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空中英语教室（高级版．彭蒙惠英语） 2024年第7期 32-33,48,49页

作者： sarah Bregel 不详

我们早就怀疑电视对幼儿不好,但现在有了证据——而且可能比我们想象的还糟。一项新的研究指出,对于两岁以下的孩子来说,观看电视的时间,无论长短,都可能导致出现感觉差异,例如在幼儿期孤独症谱系障碍中出现的那些差异《美国医学会杂志... 详细信息

我们早就怀疑电视对幼儿不好,但现在有了证据——而且可能比我们想象的还糟。一项新的研究指出,对于两岁以下的孩子来说,观看电视的时间,无论长短,都可能导致出现感觉差异,例如在幼儿期孤独症谱系障碍中出现的那些差异《美国医学会杂志》的研究显示.

关键词：孤独症谱系障碍感觉障碍《美国医学会杂志》幼儿期看电视

Wind Turbine Noise reduction through Blade retrofitting

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Open Journal of Modelling and Simulation 2024年第3期12卷 75-88页

作者： sarah Seevers robin Ward Scotty Hutto Darryl House Nick Zelenka Manuel Perea Daniel Fonseca Department of Mechanical Engineering The University of Alabama Tuscaloosa USA

This paper outlines a plan for the effective reduction of the audible sound level produced by aerodynamic noise from the power-generating turbine blades. The contribution of aerodynamic noise can be divided into two categories: inflow turbulence and airfoil self-noise. The base model and retrofit blade designs were modeled in SolidWorks. Subsequently, noise prediction simulations were conducted and compared to the base blade model to determine which modification provided the greatest benefit using SolidWorks Flow Simulation. The result of this project is a series of blade retrofit recommendations that produce a more acoustically efficient design and reduce noise complaints while enabling turbines to be placed in locations that require quieter operations.

关键词： Wind Turbine Noise Blade retrofitting Aerodynamic Noise Electricity Generation

Patients’experiences with‘sludge’(administrative burden)in the cancer screening process and its relationship with screening completion,experience and health system distrust

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Family Medicine and Community Health 2024年第S2期12卷 8-17页

作者： Michelle S rockwell Brianna Chang Vivian Zagarese Jamie K Turner Ally Southworth YingXing Wu Paul Yeaton Li Li Jeffrey S Stein sarah H Parker John W Epling Department of Family and Community Medicine Virginia Tech Carilion School of MedicineRoanokeVirginiaUSA Department of Family and Community Medicine Carilion ClinicRoanokeVirginiaUSA Virginia Tech Carilion School of Medicine RoanokeVirginiaUSA Department of Health Systems and Implementation Science Virginia Tech Carilion School of MedicineRoanokeVirginiaUSA Graduate Program in Translational Biology Medicineand HealthVirginia TechRoanokeVirginiaUSA Health Analytics research Team Carilion ClinicRoanokeVirginiaUSA Division of Gastroenterology Department of Internal MedicineCarilion ClinicRoanokeVirginiaUSA Department of Family Medicine University of Virginia School of MedicineCharlottesvilleVirginiaUSA Center for Health Behaviors research Fralin Biomedical Research Institute at VTCRoanokeVirginiaUSA

