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Numerical Optimization by Finite Element Method of Stainless Steel/Glass-Epoxy Composite Bolted Joint under Tension and Compression

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Engineering（科研） 2024年第4期16卷 102-122页

作者： Christian schmitt Arnaud Kremeur Pawel Lipinski Julien Capelle National Engineering School of Metz University of Lorraine Metz France

The aim of this study was to optimize the geometry and the design of metallic/composite single bolted joints subjected to tension-compression loading. For this purpose, it was necessary to evaluate the stress state in each component of the bolted join. The multi-material assembly was based on the principle of double lap bolted joint. It was composed of a symmetrical balanced woven glass-epoxy composite material plate fastened to two stainless sheets using a stainless pre-stressed bolt. In order to optimize the design and the geometry of the assembly, ten configurations were proposed and studied: a classical simple bolted joint, two joints with an insert (a BigHeadR insert and a stair one) embedded in the composite, two “waved” solutions, three symmetrical configurations composed of a succession of metallic and composites layers, without a sleeve, with one and with two sleeves, and two non-symmetrical constituted of metallic and composites layers associated with a stair-insert (one with a sleeve and one without). A tridimensional Finite Element Method (FEM) was used to model each configuration mentioned above. The FE models taked into account the different materials, the effects of contact between the different sheets of the assembly and the pre-stress in the bolt. The stress state was analyzed in the composite part. The concept of stress concentration factor was used in order to evaluate the stress increase in the highly stressed regions and to compare the ten configurations studied. For this purpose, three stress concentration factors were defined: one for a monotonic loading in tension, another for a monotonic loading in compression, and the third for a tension-compression cyclic loading. The results of the FEM computations showed that the use of alternative metallic and composite layers associated with two sleeves gived low values of stress concentration factors, smaller than 1.4. In this case, there was no contact between the bolt and the composite pa

关键词： Bolted Joint Glass-Epoxy Composite Clearance Hybrid Steel-Composite

Development of Framework for ACI-Powered Human Resource Recruitment Assistant

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Management Studies 2024年第3期12卷 182-187页

作者： Md Jawadur Rahman Gabriele M.Murry Stephanie schmitt-Rüth OTH Amberg-Weiden AmbergGermany

The landscape of human resource management within large enterprises necessitates efficient and unbiased recruitment practices to ensure organisational effectiveness and foster diversity(Ayoko&Fujimoto,2023).Traditional hiring processes often create biases,which cause additional challenges in achieving proper objectives(Bogen,2021).According to Workable(***),the average time to fill a job requisition is 41 days(Howden,2023).This paper proposes a framework for the development and implementation of an Artificially Capable Intelligent(ACI)-powered Human Resource(HR)Assistant for large enterprises(possibly more than 300 employees)to eliminate these unnecessary challenges caused by biases in hiring practices,therefore directly addressing fair and just participation in society and the world of *** framework integrates ACI technologies,particularly candidate identification,to revolutionise HR *** leveraging ACI algorithms,the proposed hyper-realistic assistant aims to revolutionise the recruitment *** will significantly reduce the average time to fill job ***,the ACI-powered system is designed to mitigate biases inherent in traditional hiring practices,thus fostering a fair and inclusive environment for all candidates in the shortest possible time *** paper includes the key components and working processes of the ACI-powered HR Assistant *** a comprehensive theoretical analysis,the paper investigates the system’s working process and how the framework aligns with the goal of promoting a fair and participatory environment in the world of ***,the proposed framework represents a main step towards enhancing organisational effectiveness,fostering diversity,and advancing equitable recruitment practices in the futuristic workplace.

