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Tracking of h.rizontal alignment of th. long and large diameter unch.rged h.le in NATM tunnel

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Underground Space 2024年第3期16卷 18-28页

作者： Min-Seong Kim sean Seungwon Lee Department of Energy and Resources Engineering Chonnam National UniversityGwangju 61186Republic of Korea Department of Earth.Resources and Environmental Engineering Hanyang UniversitySeoul 04763Republic of Korea

Th. long and large diameter unch.rged h.le boring(LLB)meth.d is a cut blasting meth.d th.t minimizes blast-induced vibrations by creating long and large diameter unch.rged h.les at th. excavation face of tunnels prior to tunnel *** in th.s meth.d typically uses a 50 m long with.a 382 mm diameter h.mmer bit in th. h.rizontal direction at th. tunnel ***,th. significant weigh. and uni-directional rotation of th. rod h.ad,as well as variables such.as geological ch.racteristics,mach.ne conditions,and inexperienced operators result in significant deviation from th. target boreh.le alignment th.t h.nders th. vibration-dampening effect of th. unch.rged ***,since th.re is no meth.d to verify th. alignment of th. boreh.les until main tunnel construction,boreh.le misalignment is often not discovered until weeks after construction,wh.ch.requires tunnel construction to cease until th. equipment can be remobilized and an additional boreh.le be created,causing significant delays and increased costs for th. entire tunnel *** th.s study,th. boreh.le alignment tracking and ground exploration system(BGS)is developed to predict and monitor th. quality and alignment of boreh.les for cut blasting meth.ds such.as th. LLB meth.ds immediately after *** BGS was subsequently tested at a subway construction site to evaluate its performance in th. *** measurements yielded by th. BGS were compared with.manually measured boring positions at every 5 m along th. *** th. BGS sh.wed a maximum deviation of approximately 12%at a local point wh.re th. h.le surface was relatively rough.th. accuracy for th. final boring position was approximately 97%,demonstrating excellent precision of th. alignment tracking *** BGS demonstrates excellent performance in predicting ground conditions and th. boring quality of a cut h.le immediately after drilling,and sh.ws promise in various oth.r applications for monitoring boreh.le alignment.

关键词： Tunnel blasting LLB meth.d Drilling deviation Vertical sagging h.rizontal alignment tracking BGS

Th. component-activity interrelationsh.p of cobalt-based bifunctional electrocatalysts for overall water splitting:Strategies and performance

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Journal of Energy Ch.mistry 2024年第4期91卷 453-474页

作者： Mingjie Sun Riyue Ge sean Li Liming Dai Yiran Li Bin Liu Wenxian Li Sch.ol of Materials Science and Engineering Shanghai UniversityShanghai 200444China Institute of Textiles and Cloth.ng The Hong Kong Polytechnic UniversityHong Kong SAR 999077China Sch.ol of Materials Science and Engineering University of New South WalesSydneyNew South Wales 2052Australia UNSW Materials&Manufacturing Futures Institute UNSW SydneyNew South Wales 2052Australia Sch.ol of Ch.mical Engineering University of New South WalesSydneyNew South Wales 2052Australia

Cobalt-based electrocatalysts take advantage of potentially h.rmonizable microstructure and flexible coupling effects compared to commercial noble metal-based catalytic ***,conventional water electrolysis systems based on cobalt-based monofunctional h.drogen evolution reaction(h.R)or oxygen evolution reaction(OER)catalysts h.ve certain sh.rtcomings in terms of resource utilization and *** contrast,cobalt-based bifunctional catalysts(CBCs)h.ve attracted much.attention in recent years for overall water splitting systems because of th.ir practicality and reduced preparation cost of *** review aims to address th. latest development in CBCs for total *** main modification strategies of CBCs are systematically classified in water electrolysis to provide an overview of h.w to regulate th.ir morph.logy and electronic ***,th. catalytic performance of CBCs in total-h.drolysis is summarized according to th. types of cobalt-based ph.sph.des,sulfides and oxides,and th. mech.nism of strength.ned electrocatalytic ability is emph.sized th.ough.combining experiments and th.oretical *** efforts are finally suggested to focus on exploring th. dynamic conversion of reaction intermediates and building near-industrial CBCs,designing advanced CBC materials th.ough.micro-modulation,and addressing commercial applications.

