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Phylogenet.c inferences in Prunus （Rosaceae） using chloroplast. ndhF and nuclear ribosomal It. sequences

植物分类学报 2008年第3期46卷 322-332页

作者： Jun WEN scott t. berggren Chung-Hee LEE St.fanie ICKERt.BOND t.ng-Shuang YI Ki-Oug YOO Lei XIE Joey SHAW Dan POt.ER Depart.ent.of Bot.ny National Museum of Natural History MRC 166 Smithsonian Institution Washington DC 20013-7012 USA Depart.ent.of Biology Colorado State University Fort Collins CO 80523 USA Korean Nat.onal Arboret.m 51-7 Jikdongni Soheur-eup Pocheon-si Gyeonggi-do 487-821 Korea UA Museum of t.e Nort. and Depart.ent.of Biology and Wildlife University of Alaska Fairbanks Fairbanks AK 99775-6960 USA Key Laborat.ry of Plant.Biodiversit. and Biogeography Kunming Institute of Botany Chinese Academy of Sciences Kunming 650204 China Division of Life Sciences Kangwon National University Chuncheon 200-701 Korea St.t. Key Laborat.ry of Syst.mat.c and Evolut.onary Bot.ny Institute of Botany Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100093 China Depart.ent.of Biological and Environment.l Sciences University of Tennessee Chattanooga TN 37403-2598 USA Depart.ent.of Plant.Sciences MS 2 University of California Davis CA 95616 USA

Sequences of t.e chloroplast.ndhF gene and t.e nuclear ribosomal It. regions are employed t. recon-st.uct.t.e phylogeny of Prunus (Rosaceae), and evaluat. t.e classificat.on schemes of t.is genus. t.e t.o dat. set. are congruent.in t.at.t.e genera Prunus s.l. and Maddenia form a monophylet.c group, wit. Maddenia nest.d wit.in Prunus. However, t.e ndhF dat. set.is incongruent.wit. t.e It. dat. support.ng t.o major groups wit.in Prunus: one consist.ng of subgenera Laurocerasus (including Pygeum) and Padus as well as t.e genus Maddenia and anot.er of subgenera Amygdalus, Cerasus, and Prunus. t.e It. dat., on t.e ot.er hand, support.a clade composed of subgenera Amygdalus and Prunus and Prunus sect. Microcerasus in addit.on t. a paraphylet.c grade of subgenera Laurocerasus and Padus (and t.e genus Maddenia) t.xa. In general, t.e subgeneric classificat.ons of Prunus s.l. are not.support.d. t.e It. and ndhF phylogenies differ mainly in int.rspecific relat.onships and t.e relat.ve posit.on of t.e Padus/Laurocerasus group. Bot. It. and ndhF dat. set. suggest.t.at.t.e formerly recog-nized genus Pygeum is polyphylet.c and t.at.t.e dist.nct.on of t.e subgenera Padus and Laurocerasus is not.support.d. t.e biogeographic int.ract.ons of t.e t.mperat. and t.opical members in t.e Padus/Laurocera- sus/Maddenia alliance including Pygeum are shown t. be highly dynamic and complex.

关键词：系统发生学叶绿体核糖体层序核子

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Spat.ally biased dispersal of acorns by a scat.er-hoarding corvid may accelerat. passive rest.rat.on of oak habit.t.on California＇s largest.island

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Current.Zoology 2017年第4期63卷 363-367页

作者： Mario B. PESENDORFER t. scott SILLEt. scott A. MORRISON School of Biological Sciences University of Nebraska - Lincoln 348 Manter Hall Lincoln NE 68588-0118 USA Migrat.ry Bird Cent.r Smithsonian Conservation Biology Institute National Zoological Park MRC 5503 Washington D.C. 20013-7012 USA Cornell Lab of Ornit.ology 159 Sapsucker Woods Rd Ithaca NY 14850 USA t.e Nat.re Conservancy 4th Floor 201 Mission Street San Francisco CA 94105 USA

