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Specialized or opportunistic how does the high mountain endemic butterfly Erebia nivalis survive in its extreme habitats？

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Insect Science 2018年第1期25卷 161-171页

作者： Stefan Ehl Vivian Dalstein Fabienne Tull Patrick Gros thomas schmitt Biogeography Trier University Trier Germany Haus der Natur Salzburg Department Entomology Salzburg Austria Senckenberg German Entomological Institute Department Taxonomy and Biogeography Muncheberg Germany Entomology Department of Zoology Institute of Biology Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg Halle (Saale) Germany

High mountain ecosystems are a challenge for the survival of animal and plant species, which have to evolve specific adaptations to cope with the prevailing extreme conditions. The strategies to survive may reach from opportunistic to highly adapted traits. One species successfully surviving under these conditions is the here studied butterfly Erebia nivalis. In a mark-release-recapture study performed in the Hohe Tauern National Park （Austria） from 22 July to 26 August 2013, we marked 1386 individuals and recaptured 342 of these. For each capture event, we recorded the exact point of capture and various other traits （wing conditions, behavior, nectar sources）. The population showed a partial protandrous demography with the minority of males emerging prior to the females, but the majority being synchronized with them. Males and females differed significantly in their behavior with males being more flight active and females nectaring and resting more. Both sexes showed preferences for the same plant species as nectar sources, but this specialization apparently is the result of a rapid individual adaptation to the locally available flowers. Estimates of the realized dispersal distances predicted a comparatively high amount of long-distance flights, especially for females. Therefore, the adaptation of Erebia nivalis to the unpredictable high mountain conditions might be a mixture of opportunism and specialized traits.

关键词： alpine butterflies movement patterns nectar sources opportunistic behavior partial protandry population demography

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Sexual dimorphism in the alpine butterflies Boloria pales and Boloria napaea:differences in movement and foraging behavior (Lepidoptera:Nymphalidae)

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Insect Science 2018年第6期25卷 1089-1101页

作者： Stefan Ehl Katharina Hostert Jana Korsch Patrick Gros thomas schmitt Department of Biogeography University of TrierTrierGermany Haus der Natur Salzburg Work group EntomologySalzburgAustria Senckenberg German Entomological Institute MünchebergGermany Entomology Department of ZoologyInstitute of Biology Martin Luther University Halle-WittenbergHalle (Saale)Germany

Sexual dimorphism is a widespread phenomenon in *** is reflected in differences in life history,behavior and *** of differences in behavior are mostly difficult and time-consuming,especially in high mountain *** enhance our knowledge on sexual dimorphisms of alpine butterflies,we performed a mark-release-recapture study on 2 species common in the Alps:Boloriapales and Boloria *** analysed movement and foraging behavior to investigate differences between *** sexes were mostly sedentary and the movement distances of males and females ***,obvious differences in dispersal behavior between the sexes were found in the movement *** different patterns were *** males showed intensive flight activity,but mostly flew only in a limited part of the entire habitat (i.e.,their individual home range)searching for females,whereas females were less flight active and flew only to find places for oviposition or *** third pattern,where individuals flew larger distances,was only observed in a small number of males,which always returned to their home *** all feeding was observed on ***,males preferred the genera Leontodon and Crepis,while females preferred Leontodon and *** from this sexual difference in foraging,individuals of both sexes were found to be more or less specialised on nectar *** activity was generally greater in males than ***,we think that sex-specific requirements in nectar ingredients exist,that is,sugar for the intensive flight activity of males and amino acids for egg production of females.

关键词： foraging behavior mark-release-recapture movement patterns nectar source specialization sexual dimorphism

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Diapause affects cuticular hydrocarbon composition and mating behavior of both sexes in Drosophila montana

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Insect Science 2020年第2期27卷 304-316页

作者： Outi Ala-Honkola Hannele Kauranen Venera Tyukmaeva Fabian A.Boetzl Anneli Hoikkala thomas schmitt Department of Biological and Environmental Science University of JyvaskylaJyvaskylaFinland Department of Animal Ecology and Tropical Biology BiocenterUniversity of WurzburgWurzburgGermany

Envipnmental cues,mainly photoperiod and temperature,are known to control female adult reproductive diapause in several insect *** enhances female survival during adverse conditions and postpones progeny production to the favorable *** diapause(a reversible inability to inseminate receptive females)has been studied much less than female ***,if the males maximized their chances to fertilize females while minimizing their energy expenditure,they would be expected to be in diapause at the same time as *** investigated Drosophila montana male mating bchavior under short-day conditions that induce diapause in females and found the males to be reproductively *** also found that males reared under long-day conditions(reproducing individuals)court reproducing postdiapause fermales,but not diapausing *** diapausing fies of both sexes had more long-chain and less short-chain hydrocarbons on their cuticle than the reproducing ones,which presumably increase their survival under stressful conditions,but at the same time decrease their *** study shows that the mating behavior of females and males is well coordinated during and afier overwintering and it also gives support to the dual role of insect cuticular hydrocarbons in adaptation and mate choice.

