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Discrete-Event Simulation of Viaduct Construction Methods in Riyadh Metro

Journal of Civil Engineering and Architecture 2021年第12期15卷 604-613页

作者： Khalid S.al-Gahtani ibrahim A.al-Sulaihi Hassan T.al-Assafi College of Engineering Civil Engineering DepartmentKing Saud UniversityP.O.Box 800Riyadh 11421Saudi Arabia

The Riyadh metro project is one of the current megaprojects that aim to improve the transit systems in saudi *** consists of several metro lines with a total length of 176 km and 85 *** viaducts are considered as one of the main construction elements in the metro *** methods for viaducts construction have been used in the Riyadh metro project:precast beam,full span launching method,cast on-site,and segment method(precast segment method and BCM(balanced cantilever method)).The viaducts work consumes a large portion of a project’s time and ***,the competitive nature of the construction industry increases the need to improve the efficiency of construction ***,this paper takes the initial steps toward increasing the efficiency of viaduct construction methods through *** of construction processes provides a systematic tool that can be used for determining the resources,time,and cost of these *** simulation processes should focus on the main activities affecting this element’s execution for viaducts construction,such as segment storage,handling,transporting,and *** study highlights the viaducts construction methods and develops general discrete-event simulation models for the most commonly used viaducts construction methods in the Riyadh metro using AnyLogic simulation *** simulation models visualize and capture the interaction between the different activities and resources in a viaduct ***,the construction drawbacks can be ***,the simulation model can be manipulated by adding assumptions to develop more efficient construction methods in terms of time and cost in such projects.

关键词： Simulation viaduct construction AnyLogic discrete event Riyadh metro

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Termites Improve the Horizontal Movement of Carbonized Particles:A Step towards Sustainable Utilization of Biochar

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Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany 2022年第10期91卷 2235-2248页

作者： Mazhar ali Nasir Masood Hafiz Muhammad Rashad Javeed ibrahim al-Ashkar Khalid F.almutairi Liyun Liu Muhammad Aqeel Sarwar Karthika Rajendran Ayman EL Sabagh Department of Environmental Sciences COMSATS University IslamabadVehari CampusVehari61100Pakistan Department of Plant Production College of Food and AgricultureKing Saud UniversityRiyadh11451Saudi Arabia Graduate School of Integrated Sciences for Life Hiroshima UniversityHiroshima739-8528Japan Crop Sciences Institute National Agricultural Research CentreIslamabad44000Pakistan VIT School of Agricultural Innovations and Advanced Learning(VAIal) Vellore Institute of Technology(VIT)Vellore632014India Department of Agronomy Faculty of AgricultureKafrelsheikh UniversityKafr El-Shaikh33516Egypt

Soil amendments containing carbonized materials increase the soil carbon reservoir,influence plant productivity,and,ultimately,help to clean the *** is data on the effect of such additions on soil physicochemical properties or plant growth,but few studies have focused on how these carbonized materials are distributed by termite species in the soil *** is the first comprehensive study of the transportation of biochar(BC)by termite species under tropical environmental conditions in *** present study was carried out to test the hypothesis that if termite species I)were involved in the distribution of biochar particles II)if yes,then how far these particles were transported during the study period(10 days)and III)check their preference between the enriched BC(EBC)and non-enriched *** was enriched with the cattle slurry after its pyrolysis in the *** results showed that EBC particles were significantly more widely distributed than non-enriched BC particles,but both types of BC were transported more than 4 cm(ring 4)within 10 days(at the end of the experiment).The current study also revealed that EBC was easily attached to the setae,cuticle,and legs of termites,implying that it could potentially be transported over a greater ***,transportation of EBC over larger distances indicated a potential preference of termite species between the EBC and BC *** the study,however,the preference among the termite species was also *** the prevailing study conditions,the Coptotermes heimi and Heteroterme indicola species transported the EBC further than Microtermes obesi and Odontotermes *** findings revealed that transportation preferences were observed among the four termite *** conclusion,the current study found that termites were involved in the distribution of BC particles,with a preference for EBC and that these have the potential to transport BC particles more than 4 cm within 10 da

关键词： Enriched biochar termite species distribution micro-particles feeding stations soil productivity

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Factors influencing the effectiveness of using flash glucose monitoring on glycemic control for type 1 diabetes in saudi Arabia

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World Journal of Diabetes 2021年第11期12卷 1908-1916页

作者： Hala ibrahim alhodaib Sama alsulihem Community Health Sciences Department King Saud UniversityRiyadh 11564Saudi Arabia College of Medicine King Saud UniversityRiyadh 11564Saudi Arabia