Scat.er hoarding by corvids （crows, jays, magpies, and nut.rackers） provides seed dispersal for many large-seeded plant., including oaks and pines. When hoarding seeds, corvids oft.n choose nonrandom locat.ons t.roughout.t.e landscape, result.ng in different.al survival of seeds. In t.e cont.xt.of habit.t.rest.rat.on, such disproport.onal st.ring of seeds in areas suit.ble for germin- at.on and est.blishment.can accelerat. expansion and recovery of large-seeded t.ee populat.ons and t.eir associat.d ecosyst.ms. Here, we invest.gat. t.e spat.al preferences of island scrub jays Aphelocoma insularis during scat.er hoarding of acorns （Quercus spp.） on Sant. Cruz Island. We use a large behavioral dat. set.on t.e birds＇ behavior in combinat.on wit. seedling surveys and spat.al analysis t. det.rmine whet.er 1） island scrub jays disproport.onally cache seeds in specific habit.t.t.pes, and 2） whet.er t.e preferred habit.t.t.pe is suit.ble for oak regenerat.on. Our result. show t.at.t.e jays nonrandomly cache acorns across t.e landscape; t.ey use chaparral and coast.l sage scrub disproport.onally while avoiding open and grassy areas. t.e areas used most.oft.n for caching were also t.e areas wit. t.e highest.oak seedling densit.es. We discuss t.e pot.nt.al role of t.ese findings for t.e recovery of Sant. Cruz Island＇s oak habit.t.since t.e 1980s.

关键词： Aphelocoma insularis direct.onal dispersal habit.t.rest.rat.on Quercus spp. scat.er hoarding seed dispersal.

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Sublet.al effect. of malat.ion on boll weevil （Coleopt.ra： Curculionidae） fecundit. when maint.ined on cot.on squares or art.ficial diet

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Insect.Science 2006年第4期13卷 287-292页

作者： JOHN scott ARMSt.ONG ALLAN t. SHOWLER MAMOUDOU SEt.MOU SHOIL GREENBERG Beneficial Insect. Unit Int.grat.d Farming and Nat.ral Resources Research Unit Kika de la Garza Subtropical Agricultural Research Center USDA-ARS t.xas A&M Universit. Cit.us Cent.r Welascao Texas USA

Mat.d 3-day-old female boll weevils, Ant.onomus grandis grandis Boheman, reared from field-infest.d cot.on （Gossypium hirsut.m L.） squares were t.pically t.eat.d wit. an est.mat.d LD50 of malat.ion （2μg） t. assess it. effect. on fecundit., oviposit.on, and body fat.condit.on. t.o different.food sources, cot.on squares and art.ficial diet. were assessed in malat.ion-t.eat.d and nont.eat.d （cont.ol） weevils. t.e LD50 caused ≈ 50% mort.lit. in t.e square-fed malat.ion t.eat.ent. but.t.e art.ficial diet.fed malat.ion-t.eat.d weevils were less suscept.ble. LD50 survivors fed on t.e squares produced ≥ 9 t.mes more chorionat.d eggs in t.e ovaries and oviposit.d ≥ 19-fold more t.an survivors fed art.ficial diet. regardless of t.e malat.ion t.eat.ent. Boll weevils t.at.survived a 2μg LD50 malat.ion and also fed squares were ≈4.5-fold leaner t.an diet.fed weevils. Our findings demonst.at. t.at.non-resist.nt.boll weevils surviving a sublet.al dose of malat.ion will reproduce wit.out.any delay or significant.loss in fecundit., and t.e food source for which boll weevils are maint.ined when conduct.ng t.ese assays will direct.y affect.t.e result.. t.e significance of t.ese findings and how t.ey are relat.d t. t.e final st.ges of eradicat.ng t.e boll weevil from t.e US are discussed.

关键词： Ant.onomus grandis grandis boll weevil fecundit. malat.ion sublet.al

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Influence of t.wing speed on effect.veness of rolling dynamic compact.on

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Journal of Rock Mechanics and Geot.chnical Engineering 2020年第1期12卷 126-134页

作者： Brendan t.scott Mark B.Jaksa Pet.r W.Mit.hell School of Civil Environmental and Mining EngineeringThe University of AdelaideSouth Australia5005Australia Aurecon AdelaideSouth Australia5000Australia

t.e influence of t.wing speed on t.e effect.veness of t.e 4-sided impact.roller using eart. pressure cells(EPCs)is *** field t.ials were undert.ken;t.e first.t.ial used t.ree EPCs placed at.varying dept.s bet.een 0.5 m and 1.5 m wit. t.wing speeds of 9-12 km/*** second used t.ree EPCs placed at.a uniform dept. of 0.8 m,wit. t.wing speeds of 5-15 km/*** findings from t.e t.o t.ials confirmed t.at.t.wing speed influences t.e pressure impart.d t. t.e ground and hence compact.ve *** paper proposes t.at.t.e energy impart.d t. t.e ground is best.described in t.rms of work done,which is t.e sum of t.e change in bot. pot.nt.al and kinet.c *** pract.ce of using eit.er kinet.c energy or gravit.t.onal pot.nt.al energy should be avoided as neit.er can accurat.ly quant.fy rolling dynamic compact.on(RDC)when t.wing speed is varied.

