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Microalgae Cultivation Using Offshore Membrane Enclosures for Growing Algae (OMEGA)

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Journal of Sustainable Bioenergy Systems 2013年第1期3卷 18-32页

作者： Patrick Wiley Linden Harris Sigrid Reinsch sasha tozzi Tsegereda Embaye Kit Clark Brandi McKuin Zbigniew Kolber Russel Adams Hiromi Kagawa Tra-My Justine Richardson John Malinowski Colin Beal Matthew A. Claxton Emil Geiger Jon Rask J. Elliot Campbell Jonathan D. Trent Advanced Organic Methods Penryn USA Department of Chemistry University of California Santa Cruz USA Department of Mechanical Engineering University of Nevada Reno USA Department of Ocean Sciences University of California Santa Cruz USA Dynamac Corporation NASA Ames Research Center Moffett Field USA NASA Ames Research Center Moffett Field USA School of Engineering University of California Merced USA SETI Institute Mountain View USA Universities Space Research Association Columbia USA

OMEGA is a system for cultivating microalgae using wastewater contained in floating photobioreactors (PBRs) deployed in marine environments and thereby eliminating competition with agriculture for water, fertilizer, and land. The offshore placement in protected bays near coastal cities co-locates OMEGA with wastewater outfalls and sources of CO2-rich flue gas on shore. To evaluate the feasibility of OMEGA, microalgae were grown on secondary-treated wastewater supplemented with simulated flue gas (8.5% CO2 V/V) in a 110-liter prototype system tested using a seawater tank. The flow-through system consisted of tubular PBRs made of transparent linear low-density polyethylene, a gas exchange and harvesting column (GEHC), two pumps, and an instrumentation and control (I&C) system. The PBRs contained regularly spaced swirl vanes to create helical flow and mixing for the circulating culture. About 5% of the culture volume was continuously diverted through the GEHC to manage dissolved oxygen concentrations, provide supplemental CO2, harvest microalgae from a settling chamber, and add fresh wastewater to replenish nutrients. The I&C system controlled CO2 injection and recorded dissolved oxygen levels, totalized CO2 flow, temperature, circulation rates, photosynthetic active radiation (PAR), and the photosynthetic efficiency as determined by fast repetition rate fluorometry. In two experimental trials, totaling 23 days in April and May 2012, microalgae productivity averaged 14.1 ± 1.3 grams of dry biomass per square meter of PBR surface area per day (n = 16), supplemental CO2 was converted to biomass with >50% efficiency, and >90% of the ammonia-nitrogen was recovered from secondary effluent. If OMEGA can be optimized for energy efficiency and scaled up economically, it has the potential to contribute significantly to biofuels production and wastewater treatment.

关键词： Biofuels Wastewater Treatment Microalgae Photobioreactor CO2 Mass Transfer Fast Repetition Rate Fluorometry Instrumentation and Control

Rice-wheat comparative genomics:Gains and gaps

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The Crop Journal 2024年第3期12卷 656-669页

作者： Akila Wijerathna-Yapa Ruchi Bishnoi Buddhini Ranawaka Manu Maya Magar Hafeez Ur Rehman Swati G.Bharad Michal T.Lorenc Vinita Ramtekey sasha Gohar Charu Lata Md.Harun-Or-Rashid Maryam Razzaq Muhammad Sajjad Bhoja *** School of Agriculture and Food Sustainability The University of QueenslandSt LuciaQLD 4072Australia ARC Centre of Excellence for Plant Success in Nature and Agriculture The University of QueenslandSt LuciaQLD 4072Australia Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding College of AgricultureUmmedganj-KotaAgriculture UniversityKotaRajasthan 324001India Centre for Agriculture and the Bioeconomy Queensland University of Technology(QUT)2 George StreetBrisbaneQLD 4000Australia UWA School of Agriculture and Environment The University of Western Australia35 Stirling HighwayCrawleyWA 6009Australia Nepal Agriculture Research Council KhumaltarLalitpurNepal Department of Agronomy University of AgricultureFaisalabad 38040Pakistan Department of Agricultural Botany Dr Panjabrao Deshmukh Krishi VidyapeethAkola 444104MaharashtraIndia ICAR-Indian Institute of Seed Science MauUttar Pradesh 275103India School of Natural Sciences Macquarie UniversityMacquarie ParkNSW 2109Australia ICAR-Indian Institute of Wheat and Barley Research Flowrdale 54642ShimlaIndia International Maize and Wheat Improvement Center(CIMMYT)Bangladesh Office Gulshan-2Dhaka 1212Bangladesh Center for Seed Science University of AgricultureFaisalabad 38000Pakistan Department of Biosciences COMSATS University IslamabadPark RoadTarlai KalanIslamabad 45550Pakistan CGIAR’s Excellence in Breeding(EiB)Platform/Accelerated Breeding Initiative International Maize and Wheat Improvement Center(CIMMYT)El Batán 56237Mexico