Objective‘Sludge’refers to administrative burdens or frictions that preclude people from getting what they want or need(eg,duplicative forms,complicated instructions,long waiting times).This mixed methods study evaluated patients’perceptions of sludge in the colorectal cancer(CrC)screening process and some impacts of this *** We employed an exploratory sequential mixed methods study design that comprised patient interviews and a patient *** interviews informed final survey revisions and captured contextual data about patients’experiences with *** transcripts were inductively and deductively analysed to identify overarching *** survey quantified sludge,delayed or forgone screenings,screening experience(Net Promoter Score)and health system distrust(Health System Distrust Scale).We usedχ2 or t-tests for univariable comparisons and logistic or linear regressions to evaluate the association between cumulative sludge score and delayed or forgone screenings,screening experience and health system *** were integrated for *** Southeastern United *** Patients who were 45–75 years of age,at average risk for CrC and had either completed or been referred for CrC screening(colonoscopy or stool-based test)within the previous 12 *** 22 interview participants and 255 survey participants completed the study.38(15%)survey participants rated their screening experience as poor(Net Promoter Score=0–7 out of 10).The mean(SD)Health System Distrust Scale score was 22.4(6.3)out of 45 possible points(higher score=greater distrust).Perceptions of sludge in the CrC screening process varied,with long waiting times and burdensome communication being the most common sources(58%and 35%of participants,respectively).Sludge was positively associated with delayed or forgone screenings(Or=1.42,95%CI 1.28,1.57,pr screening experience(Or=1.15,95%CI 1.04,1.28,p=0.009)and health system distrust(β=0.47,p

关键词： sludge screening burden

Honey vesicle-like nanoparticles protect aged liver from non-alcoholic steatohepatitis

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Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica B 2024年第8期14卷 3661-3679页

作者： Baolong Liu Phuong Linh Nguyen Han Yu Xingzhi Li Huiren Wang Tram Gia Bao Nguyen Prakash Kumar Sahoo Meghna Sur Jay reddy sarah Sillman Stephen D.Kachman Bara Altartouri Guoqing Lu Sathish Kumar Natarajan Mahesh Pattabiraman Jiujiu Yu Department of Nutrition and Health Sciences University of Nebraska-LincolnLincolnNE 68583USA Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for Agriculture College of Animal Science and TechnologyNorthwest A&F UniversityYangling 712100China Department of Nutrition Case Western Reserve UniversityClevelandOH 44106USA School of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences University of Nebraska-LincolnLincolnNE 68583USA Department of Statistics University of Nebraska-LincolnLincolnNE 68583USA Center for Biotechnology University of Nebraska-LincolnLincolnNE 68588USA Department of Biology University of Nebraska OmahaOmahaNE 68182USA Department of Chemistry University of Nebraska-KearneyKearneyNE 68849USA

Non-alcoholic steatohepatitis(NASH),an advanced form of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease(NAFLD),has emerged as the leading cause of liver failure and related ***,no medication is specifically approved to treat NAFLD or *** we report that oral administration of honey vesiclelike nanoparticles(H-VLNs)to naturally aged mice protects the liver from NASH development.H-VLNs are dominantly taken up by Kupffer cells in the liver and suppress hepatic chronic inflammation and further development of fibrosis and nodule formation in aged *** their reported antiinflammasome function,H-VLNs are found to inhibit the transcriptional activities of C-JUN and nuclear factor-kappa B(NF-κB).MicrorNAs mir5119 and mir5108 and phenolic compound luteolin in H-VLNs are identified in suppressing both the C-JUN and NF-kB ***,oral intake of H-VLNs represents a promising new user-friendly modality to prevent the development of NASH.

关键词： Honey Extracellular vesicles Exosomes Nanoparticles microrNAs Aging Inflammation Non-alcoholic steatohepatitis

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天地万物守护海洋中与陆地上的动物

空中英语教室（高级版．彭蒙惠英语） 2024年第3期 28-30,46,47页

作者： sarah-Mae McCullough 不详

如何在普吉特海湾友善地赏鲸,要去哪里赏鲸是游客询问有关西雅图的热门问题之一。一年内,虎鲸、座头鲸、小须鲸、灰鲸纷纷通过普吉特海湾,西雅图人不用走远就能看到。

关键词：灰鲸小须鲸天地万物西雅图普吉动物海湾

Social determinants of gastrointestinal malformation mortality in Brazil:a national study

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World Journal of Pediatric Surgery 2024年第2期7卷 134-141页

