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The contribution of a non-governmental organisation’s Community Based Tuberculosis Care Programme to case finding in Myanmar:trend over time

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Infectious Diseases of Poverty 2017年第1期6卷 449-454页

作者： Htet Myet Win Maung saw saw Petros Isaakidis Mohammed Khogali Anthony Reid Nguyen Binh Hoa Ko Ko Zaw saw thein Si Thu Aung National Tuberculosis Programme Ministry of Health and SportsZabuthiri townshipPostcode 15011 Nay Pyi TawMyanmar Department of Medical Research Ministry of Health and SportsYangonMyanmar Medecins Sans Frontieres Operational Research UnitMSF-LuxembourgLuxembourgLuxembourg National Tuberculosis Programme HanoiVietnam Centre for Operational Research International Union Against Tuberculosis and Lung DiseaseParisFrance

Background:It is estimated that the standard,passive case finding(PCF)strategy for detecting cases of tuberculosis(TB)in Myanmar has not been successful:26%of cases are ***,alternative strategies,such as active case finding(ACF)by community volunteers,have been initiated since *** study aimed to assess the contribution of a Community Based TB Care Programme(CBTC)by local non-government organizations(NGOs)to TB case finding in Myanmar over 4 ***:This was a descriptive study using routine,monitoring *** data from the NGOs were sent to a central registry within the National TB Programme and data for this study were extracted from that *** from all 84 project townships in five regions and three states in Myanmar were *** project was launched in ***:Over time,the number of presumptive TB cases that were referred decreased,except in the Yangon Region,although in some areas,the numbers *** the same time,there was a trend for the proportion of cases treated,compared to those referred,that decreased over time(P=0.051).Overall,among 84 townships,the contribution of CBTC to total case detection deceased from 6%to 4%over time(P<0.001).Conclusions:Contrary to expectations and evidence from previous studies in other countries,a concerning reduction in TB case finding by local NGO volunteer networks in several areas in Myanmar was recorded over 4 *** suggests that measures to support the volunteer network and improve its performance are *** may include discussion with local NGOs human resources personnel,incentives for the volunteers,closer supervision of volunteers and improved monitoring and evaluation tools.

关键词： Operational research Community based tuberculosis care Contribution SORT IT

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缅甸深水港开发

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华东师范大学学报（自然科学版） 2020年第S1期 99-103页

作者： thein saw Nu Sanda 杨华龙缅甸海事大学港口海洋工程缅甸迪拉瓦大连海事大学交通工程学院辽宁大连116026

缅甸具有特殊的地缘政治重要性,它位于三个非常大的消费市场的中间:北部是中国,西部是印度,南部是东盟国家.仰光港作为缅甸的一个主要港口,是一个内河港口,其运力约束问题一直存在.根据缅甸港务局(MPA)提供的海运贸易统计数据,所有船舶... 详细信息

缅甸具有特殊的地缘政治重要性,它位于三个非常大的消费市场的中间:北部是中国,西部是印度,南部是东盟国家.仰光港作为缅甸的一个主要港口,是一个内河港口,其运力约束问题一直存在.根据缅甸港务局(MPA)提供的海运贸易统计数据,所有船舶停靠数量、集装箱吞吐量和货运量均逐年递增.因此,可以明显看出,缅甸需要更深、更宽的港口来建造更大的船只,以使海上贸易持续增长,而建立深海港口是今后唯一的选择.缅甸发展深海港口的主要动力是为了满足本国经济的增长,也就是说要把自己的腹地作为物流枢纽.主要目标是通过孟加拉湾和安达曼海的海路建立替代航线,以减少对马六甲海峡的依赖.根据选址过程的标准和指南,可能有许多标准.其中,初步选址框架选择了4个"必须具备的标准":水深、自然遮蔽、腹地连通性和可用土地.沿缅甸海岸线有四个潜在的深海港口项目地点:皎漂、帕辛、卡莱古克和大伟.它们按利益相关者的包容性进行排序,并使用层次分析法(AHP)选择最合适的地点.

