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Biochar incre.se. soil microbial biomass with change. in e.tra-and intrace.lular e.zyme.activitie.:a global me.a-analysis

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Biochar 2020年第1期2卷 65-79页

作者： Pre. Pokhare. Zilong Ma scott X.Chang De.artme.t of Re.e.able.Re.ource. University of Alberta442 Earth Sciences BuildingEdmonton T6G 2E3Canada

Biochar application to soil has be.n propose. as a pote.tial manage.e.t strate.y to e.hance.soil carbon(C)se.ue.tration,re.uce.gre.nhouse.gas e.ission,improve.soil quality,and incre.se.crop *** e.fe.ts of biochar on soil microbial and e.zyme.activitie. are.inte.rally linke. to the.pote.tial of biochar in achie.ing the.e.*** conducte. a global me.a-analysis to asse.s the.e.fe.ts of biochar on soil microbial biomass C and nitroge.(N)and the.activitie. of 12 e.zyme.,and ide.tify ke. factors affe.ting those.soil microbial prope.tie. using 964 data points from 72 *** found that biochar e.fe.ts on e.zyme.activitie. vary wide.y with soil type.biochar prope.ty and the.type.of e.zyme.*** significantly incre.se. microbial biomass C(MBC)and ure.se.alkaline.phosphatase.and de.ydroge.ase.activitie. by 21.7%,23.1%,25.4%and 19.8%,re.pe.tive.y,with no significant ne.ative.e.fe.ts on any of the.e.zyme. analyze. in this *** application was more.e.fe.tive.in incre.sing MBC and e.zyme.activitie. in soils with low pH(e.te.ture.including clay,clay loam and silt clay).Biochars produce. at pyrolysis te.pe.ature.of 350-550℃ with a high pH(>10)and low C/N ratio(e.se. MBC and ure.se.and de.ydroge.ase.*** incre.se. MBC and N-acquisition e.zyme.activitie. in the.fie.d but not in lab incubation *** was incre.se. in short-te.m studie.(within 100 days of biochar application)while.alkaline.phosphatase.was incre.se. in long-te.m studie. that span more.than 1 *** incre.se.in MBC and activitie. of some.soil e.zyme. in re.ponse.to biochar application with no ne.ative.e.fe.ts on any hydrolytic and oxidative.e.zyme. illustrate.its pote.tial to e.hance.soil quality particularly in the.de.rade. soils with low nutrie.t availability and fe.tility due.to limite. soil microbial and e.zymatic *** study also shows that biochars can be.de.igne. to achie.e.spe.if

关键词： e.aphic factor Nutrie.t mine.alization Pyrolysis Soil he.lth Soil manage.e.t

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De.igning waste.rock barrie.s by advance. nume.ical mode.ling

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Journal of Rock Me.hanics and Ge.te.hnical e.gine.ring 2019年第3期11卷 659-675页

作者： Klaus Thoe.i Martin Se.vin scott W.Sloan Anna Giacomini Ce.tre.for Ge.te.hnical Scie.ce.and e.gine.ring The University of NewcastleCallaghanNSW 2308Australia UMIT Re.e.rch Lab Umea niversityUmeaSE-90187Sweden

De.ign of waste.rock barrie.s forming safe.y be.ms for haul trucks re.uire. knowle.ge.of comple. inte.actions which cannot re.dily be.te.te. by physical *** advance. nume.ical mode. base. on non-smooth multi-domain me.hanics is pre.e.te. toge.he. with mode. calibration using limite. fullscale.e.pe.ime.tal *** rock is re.re.e.te. by sphe.ical particle. with rolling re.istance.and an ultra-class haul truck is re.re.e.te. by a rigid multibody syste. inte.conne.te. with me.hanical *** mode. compone.ts are.first calibrate. and the. the.calibrate. mode. is use. for simulating various collision sce.arios with diffe.e.t approach conditions and safe.y be.m *** pre.ictions indicate.that the.width of the.be.m is most critical for e.ficie.tly stopping a runaway *** mode. can also pre.ict if a ce.tain be.m ge.me.ry is capable.of stopping a runaway *** are.summarise. in a se.ie. of diagrams inte.de. for use.as de.ign guide.ine. by practitione.s and e.gine.rs.

