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Propulsion and Power Research 2022年第1期11卷 143-153页

作者： sardar bilal Imtiaz Ali Shah Department of Mathematics AIR UniversityP.A.F ComplexSector E-9P.O.44000IslamabadPakistan

Present communication is devoted to analyze thermal characteristics of Carreau liquid flowing on variably thickened non-uniformly rotating *** formulation is constructed in view of complex coupled partial differential ***,boundary layer approach is executed for comprehensive examination of under consideration phenomenon with in boundary layer ***’s transformation is capitalized to convert the attained PDE’s into ordinary differential equations *** of attained ODE’s system is solved numerically by implementing Keller-Box *** of protuberant involved parameters on momentum and thermal distributions is illustrated through *** addition,impact of flow concerning parameters on wall shear stress and thermal flux is also *** assurance of present finding is done by making agreement with published results and by restricting considered problem to Newtonian ***,we observed that radially and tangentially directed wall drag lessen with growing magnitude of power law exponent ***,the consequence of disk thickness parameter grows stresses along radial direction whereas opposite behavior is depicted in case of tangentially directed friction and heat flux factors.

关键词： Carreau viscosity model Rotating disk Non-uniform thickness Keller-Box method

KurdSet: A Kurdish Handwritten Characters Recognition Dataset Using Convolutional Neural Network

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2024年第4期79卷 429-448页

作者： sardar Hasen Ali Maiwan Bahjat Abdulrazzaq Computer Science Department University of ZakhoDuhokIraq

Handwritten character recognition(HCR)involves identifying characters in images,documents,and various sources such as forms surveys,questionnaires,and signatures,and transforming them into a machine-readable format for subsequent *** recognizing complex and intricately shaped handwritten characters remains a significant *** use of convolutional neural network(CNN)in recent developments has notably advanced HCR,leveraging the ability to extract discriminative features from extensive sets of raw *** of the absence of pre-existing datasets in the Kurdish language,we created a Kurdish handwritten dataset called(KurdSet).The dataset consists of Kurdish characters,digits,texts,and *** dataset consists of 1560 participants and contains 45,240 *** this study,we chose characters only from our *** utilized a Kurdish dataset for handwritten character *** study also utilizes various models,including InceptionV3,Xception,DenseNet121,and a *** show the performance of the KurdSet dataset,we compared it to Arabic handwritten character recognition dataset(AHCD).We applied the models to both datasets to show the performance of our ***,the performance of the models is evaluated using test accuracy,which measures the percentage of correctly classified characters in the evaluation *** models performed well in the training phase,DenseNet121 exhibited the highest accuracy among the models,achieving a high accuracy of 99.80%on the Kurdish *** Xception model achieved 98.66%using the Arabic dataset.

关键词： CNN models Kurdish handwritten recognition KurdSet dataset Arabic handwritten recognition DenseNet121 model InceptionV3 model Xception model

Spatiotemporal dynamics of land use/land cover(LULC)changes and its impact on land surface temperature:A case study in New Town Kolkata,eastern India

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Regional Sustainability 2024年第2期5卷 26-48页

作者： Bubun MAHATA Siba Sankar SAHU Archishman sardar Laxmikanta RANA Mukul MAITY Department of Geography Ravenshaw UniversityCuttack753003India Department of Geography Sri Krushna Chandra Gajapati(Autonomous)CollegeParalakhemundi761200India

Rapid urbanization creates complexity,results in dynamic changes in land and environment,and influences the land surface temperature(LST)in fast-developing *** this study,we examined the impact of land use/land cover(LULC)changes on LST and determined the intensity of urban heat island(UHI)in New Town Kolkata(a smart city),eastern India,from 1991 to 2021 at 10-a intervals using various series of Landsat multi-spectral and thermal *** study used the maximum likelihood algorithm for image classification and other methods like the correlation analysis and hotspot analysis(Getis–Ord Gi^(*) method)to examine the impact of LULC changes on urban thermal *** study noticed that the area percentage of built-up land increased rapidly from 21.91%to 45.63%during 1991–2021,with a maximum positive change in built-up land and a maximum negative change in sparse *** mean temperature significantly increased during the study period(1991–2021),from 16.31℃to 22.48℃in winter,29.18℃to 34.61℃in summer,and 19.18℃to 27.11℃in *** result showed that impervious surfaces contribute to higher LST,whereas vegetation helps decrease *** ecological status has been found in built-up land,and excellent ecological status has been found in vegetation and water *** hot spot and cold spot areas shifted their locations every decade due to random LULC *** after New Town Kolkata became a smart city,high LST has been ***,this study indicated that urbanization and changes in LULC patterns can influence the urban thermal environment,and appropriate planning is needed to reduce *** study can help policy-makers create sustainable smart cities.