关键词：深海港口物流枢纽缅甸

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Engagement of public and private medical facilities in tuberculosis care in Myanmar:contributions and trends over an eight-year period

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Infectious Diseases of Poverty 2017年第1期6卷 1083-1089页

作者： Thin Thin Nwe saw saw Le Le Win Myo Myo Mon Johan van Griensven Shuisen Zhou Palanivel Chinnakali Safieh Shah saw thein Si Thu Aung Procurement Unit Department of Public HealthNaypyitawMyanmar Department of Medical Research YangonMyanmar Institute of Tropical Medicine AntwerpBelgium Institute of Parasitic Diseases Chinese Center for Disease Control and PreventionShanghaiChina Jawaharlal Institute of Postgraduate Medical Education and Research(JIPMER) PuducherryIndia Operational Research Unit(LuxOR) MEdecins Sans FrontiEres-Operational Centre BrusselsLuxembourgLuxembourg National TB Program Department of Public HealthNaypyitawMyanmar Procurement and Supply Division Department of Public HealthMinistry of HealthNaypyitawMyanmar

Background:As part of the WHO End TB strategy,national tuberculosis(TB)programs increasingly aim to engage all private and public TB care *** of communities,civil society organizations and public and private care provider is the second pillar of the End TB *** Myanmar,this entails the public-public and public-private mix(PPM)*** public-public mix refers to public hospital TB services,with reporting to the national TB program(NTP).The public-private mix refers to private general practitioners providing TB services including TB diagnosis,treatment and reporting to *** aim of this study was to assess whether PPM activities can be scaled-up nationally and can be sustained over ***:Using 2007-2014 aggregated program data,we collected information from NTP and non-NTP actors on 1)the number of TB cases detected and their relative contribution to the national case load;2)the type of TB cases detected;3)their treatment ***:The total number of TB cases detected per year nationally increased from 133,547 in 2007 to 142,587 in *** contribution of private practitioners increased from 11%in 2007 to 18%in 2014,and from 1.8%to 4.6%for public *** NTP contribution decreased from 87%in 2007 to 77%in 2014.A similar pattern was seen in the number of new smear(+)TB cases(31%of all TB cases)and retreatment cases,which represented 7.8%of all TB *** new smear(+)TB cases,adverse outcomes were more common in public hospitals,with more patients dying,lost to follow up or not having their treatment outcome *** treated by private practitioners were more frequently lost to follow up(8%).Adverse treatment outcomes in retreatment cases were particularly common(59%)in public hospitals for various reasons,predominantly due to patients dying(26%)or not being evaluated(10%).In private clinics,treatment failure tended to be more common(8%).Conclusions:The contribution of non-NTP actors to TB detection at the

关键词： Public and private Tuberculosis Myanmar Operational research

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数值波浪模型在仰光港的应用(英文)

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上海海事大学学报 2007年第1期28卷 62-66页

作者：苏月蕾严以新童朝锋缅甸海事大学港口与近海工程系河海大学海洋学院江苏南京219008 河海大学海洋学院

通过第3代谱数值波浪模型(Simulating Wave Nearshore, SWAN)预测和估计波浪特性.数值模拟选取2个区域,首先计算85°E ~100°E, 8°N^22°N的大区域,网格数181×169,精度为0.05′×0.05′,然后计算94°E ~98°E, 15°N^18°N的小区域,... 详细信息

通过第3代谱数值波浪模型(Simulating Wave Nearshore, SWAN)预测和估计波浪特性.数值模拟选取2个区域,首先计算85°E ~100°E, 8°N^22°N的大区域,网格数181×169,精度为0.05′×0.05′,然后计算94°E ~98°E, 15°N^18°N的小区域,网格数为49×37,精度为0.05′×0.05′,后者嵌套在前者中.仰光港作为缅甸主要的贸易中心,位于嵌套区域.大区域的SWAN运行结果为小区域计算提供边界条件.