Rice and wheat provide nearly 40%of human calorie and protein *** share a common ancestor and belong to the Poaceae(grass)*** their genetic homology is crucial for developing new cultivars with enhanced *** wheat genes and gene families have been characterized based on their rice ***–wheat orthology can identify genetic regions that regulate similar traits in both ***–wheat comparative genomics can identify candidate wheat genes in a genomic region identified by association or QTL mapping,deduce their putative functions and biochemical pathways,and develop molecular markers for marker-assisted breeding.A knowledge of gene homology facilitates the transfer between crops of genes or genomic regions associated with desirable traits by genetic engineering,gene editing,or wide crossing.

关键词： Comparative genomics Orthologs Genes Synteny Genetic engineering Molecular breeding

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拯救鸟类打击鸟类非法走私产业

空中英语教室（高级版．彭蒙惠英语） 2024年第5期 16-17,41,42页

作者： sasha Richie 不详

20世纪70年代,北美洲大约有100亿只鸟。现在则约有70亿只,意味着这个大陆失去了超过四分之一的鸟类。在失去的30亿只鸟中,有90%属于12个鸟类科别,全是不同种类的鸣禽——即雀形目鸟类的一个广泛亚目,从色彩缤纷、叫动听的丽色彩,到又大... 详细信息

20世纪70年代,北美洲大约有100亿只鸟。现在则约有70亿只,意味着这个大陆失去了超过四分之一的鸟类。在失去的30亿只鸟中,有90%属于12个鸟类科别,全是不同种类的鸣禽——即雀形目鸟类的一个广泛亚目,从色彩缤纷、叫动听的丽色彩,到又大又黑、叫声粗糙的普通乌鸦均属之。

关键词：雀形目鸟类亚目鸣禽色彩缤纷叫声北美洲乌鸦

人工智能是危险的，但不是你认为的原因（英文）

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英语画刊(高中版) 2024年第18期 3-5页

作者： sasha Luccioni

人工智能（AI）的出现给我们的生活带来了便利，但这并不意味着它值得信赖。人工智能伦理研究员萨沙·卢奇奥尼认为，我们应该关注AI的负面影响，比如排放碳、侵犯版权和传播有偏见的信息等，并提供了一些切实可行的解决方案来规范人工...

人工智能（AI）的出现给我们的生活带来了便利，但这并不意味着它值得信赖。人工智能伦理研究员萨沙·卢奇奥尼认为，我们应该关注AI的负面影响，比如排放碳、侵犯版权和传播有偏见的信息等，并提供了一些切实可行的解决方案来规范人工智能的未来。

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Evolution of heart transplant donor characteristics in the 21st century: A United States single center’s experience

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World Journal of Transplantation 2024年第3期14卷 22-29页

作者： Alexander M Spring Christiana Gjelaj Shivank Madan Snehal R Patel Omar Saeed Sandhya Murthy Yogita Rochlani Daniel B Sims sasha Vukelic Stephen J Forest Jamil F Borgi Daniel J Goldstein Ulrich P Jorde Montefiore-Einstein Center for Heart and Vascular Care Montefiore Medical CenterAlbert Einstein College of MedicineBronxNY 10467United States Division of Cardiothoracic Surgery Tulane UniversityNew OrleansLA 70112United States

Despite a record setting number of heart transplants performed annually,the national donor shortage continues to plague transplant teams across the United *** we describe the barriers to adaptation of numerous“non-traditional”orthotopic heart transplant donor characteristics including donors with hepatitis C virus,those meeting criteria for donation after cardiac death,donors with coronavirus disease 19 infection,donors with the human immunodeficiency virus,and grafts with left ventricular systolic *** center’s objective was to increase our transplant volume by expanding our donor pool from“traditional”donors to these“non-traditional”*** detail how medical advances such as certain laboratory studies,pharmacologic interventions,and organ care systems have allowed our center to expand the donor pool thereby increasing transplantation volume without adverse effects on outcomes.

