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Oryza CLIMtools:A genome–environment association resource reveals adaptive roles for heterotrimeric G proteins in the regulation of rice agronomic traits

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Plant Communications 2024年第4期5卷 145-165页

作者： Angel Ferrero-Serrano David Chakravorty Kobie j.Kirven sarah M.Assmann Biology Department Pennsylvania State University208 Mueller LaboratoryUniversity ParkPA 16802USA Intercollege Graduate Degree Program in Bioinformatics and Genomics Pennsylvania State University208 Mueller LaboratoryUniversity ParkPA 16802USA

Modern crop varieties display a degree of mismatch between their current distributions and the suitability of the local climate for their *** address this issue,we present Oryza CLIMtools(https://***/CLIMtools/oryza_v1.0/),thefirst resource for pan-genome prediction of climate-associated genetic variants in a crop *** CLIMtools consists of interactive web-based databases that enable the user to(1)explore the local environments of traditional rice varieties(landraces)in South-East Asia and(2)investigate the environment by genome associations for 658 Indica and 283 japonica rice landrace accessions collected from georeferenced local environments and included in the 3K Rice Ge-nomes *** demonstrate the value of these resources by identifying an interplay betweenflowering time and temperature in the local environment that is facilitated by adaptive natural variation in OsHD2 and disrupted by a natural variant in *** quantitative trait locus analysis has suggested the impor-tance of heterotrimeric G proteins in the control of agronomic ***,we analyzed the climate associations of natural variants in the different heterotrimeric G protein *** identified a coordi-nated role of G proteins in adaptation to the prevailing potential evapotranspiration gradient and revealed their regulation of key agronomic traits,including plant height and seed and panicle *** conclude by highlighting the prospect of targeting heterotrimeric G proteins to produce climate-resilient crops.

关键词： Oryza sativa rice G by E adaptation flowering time GWAS OsHD2 OsSOC1 heterotrimeric G pro-tein OsRGA1 d1 OsGS3 OsDEP1 OsGGC2

Management of monogenic diabetes in pregnancy:A narrative review

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World journal of Diabetes 2024年第1期15卷 15-23页

作者： Mohammad Sadiq jeeyavudeen sarah R Murray Mark W j Strachan Metabolic Unit Western General HospitalEdinburgh EH42XUUnited Kingdom MRC Centre for Reproductive Health University of Edinburgh Queen’s Medical Research InstituteEdinburgh EH164TJUnited Kingdom

Pregnancy in women with monogenic diabetes is potentially complex,with significant implications for both maternal and fetal *** these,maturity-onset diabetes of the young(MODY)stands out as a prevalent monogenic diabetes subtype frequently encountered in clinical *** subtype of MODY requires a distinct approach tailored to the pregnancy,diverging from management strategies in non-pregnant *** MODY(GCK-MODY)typically does not require treatment outside of pregnancy,but special considerations arise when a woman with GCK-MODY becomes *** glycemic targets in GCK-MODY pregnancies are not exclusively dictated by the maternal/paternal MODY genotype but are also influenced by the genotype of the developing *** pregnancy,the choice between sulfonylurea or insulin for treating hepatocyte nuclear factor 1-alpha(HNF1A)-MODY and HNF4A-MODY depends on the mother’s specific circumstances and the available *** of other rarer MODY subtypes is individu-alized,with decisions made on a case-by-case ***,a collaborative approach involving expert diabetes and obstetric teams is crucial for the compre-hensive management of MODY pregnancies.

关键词： Diabetes Pregnancy Maturity-onset diabetes of the young Insulin Sulphonylurea Glucokinase Hepatocyte nuclear factor 1-alpha,hepatocyte nuclear factor 1-beta,and hepatocyte nuclear factor 4-alpha

Design and synthesis of synthetic promoters for consistency of gene expression across growth phases and scale in ***

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Synthetic and Systems Biotechnology 2024年第2期9卷 330-339页

作者： Kristin V.Presnell Omar Melhem sarah M.Coleman Nicholas j.Morse Hal S.Alper McKetta Department of Chemical Engineering The University of Texas at Austin200E Dean Keeton St.Stop C0400AustinTX78712USA Institute for Cellular and Molecular Biology The University of Texas at Austin2500 Speedway AvenueAustinTX78712USA

Metabolic engineering and synthetic biology endeavors benefit from promoters that perform consistently(or robustly)with respect to cellular growth phase(exponential and stationary)and fermentation scale(microtiter plates,tubes,flasks,and bioreactors).However,nearly all endogenous promoters(especially in Saccharomyces cerevisiae)do not perform in this *** this work,a hybrid promoter engineering strategy is leveraged to create novel synthetic promoters with robustness across these *** a multi-dimensional RNA-seq dataset,promoters with specific phase dependencies were *** enriched with functional transcription factors were identified using MEME *** motif-containing fragments could impart activity dependence in the opposing ***,we obtain two new promoters with high and consistent expression across both phases by increasing the exponential phase activity of the starting stationary-phase scaffold by 38 and 23-fold ***,we show that these promoters function consistently across various laboratory growth scales over time in a microtiter plate and in ***,this work presents and validates a new strategy for engineering promoters in *** with high levels of expression that are robust to cellular growth phase and the scale of the culture.

