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Optimal Algorithms for Load Balancing in Optical Burst switching Networks

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Computer systems science & Engineering 2022年第8期42卷 739-749页

作者： K.Arun Kumar V.R.Venkatasubramani s.rajaram Research scholar Department of ICEAnna UniversityChennai600025India Department of ECE Thiagarajar College of EngineeringMadurai625015India

Data packet drop can happen in Optical Burst-switched(OBs)when two data bursts are competing on the same ***,many techniques have been developed to solve this problem but they do not consider the ***,it is necessary to balance the load system in the OBs *** Ant Colony Optimization(ACO)technique can be applied to determine the straight and the safest ***,the ACO technique raises both power utilization as well as the execution *** this study,Cuckoo search(Cs)and ACO methods based approach is proposed to avoid the congestion and load balancing in the OBs *** strategy evaluates the intensity of hotspot data and then launches the congestion rate optimization process that depends on their load *** congestion rate optimization represents the available bandwidth,data distribution rate,queue size,and access rate,and also these factors are optimized through the Cs *** fitness utility in the Cs technique adjusts the distribution rate in the OBs network,and the proposed ACO technique solves the energy utilization *** simulation results proved that the presented strategy evades both the end-to-end delay as well as the possibility of packet drop.

关键词： Ant colony optimization cuckoo search optical burst-switched load balancing congestion control

Aeromagnetic signatures of Precambrian shield and suture zones of Peninsular India

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Geoscience Frontiers 2014年第1期5卷 3-15页

作者： Mita rajaram s.P.Anand Indian Institute of Geomagnetism New PanvelNavi Mumbai 410218 India

In many Precambrian provinces the understanding of the tectonic history is constrained by limited exposure and aeromagnetic data provide information below the surface cover of sediments, water, etc. and help build a tectonic model of the region. The advantage of using the aeromagnetic data is that the data set has uniform coverage and is independent of the accessibility of the region. In the present study, available reconnaissance scale aeromagnetic data over Peninsular India are analyzed to understand the magnetic signatures of the Precambrian shield and suture zones thereby throwing light on the tectonics of the region. Utilizing a combination of differential reduction to pole map, analytic signal, vertical and tilt derivative and upward continuation maps we are able to identify magnetic source distribution, tectonic elements, terrane boundaries, suture zones and metamorphic history of the region. The mag- netic sources in the region are mainly related to charnockites, iron ore and alkaline intrusives. Our analysis suggests that the Chitradurga boundary shear and sileru shear are terrane boundaries while we interpret the signatures of Palghat Cauvery and Achankovil shears to represent suture zones. Processes like metamorphism leave their signatures on the magnetic data： prograde granulites （charnockites） and retrograde eclogites are known to have high susceptibility. We find that charnockites intruded by alkali plutons have higher magnetization compared to the retrogressed charnockites. We interpret that the Dharwar craton to the north of isograd representing greenschist to amphibolite facies transition, has been subjected to metamorphism under low geothermal conditions. some recent studies suggest a plate tectonic model of subduction collision-accretion tectonics around the Palghat Cauvery shear zone （PCsZ）. Our analysis is able to identify several west to east trending high amplitude magnetic anomalies with deep sources in the region from Palghat Cauvery shear t

关键词： Aeromagnetic interpretation southern Granulite Terrain Metamorphism Precambrian subduction Collision

Induction of osteoblast differentiation in human adipose derived stem cells by lanthanum ions

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Journal of Rare Earths 2014年第11期32卷 1080-1088页

作者： Harini D Indra R rajaram A Rama rajaram Department of Biochemistry Central Leather Research Institute Department of Biophysics Central Leather Research Institute

Adipose derived stem cells represent a readily available source of adult stem cells for various biomedical applications. In this study, the proliferation and osteogenic differentiation potential of lanthanum nitrate（La3＋） on human adipose derived mesenchymal stem cells（hADsCs） were investigated for the first time and compared with that of dexamethasone（Dex）. Our results provided evidence that La3＋ at 50 μmol/L concentration promoted proliferation of hADsCs upto 2.4 fold when treated for 21 d in DMEM medium. Treatment of hADsCs with La3＋ containing osteogenic induction medium（α-MEM with ascorbic acid and β-glycerophosphate） for 7 d resulted in higher calcium deposition than that in the presence of Dex（0.1 μmol/L） as shown by Alizarin red s and von Kossa staining. scanning electron micrographs also showed more extracellular matrix mineralization in the presence of La3＋. After 7 d of treatment with La3＋（10 μmol/L） the expression of RunX2, osteopontin（OP） and osteocalcin（OC） increased 3.4, 5.5 and 2.7 fold respectively. Our results provided evidence that in the presence of La3＋ osteogenic differentiation occurred earlier than that in the presence of Dex.