关键词： artificial capable intelligence human resource

In memoriamWalter Joseph Bock—a life dedicated to teaching and research in the biological sciences(20 November 1933-27 January 2022)

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Integrative Zoology 2022年第6期17卷 1215-1218页

作者： Michael schmitt John BUCKERIDGE Universität Greifswald Allgemeine&Systematische ZoologieGreifswaldGermany Professor Emeritus RMIT UniversityMelbourneVictoriaAustralia

Walter Joseph Bock(Fig.1)was born in Woodhaven,Queens County,New York,NY(USA),the second of 4 children of Paul and Anne Bock,née *** grew up in a German speaking family who discontinued speaking German only at the outset of *** 1947 to 1951 he attended Brooklyn Technical High School,where there was considerable emphasis on technological *** 1951,he entered Cornell University in Ithaca,NY,graduating with a Bachelor of Science in *** Cornell,he attended a short lecture series presented by the famed ethologist Konrad Lorenz,and began an association with the ornithologist Charles *** links provided Walter with a growing appreciation of the wonders of the world of biology.

关键词： teaching Walter continued

Mitophagy:From the dark into the spotlight

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Molecular Plant 2023年第10期16卷 1487-1489页

作者： Vivian schmitt Olivier Van Aken Department of Biology Lund UniversityLundSweden

Despite the generally placid appearance of plants,many dynamicprocesses take place inside a plant *** such process thathas garnered attention in recent years is termed"autophagy."While originally discovered in yeast,our understanding of autophagy in plants has improved *** is considered a cellular recycling system in which cellular components oreven entire organelles can be encapsulated by a membranestructure(autophagosome)and then transported to the vacuole(in plants)for degradation and re-use.

关键词： attention organelle spite

Molecular dynamics simulation of the Stribeck curve: Boundary lubrication, mixed lubrication, and hydrodynamic lubrication on the atomistic level

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摩擦:英文版 2023年第12期11卷 2342-2366页

作者： Simon STEPHAN Sebastian schmitt Hans HASSE Herbert M.URBASSEK Laboratory of Engineering Thermodynamics(LTD) Department of Mechanical and Process EngieeringTU KaiserslauternRheinland-Pfalz 67663Germany Physics Department and Research Center(OPTIMAS) TU KaiserslauternRheinland-Pfalz 67663Germany

Lubricated contact processes are studied using classical molecular dynamics simulations for determining the entire range of the Stribeck ***,the lateral movement of two solid bodies at different gap height are *** each simulation,a rigid asperity is moved at constant height above a flat iron surface in a lubricating *** methane and decane are considered as *** three main lubrication regimes of the Stribeck curve and their transition regions are covered by the study:Boundary lubrication(significant elastic and plastic deformation of the substrate),mixed lubrication(adsorbed fluid layer dominates the process),and hydrodynamic lubrication(shear flow is set up between the surface and the asperity).We find the formation of a tribofilm in which lubricant molecules are immersed into the metal surface—not only in the case of scratching,but also for boundary lubrication and mixed *** formation of a tribofilm is found to have important consequences for the contact ***,the two fluids are found to show distinctly different behavior in the three lubrication regimes:For hydrodynamic lubrication(large gap height),decane yields a better tribological performance;for boundary lubrication(small gap height),decane shows a larger friction coefficient than methane,which is due to the different mechanisms observed for the formation of the tribofilm;the mixed lubrication regime can be considered as a transition regime between the two other ***,it is found that the nature of the tribofilm depends on the lubricant:While methane particles substitute substrate atoms sustaining mostly the crystalline structure,the decane molecules distort the substrate surface and an amorphous tribofilm is formed.

关键词： boundary lubrication mixed lubrication hydrodynamic lubrication molecular dynamics simulation tribofilm

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老普林尼;两千年前的远见

环球科学 2024年第5期 56-61页

作者：斯特凡纳·施米特戚译引(译) 法国国家科学研究中心(CNRS)亨利-庞加莱档案馆不详

这篇来自《科学美国人》法国版的文章再次解读了《博物志》:这是一部关于古典时代的人们如何认识和利用自然的独特档案,也是一份对自然资源耗竭的预警。公元23年,老普林尼(Pline I'Ancien)出生,公元79年,他在维苏威火山喷发中死去。但... 详细信息

这篇来自《科学美国人》法国版的文章再次解读了《博物志》:这是一部关于古典时代的人们如何认识和利用自然的独特档案,也是一份对自然资源耗竭的预警。公元23年,老普林尼(Pline I'Ancien)出生,公元79年,他在维苏威火山喷发中死去。但老普林尼不仅留下了他死亡时的壮烈故事,还留下了巨著《博物志》(Naturalis historia),其中汇集了当时关于自然事物及其用途的所有知识。

