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Long-term monitoring of cycles in Clethrionomys rutilus in the Yukon boreal forest

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Integrative Zoology 2024年第1期19卷 27-36页

作者： Charles J.KReBS Alice J.KeNNeY B.scott GILBeRT Rudy BOONSTRA Department of Zoology University of British ColumbiaVancouverBritish ColumbiaCanada Renewable Resources Management Program Yukon UniversityWhitehorseYukonCanada Department of Biological Sciences University of Toronto ScarboroughTorontoOntarioCanada

Baseline studies of small rodent populations in undisturbed ecosystems are *** report here 50 years of mon-itoring and experimentation in Yukon of a dominant rodent species in the North American boreal forest,the red-backed vole Clethrionomys *** voles breed in summer,weigh 20–25 g,and reach a maximum density of 20 to 25 per *** populations have shown consistent 3–4-year cycles for the last 50 years with the only change being that peak densities averaged 8/ha until 2000 and 18/ha since that *** the last 25 years,we have measured food resources,predator numbers,and winter weather,and for 1-year social interactions,to estimate their contribution to changes in the rate of summer increase and the rate of overwinter *** these potential limiting factors could contribute to changes in density,and we measured their relative contributions statistically with multiple *** rate of winter decline in density was related to both food supply and winter *** rate of summer increase was related to summer berry crops and white spruce cone *** measure of predator numbers was related to winter or summer changes in vole *** was a large signal of climate change effects in these *** is no density dependence in summer population growth and only a weak one in winter population *** of our results provide a clear understanding of what generates 3–4-year cycles in these voles,and the major missing piece may be an understanding of social interactions at high density.

关键词： boreal forest climate change density dependence population cycles predation winter severity

Promoting public health through the 2024 Compendium of Physical Activities:Strategies for adults,older adults,and wheelchair users

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Journal of Sport and Health Science 2024年第6期13卷 739-742页

作者： Stephen D.Herrmann scott A.Conger erik A.Willis Barbara e.Ainsworth Kansas Center for Metabolism and Obesity Research University of Kansas Medical CenterKansas CityKS 66160USA Division of Physical Activity and Weight Management Department of Internal MedicineUniversity of Kansas Medical CenterKansas CityKS 66160USA Department of Kinesiology Boise State UniversityBoiseID 83725USA Prevention Research Center University of North Carolina at Chapel HillChapel HillNC 27599USA College of Health Solutions Arizona State UniversityPhoenixAZ 85003USA School of exercise and Health Shanghai University of SportShanghai 200438China

Physical activity(PA)is fundamentally linked to public health,^(1)providing benefits including chronic disease prevention and treatment,^(2)mental health,^(3)musculoskeletal health,^(4)and healthy aging,^(5)along with socioeconomic advantages.^(6)These benefits highlight the importance of promoting PA for all *** recent publication of the Compendium of Physical Activities(Compendium)serves as a valuable resource,^(7)offering an updated and expanded guide for adults(ages 19-59)with tailored energy cost values for diverse populations.

关键词： Activities prevention offering

Adaptation in brain structure and respiratory and olfactory structures across environmental gradients in African and North American muroid rodents

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Integrative Zoology 2024年第1期19卷 165-181页

作者： Peter J.TAYLOR Aluwani NeNGOVHeLA Christiane DeNYS Graham R.scott Catherine M.IVY Department of Zoology School of Natural and Mathematical SciencesUniversity of VendaThohoyandouSouth Africa Afromontane Unit Department of Zoology and EntomologyUniversity of the Free StatePhuthaditjhabaSouth Africa Department of Mammalogy National MuseumBloemfonteinSouth Africa Institut de Systématique EvolutionBiodiversité(ISYEB)Muséum National d’Histoire NaturelleCNRSSorbonne UniversitéEPHEUniversitéDes AntillesParisFrance Department of Biology McMaster UniversityHamiltonOntarioCanada Guglielmo and Shoemaker Labs Advanced Facility for Avian ResearchUniversity of Western OntarioLondonOntarioCanada

Morphometric studies of 3D micro CT-scanned images can provide insights into the evolution of the brain and sensory structures but such data are still scarce for the most diverse mammalian order of *** reviewed and new data,we tested for convergence to extreme aridity and high elevation in the sensory and brain morphology of rodents,from morphometric data from micro-CT X-ray scans of 174 crania of 16 species of three distantly re-lated African murid(soft-furred mice,Praomyini,laminate-toothed rats,Otomyini,and gerbils,Gerbillinae)clades and one North American cricetid(deer mice and white-footed mice,Peromyscus)*** studies demon-strated convergent evolution acting on the oval window area of the cochlea(enlarged in extremely arid-adapted species of Otomyini and Gerbillinae)and on endocranial volume(reduced in high elevation taxa of Otomyini and Peromyscus).However,contrary to our predictions,we did notfind evidence of convergence in brain struc-ture to aridity,or in the olfactory/respiratory system(turbinate bones)to high *** structure differed,particularly in the petrosal lobules of the cerebellum and the olfactory bulbs,between Otomyini and Gerbillinae,with extreme arid-adapted species in each clade being highly divergent(not convergent)from other species in the same *** observed greater“packing”of the maxillary turbinate bones,which have important respiratory functions,in Peromyscus mice from high and low elevations compared to the high-elevation African Praomyini,but more complex patterns within Peromyscus,probably related to trade-offs in respiratory physiology and heat exchange in the nasal epithelium associated with high-elevation adaptation.