关键词： Orthotopic heart transplantation Hepatitis C virus COVID-19 Left ventricular systolic dysfunction Human immunodeficiency virus Donation after cardiac death

Developmental DNA methyltransferase expression in the fire ant Solenopsis invicta

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Insect Science 2018年第1期25卷 57-65页

作者： sasha Kay Daniel Skowronski Brendan G. Hunt Department of Entomology University of Georgia Griffin Georgia USA

DNA methylation is accomplished in animals by 2 classes of enzymes known as DNA methyltransferases, DNMT3 and DNMT 1, which perform de novo methylation and maintenance methylation, respectively. Several studies of hymenopteran eusocial insects suggest that DNA methylation is capable of influencing developmental plasticity. However, fundamental questions remain about the patterning of DNA methylation during the course of insect development. In this study, we performed quantitative real-time PCR （qPCR） on transcripts from the single-copy orthologs of DNMT1 and DNMT3 in the red imported fire ant, Solenopsis invicta. In particular, we assessed the expression of S. invicta Dnmtl and Dnmt3 mRNA during 7 stages of worker development, among behaviorally distinct adults, and among male and female gonads. Dnmt3 was most highly expressed during embryonic development, whereas Dnmtl was similarly expressed throughout the course of develop- ment. Moreover, Dnmtl and Dnmt3 were highly expressed in testes and ovaries. Neither Dnmt was significantly differentially expressed among heads of behaviorally distinct adult castes. Our results support the hypothesis that extensive patterning of DNA methylation occurs during gametogenesis and embryogenesis in the insect order Hymenoptera.

关键词： DNA methylation epigenetics gene expression Hymenoptera qPCR Solenopsis invicta

Highly efficient and automated extraction of DNA from human remains using a modified EZ1 protocol

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Forensic Sciences Research 2021年第1期6卷 59-66页

作者： Anna Barbaro sasha Samar Giacomo Falcone Angelo La Marca Department of Forensic Genetics Studio Indagini Mediche E Forensi(SIMEF)Reggio CalabriaItaly

Bones and teeth often represent the only sources of DNA available for identifying human *** in bones and teeth is generally better preserved than that in soft tissues because of the presence of hard connective tissue with a high level of *** of the extensive mineralisation,the choice of an efficient DNA extraction procedure is important to minimise the sampling of a high level of minerals and to remove polymerase chain reaction(PCR)*** protocols are available for DNA extraction from bones and teeth as part of the Qiagen EZ1 DNA Investigator Kit using the EZ1 Advanced XL automated purification *** improve the efficiency of DNA extraction from skeletal remains,the present study focuses on a modification to these already available *** this study,different bones and teeth collected between 1 and 50 years after death were subjected to DNA extraction using the standard EZ1 protocol,a supplementary protocol,and a modified *** modified approach included a decalcification step,whereas the Qiagen protocols worked directly on non-decalcified *** all three procedures,150 mg samples were used for DNA *** evaluated the quantity of DNA recovered from samples,the presence of any PCR inhibitors co-extracted,the level of DNA degradation,the quality of short tandem repeat(STR)profiles,and the reproducibility of the modified *** compared with the other protocols,the modified protocol resulted in the best recovery of DNA that was free of PCR ***,the STR profiles were reliable and of high *** our opinion,the decalcification step increases DNA recovery by softening tissues,which allows lysis solutions to act more ***,the use of two lysis solutions and the variation added to the EZ1 purification step allow for DNA recovery with quality and quantity superior to those of the previously available Qiagen-based *** findings may be helpful solutions to t

关键词： Forensic sciences forensic genetics DNA extraction bone tooth EZ1 automation

重型颅脑损伤患者胃肠功能衰竭风险预测模型的建立

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脑与神经疾病杂志 2024年第7期32卷 428-433页

