approaches are protracted and labor intensive,and therefore marker-assisted selection(mAS)is a valuable tool for *** advance mAS for storage disorders in apple,we used genotyping-by-sequencing(GBS)to generate high-density genetic maps in two F1 apple populations,which were then used for quantitative trait locus(QTL)mapping of soft *** total,900 million DNA sequence reads were generated,but after several data filtering steps,only 2%of reads were ultimately used to create two genetic maps that included 1918 and 2818 single-nucleotide *** QTL associated with soft scald were identified in one of the bi-parental populations originating from parent 11W-12-11,an advanced breeding *** study demonstrates the utility of next-generation DNA sequencing technologies for QTL mapping in F1 populations,and provides a basis for the advancement of mAS to improve storability of apples.

关键词： breeding cultivar apple

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