关键词： Discre.e.e.e.e.t me.hod(De.) Multibody dynamics(MBD) Non-smooth multi-domain dynamics Granular mate.ials Ultra-class haul truck Safe.y be.m Surface.mining

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Compute. Imaging : Digital Image.Analysis and Proce.sing 1

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2005年

作者： Umbaugh, scott e

ISBN: (数字)9781315275741

ISBN: (纸本)9780849329197

Compute. Imaging: Digital Image.Analysis and Proce.sing brings toge.he. analysis and proce.sing in a unifie. frame.ork, providing a valuable.foundation for unde.standing both compute. vision and image.proce.sing applications. Taking an e.gine.ring approach, the.te.t inte.rate. the.ry with a conce.tual and application-orie.te. style. allowing you to imme.iate.y unde.stand how e.ch topic fits into the.ove.all structure.of practical application de.e.opme.t. Divide. into five.major parts, the.book be.ins by introducing the.conce.ts and de.initions ne.e.sary to unde.stand compute. imaging. The.se.ond part de.cribe. image.analysis and provide. the.tools, conce.ts, and mode.s re.uire. to analyze.digital image. and de.e.op compute. vision applications. Part III discusse. application are.s for the.proce.sing of image., e.phasizing human visual pe.ce.tion. Part IV de.ive.s the.information re.uire. to apply a CVIPtools e.vironme.t to algorithm de.e.opme.t. The.te.t conclude. with appe.dice. that provide.supple.e.tal imaging information and assist with the.programming e.e.cise. found in e.ch chapte.. The.author pre.e.ts topics as ne.de. for unde.standing e.ch practical imaging mode. be.ng studie.. This motivate. the.re.de. to maste. the.topics and also make. the.book use.ul as a re.e.e.ce. The.CVIPtools software.inte.rate. throughout the.book, now in a ne. Windows ve.sion, provide. practical e.ample. and e.courage. you to conduct additional e.ploration via tutorials and programming e.e.cise. provide. with e.ch chapte..

关键词： Image.proce.sing

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Soil carbon availability affe.ts nitroge. transformation unde. irrigate. luce.ne

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Pe.osphe.e 2021年第6期31卷 977-980页

作者： Adriano S.NASCe.Te.Jonathan NUNe. scott L.GRAHAM Gabrie. *** John e.HUNT Grae.e.N.D.ROGe.S David WHITe.e.D Manaaki Whe.ua-Landcare.Re.e.rch P.O.Box 69040Lincoln 7640(New Zealand) e.brapa Arroz e.Fe.jao Highway GO-462Km 12P.O.Box 179Santo Antonio de Goias 75375-000(Brazil) Wage.inge. Unive.sity&Re.e.rch Department of Environmental SciencesP.O.Box 47Wageningen 6700AA(The Netherlands)

De.r e.itor,Approximate.y 55% of the.agricultural land in Ne. Ze.land is graze. grassland to support the.e.panding dairy and me.t *** manage.e.t practice. such as irrigation,nitroge.(N)fe.tilise. application,and of fo... 详细信息

关键词： grassland e.panding transformation

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The.importance.of pre.and postcopulatory se.ual se.e.tion promoting adaptation to incre.sing te.pe.ature.

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Curre.t Zoology 2021年第3期67卷 321-327页

作者： Migue. Gome.-Llano e.e.scott e.ik I.Sve.sson De.artme.t of Biological Scie.ce. University of ArkansasFayettevilleAR72701USA Faculty of Biology Medicine and HealthThe University of ManchesterOxford RoadManchesterM139PLUK De.artme.t of Animal and Plant Scie.ce. The University of SheffieldSheffieldS102TNUK Biology De.artme.t Lund UniversityEvolutionary Ecology UnitLund22362Sweden

Global te.pe.ature. are.incre.sing rapidly affe.ting spe.ie. *** if and how diffe.e.t spe.ie. can adapt fast e.ough to ke.p up with incre.sing te.pe.ature. is of vital *** me.hanism that can acce.e.ate.adaptation and promote.e.olutionary re.cue.is se.ual *** diffe.e.t me.hanisms by which se.ual se.e.tion can facilitate.adaptation are.pre.and postcopulatory se.ual ***,the.re.ative.e.fe.ts of the.e.diffe.e.t forms of se.ual se.e.tion in promoting adaptation are.***,we.pre.e.t the.re.ults from an e.pe.ime.tal study in which we.e.pose. fruit flie. Drosophila me.anogaste. to e.the. no mate.choice.or 1 of 2 diffe.e.t se.ual se.e.tion re.ime.(pre.and postcopulatory se.ual se.e.tion)for 6 ge.e.ations,unde. diffe.e.t the.mal *** showe. e.ide.ce.of the.mal adaptation unde. pre.o-pulatory se.ual se.e.tion,but this e.fe.t was not de.e.te. in the.postcopulatory se.ual se.e.tion and the.no choice.mating *** furthe. de.onstrate.that se.ual dimorphism de.re.se. whe. flie. e.olve. unde. incre.sing te.pe.ature.,consiste.t with re.e.t the.ry pre.icting more.se.ually concordant se.e.tion unde. e.vironme.tal *** re.ults sugge.t an important role.for pre.opulatory se.ual se.e.tion in promoting the.mal adaptation and e.olutionary re.cue.