关键词： Urbanization Land use/land cover (LULC)changes Land surface temperature Urban heat island Hotspot analysis Smart city

Modelling of debris-flow susceptibility and propagation: a case study from Northwest Himalaya

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Journal of Mountain Science 2024年第1期21卷 200-217页

作者： Hamza DAUD Javed Iqbal TANOLI sardar Muhammad ASIF Muhammad QASIM Muhammad ALI Junaid KHAN Zahid Imran BHATTI Ishtiaq Ahmad Khan JADOON Badong National Observation and Research Station of Geohazards China University of GeosciencesWuhan 430074China Department of Earth Sciences COMSATS University IslamabadAbbottabad Campus 22010Pakistan Department of Earth Sciences Sultan Qaboos UniversityAl-KhoudMascat 123Oman Faculty of Engineering China University of Geosciences(Wuhan)Wuhan 430074China Department of Earth Sciences Abbottabad University of Science and TechnologyHavelian 22500Pakistan

The geological and geographical position of the Northwest Himalayas makes it a vulnerable area for mass movements particularly landslides and debris flows. Mass movements have had a substantial impact on the study area which is extending along Karakorum Highway(KKH) from Besham to Chilas. Intense seismicity, deep gorges, steep terrain and extreme climatic events trigger multiple mountain hazards along the KKH, among which debris flow is recognized as the most destructive geohazard. This study aims to prepare a field-based debris flow inventory map at a regional scale along a 200 km stretch from Besham to Chilas. A total of 117 debris flows were identified in the field, and subsequently, a point-based debris-flow inventory and catchment delineation were performed through Arc GIS analysis. Regional scale debris flow susceptibility and propagation maps were prepared using Weighted Overlay Method(WOM) and Flow-R technique sequentially. Predisposing factors include slope, slope aspect, elevation, Topographic Roughness Index(TRI), Topographic Wetness Index(TWI), stream buffer, distance to faults, lithology rainfall, curvature, and collapsed material layer. The dataset was randomly divided into training data(75%) and validation data(25%). Results were validated through the Receiver Operator Characteristics(ROC) curve. Results show that Area Under the Curve(AUC) using WOM model is 79.2%. Flow-R propagation of debris flow shows that the 13.15%, 22.94%, and 63.91% areas are very high, high, and low susceptible to debris flow respectively. The propagation predicated by Flow-R validates the naturally occurring debris flow propagation as observed in the field surveys. The output of this research will provide valuable input to the decision makers for the site selection, designing of the prevention system, and for the protection of current infrastructure.

关键词： North Pakistan Debris flow Flow-R Propagation Susceptibility mapping Debris-flow inventory Weighted Overlay Method

Enhancement of coercivity,permeability,and dielectric properties of Co_(0.2)Zn_(0.3)Ni_(0.5)Eu_(x)Fe_(2-x)O_(4) ferrites for memory and high frequency devices

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Journal of Rare Earths 2024年第6期42卷 1128-1135,I0005页

作者： I.sardar M.D.Hossain M.S.Sikder M.N.I.Khan M.R.Rahman Physics Discipline Khulna UniversityKhulna9208Bangladesh Department of Physics Khulna University of Engineering&TechnologyKhulna9203Bangladesh Department ofComputer Science and Engineering Northern University of Business&Technology KhulnaKhulna9100Bangladesh Material Science Division Atomic Energy CentreDhaka1000Bangladesh