关键词： Rolling dynamic compact.on(RDC) Opt.mum t.wing speed Ground improvement

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Segment.boundaries of t.e adult.rat.epididymis limit.int.rst.t.al signaling by pot.nt.al paracrine fact.rs and segment. lose different.al gene expression aft.r efferent.duct.ligat.on

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Asian Journal of Andrology 2007年第4期9卷 565-573页

作者： t.rry t. t.mer Daniel S. Johnst.n scott A. Jelinsky Jose L. t.msig Joshua N. Finger Depart.ent.of Urology University of Virginia Health Science System Charlottesville VA 22908 US Cell Biology University of Virginia Health Science System Charlottesville VA 22908 US Cont.acept.on Women＇s Health and Musculoskeletal Biology Wyeth Research Collegeville PA 19426 USA Biological t.chnologies Molecular Profiling and Biomarker Discovery Wyeth Research Cambridge MA 02140 USA

t.e epididymis is divided int. caput. corpus and cauda regions, organized int. int.aregional segment. separat.d by connect.ve t.ssue sept. （Ct.）. In t.e adult.rat.and mouse t.ese segment. are highly different.at.d. Regulat.on of t.ese segment. is by endocrine, lumicrine and paracrine fact.rs, t.e relat.ve import.nce of which remains under invest.gat.on. Here, t.e abilit. of t.e Ct. t. limit.signaling in t.e int.rst.t.al compart.ent.is reviewed as is t.e effect.of 15 days of unilat.ral efferent.duct.ligat.on （EDL） on ipsilat.ral segment.l t.anscript.onal profiles. Int.r-segment.l microperifusions of epidermal growt. fact.r （EGF）, vascular endot.elial growt. fact.r （VEGFA） and fibroblast.growt. fact.r 2 （FGF2） increased phosphorylat.on of mit.gen act.vat.d prot.in kinase （MAPK） in segment. 1 and 2 of t.e rat.epididymis and t.e effect. of all fact.rs were limit.d by t.e Ct. separat.ng t.e segment.. Microan＇ay analysis of segment.l gene expression det.rmined t.e effect.of 15 days of unilat.ral EDL on t.e t.anscript.me-wide gene expression of rat.segment. 1-4. Over 11 000 genes were expressed in each of t.e four segment. and over 2 000 t.anscript. in segment.1 responded t. deprivat.on of t.st.cular lumicrine fact.rs. Segment. 1 and 2 of cont.ol t.ssues were t.e most.t.anscript.onally different.and EDL had it. great.st.effect. t.ere. In t.e absence of lumicrine fact.rs, all four segment. regressed t. a t.anscript.onally undifferent.at.d st.t., consist.nt.wit. t.e less different.at.d hist.logy. Deprivat.on of lumicrine fact.rs could st.mulat. an individual gene＇s expression in some segment. yet.suppress it.in ot.ers. Such result. reveal a higher complexit. of t.e regulat.on of rat.epididymal segment. t.an t.at.is generally appreciat.d. （Asian J Androl 2007 July; 9： 565-573）

关键词： efferent.duct.ligat.on dedifferent.at.on proximal epididymis

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Abirat.rone plus prednisone improves survival in met.st.t.c cast.at.on-resist.nt.prost.t. cancer

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Asian Journal of Andrology 2011年第6期13卷 785-786页

作者： scott t.t.gawa Himisha Belt.an Depart.ent. of Medicine and Urology Weill Comell Medical College Weill Cornell Cancer Center New York NY 10065 USA

In essent.ally just.1 year＇s t.me, we have seen science t.anslat.d int. excit.ng new t.erapeut.c agent. for men wit. met.st.t.c cast.at.on-resist.nt.prost.t. cancer （CRPC）, most.recent.y wit. t.e Unit.d St.t.s Foo... 详细信息

关键词： t.anslat.d t.erapeut.c agent.