关键词： e.olutionary re.cue local adaptation climate.change Drosophila se.ual se.e.tion

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Studie. on re.ve.atrol and its me.hylate. analogue.

Studies on resveratrol and its methylated analogues

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The.3～(rd) Inte.national Confe.e.ce.on Natural Products :Natural Products -a Must for Human Survival ABSTRACTS

作者： Agne. M. Rimando Re.ata Mikstacka Franck e. Dayan scott R. Bae.son Natural Products Utilization Re.e.rch Unit U.S.De.artme.t of Agriculture Agricultural Re.e.rch Se.vice P.O.Box 8048 Unive.sity MS 38677 De.artme.t of Pharmace.tical Bioche.istry Unive.sity of Me.ical Scie.ce. Grunwalzka 6 60-780 Poznan Poland Natural Products Utilization Re.e.rch Unit U.S.De.artme.t of Agriculture Agricultural Re.e.rch Se.vice P.O.Box 8048 Unive.sity MS 38677 Natural Products Utilization Re.e.rch Unit U.S.De.artme.t of Agriculture Agricultural Re.e.rch Se.vice P.O.Box 8048 Unive.sity MS 38677

Re.ve.atrol (1) is an antioxidant found in grape., wine.and pe.nuts. It also has hypolipide.ic and cance. che.opre.e.tive.prope.tie.. One.of its naturally occurring me.hylate. analogue., pte.ostilbe.e.(2), was found to have.similar antioxidant and cance. che.opre.e.tive.activitie.. Spe.ific cytochrome.P450 (CYP)-de.e.de.t e.zyme. are.conside.e. to be.pote.tial targe.s for cance. che.opre.e.tion strate.y. Compound 1 inhibits, in vitro, the.catalytic activity of se.e.al CYP isozyme. including CYP 1A2 and CYP 2e., the.isoforms re.ponsible.for carcinoge. activation. The.inhibitory e.fe.t of 2 against the.e.two CYP isoforms was inve.tigate. in mouse.live. microsome., toge.he. with thre. othe. me.hylate. re.ve.atrol analogue. name.y: re.ve.atrol trime.hyl e.he. (3), 3,5-dihydroxy-4'-me.hoxystilbe.e.(4), and 3,4'-dihydroxy-5-me.hoxystilbe.e.(5). CYP1A2 and CYP 2e. activitie. we.e.me.sure. using the.e.zyme.biomarke.s e.hoxyre.orufin-O-de.thylase.(e.OD) and p-nitrophe.ol hydroxylase.(PNPH), re.pe.tive.y. Compounds 2 - 4 did not inhibit the.activity of PNPH. Compound 5 appe.re. to be.a mode.ate.y pote.t inhibitor of PNPH (IC50 = 72 μM, Ki = 42.6 μM) compare. to re.ve.atrol (IC50= 18.5 μM, Ki = 2.1 μM). All the.me.hylate. analogue. inhibite. e.OD. In the.range.of substrate.conce.tration from 0.05 to 0.1 μM, 2 and 3 we.e.found to be.pote.t inhibitors of e.OD (Ki= 0.39 and 0.79 μM, re.pe.tive.y). By comparison, Kj = 5.33 μM for 1. The.strong compe.itive.inhibition of e.OD de.onstrate. by 2 sugge.ts a possible.me.hanism for its cance. che.opre.e.tive.activity. In anothe. study, the.activity of 1 - 3 against some.pathoge.ic organisms was inve.tigate.. Compound 2 was inhibitory against the.human pathoge.s Candida albicans, Cryptococcus ne.formans, Staphylococcus aure.s, and me.hicillin-re.istant S. aure.s. Compound 3 also inhibite. the.e.organisms as we.l as Aspe.gillus fumigatus and Mycobacte.ium intrace.lulare. Compound 1 was ine.fe.tive.against the.e.dise.se.age.ts e.e. at the.h

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Control of Glyphosate.Re.istant Giant Ragwe.d (Ambrosia trifida L.) with Isoxaflutole.and Me.ribuzin Tankmix

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Ame.ican Journal of Plant Scie.ce. 2016年第6期7卷 916-927页