Spinel cubic ferrites have huge applications in me mory and high frequency *** the improvement of these modern devices,the magnetic coercivity,permeability,and dielectric properties of a ferrite are the important *** article focuses on improving the magnetic coercivity,magnetic permeability,and dielectric properties of Co_(0.2)Zn_(0.3)Ni_(0.5)Eu_(x)Fe_(2-x)O_(4) ferrites,where x=0.00,0.06,and *** X-ray diffraction(XRD),Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy(FTIR),field emission scanning electron microscopy(FESEM),energy dispersive X-ray(EDX),vibrating sample magnetometer(VSM),and an impedance analyzer were used to characterize the structural,magnetic,and dielectric properties of the *** XRD patterns indicate the formation of spinel cubic structure of the samples with a secondary peak(EuFeO_(3))for Eu doped *** densities and porosities of the samples follow an inverse trend,where the doped samples’lattice parameters are increased with the increment of rare earth Eu *** FTIR analysis also proves the spinel cubic phase of the *** average grain size of the ferrites is obtained via FESEM images,and it is increased from 121 to 198 *** analysis confirms that doping of the Eu content also changes other hysteresis loop properties of Co_(0.2)Zn_(0.3)Ni_(0.5)Eu_(x)Fe_(2-x)O_(4) ***,the coercivity of the Eu doped samples is greater than that of the mother alloy(x=0.00).The EDX study shows that there is no impurity contamination in the *** permeability and dielectric measurements show an improved quality factor of the Eu-doped samples with low magnetic and dielectric *** dependent resistivity and impedance analysis also show the improved *** the observed properties of the samples,all the investigated ferrites might be strong candidates for potential applications in memory devices,magnetic sensors,and high frequency applications.

关键词： Ferrites Raree arths Coercivity Permeability EDX Resistivity

Distribution of antibiotic resistant bacteria in different soil types following manure application

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Soil Ecology Letters 2024年第2期6卷 137-148页

作者： Tingting Song Muhammad Fahad sardar Xuerong Wang Binxu Li Zhuoyi Zhang Dimei Wu Changxiong Zhu Hongna Li College of Engineering Jilin Normal UniversitySiping136000China Institute of Environment and Sustainable Development in Agriculture Chinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesBeijing100081China Beijing General Station of Animal Husbandry Beijing100081China College of Environment Science and Engineering Hebei University of Science and TechnologyShijiazhuang050000China

ARB was investigated in different soil types following manure ***-manure induced more resistance of soil indigenous microbes in fluvo-aquic ***,Dyella,Ralstonia,and Bacillus were the key different *** control is an ef... 详细信息

关键词： chlortetracycline-resistant bacteria(CRB) soil types manure application fluvo-aquic soil LEfSe analysis

A Game-Theoretic Approach to Safe Crowd Evacuation in Emergencies

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2024年第4期79卷 1631-1657页

作者： Maria Gul Imran Ali Khan Gohar Zaman Atta Rahman Jamaluddin Mir sardar Asad Ali Biabani May IssaAldossary Mustafa Youldash Ashraf Saadeldeen Maqsood Mahmud Asiya Abdus Salam Dania Alkhulaifi Abdullah AlTurkey31Department of Computer Science COMSATS University IslamabadAbbottabad CampusAbbottabad22010Pakistan Department of Computer Science Abbottabad University of Science and TechnologyAbbottabad22010Pakistan Department of Computer Science College of Computer Science and Information TechnologyImam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal UniversityP.O.Box 1982Dammam31441Saudi Arabia Science and Technology Unit Umm Al-Qura UniversityMakkah21955Saudi Arabia Deanship of Scientific Research Umm Al-Qura UniversityMakkah21955Saudi Arabia Department of Computer Information Systems College of Computer Science and Information TechnologyImam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal UniversityP.O.Box 1982Dammam31441Saudi Arabia Department of Computer Engineering College of Computer Science and Information TechnologyImam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal UniversityP.O.Box 1982Dammam31441Saudi Arabia Department of Computer Science Faculty of Computer Science and Information TechnologyOmdurman Islamic UniversityOmdurman14415Sudan Business Analytic Program Department of Management and MarketingCollege of Business AdministrationUniversity of BahrainSakhir32038Bahrain

Obstacle removal in crowd evacuation is critical to safety and the evacuation system efficiency. Recently, manyresearchers proposed game theoreticmodels to avoid and remove obstacles for crowd evacuation. Game theoreticalmodels aim to study and analyze the strategic behaviors of individuals within a crowd and their interactionsduring the evacuation. Game theoretical models have some limitations in the context of crowd evacuation. Thesemodels consider a group of individuals as homogeneous objects with the same goals, involve complex mathematicalformulation, and cannot model real-world scenarios such as panic, environmental information, crowds that movedynamically, etc. The proposed work presents a game theoretic model integrating an agent-based model to removethe obstacles from exits. The proposed model considered the parameters named: (1) obstacle size, length, andwidth, (2) removal time, (3) evacuation time, (4) crowd density, (5) obstacle identification, and (6) route *** proposed work conducts various experiments considering different conditions, such as obstacle types, obstacleremoval, and several obstacles. Evaluation results show the proposed model’s effectiveness compared with existingliterature in reducing the overall evacuation time, cell selection, and obstacle removal. The study is potentially usefulfor public safety situations such as emergency evacuations during disasters and calamities.