BACKGROUND In 2017,35000 saudi children and adolescents were living with a type 1 diabetes(T1D)*** complications are minimized upon strengthened glycemic *** annual cost of treating diabetic patients with complications was four-fold higher than for patients without *** use of flash glucose monitoring(FGM)enables better diabetes treatment and thereby improves glycemic *** the factors that affect effectiveness of FGM will help enhance the device’s use and management of hospital resources,resulting in improved *** To investigate factors that affect effectiveness of the FGM system for glycated hemoglobin(HbA1c)levels/glycemic control among T1D *** A retrospective empirical analysis of T1D patient records from King Abdul-Aziz University Hospital and Prince Sultan Military Medical City was performed.T1D patients who began FGM between 2017 and 2019 were *** The data included 195 T1D patients(70 males and 125 females)with a mean age of 23.6±8.1 *** them,152 patients used multiple daily injection and 43 used an insulin *** difference in HbA1c level from baseline and after using FGM was-0.60±2.10,with a maximum of 4.70 and a minimum *** was a statistically significant negative correlation between the independent variables(age,duration of diabetes,level of engagement)and *** group with the highest HbA1c mean(9.85)was 18-years-old,while the group with the lowest HbA1c mean(7.87)was *** with a low level of engagement(less than six scans per day)had the highest HbA1c mean(9.84),whereas those with a high level of engagement(more than eight scans per day)had the lowest HbA1c mean(8.33).CONCLUSION With proper education,FGM can help people with uncontrolled T1D over the age of 18 years to control their glucose level.

关键词： Type 1 diabetes Flash glucose monitoring Continuous glucose monitoring Hypoglycemia Glycemic control

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Bromophenacyl bromide,a phospholipase A_2 inhibitor attenuates chemically induced gastroduodenal ulcers in rats

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2006年第36期12卷 5798-5804页

作者： Mohammad Tariq ibrahim Elfaki Haseeb Ahmad Khan Mohammad Arshaduddin Samia Sobki Meshal al Moutaery Research Center Armed Forces Hospital Riyadh Saudi Arabia Department of Biochemistry College of Science King Saud University Riyadh Saudi Arabia Division of Clinical Biochemistry Department of Pathology Armed Forces Hospital Riyadh Saudi Arabia

AIM: To study the effect of bromophenacyl bromide (BPB), a phospholipase A2 inhibitor on gastric secretion and to protect chemically induced gastric and duodenal ulcers in rats. METHODS: Acid secretion studies were undertaken in pylorus-ligated rats with BPB treatment (0, 5, 15 and 45 mg/kg). Gastric and duodenal lesions in the rats were induced by ethanol and cysteamine respectively. The levels of gastric wall mucus, nonprotein sulfhydryls (NP- SH) and myeloperoxidase (MPO) were also measured in the glandular stomach of rats following ethanol induced gastric lesions. RESULTS: BPB produced a dose-dependent inhibition of gastric acid secretion and acidity in rats. Pretreatment with BPB significantly attenuated the formation of etha- nol induced gastric lesion. BPB also protected intestinal mucosa against cysteamine-induced duodenal ulcers. The antiulcer activity of BPB was associated with signifi- cant inhibition of ethanol-induced depletion of gastric wall mucus, NP-SH and MPO. These findings pointed towards the mediation of sulfhydryls in BPB induced gas- trointestinal cytoprotection. CONCLUSION: BPB possesses significant antiulcer and cytoprotective activity against experimentally induced gastroduodenal lesions.

关键词： Bromophenacyl bromide Phospholipase A2 Gastric secretion Gastric ulcer Duodenal ulcer Sulfhydryls Myeloperoxidase

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Global sensitivity analysis of certain and uncertain factors for a circular tunnel under seismic action

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Frontiers of Structural and Civil Engineering 2019年第6期13卷 1289-1300页

作者： Nazim Abdul NARIMAN Raja Rizwan HUSSAIN Ilham ibrahim MOHAMMAD Peyman KARAMPOUR Department of Civil Engineering Tishk International University SulaimaniSulaimaniya 46001Iraq Civil Engineering Department College of EngineeringKing Saud UniversityRiyadh 11421Saudi Arabia Department of Mechanical Engineering Faculty of EngineeringArak UniversityArak 38156-875Iran

There are many certain and uncertain design factors which have unrevealed rational effects on the generation of tensile damage and the stability of the circular tunnels during seismic *** this research paper,we have dedicated three certain and four uncertain design factors to quantify their rational effects using numerical simulations and the Sobol's sensitivity *** effects and interaction effects between the design factors have been determined supporting on variance-based global sensitivity *** results detected that the concrete modulus of elasticity for the tunnel lining has the greatest effect on the tensile damage generation in the tunnel lining during the seismic *** the other direction,the interactions between the concrete density and both of concrete modulus of elasticity and tunnel diameter have appreciable effects on the tensile ***,the tunnel diameter has the deciding effect on the stability of the tunnel *** the interaction between the tunnel diameter and concrete density has appreciable effect on the stability *** is worthy to mention that SoboFs sensitivity indices manifested strong efficiency in detecting the roles of each design factor in cooperation with the numerical simulations explaining the responses of the circular tunnel during seismic actions.