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Molecule-based modeling of heavy oil

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Science China Chemist.y 2013年第7期56卷 840-847页

作者： HORt.N scott R. HOU Zhen MORENO Brian M. BENNEt. Craig A. KLEIN Michael t. Depart.ent.of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering University of Delaware

A molecular-level kinet.cs model has been developed for t.e pyrolysis of heavy residual oil. Resid st.uct.re was modeled in t.rms of t.ree at.ribut. groups: cores, int.r-core linkages, and side chains. t.e concent.at.ons of at.ribut.s were const.ained by probabilit. densit. funct.ons (PDFs) t.at.were opt.mized by minimizing t.e difference bet.een t.e propert.es of t.e comput.t.onal represent.t.on-which were obt.ined by juxt.posing t.e at.ribut.s-t. measured propert.es, which were obt.ined by analyt.cal chemist.y measurement.. Comput.t.onal t.ols were used t. build a react.on net.ork t.at.was const.uct.d based upon model compounds and t.eir associat.d kinet.cs. For cases wit. an int.act.ble number of species, equat.ons were writ.en in t.rms of t.e t.ree at.ribut. groups and t.e molecular composit.on was ret.ined implicit.y t.rough t.e juxt.posit.on. t.ese modeling met.ods were applied t. t.e Shengli and Daqing resids. t.e composit.on of t.e simulat.d molecular feedst.ck fit.well wit. analyt.cal chemist.y measurement.. Aft.r simulat.d pyrolysis, bot. resids showed represent.t.ve increases in t.e weight.fract.ons of light.r hydrocarbons. Relevant.end-use propert.es were predict.d for t.e product.mixt.res.

关键词： heavy oil resid pyrolysis molecular-level kinet.c modeling

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Ident.ficat.on of epididymis-specific t.anscript. in t.e mouse and rat.by t.anscript.onal profiling

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Asian Journal of Andrology 2007年第4期9卷 522-527页

作者： Daniel S. Johnst.n t.rry t. t.rner Joshua N. Finger t.acy L. Owt.charuk Gregory S. Kopf scott A. Jelinsky Cont.acept.on Women＇s Health and Musculoskeletal Biology Wyeth Research Collegeville PA 19426 USA Depart.ent.of Urology University of Virginia Health Science System Charlottesville VA 22908 Cell Biology University of Virginia Health Science System Charlottesville VA 22908 USA Biological t.chnologies Molecular Profiling and Biomarker Discovery Wyeth Research Cambridge MA 02140 USA

As part.of our effort. t. ident.fy novel cont.acept.ve t.rget. in t.e epididymis we performed t.anscript.onal profiling on each of t.e 10 and 19 segment. of t.e mouse and rat.epididymidis, respect.vely, using Affymet.ix whole genome microarrays. A t.t.l of 17 096 and 16 360 probe set. represent.ng t.anscript. were ident.fied as being expressed in t.e segment.d mouse and rat.epididymal t.anscript.mes, respect.vely. Comparison of t.e expressed murine t.anscript. against.a mouse t.anscript.onal profiling dat.base derived from 22 ot.er mouse t.ssues ident.fied 77 t.anscript. t.at.were expressed uniquely in t.e epididymis. t.e expression of t.ese genes was furt.er evaluat.d by reverse t.anscript.on polymerase chain react.on （Rt.PCR） analysis of RNA from 21 mouse t.ssues. Rt.PCR analysis confirmed epididymis-specific expression of Defensin Bet. 13 and ident.fied t.o addit.onal genes wit. expression rest.ict.d only t. t.e epididymis and t.st.s. Comparison of t.e 16 360 expressed t.anscript. in t.e rat.epididymis wit. dat. of 21 ot.er t.ssues from a rat.t.anscript.onal profiling dat.base ident.fied 110 t.anscript. specific for t.e epididymis. Sixt.-t.o of t.ese t.anscript. were furt.er invest.gat.d by qPCR analysis. Only Defensin 22 （E3 epididymal prot.in） was shown t. be complet.ly specific for t.e epididymis. In addit.on, 14 t.anscript. showed more t.an 100-fold select.ve expression in t.e epididymis. t.e product. of t.ese genes might.play import.nt.roles in epididymal and/or sperm funct.on and furt.er invest.gat.on and validat.on as cont.acept.ve t.rget. are warrant.d. t.e result. of t.e st.dies described in t.is report.are available at.t.e Mammalian Reproduct.ve Genet.cs （MRG） Dat.base （ht.p：//mrg. ***/）. （Asian J Androl 2007July; 9： 522-527）

关键词： mouse rat epididymis t.anscript.onal profiling cont.acept.on microarray epididymis-specific epididymis-select.ve

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Role of ion channels in gast.oint.st.nal cancer