关键词： 3D morphometrics Africa brain size North America Rodentia sensory evolution

Quantitative Applications of Weather Satellite Data for Nowcasting:Progress and Challenges

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Journal of Meteorological Research 2024年第3期38卷 399-413页

作者： Jun LI Jing ZHeNG Bo LI Min MIN Yanan LIU Chian-Yi LIU Zhenglong LI WPaul MeNZeL Timothy J.SCHMIT John L.CINTINeO scott LINDSTROM scott BACHMeIeR Yunheng XUe Yayu MA Di DI Han LIN Innovation Centre for Fengyun Meteorological Satellite(FYSIC) National Satellite Meteorological CentreChina Meteorological AdministrationBeijing100081China School of Atmospheric Sciences and Guangdong Province Key Laboratory for Climate Change and Natural Disaster Studies Sun Yat-sen University and Southern Laboratory of Ocean Science and EngineeringZhuhai519082China Key Laboratory of Geographic Information Science(Ministry of education) East China Normal UniversityShanghai200241China Research Center for environmental Changes Academia SinicaTaipei11529China Cooperative Institute for Meteorological Satellite Studies University of Wisconsin-MadisonMadisonWI53706USA Sensors and Calibration Branch STAR/NESDISMadisonWI53706USA Wuxi University Wuxi214105China School of Computer Science Chengdu University of Information TechnologyChengdu610225China Collaborative Innovation Center on Forecast and evaluation of Meteorological Disasters Nanjing University of Information Science&TechnologyNanjing210044China Key Laboratory of Spatial Data Mining and Information Sharing of Ministry of education National and Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Satellite Geospatial Information TechnologyFuzhou UniversityFuzhou350108China

Monitoring and predicting highly localized weather events over a very short-term period,typically ranging from minutes to a few hours,are very important for decision makers and public *** these events usually relies on radar observations through monitoring and *** advanced high-resolution imaging and sounding observations from weather satellites,nowcasting can be enhanced by combining radar,satellite,and other data,while quantitative applications of those data for nowcasting are advanced through using machine learning *** applications include monitoring the location,impact area,intensity,water vapor,atmospheric instability,precipitation,physical properties,and optical properties of the severe storm at different stages(pre-convection,initiation,development,and decaying),identification of storm types(wind,snow,hail,etc.),and predicting the occurrence and evolution of the *** observations can provide information on the environmental characteristics in the preconvection stage and are very useful for situational awareness and storm *** paper provides an overview of recent progress on quantitative applications of satellite data in nowcasting and its challenges,and future perspectives are also addressed and discussed.

关键词： weather satellite quantitative applications nowcasting pre-convection

Chasing the Northern Lights--For an unforgettable trip,follow the Northern Lights across europe by train

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空中英语教室（高级版．彭蒙惠英语） 2024年第9期 24-26,46页

作者： scott Hartbeck 不详

europe is a dream come true come *** the merriment of myriad Christmas markets to joyous carnival celebrations,the continent shines bright during the season of darkness.

关键词： forget winter dream

Older Adult Compendium of Physical Activities:energy costs of human activities in adults aged 60 and older

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Journal of Sport and Health Science 2024年第1期13卷 13-17,F0003页

作者： erik A.Willis Stephen D.Herrmann Mary Hastert Chelsea L.Kracht Tiago V.Barreira John M.Schuna Jr. Zhenghua Cai Minghui Quan scott A.Conger Wendy J.Brown Barbara e.Ainsworth Center for Health Promotion and Disease Prevention University of North Carolina at Chapel HillChapel HillNC 27599USA Kansas Center for Metabolism and Obesity Research The University of Kansas Medical CenterKansas CityKS 66160USA Division of Physical Activity and Weight Management Department of Internal MedicineUniversity of Kansas Medical CenterKansas CityKS 66160USA Clinical Science Division Pennington Biomedical Research CenterBaton RougeLA 70808USA exercise Science Department Syracuse UniversitySyracuseNY 13244USA School of exercise&Sport Science Oregon State UniversityCorvallisOR 97331USA School of exercise and Health Shanghai University of SportShanghai 200438China Department of Kinesiology Boise State UniversityBoiseID 83725USA School of Human Movement and Nutrition Sciences The University of QueenslandSt.LuciaQLD 4072Australia Faculty of Health Sciences and Medicine Bond UniversityGold CoastQLD 4229Australia College of Health Solutions Arizona State UniversityPhoenixAZ 85003USA

Purpose:To describe the development of a Compendium for estimating the energy costs of activities in adults>60 years(OA Compendium).Methods:Physical activities(PAs)and their metabolic equivalent of task(MeT)values were obtained from a systematic search of studies published in 4 sport and exercise databases(PubMed,embase,SPORTDiscus(eBSCOhost),and Scopus)and a review of articles included in the 2011 Adult Compendium that measured PA in older *** values were computed as the oxygen cost(VO_(2),mL/kg/min)during PA divided by 2.7 m L/kg/min(MeT_(60+))to account for the lower resting metabolic rate in older ***:We identified 68 articles and extracted energy expenditure data on 427 *** these,we derived 99 unique Specific Activity codes with corresponding MeT_(60+)values for older *** developed a website to present the OA Compendium MeT_(60+)values:https://***:The OA Compendium uses data collected from adults>60 years for more accurate estimation of the energy cost of PAs in older *** is an accessible resource that will allow researchers,educators,and practitioners to find MeT_(60+)values for older adults for use in PA research and practice.