关键词： shear waves SoboFs sensitivity indices maximum principal stress maximum overall displacement tensile damage

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Transfer Learning-based Computer-aided Diagnosis System for Predicting Grades of Diabetic Retinopathy

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2022年第6期71卷 4573-4590页

作者： Qaisar Abbas Mostafa E.A.ibrahim Abdul Rauf Baig College of Computer and Information Sciences Imam Mohammad Ibn Saud Islamic University(IMSIU)Riyadh11432Saudi Arabia Department of Electrical Engineering Benha Faculty of EngineeringBenha UniversityQalubiaBenha13518Egypt

Diabetic retinopathy(DR)diagnosis through digital fundus images requires clinical experts to recognize the presence and importance of many intricate *** task is very difficult for ophthalmologists and ***,many computer-aided diagnosis(CAD)systems were developed to automate this screening process *** this paper,aCAD-DR system is proposed based on preprocessing and a pre-train transfer learningbased convolutional neural network(PCNN)to recognize the five stages of DR through retinal fundus *** develop this CAD-DR system,a preprocessing step is performed in a perceptual-oriented color space to enhance the DR-related lesions and then a standard pre-train PCNN model is improved to get high classification *** architecture of the PCNN model is based on three main ***,the training process of the proposed PCNN is accomplished by using the expected gradient length(EGL)to decrease the image labeling efforts during the training of the CNN ***,themost informative patches and images were automatically selected using a few pieces of training labeled ***,the PCNN method generated useful masks for prognostication and identified regions of ***,the DR-related lesions involved in the classification task such as micro-aneurysms,hemorrhages,and exudates were detected and then used for recognition of *** PCNN model is pre-trained using a high-end graphical processor unit(GPU)on the publicly available Kaggle *** obtained results demonstrate that the CAD-DR system outperforms compared to other state-of-the-art in terms of sensitivity(SE),specificity(SP),and accuracy(ACC).On the test set of 30,000 images,the CAD-DR system achieved an average SE of 93.20%,SP of 96.10%,and ACC of 98%.This result indicates that the proposed CAD-DR system is appropriate for the screening of the severity-level of DR.

关键词： Diabetic Retinopathy retinal fundus images computer-aided diagnosis system deep learning transfer learning convolutional neural network

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Behavior of Watermelon Cultivars after Inoculation with Watermelon mosaic virus in saudi Arabia

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Journal of Agricultural Science and Technology(A) 2018年第5期8卷 306-314页

作者： ibrahim Mohamed al-Shahwan Adyatma Irawan Santosa Omer Ahmed Abdalla Mohamed ali al-Saleh Plant Protection Department College of Food and Agriculture SciencesKing Saud UniversityP.O.Box 2460Riyadh 11451Saudi Arabia

all seven watermelon cultivars that were screened for their reactions to a severe saudi Arabian isolate of Watermelon mosaic virus(WMV-SA)that was found inducing a severe disease in watermelon in Riyadh region,were found to be susceptible and showed different virus-like symptoms upon mechanical *** Baby,Crimson Sweet 1 and Crimson Sweet 2 cultivars showed milder symptoms and,therefore,got lower grand mean of weekly symptom ratings than Charleston Gray No.502,Jubilee,Black Diamond and Charleston Gray No.133 in both first and second *** inoculation with this isolate significantly reduced the plant height,fresh and dry weights of the tested *** reduction percentages in plant height of Sugar Baby and Crimson Sweet 2 were significantly lower than those of Crimson Sweet 1,Charleston Gray No.502 and Charleston Gray No.133 in both *** the reduction in percentages of fresh weights of Sugar Baby,Crimson Sweet 2 and Jubilee were significantly lower than reduction percentages of Crimson Sweet 1,Black Diamond and Charleston Gray *** dry weight reduction percentages of Jubilee,Sugar Baby and Crimson Sweet 2 were lower than those of Charleston Gray No.502,Charleston Gray No.133,Black Diamond and Crimson Sweet 1 in both *** correlation existed between the virus titer in the infected cultivars and their *** general,Sugar Baby and Crimson Sweet 2 performed better than the other cultivars as they had the lowest symptom severity ratings,the lowest percentages of plant height,fresh and dry weight reductions compared to the other tested cultivars.