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World Journal of Gast.oent.rology 2019年第38期25卷 5732-5772页

作者： Kyle J Anderson Robert.t.Cormier Pat.icia M scott Depart.ent.of Biomedical Sciences University of Minnesota Medical School

In t.eir seminal papers Hanahan and Weinberg described oncogenic processes a normal cell undergoes t. be t.ansformed int. a cancer *** funct.ons of ion channels in t.e gast.oint.st.nal(GI)t.act.influence a variet. of cellular processes,many of which overlap wit. t.ese hallmarks of *** t.is review we focus on t.e roles of t.e calcium(Ca^2+),sodium(Na^+),pot.ssium(K^+),chloride(Cl^-)and zinc(Zn^2+)t.ansport.rs in GI cancer,wit. a special emphasis on t.e roles of t.e KCNQ1 K+channel and CFt. Cl-channel in colorect.l cancer(CRC).Ca^2+is a ubiquit.us second messenger,serving as a signaling molecule for a variet. of cellular processes such as cont.ol of t.e cell cycle,apopt.sis,and *** members of t.e t.P superfamily,including t.PM8,t.PM7,t.PM6 and t.PM2,have been implicat.d in GI cancers,especially t.rough overexpression in pancreat.c adenocarcinomas and down-regulat.on in colon ***-gat.d sodium channels(VGSCs)are classically associat.d wit. t.e init.at.on and conduct.on of act.on pot.nt.als in elect.ically excit.ble cells such as neurons and muscle *** VGSC NaV1.5 is abundant.y expressed in human colorect.l CRC cell lines as well as being highly expressed in primary CRC *** have demonst.at.d t.at.conduct.nce t.rough NaV1.5 cont.ibut.s significant.y t. CRC cell invasiveness and cancer ***2+t.ansport.rs of t.e ZIP/SLC39A and Znt.SLC30A families are dysregulat.d in all major GI organ cancers,in part.cular,ZIP4 up-regulat.on in pancreat.c cancer(PC).More t.an 70 K+channel genes,clust.red in four families,are found expressed in t.e GI t.act.where t.ey regulat. a range of cellular processes,including gast.in secret.on in t.e st.mach and anion secret.on and fluid balance in t.e int.st.nal *** dist.nct.t.pes of K+channels are found dysregulat.d in t.e GI *** are hERG1 upregulat.on in PC,gast.ic cancer(GC)and CRC,leading t. enhanced cancer angiogenesis and invasion,and KCNQ1 down-regulat.on in CR

关键词： Ion channels Gast.oint.st.nal cancer Colorect.l cancer Gast.ic cancer Pancreat.c cancer Esophageal cancer Hepat.cellular carcinoma Prognost.c biomarker Novel t.erapies Clinical t.rget.

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Wireless organic elect.onic ion pumps driven by phot.volt.ics

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npj Flexible Elect.onics 2019年第1期3卷 126-131页

作者： Marie Jakešová t.eresia Arbring Sjöst.öm VedranĐerek David Poxson Magnus berggren Eric Daniel Głowacki Daniel t.Simon Laborat.ry of Organic Elect.onics ITN Campus NorrköpingLinköping UniversitySE-60174 NorrköpingSweden Wallenberg Cent.e for Molecular Medicine Linköping UniversitySE-58185 LinköpingSweden

t.e organic elect.onic ion pump(OEIP)is an emerging bioelect.onic t.chnology for on-demand and local delivery of pharmacologically act.ve species,especially t.rget.ng alkali ions,and *** elect.ical cont.ol is advant.geous for providing precise spat.al,t.mporal,and quant.t.t.ve delivery,t.adit.onally,it.necessit.t.s *** complicat.s ***,we demonst.at. int.grat.on of an OEIP wit. a phot.volt.ic driver on a flexible carrier,which can be addressed by red light.wit.in t.e t.ssue t.ansparency *** t.in-film bilayer phot.volt.ic pixels are arranged in series and/or vert.cal t.ndem t. provide t.e 2.5–4.5 V necessary for operat.ng t.e high-resist.nce elect.ophoret.c ion *** demonst.at. light.st.mulat.d t.ansport.of cat.ons,ranging in size from prot.ns t. *** device,laminat.d on t.p of t.e skin,can easily be driven wit. a red LED emit.ing t.rough a 1.5-cm-t.ick *** end result.of our work is a t.in and flexible int.grat.d wireless device plat.orm.

关键词： precise t.ansparency alkali

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