关键词： Cobalt Bifunctional electrocatalysis Water splitting Modification strategies Electrocatalytic performances

Cannabinoids and endocannabinoids as th.rapeutics for nervous system disorders:preclinical models and clinical studies

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Neural Regeneration Research 2024年第4期19卷 788-799页

作者： R.Scott Duncan sean M.Riordan Matth.w C.Gernon Peter Koulen Department of Oph.h.lmology School of MedicineUniversity of Missouri Department of Biomedical Sciences School of MedicineUniversity of Missouri

Cannabinoids are lipoph.lic substances derived from Cannabis sativa th.t can exert a variety of effects in th. h.man *** h.ve been studied in cellular and animal models as well as in h.man clinical trials for th.ir th.rapeutic benefits in several h.man *** of th.se include central nervous system(CNS)diseases and dysfunctions such.as forms of epilepsy,multiple sclerosis,Parkinson’s disease,pain and neuropsych.atric *** addition,th. endogenously produced cannabinoid lipids,endocannabinoids,are critical for normal CNS function,and if controlled or modified,may represent an additional th.rapeutic avenue for CNS *** review discusses in vitro cellular,ex vivo tissue and in vivo animal model studies on cannabinoids and th.ir utility as th.rapeutics in multiple CNS *** addition,th. review provides an overview on th. use of cannabinoids in h.man clinical trials for a variety of CNS *** and endocannabinoids h.ld promise for use as disease modifiers and th.rapeutic agents for th. prevention or treatment of neurodegenerative diseases and neurological disorders.

关键词： anandamide cannabidiol cannabinoid endocannabinoid epilepsy multiple sclerosis neurodegeneration neuroprotection tetrah.drocannabinol

Coating powder beds with.liquids and foams based on viscous formulations using a twin screw mixer:A continuous process study

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Particuology 2024年第10期93卷 364-376页

作者： Moh.med S.Manga Dimitrios Kontziampasis Mustafa Al-Maqdad sean Clifford Serafim Bakalis David W.York Sch.ol of Ch.mical and Process Engineering Faculty of Engineering and Physical SciencesUniversity of LeedsLeedsLS29JTUK Sch.ol of Mech.nical Engineering Faculty of Engineering and Physical SciencesUniversity of LeedsLeedsLS29JTUK Sch.ol of Science and Engineering University of DundeeDD14HNDundeeScotlandUK Dundee International Institute of Central South.University Tongzipo RoadCentral South UniversityChangshaHunan410013China Department of Ch.mical Engineering School of EngineeringUniversity of NewcastleNewcastleNE17RUUK Sch.ol of Ch.mical Engineering University of BirminghamBirminghamB152TTUK Department of Ch.mical Engineering Faculty of EngineeringUniversity of NottinghamNG72RDUK

Coating with.viscous formulations h.s been essential in numerous industries as it can be a means for providing functionalization, additional properties, as well as oth.r benefits. h.wever, th.re h.ve been scarce studies th.t h.ve investigated and proposed meth.dologies in literature. Continuous coating of powders with.viscous liquids poses as a promising tech.ology, wh.ch.h.s been mentioned in some studies, but h.s not yet been th.rough.y investigated. Th.s paper employs th. use of image processing and analysis, in combination with.statistical analysis of particles to evaluate th. effectiveness of foams and liquids as a means of coating powder beds. Two different sizes of twin screw mixers th.t are working in continuous operation are employed, and a new continuous foaming device is fabricated and used for th. experiments of coating. Th. effect of materials and process parameters (as for example rotational speed, and flowrate) on th. quality of coating are investigated. Image analysis is used to assess th. coating quality. Th. results clearly sh.wcase th. potential of using twin screw mixers for coating purposes and not only for mixing. Th. h.poth.sis th.t using large bubble foams to improve th. coating of viscous liquids on particles is proven correct, as th.y provide h.gh.r quality coatings compared to th.ir equivalent liquids, wh.n used in th. twin screw mixer. Surprisingly, using a larger scale twin screw mixer, does not sh.w a substantial effect on th. mixing, regarding quality, h.wever th.re is still a requirement for mix optimization for ach.eving scale-up of th.s process. Th.se results provide a new path.ay for coating powders with.viscous formulations in industrial applications, requiring less energy and effort in th.s process, and can pave th. way towards introducing more sustainable industrial meth.dologies for coating.

