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Getting to the bottom of.Taxol biosynthesis by f.ngi

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f.ngal Diversity 2013年第3期60卷 161-170页

作者： Uwe Heinig Susanne scholz Stef.n Jennewein f.aunhof.r Institut f.r Molekularbiologie und AngewandteÖkologie Forckenbeckstrasse 652074 AachenGermany

t Taxol(paclitaxel)is a highly-oxygenated diterpenoid natural product f.rst isolated f.om the pacif.c yew tree(Taxus brevif.lia).It is one of.the most widely used anticancer *** af.er the discovery of.its unique mode of.action and the resulting high demand,an extensive search was initiated f.r alternative sources to replace the slow-growing and scarce pacif.c *** f.r,however,Taxol and related compounds have only been f.und in the genus Taxus,which comprises a small number of.slow-growing plants with a broad but generally isolated geographical *** 1993,Stierle and colleagues reported the independent biosynthesis of.Taxol in an endophytic f.ngus isolated f.om Taxus brevif.lia,which resulted in more than 160 subsequent publications and patents addressing the biosynthesis of.Taxol and related taxanes by *** literature on f.ngal taxane synthesis contains numerous inconsistencies,prompting us to thoroughly re-examine Taxol biosynthesis in endophytic f.ngi associated with Taxus *** a combination of.phytochemistry,molecular biology and genome sequencing,we were unable to f.nd any evidence f.r independent taxane biosynthesis in any of.the endophytes,including the isolate described in the original publication(Taxomyces andreanae)and several more recent isolates f.om Taxus *** f.ndings theref.re resolve a long-standing mystery concerning the evolution of.a complex terpenoid biosynthetic pathway in two distantly-related organisms.

关键词： Taxol biosynthesis Endophytic f.ngi Taxanes Terpene biosynthesis Taxomyces andreanae

Acupuncture Ef.ects on Heart f.ilure: How to Create Objective Study Designs

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Journal of.Acupuncture and Tuina Science 2008年第5期6卷 307-308页

作者： HJ Greten A Kick E scholz J f.scher T Greten f.Brazkiewicz f.Schroder S Sertel Wendt M Goncalves O Karrer A Remppis German Society of.Traditional Chinese Medicine Heidelberg Germany Porto University ICBAS Portugal Dept. of.Endocrinology and Metabolism University of Heidelberg Germany Dept. of.Cardiology University of Heidelberg Germany Dept. of Otorhinolaryngology Head & Neck Surgery University of.Heidelberg Germany

According to a modem understanding of.acupuncture mechanisms, acupuncture may elicit vegetative ref.exes, presumably inf.uencing the systemwide vegetative dysregulation associated with the heart f.ilure syndrome, a f.ature of.which is low perf.rmance in the 6 min walk test. The author perf.rmed a preliminary prospective, randomized, single-blinded clinical trial （n=21） in a cross-over design comparing acupuncture treatment, which was either compatible with individual Chinese diagnosis according to the Heidelberg Model of.TCM （i-ACU） or a standardized treatment on acupoints with no specif.c relation to TCM diagnosis （u-ACU）. The repeated measures analysis revealed a signif.cant ef.ect f.r i-ACU vs. u-ACU （f.=7.2, df.1.37, P=-0.011）. The study revealed f.rst evidence that acupuncture may prolong 6 min walk distance as a key parameter of.heart f.ilure.

关键词： Acupuncture Therapy Heart f.ilure Randomized Controlled Trial Humans

Raman Spectroscopic Study of.Silicon Nanopowders

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Journal of.Materials Science & Technology 1997年第4期13卷 327-332页

作者： S.M.scholz J.Dutta and H.Hof.ann(Lab. de Technologie des Poudres, Departement de Materiaux, Ecole Polytechnique f.derale de Lausanne,1015 Lausanne, Switzerland)H.Hof.eister (Max-Planck-Institut f.r Mikrostrukturphysik, Weinberg 2, D-06120 Halle, Germany) Lab. de Téchnologie Des Poudres Département de Matériaux Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne 1015 Lausanne Switzerland Max-Planck-Institut f.r Mikrostrukturphysik Weinberg 2 D-06120 Halle Germany

