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Machine learning applications in healthcare clinical practice and research

World Journal of Clinical Cases 2025年第1期13卷 16-21页

作者： Nikolaos-Achilleas Arkoudis Stavros p papadakos Research Unit of Radiology and Medical Imaging School of MedicineNational and Kapodistrian University of AthensAthens 11528Greece 2^(nd)Department of Radiology “Attikon”General University HospitalMedical SchoolNational and Kapodistrian University of AthensChaidari 12462Greece Department of Gastroenterology Laiko General HospitalNational and Kapodistrian University of AthensAthens 11527Greece

Machine learning(ML)is a type of artificial intelligence that assists computers in the acquisition of knowledge through data analysis,thus creating machines that can complete tasks otherwise requiring human *** its various applications,it has proven groundbreaking in healthcare as well,both in clinical practice and *** this editorial,we succinctly introduce ML applications and present a study,featured in the latest issue of the World Journal of Clinical *** authors of this study conducted an analysis using both multiple linear regression(MLR)and ML methods to investigate the significant factors that may impact the estimated glomerular filtration rate in healthy women with and without non-alcoholic fatty liver disease(NAFLD).Their results implicated age as the most important determining factor in both groups,followed by lactic dehydrogenase,uric acid,forced expiratory volume in one second,and *** addition,for the NAFLD-group,the 5th and 6th most important impact factors were thyroid-stimulating hormone and systolic blood pressure,as compared to plasma calcium and body fat for the NAFLD+***,the study's distinctive contribution lies in its adoption of ML methodologies,showcasing their superiority over traditional statistical approaches(herein MLR),thereby highlighting the potential of ML to represent an invaluable advanced adjunct tool in clinical practice and research.

关键词： Machine Learning Artificial Intelligence Clinical practice Research Glomerular filtration rate Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease Medicine

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High black carbon and ozone concentrations during pollution transport in the Himalayas: Five years of continuous observations at NCO-p global GAW station

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Journal of environmental Sciences 2013年第8期25卷 1618-1625页

作者： A. Marinoni p. Cristofanelli p. Laj R. Duchi D. putero F. Calzolari T. C. Landi e. Vuillermoz M. Maione p. Bonasoni Institute for Atmospheric Sciences and Climate National Research Council of Italy Laboratoire de Glaciologie et Géophysique de l'environnement Université Grenoble 1 CNRS eV-K2-CNR Committee Urbino University DiSBeF

To study the influence of polluted air-mass transport carrying ozone （O3） and black carbon （BC） in the high Himalayas, since March 2006 the Nepal Climate Observatory at pyramid （NCO-p） GAW-WMO global station （Nepal, 5079 m a.s.l.） is operative. During the first 5-year measurements, the O3 and BC concentrations have shown a mean value of 48 ± 12 ppb （± standard deviation） and 208 ± 374 ng/m3, respectively. Both O3 and BC showed well defined seasonal cycles with maxima during pre-monsoon （O3 ： 61.3 ± 7.7 ppbV; BC： 444 ± 433 ng/m3） and minima during the summer monsoon （O3 ： 40.1 ± 12.4 ppbV; BC： 64 ± 101 ng/m3）. The analysis of the days characterised by the presence of a significant BC increase with respect to the typical seasonal cycle identified 156 days affected by ＂acute＂ pollution events, corresponding to 9.1% of the entire data-set. Such events mostly occur in the pre-monsoon period, when the O3 diurnal variability is strongly related to the transport of polluted air-mass rich on BC. On average, these ＂acute＂ pollution events were characterised by dramatic increases of BC （352%） and O3 （29%） levels compared with the remaining days.

关键词： ozone black carbon Himalayas pollution biomass burning troposphere

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prognostic Value of promoter Hypermethylation of Retinoic Acid Receptor Beta (RARB) and CDKN2 (p16/MTS1) in prostate Cancer

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Chinese Journal of Cancer Research 2011年第4期23卷 306-311页

作者： Ameri A Alidoosti A Hosseini Y parvin M emranpour MH Taslimi F Salehi e Fadavi p Department of Radiation Oncology Imam Hossein Hospital Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran Department of Urology Shahid Modarres Hospital Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran Department of pathology Shahid Labbafinezhad Hospital Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran Department of Immunology Faculty of Medicine Tehran University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran Department of Radiation Oncology Tehran University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran

Objective: The molecular mechanism of prostate cancer is poorly understood. The aim of the study was to investigate the prevalence and prognostic value of promoter hypermethylation of retinoic acid receptor beta (RARB) and p16 among benign prostatic hyperplasia (BpH) and prostate cancer patients. Methods: In this case-control study, 63 patients were included in three groups; 21 with BpH as the control group, 21 with prostate cancer and good prognostic factors (based on prostate-specific antigen, Gleason score and stage) as good prognosis group, and 21 with prostate cancer and poor prognostic features as poor prognosis group. The prostate biopsy specimen of each individual was examined for hypermethylation of RARB and p16 promoters by methylation specific pCR (MSpCR). Results: se.e. (33.3%) patients with good prognosis and 15 (71.4%) patients with poor prognosis were positive for RARB methylation, which were significantly higher than controls (p p16 promoter methylation was shown in 19.0% and 47.6% patients with good and poor prognosis, respectively. The RARB and p16 promoter methylation in the poor prognosis group was significantly higher than that in the good prognosis group (p =0.02 for RARB and pp16). Conclusion: Hypermethylation of RARB and p16 promoters may predict prognosis in prostate cancer.