作者： scott Ditschun Nade. Soltani Darre. e. Robinson François J. Tardif Allan C. Kaastra Pe.e. H. Sikke.a De.artme.t of Plant Agriculture University of Guelph Guelph Canada Unive.sity of Gue.ph Ridge.own Campus Ridgetown Canada Baye. Crop Scie.ce.Canada Guelph Canada

Five.fie.d trials we.e.conducte. ove. a two-ye.r pe.iod (2013, 2014) to de.e.mine.the.control of glyphosate.re.istant (GR) giant ragwe.d with isoxaflutole.(IFT) and me.ribuzin (MTZ) applie. alone.and in combination. Tre.tme.ts we.e.de.igne. to asse.s the.dose.re.ponse.of an IFT plus MTZ tank-mix as we.l as e.ch che.ical applie. alone.to classify the.re.ponse.using Flint’s adaptation of Colby’s e.uation. Two factor factorial e.pe.ime.ts we.e.pe.forme. in the.growth room to asce.tain the.re.ponse.of IFT ve.sus glyphosate. IFT ve.sus MTZ, and IFT plus MTZ ve.sus glyphosate.on single.plants. Fie.d e.pe.ime.ts e.aluate. the.control of GR giant ragwe.d with IFT plus MTZ in tank-mix in a 1:4 ratio. The.rate.of IFT plus MTZ for 80% control of GR giant ragwe.d at 4 and 8 we.ks afte. application (WAA) was 518 (104 g a.i. ha-1 IFT + 414 g a.i. ha-1 MTZ) and 631 g a.i. ha-1 (126 g a.i. ha-1 IFT + 505 g a.i. ha-1 MTZ), re.pe.tive.y. A rate.of 668 and 467 g a.i. ha-1 was re.uire. to re.uce.GR giant ragwe.d de.sity and biomass by 80%, re.pe.tive.y. Fie.d e.pe.ime.ts e.aluating the.control of GR giant ragwe.d with tank-mixe. of IFT plus MTZ, whe.e.glyphosate.was a constant tank-mix partne., we.e.mostly syne.gistic. Howe.e., the.low tank-mix rate.(52.5 + 210 g a.i. ha-1) had an additive.re.ponse.for GR giant ragwe.d biomass re.uction. Whe. te.te. in the.gre.nhouse.and growth room, glyphosate.susce.tible.(GS) giant ragwe.d showe. some.antagonism with glyphosate.and isoxaflutole.tank-mixe. at rate. le.s than comme.cial fie.d rate.. GR giant ragwe.d showe. an additive.re.ponse.across all tre.tme.ts in the.growth room. Gre.nhouse.e.pe.ime.ts e.aluating IFT ve.sus MTZ and IFT plus MTZ ve.sus glyphosate.re.e.le. all tank-mix tre.tme.ts to be.syne.gistic at 2 WAA.

关键词： Additive Antagonistic Giant Ragwe.d Glyphosate He.bicide.Re.istance Soybe.n Syne.gistic Yie.d

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Partition of Fore.ast e.ror into Positional and Structural Compone.ts

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Advance. in Atmosphe.ic Scie.ce. 2021年第6期38卷 1012-1019页

作者： Isidora JANKOV scott GRe.ORY Sai RAVe.A Zoltan TOTH Malaquías Pe.A Global Syste.s Laboratory NOAA/OARBoulderCO 80305USA Ge.e.al Atomics Electromagnetic Systems GroupLongmontCO 80501USA e.rth Signals and Syste.s Group EarthAtmospheric and Planetary SciencesMassachusetts Institute of TechnologyCambridgeMA 02139USA De.artme.t of Civil and e.vironme.tal e.gine.ring Unive.sity of Conne.ticut StorrsCT 06269USA

We.the. manife.ts in spatiote.porally cohe.e.t *** fore.asts he.ce.are.affe.te. by both positional and structural or amplitude.*** has be.n long re.ognize. by practicing fore.aste.s(cf.,e.g.,Tropical Cyclone.track and inte.sity e.rors).De.pite.the.e.e.ge.ce.in re.e.t de.ade. of various obje.tive.me.hods for the.diagnosis of positional fore.ast e.rors,most routine.ve.ification or statistical post-proce.sing me.hods implicitly assume.that fore.asts have.no positional *** Fore.ast e.ror De.omposition(Fe.)me.hod propose. in this study use. the.Fie.d Alignme.t te.hnique.which aligns a gridde. fore.ast with its ve.ifying analysis *** total e.ror is the. partitione. into thre. orthogonal compone.ts:(a)large.scale.positional,(b)large.scale.structural,and(c)small scale.e.ror *** use.of Fe. is de.onstrate. ove. a month-long MSLP data *** e.pe.te.,positional e.rors are.ofte. characte.ize. by dipole.patte.ns re.ate. to the.displace.e.t of fe.ture.,while.structural e.rors appe.r with single.e.tre.a,indicative.of magnitude.*** most important re.ult of this study is that ove. the.te.t pe.iod,more.than 50%of the.total me.n se. le.e. pre.sure.fore.ast e.ror variance.is associate. with large.scale.positional *** importance.of positional e.ror in fore.asts of othe. variable. and ove. diffe.e.t time.pe.iods re.ain to be.e.plore..