作者：林莎莎周灵静唐秀琼潘梅英达州市中西医结合医院神经外科四川635000

目的建立重型颅脑损伤(sTBI)患者胃肠功能衰竭风险预测模型,并进行验证。方法选择2019年1月至2023年3月达州市中西医结合医院神经外科接诊的147例sTBI患者资料进行分析。收集可能影响sTBI患者胃肠功能衰竭的相关因素,根据急性胃肠道损伤... 详细信息

目的建立重型颅脑损伤(sTBI)患者胃肠功能衰竭风险预测模型,并进行验证。方法选择2019年1月至2023年3月达州市中西医结合医院神经外科接诊的147例sTBI患者资料进行分析。收集可能影响sTBI患者胃肠功能衰竭的相关因素,根据急性胃肠道损伤(AGI)分级将患者分为胃肠功能衰竭组与非胃肠功能衰竭组,以LASSO筛选出潜在影响因素后行多因素Logistic回归分析,根据多因素分析结果建立列线图模型并进行验证。结果本研究模型组102例sTBI患者中共有33例(32.35%)出现胃肠功能衰竭,多因素Logistic回归分析结果显示:机械通气情况、休克、通便措施、肺部感染情况、血钠、人肠脂肪酸结合蛋白(iFABP)、D-乳酸及二胺氧化酶(DAO)为sTBI患者胃肠功能衰竭的独立性影响因素(P<0.05)。ROC分析显示模型组曲线下面积(AUC)为0.942,95%CI为0.896~0.988;验证组AUC为0.908,95%CI为0.849~0.966。校准曲线结果显示,预测曲线与标准曲线基本拟合。决策曲线分析结果显示,当列线图模型预测sTBI患者胃肠功能衰竭风险的概率阈值为0.10~0.90时,患者的净收益率大于0。结论sTBI患者胃肠功能衰竭主要受机械通气情况、休克、通便措施等相关因素的影响,本研究基于上述因素建立的列线图预测模型用于预测sTBI患者胃肠功能衰竭具有较高的准确度与区分度。

关键词：重型颅脑损伤胃肠功能衰竭多因素分析列线图模型

Effects of calcium on the evolution of nitrogen during pyrolysis of a typical low rank coal

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International Journal of Coal Science & Technology 2020年第2期7卷 397-404页

作者： Xiongchao Lin sasha Yang Xujun Chen Panpan Zheng Yonggang Wang Shu Zhang School of Chemical and Environmental Engineering China University of Mining and Technology(Beijing)Beijing100083China Department of New Energy Science and Technology Nanjing Forestry UniversityNanjing210037JiangsuChina

This study aims to investigate the effects of calcium on the migration of nitrogen in coal(coal-N)to N-containing gas species,particularly,NH3 and HCN(volatile-N)in volatiles,as well as the chemical transformation of the N in char during coal pyrolysis under different *** pyrolysis experiments of Shengli brown coal and its derived coal samples loaded with different contents of calcium were conducted under 600–800°C in a novel fluidized bed *** experimental results showed that during coal pyrolysis,the generation of NH3 is mainly derived from secondary reactions among volatiles,tar and char with the catalytic effect of mineral matter,especially calcium in *** pyrolysis temperature from 600 to 800°C could enhance the release of N in coal to ***,the increased pyrolysis temperature could also inhibit the generation of NH3 while facilitating the formation of *** release of HCN is more sensitive to pyrolysis ***,under higher pyrolysis temperatures,more N-containing structures in coal would become thermally unstable and crack into HCN;On the other hand,higher pyrolysis temperature could also enhance the decomposition of N in coal to N-containing species in tar or N2,thus reducing the release of HCN and *** in tar could either undergo secondary decomposition reactions,generating NH3,HCN,N2 and other N-containing species in gas phase,or experience condensation polymerization by forming macromolecular structure and be retained in char at high pyrolysis *** could significantly restrain the release of N from coal,thus reducing the yields of NH3 and *** coal pyrolysis,calcium catalytically enhances the fracture and combination of chemical bonds,generating abundant free *** free radicals could continuously attack N-containing structures and consequently release the N-containing gaseous products,such as NH3,HCN,N2 etc.,resulting in the decrease of N in ***

关键词： Brown coal Pyrolysis Nitrogen Calcium Transformation