关键词： SWAN 嵌套网格数值波浪模型

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Induced pluripotent stem cell-related approaches to generate dopaminergic neurons for Parkinson's disease

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第11期20卷 3193-3206页

作者： Ling-Xiao Yi Hui Ren Woon Genevieve saw Li Zeng Eng King Tan Zhi Dong Zhou National Neuroscience Institute Singapore Nanyang Technology University Singapore Department of Neurology Singapore General HospitalSingapore Signature Research Program in Neuroscience and Behavioral Disorders Duke-NUS Medical SchoolSingapore

The progressive loss of dopaminergic neurons in affected patient brains is one of the pathological features of Parkinson's disease,the second most common human neurodegenerative *** the detailed pathogenesis accounting for dopaminergic neuron degeneration in Parkinson's disease is still unclear,the advancement of stem cell approaches has shown promise for Parkinson's disease research and *** induced pluripotent stem cells have been commonly used to generate dopaminergic neurons,which has provided valuable insights to improve our understanding of Parkinson's disease pathogenesis and contributed to anti-Parkinson's disease *** current review discusses the practical approaches and potential applications of induced pluripotent stem cell techniques for generating and differentiating dopaminergic neurons from induced pluripotent stem *** benefits of induced pluripotent stem cell-based research are *** dopaminergic neuron differentiation protocols from induced pluripotent stem cells are *** emerging three-dimension-based brain organoid models compared with conventional two-dimensional cell culture are ***,limitations,challenges,and future directions of induced pluripotent stem cell–based approaches are analyzed and proposed,which will be significant to the future application of induced pluripotent stem cell-related techniques for Parkinson's disease.

关键词： dopaminergic neurons induced pluripotent stem cells Parkinson's disease stem cell approaches

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siRNA therapeutics:a clinical reality

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Science China(Life Sciences) 2020年第4期63卷 485-500页

作者： Phei Er saw Er-Wei Song Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation Sun Yat-Sen Memorial HospitalSun Yat-Sen UniversityGuangzhou 510120China Breast Tumor Center Sun Yat-Sen Memorial HospitalSun Yat-Sen UniversityGuangzhou 510120China Zhongshan School of Medicine Breast SurgeryGuangzhou 510080China

Since the revolutionary discovery of RNA interference(RNAi),a remarkable progress has been achieved in understanding and harnessing gene silencing mechanism;especially in small interfering RNA(siRNA)*** its tremendous potential benefits,major challenges in most siRNA therapeutics remains unchanged-safe,efficient and target oriented delivery of *** years after the discovery of RNAi,siRNA therapeutics finally charts its way into *** we journey through the decades,we reminisce the history of siRNA discovery and its application in a myriad of disease ***,we highlight the breakthroughs in si RNA therapeutics,with special feature on the first FDA approved RNAi therapeutics Onpattro(Patisiran)and the consideration of effective siRNA delivery system focusing on current siRNA nanocarrier in clinical ***,we present some challenges and multiple barriers that are yet to be fully overcome in siRNA therapeutics.

关键词： siRNA therapeutic disease treatment systemic siRNA delivery clinical application

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Time-resolved impact electrochemistry for quantitative measurement of single-nanoparticle reaction kinetics

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Nano Research 2017年第11期10卷 3680-3689页

作者： En Ning saw Markus Kratz Kristina Tschulik Micro-&Nano-Electrochemistry and Centre for Electrochemical Sciences(CES) Ruhr-University BochumBochum D-44780Germany

Single-nanoparticle electrochemistry has been established as a tool to characterize various nanomaterials based on the charge passed during their random impact at an *** it is demonstrated that the duration and shape of the resulting current peak can be used to quantify the reaction kinetics on a single-particle *** the chemical rate constant and reaction mechanism for oxidation of single nanoparticles in different electrolytes can be determined directly from the duration of the current signal recorded in high-speed,high-sensitivity current *** 29-nm-sized Ag particles in four different electrolytes as a proof of concept for this general approach,hitherto inaccessible insights into single-particle reactivity are *** comparable rate constants were measured for the four electrolytes at low overpotentials,transport-limited impacts at high overpotentials were found to depend strongly on the type and quantity of anions present in solution.