关键词： hADsCs lanthanum osteoblast differentiation genes calcium deposition sEM RunX2 rare earths

Controversies in fecal incontinence

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2025年第3期31卷 113-119页

作者： Andreia Albuquerque satish s C Rao school of Medicine and Biomedical sciences Fernando Pessoa UniversityGondomar 4420-096PortoPortugal Precancerous Lesions and Early Cancer Management Research Group RIsE@CI-IPO(Health Research Network) Portuguese Oncology Institute of PortoPorto 4200-072Portugal Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Department of Internal MedicineAugusta UniversityAugustaGA 30912United States

Fecal incontinence is a common condition that can significantly impact patients’quality of *** anal sphincter injury and anorectal surgeries are common *** ultrasound and anorectal manometry are important diagnostic tools for evaluating *** are various treatment options,including diet,lifestyle modifications,drugs,biofeedback therapy,tibial and sacral nerve neuromodulation therapy,and *** this editorial,we will discuss current controversies and novel approaches to fecal *** for asymptomatic anal sphincter defects after obstetric anal sphincter injury and in patients with inflammatory bowel disease is not generally recommended,but may be helpful in selected *** Garg incontinence score is a new score that includes the assessment of solid,liquid,flatus,mucous,stress and urge fecal *** tests such as translumbosacral anorectal magnetic stimulation and novel therapies such as translumbosacral neuromodulation therapy are promising diagnostic and treatment options,for both fecal incontinence and *** biofeedback therapy can overcome some limitations of the office-based *** muscle-derived cell implantation of the external anal sphincter has been further studied as a possible treatment *** neuromodulation may be useful in scleroderma,congenital fecal incontinence and inflammatory bowel disease but merits further study.

关键词： Fecal incontinence Endoanal ultrasound Anal sphincter defects Biofeedback Neuropathy sacral neuromodulation

Experimental investigations on wear properties of Palm kernel reinforced composites for brake pad applications

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Defence Technology（防务技术） 2019年第3期15卷 295-299页

作者： satish Pujari s.srikiran Department of Mechanical Engineering Lendi Institute of Engineering and Technology

The use of asbestos material is being avoided to manufacture the brake pads as it is harmful and toxic in nature. Further it leads to various health issues like asbestosis, mesothelioma and lung cancers. These brake pads can be replaced by natural fibers like Palm kernel (0-50%), Nile roses (0-15%) and Wheat (0-10%) with additives like aluminum oxide (5%-20%) and graphite powder (10%-35%). Phenolic resin of 35% is utilized as a binder. Particulated Nile roses are used to increase the friction coefficient and wheat powder is used to reduce the wear rate. Aluminum oxide and graphite are abrasive in nature. This helps to make brake pads with high friction co-efficient and less wear rate with low noise pollution. The wear of the proposed composites have been investigated at different speeds. Various tests like wear on pin-ondisc apparatus, hardness on the Rockwell hardness apparatus and oil absorption test have been conducted. Phenolic resin produces good bonding nature to fiber. Thus, Fibers found to have performed palatably among all commercial brake pads. The objective of the research indicates that Palm kernal shell could be a conceivable alternative for asbestos in friction coating materials.

关键词： Friction materials Palm kernel fiber Nile rose Wheat Brake pad Wear test Hardness test Oil absorption test

synthesis and Characterization of Rare Earth Ion Doped Nano ZnO

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Nano-Micro Letters 2012年第2期4卷 65-72页

作者： Rita John rajaram Rajakumari Department of Theoretical Physics University of Madras Department of Physics Queen Mary’s College

Zinc oxide(ZnO) doped with erbium at different concentrations was synthesized by solid-state reaction method and characterized by X-ray diffraction(XRD), scanning electron microscopic(sEM), UVabsorption spectroscopy, photoluminescence(PL) study and vibrating sample magnetometer. The XRD studies exhibit the presence of wurtzite crystal structure similar to the parent compound ZnO in 1% Er^(3+)doped Zn O,suggesting that doped Er^(3+)ions sit at the regular Zn^(2+)sites. However, same studies spread over the samples with Er^(3+)content>1% reveals the occurrence of secondary phase. sEM images of 1% Er^(3+)doped ZnO show the polycrystalline nature of the synthesized sample. UV-visible absorption spectrum of Er^(3+)doped ZnO nanocrystals shows a strong absorption peak at 388 nm due to ZnO band to band transition. The PL study exhibits emission in the visible region, due to excitonic as well as defect related transitions. The magnetizationfield curve of Er^(3+)doped ZnO nanocrystals showed ferromagnetic property at room-temperature.

关键词： Erbium doped zinc oxide solid state reaction X-ray diffraction Photoluminescence VsM Room-temperature ferromagnetism