关键词： energy expenditure exercise MeT Older adults

exploring the effects of coronary artery disease as a preexisting comorbidity on mortality in hospitalized septic patients:a retrospective observation study

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emergency and Critical Care Medicine 2024年第2期4卷 47-51页

作者： Anmol Multani Greg Stahl Kerry Johnson scott Goade Robert D.Arnce College of Osteopathic Medicine Kansas City UniversityJoplinMOUSA Department of Data Improvement Freeman Health SystemJoplinMOUSA Department of Mathematics Missouri Southern State UniversityJoplinMOUSA Department of Pharmacy Freeman Health SystemJoplinMOUSA

Background:Sepsis has high prevalence and mortality rate,and it is imperative to identify populations at risk of poor sepsis *** patients with preexisting chronic comorbidities are shown to have worse sepsis *** identifying comorbidities with greater influence on sepsis progression,we can direct limited resources to septic patients with comorbidities and reduce health care *** comorbidities can impact the risk of developing sepsis and having worse *** artery disease(CAD)is a common comorbidity,especially in the elderly,and a leading cause of death *** wished to investigate the influence of CAD as a comorbidity on sepsis and hypothesized that preexisting CAD would increase mortality in hospitalized septic ***:We conducted retrospective observational study using patient data from Freeman Health System in Joplin,*** analyzed patient records from Freeman Health System database from January 1,2019,to June 30,*** patients were identified using the International Classification of Diseases,Tenth Revision sepsis *** identify septic patients with preexisting CAD,we used International Classification of Diseases,Tenth Revision codes for *** compared mortality rates for septic patients with and without ***:Two-sample proportion test was conducted to test the difference in mortality between septic patients with and without preexisting *** difference in mortality for the total population was−0.016(P=0.553).In the male and female subgroups,the differences in mortality were 0.0122(P=0.739)and−0.0511(P=0.208),*** differences in mortality in patients aged 40 to 64 years and 65 years and older were−0.0077(P=0.870)and 0.0007(P=0.983),*** statistical tests failed to find significant differences when comparing septic patients with and without preexisting *** was no significant difference in the age and sex ***:Our study showed that CAD alone was n

关键词： Comorbidity Coronary artery disease Inflammation Mortality rate in sepsis prognosis Sepsis

Digital Art as Urban Communication

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国际大都市发展研究（中英文） 2024年第1期 86-89,76,77页

作者： scott McQuire School of Culture and Communication University of MelbourneVIC 3010Australia

As mobility and migration become the norm,citizens in modern cities live among people who remain strangers to each *** creates new opportunities and challenges for urban social *** space is a critical forum in which strangers encounter each other and have the opportunity to develop social protocols for coexisting in *** media technologies have huge impact on the form and quality of public *** art can create experimental public spaces in which mediated connections and embodied presence are combined in new *** the practice and research of digital art,we can imagine a communicative city in which urban digital media is less about spectacle,and more about promoting new forms of public speech and social encounter between people.

关键词： Urban communication Digital art Public space Geomedia

Development of a Proof-of-Concept Multi-Method Computer Simulation to Support Rural Healthcare Disaster Preparedness Planning

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International Journal of Disaster Risk Science 2024年第3期15卷 346-358页

作者： Thomas A.Berg Kristina W.Kintziger Julie Suzuki Crumly scott A.Lawson Carole R.Myers Tracey T.Stansberry College of Nursing University of Tennessee Knoxville Department of environmental Agricultural and Occupational Health University of Nebraska Medical Center Public Health and Healthcare Oak Ridge Associated Universities

Due to a lack of resources, rural communities often face challenges when planning catastrophic events. This project involved applying systems thinking and model-based systems engineering to develop a proof-of-concept, multi-method computer simulation and then determining whether the simulation could be used to assess the efficacy of disaster planning approaches on health outcomes in rural communities, as a function of primary healthcare. The project focus was a rural or non-urban healthcare system experiencing a natural hazard. Both system dynamics and discrete event models were incorporated to represent subsystem operations, crucial disaster responses, as well as three key response systems: public health, emergency management, and healthcare. The subsystem models included several components: policies/procedures, communications,resources, exercises/drills/training, healthcare space and staff, and the flow of affected people into and through the *** combined simulation can serve as a first step to a more comprehensive approach to helping rural communities achieve more efficient and effective healthcare planning for disaster responses.

关键词： Computer simulation Disaster preparedness Model-based systems engineering Rural healthcare System dynamics model Systems thinking