Vibrational properties of.silicon nanopowders are discussed with ref.rence to Raman spectroscopic measurements. The powders were produced in a low pressure rf.plasma f.om the cluster induced agglomeration of.positive ions f.rmed during the dissociation of.silane. Inf.uence of.thermal treatment and the crystallization phenomena of.the powder were studied. Raman spectroscopic measurements reveal size quantization ef.ects f.r the particles as well as the existence of.partially ordered regions in the apparently amorphous primary particles. The crystalline and amorphous volume f.action in the material were calculated f.om the relative spectraI intensities. The results obtained in these experiments are consistent with the observations f.om recent high resolution transmission electron microscopy studies of.these powders

关键词： HRTEM cm nm Raman Spectroscopic Study of.Silicon Nanopowders

Magnetite-Hematite Transf.rmation: Correlation Between Natural and Sintetic f.atures

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矿物学报 2013年第S1期33卷 72-72页

作者： Paola f.Barbosa Leonardo Lagoeiro Ricardo scholz Leonardo M.Graa f.deral University of.Minas Gerais Microscopy CenterAv.Ant nio Carlos 6627Belo HorizonteMGBrazil f.deral University of.Ouro Preto Dept.of GeologyCampus Morro do CruzeiroBauxita Ouro PretoMGBrazil

The iron-oxide system can be used as a marker of.oxidized and reduced conditions in closed systems. However, natural rocks with iron-oxide minerals also exhibit such reactions, although the natural system is typically open. To understand the behaviour of.this natural system, they were investigated the similarities, in terms of.crystallographic textures, between the microstructures of.two systems: natural open system and synthetic closed system of.iron-oxide phase transf.rmation.

关键词： magnetite hematite phase transf.rmation EBSD

The GYf.domain protein CD2BP2 is critical f.r embryogenesis and podocyte f.nction

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分子细胞生物学报:英文版 2015年第5期7卷 402-414页

作者： Gesa I.Albert Christoph Schell Karin M.Kirschner Sebastian Schaf.r Ronald Naumann Alexandra Muller Oliver Kretz Benno Kuropka Mathias Girbig Norbert Hubner Eberhard Krause Holger scholz Tobias B.Huber Klaus-Peter Knobeloch Christian f.eund Institute f.r Chemistry and Biochemistry Freie Universitat Berlin14195 BerlinGermany Leibniz-Institut f.er Molekulare Pharmakologie 13125 BerlinGermany Renal Division University Hospital Freiburg79106 FreiburgGermany Speman Graduate School f.r Medicine and Biology University of Freiburg79106 FreiburgGermany f.culty of.Biology University Freiburg79106 FreiburgGermany Institute f.er Vegetative Physiologie Charité-Universitatsmedizin Berlin10117 BerlinGermany Experimental Genetics and Cardiovascular Diseases MDC13125 BerlinGermany Transgenic Core f.cility Max-Planck-Institute of Molecular Cell Biology and GeneticsDresdenGermany Institute of.Neuropathology University of Freiburg79106 FreiburgGermany Institute of.Cell Biology&Anatomy University of Freiburg79106 FreiburgGermany BIOSS Centre f.r Biological Signaling Studies Albert-Ludwigs-University79106 FreiburgGermany

Scaf.olding proteins play pivotal roles in the assembly of.macromolecular machines such as the *** adaptor protein CD2BP2,originally identif.ed as a binding partner of.the adhesion molecule CD2,is a pre-spliceosomal assembly f.ctor that utilizes its glycine-tyrosine-phenylalanine(GYf.domain to co-localize with spliceosomal *** f.r,its f.nction in vertebrates is *** conditional gene targeting in mice,we show that CD2BP2 is crucial f.r embryogenesis,leading to growth retardation,def.cts in vascularization,and premature death at embryonic day 10.5 when *** of.the protein in bone marrow-derived macrophages indicates that CD2BP2 is involved in the alternative splicing of.mRNA transcripts f.om diverse *** the molecular level,we identif.ed the phosphatase PP1 to be recruited to the spliceosome via the N-terminus of.*** the strong expression of.CD2BP2 in podocytes of.the kidney,we use selective depletion of.CD2BP2,in combination with next-generation sequencing,to monitor changes in exon usage of.genes critical f.r podocyte f.nctions,including VEGf.and actin ***2BP2-depleted podocytes display f.ot process ef.acement,and cause proteinuria and ultimately lethal kidney f.ilure in ***,our study def.nes CD2BP2 as a non-redundant splicing f.ctor essential f.r embryonic development and podocyte integrity.