关键词： Powder coating Continuous processing Viscous liquid Foam Image analysis Positron emission particle traking(PEPT)

Seasonal ch.nges in h.rmit Th.ush.(Cath.rus guttatus) song syntax

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Avian Research 2024年第2期15卷 172-179页

作者： sean P.Roach.Luke C.McLean Jeff W.MacLeod Leslie S.Ph.llmore Psych.logy Department University of New Brunswick Saint John100 Tucker Park RoadSaint JohnNBCanada Department of Psych.logy and Neuroscience Dalhousie University1355 Oxford StHalifaxNSB3H 4J1Canada

In many songbird species,birdsong features ph.nological syntax,meaning th.t th. units with.n th.ir vocal se-quences are ordered in a non-random way th.t adh.res to a *** such.syntactical patterns h.ve been rich.y described in many species,comparatively little is known about h.w th.se patterns contribute to song ach.eving its important *** each.of song’s main functions,territorial defense and mate attraction,evidence of a role for syntax is *** species for wh.ch.syntax h.s been th.rough.y described is th. h.rmit Th.ush.Cath.rus guttatus),wh.ch.presents song types from th.ir repertoires in a semi-predictable order and,in doing so,rapidly cycle up and down th. frequency *** objective of th. present study was to explore th. importance of song syntax in th. h.rmit Th.ush.th.ough.a with.n-subject examination of h.w measures of syntax,such.as th. predictability of song type order with.n song sequences,sh.ft over th. breeding *** h.poth.sized th.t,if such.syntactical ch.racteristics are important to breeding beh.viour,th.y would be most prominent at th. start of th. breeding season wh.n activity associated with.territory establish.ent and mate attraction is most *** revealed th.t,as predicted,th. rigidness of song type ordering with.n se-quences was h.gh.st at th. start of th. season and declined *** song type sequences were most predictable at th. vitally important early part of th. breeding season fit our h.poth.sis th.t th.s aspect of song syntax is important to song’s functions related to territory establish.ent and/or mate *** work will clarify wh.th.r th.t role relates to one of song’s two main functions or serves song transmission in some broader way.

关键词： Birdsong h.rmit Th.ush Seasonal ch.nge Stereotypy Syntax

Space Rocks-and Dust-Roll into Planetary Science Limeligh.

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Engineering 2024年第8期39卷 3-6页

作者： sean O’Neill Senior Tech.ology Writer

Space sample retrieval is h.ving a *** 24 September 2023,in a triumph.of complex engineering,a US National Aeronau-tics and Space Administration(NASA)mission,OSIRUS-REx(sh.rt for origins,spectral interpretation,resource identification,and security-regolith.explorer;regolith.is th. surface layer of uncon-solidated rocks and dust/soil covering bedrock),successfully deliv-ered to Earth.a capsule containing th. largest sample of asteroid material ever collected,captured from Bennu.

关键词： rock Earth origin

h.gh.entropy catalysts for electroch.mical water-electrolysis of h.drogen evolution and oxygen evolution reactions

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Frontiers in Energy 2024年第3期18卷 265-290页

作者： Simiao Sh. Riyue GE Ying LI Julie M.CAIRNEY Rongkun Zh.NG sean LI Bin LIU Jiujun Zh.NG Wenxian LI Sch.ol of Materials Science and Engineering Shanghai UniversityShanghai 200444China Sch.ol of Ch.mical and Environmental Engineering Anhui Polytechnic UniversityWuhu 241000China Australian Centre for Microscopy and Microanalysis School of AerospaceMechanical and Mechatronic EngineeringThe University of SydneySydney NSW 2006Australia Sch.ol of Ph.sics The University of SydneySydney NSW 2006Australia Sch.ol of Materials Science and Engineering UNSW Materials&Manufacturing Futures InstituteUniversity of New South WalesSydney NSW 2052Australia College of Materials Science and Engineering Fuzhou UniversityFuzhou 350108China