关键词： cuticular hydrocarbon diapause Drosophila male choice male reproduction

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Clones or no clones：genetic structure of riparian Populus euphratica forests in Central Asia

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Journal of Arid Land 2018年第5期10卷 750-766页

作者： Katja KRAMP thomas schmitt Petra LANG Michael JESCHKE Philipp SCHAFERI Dustin KULANEK ZHANG Ximing YU Ruide Frank M thomas Senckenberg German Entomological Institute Eberswalder StraBe 90 Muncheberg 15374 Germany Department of Zoology Faculty Natural Sciences I Institute of Biology Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg Halle (SaMe) 06099 Germany Faculty of Regional and Environmental Sciences University of Trier Campus II BehringstraBe 21 Trier 54296 Germany Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography Chinese Academy of Sciences Urumqi 830011 China Sino-German Joint Research Center for the Management of Ecosystems and Environmental Changes in Arid Lands (MEECAL) Urumqi 830011 China

Many riparian（Tugai） forests growing along rivers in arid and hyper-arid regions of Central Asia are dominated by the Euphrates poplar（Populus euphratica）. Besides generative reproduction, which is only possible upon flooding events and at a distance to the groundwater of less than 2 m, this phreatophytic tree species also reproduces vegetatively by forming clones that can cover land surface areas of several hectares. Along a gradient of groundwater distances, we investigated whether the fraction of clones in P. euphratica stands（1） increases with increasing distance to the water table;（2） is higher if supplied with water via river cut-offs; and（3） approaches 100% at a short distance to the groundwater, but at high salt concentrations in the upper soil layers, which would prevent germination and establishment of seedlings. AFLP（Amplified Fragment Length Polymorphism） analyses were conducted on leaf samples taken from mature P. euphratica trees growing at the fringes of the Taklimakan Desert in stands with different distances（2–12 m） to the groundwater at two plots at the middle and the lower reaches of the Tarim River and in a stand close to Ebinur Lake, Xinjiang, China. Genetic diversity was large among plots, but considerably smaller within plots. We found the highest genetic diversity（caused by regeneration from seeds） at plots that have a short distance to the groundwater or are supplied with additional water. There was no significant relationship between groundwater distance and clonal fraction. All investigated trees at the saline Ebinur Lake site belonged to one single clone. Our results demonstrate that the genetic pattern of this widespread species is not easily predictable even over small distances as it is a result of a complex interplay of stand history and dispersal of propagules（pollen, seeds, and vegetative diaspores） by wind and water. In conservation and restoration schemes, P. euphratica stands with a high genetic diversity and stands that grow at

关键词： clonality floodplain forest ground water phreatophyte population genetics rejuvenation salinity

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Paul Klee, 1879-1940

Paul Klee, 1879-1940

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作者： (author.)Partsch Susanna (artist..1879-1940 )Klee Paul (translator.)schmitt-thomas Hilary

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Complications and treatment of migrated biliary endoprostheses:A review of the literature

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2007年第40期13卷 5397-5399页

作者： thomas Namdar Andreas Martin Raffel Stefan Andreas Topp Lisa Namdar Ingo Alldinger Marcus schmitt Wolfram Trudo Knoefel Claus Ferdinand Eisenberger Department of General Visceral Pediatric SurgeryHeinrich-Heine UniversityDüsseldorf 40225Germany Department of Gastroenterology Hepatology InfectiologyHeinrich-Heine UniversityDüsseldorf 40225Germany

Endoscopic biliary stent insertion is a well-established procedure. It is especially successful in treating postoperative biliary leaks, and may prevent surgical intervention. A routine change of endoprostheses after 3 mo is a common practice but this can be prolonged to 6 too. We reported a colonic perforation due to biliary stent dislocation and migration to the rectosigmoid colon, and reviewed the literature.

关键词： Biliary endoprostheses Migrated biliarystent, Colonic perforation, Biliary stent complications

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灭草松制剂的液相色谱分析

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农药译丛 1993年第6期15卷 40-42页

作者： thomas M. schmitt 薛婉珠 BASF公司

灭草松(苯达松),化学名为3-(1-甲乙基)1H-2,1,3-苯并噻二嗪-4(3)-酮-2,2-二氧化物,代号CAS25057-89-0,是一些商品化除草剂的有效成份。它广泛地用于选择性防除许多作物尤其是大豆和花生中的阔叶杂草。灭草松是一种芳香族有机酸,最常用... 详细信息