关键词：《博物志》古典时代维苏威火山普林尼《科学美国人》档案

A Review on Active Customers'Participation in Smart Grids

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Journal of Modern Power Systems and Clean Energy 2023年第1期11卷 3-16页

作者： Konrad schmitt Rabindra Bhatta Manohar Chamana Mahtab Murshed Ilham Osman Stephen Bayne Luciane Canha Electrical and Computer Engineering Department Texas Tech UniversityLubbockTX79409USA Wind Energy Program Texas Tech UniversityLubbockTX79409USA Electromechanical and Power Systems Department Federal University of Santa MariaSanta MariaRS97105-900Brazil Design Release Engineer at Electrification and Power conversion General MotorsGM Tech Center RoadWarrenMI48092USAl IEEE

Industrial,commercial,and residential facilities are progressively adopting automation and generation *** having flexible demand and renewable energy generation,traditional passive customers are becoming active participants in electric power system *** profound coordination among grid operators and active customers,the facilities’capability for demand response(DR)and distributed energy resource(DER)management will be valuable asset for ancillary services(ASs).To comply with the increasing demand and flexible energy,utilities urgently require standards,regulations,and programs to efficiently handle load-side resources without trading off stability and *** study reviews different types of customers’flexibilities for DR,highlighting their capabilities and limitations in performing local ancillary services(LASs),which should benefit the power grid by profiting from it through incentive *** financial incentives and techniques employed around the world are presented and *** potential barriers in technical and regulatory aspects are successfully identified and potential solutions along with future guidance are discussed.

关键词： Active distribution network(ADN) ancillary services energy management flexible demand resiliency

A force-compensated compliant MEMS-amplifier with electrostatic anti-springs

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微系统与纳米工程(英文) 2023年第3期9卷 235-244页

作者： Philip schmitt Martin Hoffmann Microsystems Technology Ruhr-Universität BochumUniversitätsstr.15044801 BochumGermany

In this paper,an electrostatic compliant mechanical amplifier intended for force-compensated displacement amplification in MEMS sensor applications is ***,mechanical transformers that enhance a small input displacement into a large output displacement generate large forces at the input of the *** microsystem proposed here allows for the reduction and compensation of the input stiffness of the amplifier and any mechanical components connected to it while providing a constant amplification ratio at the same *** amplifying mechanism features bidirectional electrostatic anti-springs enabling the control of the stiffness by applying a constant DC *** electrode design of the anti-springs and its influence on the force-displacement characteristic,the side instability and the maximal displacement are studied through analytical approaches and supported by FEA and by *** on the derived models,a compliant electromechanical amplifier is developed,featuring an amplification ratio of *** this amplifier the initial input stiffness of 422 N/m could be reduced to 6.8 N/m by applying a voltage of 100 *** an additional application,we show how the amplifier can be used as a mechanical force sensor with tuneable sensitivity,where the forces at the input are transformed into large output *** experiments,we show how the sensitivity can be adjusted and increased by a factor of 25 by applying a voltage at the anti-springs.

关键词： amplifier electrostatic spring

Spatial modeling issues in future smart cities

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Geo-Spatial Information Science 2013年第1期16卷 7-12页

作者： Gerhard schmitt Department of Architecture and Future Cities Laboratory ETH ZürichZürichSwitzerlandand ETH CREATESingapore

It is our goal to make today’s and future cities smart,sustainable and *** order to achieve this,it is fundamental to understand how each city works,to formalize the knowledge gained and to apply it to a city model as the base for simulations that can generate future scenarios with a high level of *** nature of this model,which must cover design,qualitative and quantitative aspects,has changed over *** this study,we focus on the role of the spatial dimension and of geometry in a city *** from being a dominating generative force in ancient cities,spatial modeling has developed into an underlying description language for present and future cities to define functions and properties of the city in space and *** example of the stocks and flows model applied to the city depicts where and how spatial modeling influences the design,construction and performance of the future Smart City.

关键词： future cities spatial modeling stocks and flows city models reality-based 3D models