关键词： fore.ast e.ror orthogonal de.omposition positional structural

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Advance. in soil e.osion re.e.rch:Me.hanisms,mode.ing and applications-A spe.ial issue.in honor of *** Ne.ring

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Inte.national Soil and Wate. Conse.vation Re.e.rch 2023年第4期11卷 589-591页

作者： Viktor Polyakov Claire.Baffaut Vito Fe.ro scott Van Pe.t Southwe.t Wate.she. Re.e.rch Ce.te. USDA-ARS2000 E Allen RdTucsonAZ85718USA Cropping Syste.s and Wate. Quality Re.e.rch Unit USDA-ARS241 Ag Engineering BuildingUniversity of MissouriColumbiaMO65211USA De.artme.t of Agricultural Food and Forest SciencesUniversity of PalermoViale Delle ScienzeBuilding 490128PalermoItaly Cropping Syste.s Re.e.rch Laboratory USDA-ARS38104th StLubbockTX79401USA

*** Long-te.m sustainability of soils is one.of the.critical challe.ge. facing *** e.osion is an intrinsic ge.morphological pro-ce.s,which if acce.e.ate. can thre.te. natural e.osyste.s and agri-culture.through loss of productivity,se.ime.tation,and associate. *** e.forts to mitigate.the.e.proble.s re.uire.change. in manage.e.t practice. and large.*** puts spe.ial e.phasis on unde.standing physical proce.se. driving soil e.osion,de.e.oping te.hnique. for accurate.e.timation of e.osion rate. and its on-site.and off-site.impacts,as we.l as de.e.-oping ne. mode.ing,pre.iction,and manage.e.t tools.

关键词： soil e.osion driving

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A Simple.Approach Asse.sing the.Ve.e.able.Conte.t of Asian Take.ut Me.ls with Nutrition e.ucation Pote.tial

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Food and Nutrition Scie.ce. 2012年第3期3卷 296-301页

作者： Christina M. Pollard De.orah A. Ke.r e.izabe.h e.wards Kathe.ine.A. McNab Natalie.e. scott Andre. M. Be.le. Curtin Unive.sity Perth Australia.

A de.and for conve.ie.t e.ting options has le. to an incre.se.in foods e.te. away from home. and consume.s are.looking for he.lthy options whe. the. e.t out. Incre.sing ve.e.able.consumption is a ke. public he.lth nutrition prior-ity. Although Asian me.u ite.s are.conside.e. a he.lthy option, the.e.is little.information about the.r re.ative.he.lth-fulne.s. This study aims to pilot a simple.me.hod for me.suring the.ve.e.able.conte.t of popular Asian dishe. for use.in nutrition e.ucation. Thirty ve.e.able.containing take.out dishe. from thre. Asian re.taurants (Chine.e. Thai and Singapore.n) in Pe.th, We.te.n Australia we.e.photographe. and we.ghte. with, and without the.ve.e.able.. Standard 75 gram ve.e.able.se.vings pe. dish and the.ave.age.ve.e.able.conte.t be.we.n cuisine. we.e.compare.. The.me.n ve.e.able. se.vings pe. dish was 1.8 (0.25 to 5.5) with no statistical diffe.e.ce.be.we.n cuisine. (p > 0.05). The.varie.y and amount of ve.e.able. in individual dishe. varie. within e.ch cuisine. Ve.e.arian dishe. had the.highe.t ve.e.able.conte.t and noodle.and rice.dishe. the.lowe.t (0.23 - 0.75 se.vings/dish). Digital image.y cle.rly, simply and quickly displaye. the.ve.e.able.conte.t of Asian dishe.. The.Asian take.out dishe. we.e.low in ve.e.able.. Nutrition e.ucators should e.courage.Asian food busine.se. to incre.se.the.ve.e.able.conte.t of the.r me.us and advise.custome.s to choose.at le.st one.ve.e.arian dish.

关键词： Take.Away Food Ve.e.able. Me.u Ite.s

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