关键词： prostate cancer CpG island DNA methylation Retinoic acid receptor beta (RARB) CDKN2 (p16/MTS1) Methylation Specific pCR

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Study of the e^+e^- to hadrons via ISR at BABAR

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Chinese physics C 2010年第6期34卷 660-668页

作者： e.p.Solodov Budker Institute of Nuclear physics

experimental data from the pep-II B-factory at 10.6 GeV center-of-mass （c.m.） energy, obtained via initial-state radiation （ISR） with the BABAR detector, are presented. The cross sections for many hadronic processes have been measured from the production threshold to 4-5 GeV of the e^＋e^- c.m. energy. The obtained data allow to study a number of intermediate states and determine the parameters of known resonances and their branching fractions. The exclusive cross section for some number of hadronic sub-processes are presented.

关键词： ISR e^+e^- hadrons BABAR

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ANALYSIS MODeL TO SIMULATe THe CRACKeD pIpe BURIeD IN SOIL

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Acta Mechanica Sinica 1998年第2期14卷 147-156页

作者：庄茁 p.e.O’Donoghue Department of engineering Mechanics Tsinghua University Beijing China 100084 Department of Civil engineering University College Dublin Earlsfort Terrace Dublin 2 Ireland

The finite element method was used to simulate the crack propagation in a pipeline in the presence of soil backfill. Since typical values for soil modulus are known, a spring element can be used to simulate the effects of backfilled soil on crack propagation. This consists of the relationship between the soil property and the stiffness of the spring element, and the effect of backfill depth on the crack propagation in the pipes. By equating crack driving force, G, in the presence of soil, to the dynamic fracture toughness of the pipeline material, a theoretical predictive capability was obtained for the gas transmission and distribution pipelines. Numerical calculations had also been carried out for the cracked pipe with backfill and without backfill. (edited author abstract) 9 Refs.

关键词： fracture mechanics finite element simulation pipeline soil

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ON THe CONVeRGeNCe OF AN AppROXIMATe pROXIMAL MeTHOD FOR DC FUNCTIONS

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Journal of Computational Mathematics 2006年第4期24卷 475-480页

作者： A. Moudafi p-e. Maingé Université Antilles Guyane GRIMAAG Département Scientifique interfacultaires 97200 Schelcher Martinique France

In this paper we prove the convergence of the approximate proximal method for DC functions proposed by Sun et al [6]. Our analysis also permits to treat the exact method. We then propose an interesting result in the case where the second component of the DC function is differentiable and provide some computational experiences which proved the efficiency of our method.

关键词： DC minimization Critical points Subdifferentials proximal mappings.

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Heterogeneity of mature oligodendrocytes in the central nervous system

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第5期20卷 1336-1349页

作者： Chao Weng Adam M.R.Groh Moein Yaqubi Qiao-Ling Cui Jo Anne Stratton G.R.Wayne Moore Jack p.Antel Neuroimmunology Unit Montreal Neurological Institute-HospitalDepartment of Neurology and NeurosurgeryMcGill UniversityMontrealQCCanada Department of Neurology Renmin Hospital of Wuhan UniversityWuhanHubei ProvinceChina

Mature oligodendrocytes form myelin sheaths that are crucial for the insulation of axons and efficient signal transmission in the central nervous *** evidence has challenged the classical view of the functionally static mature oligodendrocyte and revealed a gamut of dynamic functions such as the ability to modulate neuronal circuitry and provide metabolic support to *** the recognition of potential heterogeneity in mature oligodendrocyte function,a comprehensive summary of mature oligodendrocyte diversity is *** delve into early 20th-century studies by Robertson and Río-Hortega that laid the foundation for the modern identification of regional and morphological heterogeneity in mature ***,recent morphologic and functional studies call into question the long-assumed homogeneity of mature oligodendrocyte function through the identification of distinct subtypes with varying myelination ***,modern molecular investigations,employing techniques such as single cell/nucleus RNA sequencing,consistently unveil at least six mature oligodendrocyte subpopulations in the human central nervous system that are highly transcriptomically diverse and vary with central nervous system *** and disease related mature oligodendrocyte variation denotes the impact of pathological conditions such as multiple sclerosis,Alzheimer's disease,and psychiatric ***,caution is warranted when subclassifying mature oligodendrocytes because of the simplification needed to make conclusions about cell identity from temporally confined *** studies leveraging advanced techniques like spatial transcriptomics and single-cell proteomics promise a more nuanced understanding of mature oligodendrocyte *** research avenues that precisely evaluate mature oligodendrocyte heterogeneity with care to understand the mitigating influence of species,sex,central nervous system region,age,and disease,