作者： Ayla Gerk Amanda rosendo Luiza Telles Aricia Gomes Miranda Madeleine Carroll Bruna Oliveira Trindade sarah Bueno Motter Esther Freire Gabriella Hyman Julia Ferreira Fabio Botelho roseanne Ferreira David P Mooney Joaquim Bustorff-Silva Program in Global Surgery and Social Change Harvard Medical SchoolBostonMassachusettsUSA Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences McGill UniversityMontrealQuebecCanada Harvey E.Beardmore Division of Pediatric Surgery The Montreal Children's HospitalMcGill University Health CentreMontrealQuebecCanada Department of Surgery Universidade Estadual de Campinas(UNICAMP)CampinasBrazil Instituto de Educação Médica(IDOMED/Estácio Campus Vista Carioca)Rio de JaneiroBrazil Faculty of Medicine Universidade Federal do Delta do ParnaibaParnaibaPiauiBrazil Universidade Federal de Ciencias da Saude de Porto Alegre Porto AlegreBrazil Universidade Federal da Bahia SalvadorBrazil Department of Health research Methods McMaster UniversityHamiltonSouthern OntarioCanada Department of Pediatric Surgery Boston Children's HospitalBostonMassachusettsUSA

Introduction In Brazil,approximately 5%are born with a congenital disorder,potentially fatal without *** study aims to evaluate the relationship between gastrointestinal congenital malformation(GICM)mortality,health indicators,and socioeconomic factors in *** GICM admissions(Q39-Q45)between 2012 and 2019 were collected using national *** demographics,socioeconomic factors,clinical management,outcomes,and the healthcare workforce density were also accounted *** Surgical Workforce density and the number of neonatal intensive care units in a region were extracted from national datasets and combined to create a clinical index termed'NeoSurg'.Socioeconomic variables were combined to create a socioeconomic index termed SocEcon'.Simple linear regression was used to investigate if the temporal changes of both indexes were *** correlation between mortality and the different indicators in Brazil was evaluated using Pearson's correlation *** Over 8 years,Brazil recorded 12804 GICM *** Southeast led with 6147 cases,followed by the Northeast(2660),South(1727),North(1427),and Midwest(843).The North and Northeast reported the highest mortality,lowest NeoSurg,and SocEcon Index ***,mortality rates declined across regions from 7.7%(2012)to 3.9%(2019),a 51.7%*** North and Midwest experienced the most substantial reductions,at 63%and 75%,*** significantly correlated with the indexes in nearly all regions(pr study highlights the correlation between social determinants of health and GICM mortality in Brazil,using two novel indexes in the pediatric *** findings provide an opportunity to rethink and discuss new indicators that could enhance our understanding of our country and could lead to the development of necessary solutions to tackle existing challenges in Brazil and globally.

关键词： Northeast Brazil globally

Incidence and predictors of hypocalcemia in end-stage renal disease patients on denosumab therapy: A systematic review and metaanalysis

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World Journal of Meta-Analysis 2024年第3期12卷 68-78页

作者： Abdul Hannan Siddiqui Misbah Shaikh Afia Salman Muhammad Ahmed Ali Fahim Fizzah Batool Tahreem Mari sarah Musani Muneeb Fareed rooma rehan Amna Hassni Urooj Nizami Ayesha Amir Abdul Moeed Salim r Surani Department of Internal Medicine Dow University of Health SciencesKarachi 74200SindhPakistan Department of Medicine&Pharmacology Texas A&M UniversityCollege StationTX 77843United States