关键词： Safe crowd evacuation public safety emergency transition probability cooperation

Confidential computing and related technologies:a critical review

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Cybersecurity 2023年第4期6卷 26-32页

作者： Muhammad Usama sardar Christof Fetzer Faculty of Computer Science Technische Universität DresdenDresdenGermany

This research critically reviews the definition of confidential computing(CC)and the security comparison of CC with other related technologies by the Confidential Computing Consortium(CCC).We demonstrate that the definitions by CCC are ambiguous,incomplete and even *** also demonstrate that the security comparison of CC with other technologies is neither scientific nor *** highlight the issues in the definitions and comparisons and provide initial recommendations for fixing the *** recommendations are the first step towards more precise definitions and reliable comparisons in the future.

关键词： Confidential Computing(CC) Trusted Execution Environment(TEE) Homomorphic Encryption(HE) Trusted Platform Module(TPM) Formal methods

DFT studies of thermoelectric properties of R-Au intermetallics at 300 K

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Journal of Rare Earths 2018年第2期36卷 197-202页

作者： sardar Ahmad Rashid Ahmad Muhammad bilal Najeeb Ur Rehman Center for Computational Materials Science University of Malakand Department of Chemistry University of Malakand Department of Physics University of Malakand

Thermoelectric and electronic properties of cubic bi-intermetallics R-Au（R = Tb, Ho. Er. Tm and Yb）compounds were explored. Electronic properties i.e. density of states and band structure were computed using first principles calculations which proved the metallic nature of these compounds. Post-DFT（BoltzTraP） calculations were carried out to explore their thermoelectric properties like electrical conductivities. Seebeck coefficient, electronic thermal conductivities and figure of merit. The highest Seebeck coefficient and figure of merit were found for YbAu among these compounds which are 105 μV/K and 0.285 respectively. All the calculations were carried out at 300 K. Large values of figure of merit obtained for these compounds at room temperature indicate that these materials can be used for thermoelectric devices however need experimental verification.

关键词： DFT Seebeck coefficient Figure of merit Thermal conductivity Electrical conductivity R-Au

A single-phase full-color phosphor Sr_(2)Ca_(2)La(PO_(4))_(3)O:Eu^(2+),Tb^(3+),Mn^(2+):Photoluminescence and energy transfer

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Journal of Rare Earths 2022年第4期40卷 541-550,I0002页

作者： Ju Cheng Xintian Bian Zhangyin Zhai Maryam sardar Jian Lu School of Physics and Electronic Electrical Engineering Huaiyin Normal UniversityHuai'an 223001China School of Science Nanjing University of Science and TechnologyNanjing 210094China

A single-phase full-color emitting phosphor Sr_(2)Ca_(2)La(PO_(4))_(3)O:Eu^(2+),Tb^(3+),Mn^(2+) was synthesized by the high temperature solid-state *** phase formation,luminescence properties,thermal stability,and energy transfer from Eu^(2+)to Tb^(3+) and Eu^(2+)to Mn^(2+) in Sr_(2)Ca_(2)La(PO_(4))_(3)O were investigated in *** emission color from blue to blueish green or orange can be observed under 365 nm near-ultraviolet excitation based on the energy transfer from Eu^(2+) to Tb^(3+)or Mn^(2+) ions by varying the ratio of Eu^(2+)/Tb^(3+)or Eu^(2+)/Mn^(2+) *** light was obtained with chromaticity coordinates of(0.3558,0.3500)in the Sr_(2)Ca_(2)La(PO_(4))_(3)O:0.04Eu^(2+),0.08Tb^(3+),0.40Mn^(2+) phosphor,suggesting their potential applications in white light emitting diodes.

关键词： Phosphors Energy transfer Photoluminescence properties White light-emitting diodes Rare earths