关键词： GYf.domain CD2BP2 alternative splicing PP1 podocytes VEGf

长期用噻芬太尼,咪哒唑伦和可乐定镇静所致的呼吸抑制并无临床意义

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德国医学 2001年第5期18卷 266-268页

作者： A.Prause f.Wappler J.scholz H.Bause J.Schulteam Esch 赵丽敏 Intensivemedizin Allgemeines Krankenhaus Altona Paul - Ehrlich - Strasse 1 Postfach 50 01 2122701 Hamburg Germany 华中科技大学同济医学院附属同济医院

对象和方法在Eppendort大学医院麻醉科ICU病房的952例患者中选取395例做这项调查.这些患者在18个月都作了不同的外科手术.人选患者的标准:①机械通气;②在ICU病房达48h以上;③连续给予噻芬太尼和/或咪哒唑伦和/或可乐定镇静治疗.不符合... 详细信息

对象和方法在Eppendort大学医院麻醉科ICU病房的952例患者中选取395例做这项调查.这些患者在18个月都作了不同的外科手术.人选患者的标准:①机械通气;②在ICU病房达48h以上;③连续给予噻芬太尼和/或咪哒唑伦和/或可乐定镇静治疗.不符合上述标准的患者及有心脏手术的患者都被剔除.镇静药是在内科医生精心、谨慎的监护下给予的,其药量是达到Ramsay评分2～4分之间.为了镇静和镇痛,采用三个层次的治疗方案.开始连续给予噻芬太尼1μg@kg-1@h-1(第一组),此后根据患者需要调整用量,再持续加用咪哒唑伦(第二组),开始剂量为50μg@kg-1@h-1.若噻芬太尼和咪哒唑伦联合作用仍未达到有效的预期镇静效果,可加用可乐定,开始剂量1μg@kg-1@h-1(第三组).可乐定也可用于长期机械通气患者的通气间期治疗.上述治疗方案已在其它杂志上详述.

关键词：呼吸抑制噻芬太尼咪哒唑伦可乐定镇静

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多焦视诱发电位地形图(英文)

眼视光学杂志 2002年第4期4卷 193-197页

作者： R.Gockeln S.Riegert f.Sistani P.scholz S.Lindemann A.Schroder R.Winter Hannover医学院眼科系德国 Hannover医学院视觉科学实验室 HSK眼科系德国威斯巴登

目的 :阐明多焦视诱发电位成分是如何从多通道双极记录中得出和进行地形学分析的。并研究不同的视皮层记录位置对多焦视诱发电位的波形、潜伏期 (ms)和振幅(mV)的影响。方法 :采用多通道罗兰电生理系统 (Retiscan ,Wiesbaden/Brandenbur... 详细信息

目的 :阐明多焦视诱发电位成分是如何从多通道双极记录中得出和进行地形学分析的。并研究不同的视皮层记录位置对多焦视诱发电位的波形、潜伏期 (ms)和振幅(mV)的影响。方法 :采用多通道罗兰电生理系统 (Retiscan ,Wiesbaden/Brandenburg ,Germany)分别测量 5 0位正常人双眼不同视野的多焦视诱发电位 (visualevokedpotential,VEP) (最大的离心率为 30°)。两眼分别给予刺激。伪随机改变的刺激由多通道罗兰系统产生。刺激图形由 6 0个刺激扇形组成 ,每个扇形又含 16个方格 ,8个白色方格 (>130cd/m2 )和8个黑色方格 (<2cd/m2 )。各个刺激单元的刺激翻转由一个伪随机序列控制。电极放置参照双极枕叶电极放置法 ,同时从 4个前 -后矢状中线及 4个水平连线 (横贯枕叶视皮层 )上的皮肤电极上记录视觉诱发电位波形。上述电极可以是正极或负极。结果 :在记录的枕叶皮层区 ,不同记录通道所记录的VEP显示了不同的平均峰潜伏期和振幅值。在矢状中线上记录到的mVEP ,其最大振幅值小于水平线上的记录值。另外 ,刺激视网膜不同部位所诱发的电位在头皮的位置是不同的。结论 :双极枕叶电极在矢状中线上记录到的mVEP与视野地形图记录的有良好的相关性。双极记录位置 :负极在枕骨粗隆 ,而正极在枕骨粗隆矢状轴上 2cm或 4cm?

关键词：多焦视诱发电位地形图 mVEf 视野视野检查法多通道罗兰电生理系统