关键词： single-particle reactivity electrochemical kinetics nano-impact method silver reaction mechanism

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Effect of fluidizing velocity on gas bypass and solid fraction in a dual fluidized bed gasifier and a cold model

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Particuology 2015年第1期13卷 58-65页

作者： Mook Tzeng Lim Woei-Lean saw Shusheng Pang Department of Chemical and Process Engineering University of Canterbury Centre for Energy Technology School of Chemical EngineeringUniversity of Adelaide

Dual fluidized bed gasifiers （DFBG） are effective in producing nitrogen-free syngas from biomass. How- ever, to improve the gasifier performance, pressure drops and solid fractions within the DFBG system need to be controlled. In this study, the effects of varying the fluidizing velocity in the fast fluidized bed （FFB） on the pressure drops and the solid fractions in the system were investigated in a 100 kW DFBG and in a dual fluidized bed cold model （DFCM）. Based on the experimental results, empirical correlations were developed to predict the height-averaged solid fraction in the bottom section of the FFB. Accuracy and advantages of the correlations were analyzed. The correlation is useful for design and modeling of the DFBG systems where the height-averaged solid fraction is required to be determined.

关键词： Cold model Hydrodynamics Steam gasification Dual fluidized bed

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Phage display screening of therapeutic peptide for cancer targeting and therapy

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Protein & Cell 2019年第11期10卷 787-807页

作者： Phei Er saw Er-Wei Song Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation Sun Yat-sen Memorial HospitalSun Yat-sen UniversityGuangzhou 510120China Breast Tumor Center Sun Yat-sen Memorial HospitalSun Yat-sen UniversityGuangzhou 510120China

Recently,phage display technology has been announced as the recipient of Nobel Prize in Chemistry *** display technique allows high affinity target-binding peptides to be selected from a complex mixture pool of billions of displayed peptides on phage in a combinatorial library and could be further enriched through the biopanning process;proving to be a powerful technique in the screening of peptide with high affinity and *** this review,we will first discuss the modifications in phage display techniques used to isolate various cancer-specific ligands by in situ,in vitro,in vivo,and ex vivo screening *** will then discuss prominent examples of solid tumor targeting-peptides;namely peptide targeting tumor vasculature,tumor microenvironment(TME)and overexpressed receptors on cancer cells identified through phage display *** will also discuss the current challenges and future outlook for targeting peptidebased therapeutics in the clinics.

关键词： phage display tumor targeting peptide,tumor vasculature tumor microenvironment tumor stromal cells over-expressed receptor

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A Field Observation and Significant Range Extension of Manouria impressa in Myanmar

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Asian Herpetological Research 2016年第4期7卷 295-297页

作者： saw HTUN Steven G. PLATT Wildlife Conservation Society Myanmar Program Office Block C- 1 Aye Yeik Mon 1st Street Hlaing Township YangonMyanmar

Few records of the impressed tortoise （Manouria impressa） are available from Myanmar and most are based on historic accounts, old museum specimens, and shells obtained from villagers and wildlife traffickers. We herein report the observation of a living M. impressa in the Hukaung Valley Wildlife Sanctuary of northern Myanmar. Our observation extends the known distribution of M. impressa in Myanmar approximately 850 km northwards from previously reported populations in the Rakhine Hills of Magway Region.

关键词： conservation Hukaung Valley Wildlife Sanctuary impressed tortoise Myanmar

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