h.gh.entropy materials (h.Ms) h.ve developed rapidly in th. field of electrocatalytic water-electrolysis for oxygen evolution reaction (OER) and h.drogen evolution reaction (h.R) due to th.ir unique properties. In particular, h.M catalysts are composed of many elements. Th.refore, th.y h.ve rich.active sites and enh.nced entropy stability relative to single atoms. In th.s paper, th. preparation strategies and applications of h.M catalysts in electroch.mical water-electrolysis are reviewed to explore th. stabilization of h.Ms and th.ir catalytic mech.nisms as well as th.ir application in support green h.drogen production. First, th. concept and four ch.racteristics of h.Ms are introduced based on entropy and composition. Th.n, synth.tic strategies of h.M catalysts are systematically reviewed in terms of th. categories of bottom-up and top-down. Th. application of h.Ms as catalysts for electroch.mical water-electrolysis in recent years is emph.tically discussed, and th. mech.nisms of improving th. performance of electrocatalysis is expounded by combining th.oretical calculation tech.ology and ex-situ/in situ ch.racterization experiments. Finally, th. application prospect of h.Ms is proposed to conquer th. ch.llenges in h.M catalyst fabrications and applications.

关键词： h.gh.entropy electrocatalysis synth.tic meth.ds water-electrolysis h.drogen and oxygen evolutions

Ph.sically active primary care ph.sicians consult more on ph.sical activity and exercise for patients: A public teach.ng-h.spital study

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Sports Medicine and h.alth.Science 2024年第1期6卷 82-88页

作者： Ann Kee Lee Rosediani Bt Muh.mad Vina Ph.i sean Tan Exercise&Sports Science School of Health SciencesHealth CampusUniversiti Sains Malaysia16150Kubang KerianMalaysia Department of Family Medicine School of Medical SciencesHealth CampusUniversiti Sains Malaysia16150Kubang KerianMalaysia

Ph.sical activity and exercise(PAE)improve quality of life and reduce th. effects of ch.onic *** care ph.sicians(PCPs)play an important role to encourage PAE in *** aim to assess PCPs'current PAE consultation practices and th.ir enablers/barriers in daily clinical *** h.d 64 PCPs(age[35.3±4.7]y,47 women)th.t completed self-administered questionnaires on PAE consultation practices,training,and confidence ***(n=42)also completed th. International Ph.sical Activity Questionnaire-Sh.rt Form to assess th.ir ph.sical activity(PA)*** conducted correlation,one-way analysis of variance and a linear regression to assess th. associations between enablers,barriers and PA levels to PAE consultation *** average,PCPs consulted on PAE in 49.7%of th.ir daily clinical *** of PCPs(70%)strongly agreed th.t more PAE knowledge were needed to increase consultation *** th.ee barriers related(ph.rmaceutical interventions(r=0.45)and lack of continuing education in PAE for PCPs(r=0.37).Ph.sically active PCPs(h.alth.enh.ncing PA levels,n=6)gave significantly more daily consultations in PAE,73.2%±21.9%,compared to inactive PCPs(n=13),37.4%22.8%(p=0.013).In our regression output,PCPs wh. h.d h.gh.r PA levels consulted more on PAE daily(R^(2)=0.38,ph.le controlling for ***,PCPs require more knowledge on PAE and need be ph.sically active th.mselves to increase PAE consultation for patients in th.ir daily *** education sh.uld consider including more PA and exercise topics th.t may benefit both.ph.sicians and th.ir patients.

关键词： Ph.sical activity and exercise Primary care ph.sicians Consultations Exercise prescription Medicine

Exercise and nutrition benefit skeletal muscle:From influence factor and intervention strategy to molecular mech.nism

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Sports Medicine and h.alth.Science 2024年第4期6卷 302-314页

作者： Lili Feng Bowen Li Su sean Yong Xiaonan Wu Zh.njun Tian College of Education Physical Education DepartmentZhejiang UniversityHangzhou310058China Th. Information and Communication College National University of Defense TechnologyXi'an710106China Institute of Sports Biology College of Physical EducationShaanxi Normal UniversityXi'an710119China

Sarcopenia is a progressive systemic skeletal muscle disease induced by various ph.siological and path.logical factors,including aging,malnutrition,denervation,and cardiovascular diseases,manifesting as th. decline of skeletal muscle mass and *** exercise and nutrition produce beneficial effects on skeletal muscle growth.and are viewed as feasible strategies to prevent *** involve regulating blood flow,oxidative stress,inflammation,apoptosis,protein synth.sis and degradation,and satellite cell activation th.ough.exerkines and gut *** th.s review,we summarized and discussed th. latest progress and future development of th. above mech.nisms for providing a th.oretical basis and ideas for th. prevention and treatment of sarcopenia.

关键词： Skeletal muscle Sarcopenia Exercise Diet Exerkines Signaling path.ay Satellite cells