BACKGrOUND Denosumab inhibits the receptor activator of nuclear factor *** markedly increases bone mineral density and has been proven to reduce the risk of ***,numerous adverse effects,notably hypocalcemia,are prevalent in patients with end-stage renal disease(ESrD).AIM To analyze the incidence and predictors of hypocalcemia caused by denosumab compared to control in patients with *** We conducted this study in accordance with the Preferred reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-analyses ***,Scopus,Cochrane Central,and EMBASE were systematically searched from inception through March *** original studies investigating the effects of denosumab on patients with ESrD compared to control were *** primary outcomes of our study were the incidence of mild,severe,and very severe *** outcomes included serum levels of intact parathyroid hormone,calcium,and *** results were pooled and analyzed using a random-effects *** Seven articles comprising 3240 patients were included in our *** treated with denosumab had a significantly increased incidence of mild hypocalcemia[risk ratio(rr):2.79;95%confidence interval(CI):0.99-7.91;P=0.05;I^(2)=37%]and of very severe hypocalcemia(rr:9.58;95%CI:1.58-57.98;P=0.01;I^(2)=49%).However,an increase in the occurrence of severe hypocalcemia was non-significant(rr:4.23;95%CI:0.47-38.34;P=0.20;I^(2)=96%).Alternatively,denosumab showed a significant decrease in serum intact parathyroid hormone[mean difference(MD):-433.20,95%CI:-775.12 to-91.28,I2=98%,P=0.01],while there was a non-significant decrease in phosphate(MD:-0.47,95%CI:-1.35 to 0.41,I^(2)=88%,P=0.30)and calcium levels(MD:-0.33,95%CI:-0.95 to 0.29,I^(2)=94%,P=0.29).CONCLUSION Our study demonstrated that denosumab is significantly associated with mild and very severe hypocalcemia in patients with ESrD making it necessary to detect and prevent this side effect of treatmen

关键词： Denosumab End-stage renal disease Hypocalcemia Parathyroid hormone Dialysis

Protocol for the development and validation of a clinical measurement tool for fear of disease progression and recurrence in cardiac patients

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Chronic Diseases and Translational Medicine 2024年第3期10卷 195-204页

作者： sarah T.Clarke Michael Le Grande Barbara M.Murphy robert Hester Alun C.Jackson Melbourne School of Psychological Sciences University of MelbourneParkvilleVictoriaAustralia Australian Centre for Heart Health MelbourneVictoriaAustralia Centre on Behavioral Health University of Hong KongPokfulamHong KongChina

Introduction: One in two cardiac patients fear having another heart event or their heart condition getting worse. research in other chronic illnesses demonstrates that screening for fear of progression and recurrence is vital for adequately addressing such concerns in clinical care. The current project aims to develop and validate a measure for fear of progression and recurrence in cardiac ***: The Fear of Cardiac recurrence and Progression Scale (FCrP) will be developed through a multistep process. An initial item pool will be generated through a review of the literature and existing measures and consultation with and feedback from key informants. The item pool will be tested in a sample of over 250 adults who have ever had an acute coronary event, undergone cardiac surgery, or a chronic cardiac condition. Exploratory factor analysis will be used to identify the underlying factors, and rasch analysis will be used to reduce the number of items. A short form version of the FCrP will be developed for use as a brief screening tool, informed by clinical relevance and rasch psychometric ***: While many cardiac patients experience fears related to the progression or recurrence of their illness, there remains the need for a validated tool with which these concerns can be identified and measured. It is expected that the design and validation of the FCrP will aid identification of cardiac patients suffering from clinically significant levels of fear of progression and recurrence and facilitate the design of tailored psychological interventions to target these fears.

关键词： anxiety cardiac anxiety cardiac recovery cardiac rehabilitation depression fear of progression fear of recurrence psychological measurement psychosocial screening

Evaluating the role of 7-Tesla magnetic resonance imaging in neurosurgery: Trends in literature since clinical approval

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World Journal of radiology 2024年第7期16卷 274-293页

作者： Arosh S Perera Molligoda Arachchige sarah Meuli Francesca romana Centini Niccolò Stomeo Federica Catapano Letterio S Politi Faculty of Medicine Humanitas UniversityPieve EmanueleMilan 20072Italy Department of Anaesthesiology and Intensive Care IRCCS Humanitas Research HospitalVia Manzoni 56RozzanoMilan 20089Italy Department of Biomedical Sciences Humanitas Universityvia Rita Levi Montalcini 420090 Pieve Emanuele-MilanItaly IrCCS Humanitas research Hospital Via Manzoni 5620089 Rozzano-MilanItaly Department of Neuroradiology IRCCS Humanitas Research HospitalVia Manzoni 56RozzanoMilan 20089Italy