灭草松(苯达松),化学名为3-(1-甲乙基)1H-2,1,3-苯并噻二嗪-4(3)-酮-2,2-二氧化物,代号CAS25057-89-0,是一些商品化除草剂的有效成份。它广泛地用于选择性防除许多作物尤其是大豆和花生中的阔叶杂草。灭草松是一种芳香族有机酸,最常用的测定方法是具有紫外检测器的反相液相色谱(LC)。用各种反相柱和常用的弱酸(pH为1～7)缓冲液作流动相能在其他除草剂存在下测定灭草松。灭草松可用固相抽提(SPE)或用酸性抽提液萃取进入醋酸乙酯的方法从水中浓缩。pH2.70的甲醇-水作流动相的反相液相色谱可用来测定氰吖嗪。

关键词：除草剂灭草松液相色谱

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超铀元素及其替代物膦酸盐的结构化学研究

超铀元素及其替代物膦酸盐的结构化学研究

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中国化学会第29届学术年会

作者：第五娟 thomas E.Albrecht-schmitt 苏州大学医学部放射医学与防护放射医学及交叉学科研究院江苏省放射医学协同创新中心 Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry Florida State University 102 Varsity Way Tallahassee Florida 32306-4390 USA

＜正＞超铀元素,尤其是钚,在核能产业和核武器研究中有着举足轻重的角色。但是,受限于钚的强放射性和化学毒性,相关的研究收到了极大的限制。针对这种情况,一类解决办法就是利用与钚化学性质相似,但放射性极弱或没有的替代元素（包括锆... 详细信息

＜正＞超铀元素,尤其是钚,在核能产业和核武器研究中有着举足轻重的角色。但是,受限于钚的强放射性和化学毒性,相关的研究收到了极大的限制。针对这种情况,一类解决办法就是利用与钚化学性质相似,但放射性极弱或没有的替代元素（包括锆,镧系元素和早期的锕系元素,如钍和铀等）来开展实验研究,预测他可能的行为。其中最核心的问题就是:这些替代物究竟能否完全模拟钚在实验中化学行为。因此,在本研究中,我们选取在核废料后处

关键词：超铀元素配位化学替代物核废料膦酸盐

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Two-Dimensional Inorganic Cationic Network of Thorium Iodate Chloride with Unique Halogen-Halogen Bonds

Two-Dimensional Inorganic Cationic Network of Thorium Iodate...

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中国化学会第七届全国结构化学学术会议

作者： Huangjie Lu Yaxing Wang Congzhi Wang Lanhua Chen Weiqun Shi Juan Diwu Zhifang Chai thomas E.Albrecht-schmitt Shuao Wang School for Radiological and interdisciplinary Sciences (RAD-X) Soochow University Collaborative Innovation Center of Radiation Medicine of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions Soochow University Laboratory of Nuclear Energy Chemistry and Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety Institute of High Energy Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry Florida State University Tallahassee

A unique 2D inorganic cationic network with the formula of[ThO(IO)(OH)]Cl was synthesized *** crystal structure can be best described as positively-charged slabs built with hexanuclear thorium clusters connected by iodate trigonal *** chloride anions are present in the interlayer spaces but surprisingly not exchangeable demonstrated by a series of CrOuptake *** is because all chloride anions are trapped by multiple strong halogen-halogen interactions with short Cl-I bond lengths ranging from 3.134 to 3.333?,forming a special Cl-centered trigonal pyramid polyhedron as a newly observed coordination mode for halogen *** functional theory(DFT)calculations clarified that electron transformed from central Cl atoms to I atoms generating a halogen-halogen interaction energy with a value of about-8.3 kcal/mol per Cl…I pairs as well as providing a total value of -57.9 kcal/mol among delocalized halogen-halogen bonds,which is a new record value reported for a single halogen *** hydrogen bond interaction is also present between Cl…OH and the interaction energy is predicted to be -8.1 kcal/mol,confirming the strong total interaction to lock the interlayer Cl *** Table of Contents Only:

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First Cationic Uranyl-Organic Framework with Anion Exchange Capabilities

First Cationic Uranyl-Organic Framework with Anion Exchange ...

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中国化学会第七届全国结构化学学术会议

作者： Zhuanling Bai Yanlong Wang Yuxiang Li Wei Liu Lanhua Chen Daopeng Sheng Juan Diwu Zhifang Chai thomas E.Albrecht-schmitt Shuao Wang School for Radiological and Interdisciplinary Sciences (RAD-X) Soochow University Collaborative Innovation Center of Radiation Medicine of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry Florida State University

By controlling the extent of hydrolysis during the self-assemble process of zwitterionic-based ligand with uranyl cations,we observed a structural evolution from a neutral uranyl organic framework[(UO)(TTTPC)(OH)O(COOH)]·1.5DMF·7HO(SCU-6)to the first cationic uranyl organic framework with the formula of[(UO)(HTTTPC)(OH)]Br·2.5DMF·4HO(SCU-7).The

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