关键词： aging central nervous system diseases electron microscopy heterogeneity immunohistochemistry myelin sheath natural history neuroglia oligodendroglia single-cell gene expression analysis

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Restructuring of plasmonic nanoparticle aggregates with arbitrary particle size distribution in pulsed laser fields

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Chinese physics B 2016年第11期25卷 563-570页

作者： A e ershov A p Gavrilyuk S V Karpov S p polyutov Institute of Computational Modeling Russian Academy of SciencesKrasnoyarsk 660036Russia L.V.Kirensky Institute of physics of the Russian Academy of Sciences Krasnoyarsk 660036Russia Siberian Federal University Krasnoyarsk 660028Russia Siberian State Aerospace University Krasnoyarsk 660037Russia

We have studied processes of interaction of pulsed laser radiation with resonant groups of plasmonic nanoparticles（resonant domains） in large colloidal nanoparticle aggregates having different interparticle gaps and particle size *** processes are responsible for the origin of nonlinear optical effects and photochromic reactions in multiparticle *** describe photo-induced transformations in resonant domains and alterations in their absorption spectra remaining after the pulse action,we introduce the factor of spectral *** on calculation of changes in thermodynamic,mechanical,and optical characteristics of the domains,the histograms of the spectrum photomodification factor have been obtained for various interparticle gaps,an average particle size,and the degree of *** in spectra have been analyzed depending on the intensity of laser radiation and various combinations of size characteristics of *** obtained results can be used to predict manifestation of photochromic effects in composite materials containing different plasmonic nanoparticle aggregates in pulsed laser fields.

关键词： resonant arbitrary pulsed dipole manifestation alterations extinction remaining aggregate colloidal

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Atomic-scale simulations of material behaviors and tribology properties for BCC metal film

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Chinese physics B 2016年第1期25卷 412-418页

作者： H D Aristizabal p A parra p Lopez e Restrepo-parra pCM Computational Applications Universidad Nacional de Colombia-Sede ManizalesA.A.127ManizalesColombi Universidad Cató1ica de Manizales A.A.357ManizalesColombia

This work has two main purposes：（i） introducing the basic concepts of molecular dynamics analysis to material scientists and engineers, and （ii） providing a better understanding of instrumented indentation measurements, presenting an example of nanoindentation and scratch test simulations. To reach these purposes, three-dimensional molecular dynamics （MD） simulations of nanoindentation and scratch test technique were carried out for generic thin films that present BCC crystalline structures. Structures were oriented in the plane （100） and placed on FCC diamond substrates. A pair wise potential was employed to simulate the interaction between atoms of each layer and a repulsive radial potential was used to represent a spherical tip indenting the sample. Mechanical properties of this generic material were obtained by varying the indentation depth and dissociation energy. The load-unload curves and coefficient of friction were found for each test; on the other hand, dissociation energy was varied showing a better mechanical response for films that present grater dissociation energy. Structural change evolution was observed presenting vacancies and slips as the depth was varied.

关键词： molecular dynamics pair wise potential repulsive radial potential dissociation energy

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Ruminal bacteria lipopolysaccharides:an immunological and microbial outlook

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Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology 2022年第5期13卷 1233-1239页

作者： e.Sarmikasoglou A.p.Faciola Department of Animal Sciences University of FloridaGainesvilleFL 32611USA

Lipopolysaccharides(LpS)are outer membrane components of Gram-negative bacteria made of three regions:the O-antigen;the core oligosaccharide;and a glucosamine disaccharide linked to hydroxy fatty acids,which is named lipid *** number phosphate groups,and hydroxy fatty acid chains is associated with the immunopotency and the immunomodulatory activity of LpS,where six-acyl chain lipid A with two phosphate groups is found in virulent strains and five-or four-acyl chain lipid A with one phosphate group are found in non-virulent bacteria *** bacteria are predominantly Gram-negative and their LpS have not been thoroughly *** the rumen,LpS is comprised of mixed ruminal *** upon a body of theoretical and applied work,this paper aims to critically review the scientific literature regarding single-species and mixed ruminal bacteria LpS,highlighting the importance of ruminal LpS to the ***,future research directions are suggested in order to further our understanding of the roles of LpS in the *** suggestions for further understanding ruminal LpS include(1)in silico evaluation of major bacteria contributing to ruminal LpS,(2)structural characterization of LpS from prominent ruminal bacteria species,such as ruminal se.e.omonads and Megasphaera elsdenii,and,(3)ruminal epithelial tissue immune response.e.aluation from single-species and mixed ruminal *** conclusion,this review identifies numerous areas for future research,including setting the basis for future modeling and simulation of host microbiome interactions in ruminants.

关键词： Antagonistic interactions Inflammation Microbial communities Ruminal endotoxin Symbiosis

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