BACKGrOUND After approval for clinical use in 2017,early investigations of ultra-high-field abdominal magnetic resonance imaging(MrI)have demonstrated its feasibility as well as diagnostic capabilities in ***,there are no to few systematic reviews covering the entirety of its neurosurgical applications as well as the trends in the literature with regard to the aforementioned *** To assess the impact of 7-Tesla MrI(7T MrI)on neurosurgery,focusing on its applications in diagnosis,treatment planning,and postoperative assessment,and to systematically analyze and identify patterns and trends in the existing literature related to the utilization of 7T MrI in neurosurgical *** A systematic search of PubMed was conducted for studies published between January 1,2017,and December 31,2023,using MeSH terms related to 7T MrI and *** inclusion criteria were:Studies involving patients of all ages,meta-analyses,systematic reviews,and original *** exclusion criteria were:Pre-prints,studies with insufficient data(e.g.,case reports and letters),non-English publications,and studies involving animal *** synthesis involved standardized extraction forms,and a narrative synthesis was *** We identified 219 records from PubMed within our defined period,with no duplicates or exclusions before *** screening,125 articles were excluded for not meeting inclusion criteria,leaving 94 *** these,2 were irrelevant to neurosurgery and 7 were animal studies,resulting in 85 studies included in our systematic *** were categorized by neurosurgical procedures and diseases treated using 7T *** also analyzed publications by country and the number of 7T MrI facilities per country was also ***-mental studies were classified into comparison and non-comparison studies based on whether 7T MrI was compared to lower field *** 7T MrI holds great potential in improving the

关键词： 7-Tesla Magnetic resonance imaging Neuroimaging Neurosurgery Pathologies Procedures Trends

Using intersectional gender analysis to identify challenges in tuberculosis care at four health care facilities in Uganda

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Infectious Diseases of Poverty 2024年第1期13卷 91-91页

作者： Winters Muttamba Samson Omongot Irene Najingo roseline Nuwarinda Esther Buregyeya Mariam Otmani del Barrio rosemary Morgan Bruce Kirenga sarah Ssali Makerere University Lung Institute Makerere University Kampala Uganda Division of Infection and Global Health School of Medicine University of St Andrews St. Andrews UK Infectious Disease Institute Makerere University Kampala Uganda School of Public Health Makerere University Kampala Uganda UNICEF UNDP/World Bank/WHO Special Programme for Research and Training in Tropical Diseases (TDR) World Health Organization Geneva Switzerland Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health Baltimore MD USA School of Women and Gender Studies Makerere University Kampala Uganda

Background Tuberculosis(TB)care could be considered as a continuum from symptom recognition,decision to seek care,diagnosis,treatment initiation and treatment completion,with care along the continuum influenced by several *** dimensions could influence TB care,and indeed,more men than women are diagnosed with TB each *** study was done to identify social stratifiers that intersect with gender to influence TB *** A cross-sectional qualitative study was done at four health facilities in 3 districts in central Uganda between October 2020 and December *** was collected from patients seeking a diagnosis or on TB treat-ment through focus group discussions and key informant *** themes around gender guided by a gender and intersectionality lens were developed and thereafter thematic content analysis was *** Women have increased vulnerability to TB due to bio mass exposure through roles like *** have increased access to health care services as they interface with the health care system frequently given their role as child bearers and child care *** have a duty to provide for their families and this most often is prioritised over healthcare seeking,and together with belief that they are powerful beings leads to poor healthcare seeking hab-its and delays in healthcare *** on when and where to seek care were not straightforward for women,who most often rely on their husbands/partners to make *** Men and women experience challenges to TB care,and that these challenges are deeply rooted in roles assigned to them and further compounded by *** challenges need to be addressed through intersec-tional gender responsive interventions if TB control is to be improved.

关键词： Tuberculosis Gender Intersectionality Masculinity