关键词： Plant behavior screening watermelon cultivars Watermelon mosaic virus(WMV) saudi Arabia

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Consecutive narrow and broad quasi-periodic fast-propagating wave trains associated with a flare

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Science China(Physics,Mechanics & Astronomy) 2024年第5期67卷 200-211页

作者： Xinping Zhou Yuandeng Shen Chengrui Zhou Zehao Tang Ahmed Ahmed ibrahim College of Physics and Electronic Engineering Sichuan Normal UniversityChengdu 610068China State Key Laboratory of Space Weather Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100190China Yunnan Observatories Chinese Academy of SciencesKunming 650216China Department of Physics and Astronomy College of ScienceKing Saud UniversityP.O.Box 2455Riyadh 11451Saudi Arabia

The excitation mechanism of coronal quasi-period fast-propagating(QFP)wave trains remains *** Atmospheric Imaging Assembly onboard the Solar Dynamics Observatory observations,we study a narrow and a broad QFP wave trains excited one after another during the successive eruptions of filaments hosted within a fan-spine magnetic system on October 20,*** consecutive occurrence of these two types of QFP wave trains in the same event provides an excellent opportunity to explore their excitation mechanisms and compare their physical *** observational results reveal that narrow and broad QFP wave trains exhibit distinct speeds,periods,energy fluxes,and relative intensity amplitudes,although originating from the same active region and being associated with the same GOES C2.9 *** wavelet analysis,we find that the narrow QFP wave train shares a similar period with the flare itself,suggesting its possible excitation through the pulsed energy release in the magnetic reconnection process that generated the accompanying *** the other hand,the broad QFP wave train appears to be associated with the energy pulses released by the successive expansion and unwinding of filament ***,it is plausible that the broad QFP wave train was also excited by the sequential stretching of closed magnetic field lines driven by the erupting *** findings shed light on the different excitation mechanisms and origins of the QFP wave trains.

关键词： narrow wave excitation

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Neuroprotective potential of Indigofera oblongifolia leaf methanolic extract against lead acetate-induced neurotoxicity

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Neural Regeneration Research 2016年第11期11卷 1797-1803页

作者： Saleh al-Quraishy Mohamed A.Dkhil Shaimaa R.ibrahim Ahmed E.Abdel Moneim Department of Zoology College of Science King Saud University Riyadh Saudi Arabia Department of Zoology and Entomology Faculty of Science Helwan University Cairo Egypt Department of Molecular Drug Evaluation National Organization for Drug Control & Research (NODCAR) Giza Egypt

Lead （Pb） is one of the most common environmental toxicants, exposure to which can cause significant neurotoxicity and an associated decline in brain function. This study investigated the possible neuroprotective role oflndigofera oblongifolia leaf methanolic extract （IOLME） against lead-induced neurotoxicity. Rats were intraperitoneally injected with lead acetate, with or without IOLME （intragastric administration for 5 days）, and the neuroprotective effect of IOLME was assessed by measuring the lead concentration, redox status （lipid peroxidation, nitric oxide and glutathione）, enzymatic antioxidant activities （superoxide dismutase, catalase, glutathione peroxidase and reductase）, PCR assays of apoptosis markers （Bax and Bcl-2） and histopathology of the brain. The increases in the lipid peroxidation, nitric oxide, and apoptosis, the decreases in the glutathione level and the activity of antioxidant enzymes, and the altered histology of the brain induced by lead acetate were mitigated in the brain of rats pre-treated with IOLME. These findings indicate that IOLME has beneficial effects and it mitigates lead acetate-induced neurotoxicity via its antiox-idant and anti-apoptotic activities.

关键词： nerve regeneration lead acetate, Indigofera oblongifolia neurotoxicity oxidative stress apoptosis neural regeneration

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Multiple thoracic and abdominal foregut duplication cysts:A case report

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World Journal of Clinical Cases 2024年第8期12卷 1504-1509页

作者： Tuqa Adil alsinan Tariq ibrahim altokhais Department of Pediatric Surgery Prince Sultan Military Medical CityRiyadh 12233Saudi Arabia Devision of Pediatric Surgery Department of SurgeryCollege of MedicineKing Saud UniversityRiyadh 4545Saudi Arabia

BACKGROUND Congenital enteric duplication cysts are tubular or cystic structures that normally lie alongside the gastrointestinal(GI)*** duplication cysts are typically solitary lesions that occur anywhere near the GI tract from the neck to the rectum,but having multiple duplication cysts is rare,and presentation within the pancreas is extremely *** SUMMARY We herein demonstrate a case of esophageal,gastric,and gastric-type duplication cyst of the pancreas in a seventeen-month-old girl who presented with failure to thrive,abdominal pain,vomiting,hematemesis,and melena since the age of three *** cysts were excised by thoracoscopy and laparoscopy in the same *** our knowledge,no such case has been *** Enteric duplications can occur throughout the entire alimentary *** they occur in the pancreas,they present a formidable challenge in both diagnosis and *** to the risk of complications and malignant transformation,surgical removal is the recommended treatment of all duplication cysts.

关键词： Congenital Duplication cyst Foregut duplication Gastric duplication Pancreas Case report

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