关键词： endogenous synthetic stationary

Finding biomarkers of experience in animals

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journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology 2024年第3期15卷 925-944页

作者： sarah Babington Alan j.Tilbrook Shane K.Maloney jill N.Fernandes Tamsyn M.Crowley Luoyang Ding Archa H.Fox Song Zhang Elise A.Kho Daniel Cozzolino Timothy j.Mahony Dominique Blache School of Agriculture and Environment The University of Western AustraliaCrawleyWA 6009Australia Centre for Animal Science The Queensland Alliance for Agriculture and Food InnovationThe University of QueenslandSt LuciaQLD 4072Australia School of Veterinary Science The University of QueenslandGattonQLD 4343Australia School of Human Sciences The University of Western AustraliaCrawleyWA 6009Australia School of Medicine Deakin UniversityGeelongVIC 3217Australia Poultry Hub Australia University of New EnglandArmidaleNSW 2350Australia College of Animal Science and Technology Yangzhou UniversityYangzhou 225009China Centre for Nutrition and Food Sciences The Queensland Alliance for Agriculture and Food InnovationThe University of QueenslandSt LuciaQLD 4072Australia

At a time when there is a growing public interest in animal welfare,it is critical to have objective means to assess the way that an animal experiences a *** is critical to ensure appropriate animal welfare *** behavioural,physiological,and neurobiological indicators that are used to assess animal welfare can verify the absence of extremely negative *** welfare is more than an absence of negative outcomes and an appropriate indicator should reflect the full spectrum of experience of an animal,from negative to *** this review,we draw from the knowledge of human biomedical science to propose a list of candidate biological markers(biomarkers)that should reflect the experiential state of non-human *** proposed biomarkers can be classified on their main function as endocrine,oxidative stress,non-coding molecular,and thermobiological *** also discuss practical challenges that must be addressed before any of these biomarkers can become useful to assess the experience of an animal in real-life.

关键词： Animal experience Animal welfare Biomarker Stress Welfare assessment

Long-term olfactory loss post-COVID-19:Pathobiology and potential therapeutic strategies

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World journal of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery 2024年第2期10卷 148-155页

作者： sarah Kim john B.Finlay Tiffany Ko Bradley j.Goldstein Department of Head and Neck Surgery&Communication Sciences Duke UniversityDurhamNorth CarolinaUSA Medical Scientist Training Program Duke UniversityDurhamNorth CarolinaUSA Department of Neurobiology Duke UniversityDurhamNorth CarolinaUSA

An acute loss of smell emerged as a striking symptom present in roughly half of the people infected with the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2(SARS-CoV-2)virus in the early phases of the COVID-19 *** most COVID-19 patients,olfaction recovers over the course of a few ***,a lasting partial or complete loss of smell,often associated with distorted olfactory perceptions termed parosmia,has emerged as a widespread problem impacting at least 5%-10%of those who experience anosmia due to *** inability to offer effective therapies to this hyposmic or anosmic population,comprising millions of patients,highlights an enormous unmet need for the medical ***,we summarize the current understanding of the pathobiology causing acute olfactory loss due to SARS-CoV-2 infection,focusing on how the virus interacts with the peripheral olfactory system,a major site of viral *** also explore the problem of long-COVID olfactory dysfunction,which may accompany other persistent systemic disorders collectively termed postacute sequelae of ***,we discuss an emerging model focused on unresolved immune cell activity driving ongoing ***,we review current and future therapeutic approaches aimed at restoring olfactory function.

关键词： hyposmia inflammation long-COVID parosmia

A randomized controlled trial of Promoting Physical Activity in Regional and Remote Cancer Survivors(PPARCS)

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journal of Sport and Health Science 2024年第1期13卷 81-89页

作者： sarah j.Hardcastle Chloe Maxwell-Smith Vinicius Cavalheri Terry Boyle Marta Leyton Román Cameron Platell Michael Levitt Christobel Saunders Frank Sardelic Sophie Nightingale jacob McCormick Craig Lynch Paul A.Cohen Max Bulsara Dana Hince Sport and Physical Activity Research Centre Sheffield Hallam UniversitySheffieldS102BPUK Institute for Health Research The University of Notre DameFremantleWA 6959Australia Curtin School of Population Health Curtin UniversityPerthWA 6845Australia Curtin School of Allied Health Curtin UniversityPerthWA 6845Australia Allied Health South Metropolitan Health ServiceMurdochWA 6150Australia Australian Centre for Precision Health University of South AustraliaAdelaideSA 5001Australia Department of Didactics of Musical Plastic and Body ExpressionUniversity of ExtremaduraCaceres 10071Spain St.john of God Subiaco Hospital PerthWA 6008Australia Department of Surgery University of MelbourneMelbourneVIC 3010Australia Tamara Private Hospital TamworthNSW 2340Australia Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre MelbourneVIC 3000Australia College of Health and Medicine Australian National UniversityCanberraACT 2600Australia Division of Obstetrics and Gynaecology Medical SchoolUniversity of Western AustraliaPerthWA 6009Australia

Background:Physical activity(PA)is important for cancer *** of remotely delivered interventions are needed to assist in reaching under-served non-metropolitan cancer *** objective of this study was to ascertain whether wearable technology,coupled with health coaching was effective in increasing PA in breast and colorectal cancer survivors living in regional and remote areas in ***:Cancer survivors from 5 states were randomized to intervention and control *** participants were given a Fitbit Charge 2TMand received up to 6 telephone health coaching *** participants received PA print *** assessments at baseline and 12 weeks measured moderate-to-vigorous PA(MVPA),light PA,and sedentary ***:Eighty-seven participants were recruited(age=63±11 years;74(85%)female).There was a significant net improvement in MVPA of 49.8 min/week,favoring the intervention group(95%confidence interval(95%CI):13.6-86.1,p=0.007).There was also a net increase in MVPA bouts of 39.5 min/week(95%CI:11.9-67.1,p=0.005),favoring the intervention *** groups improved light PA and sedentary behavior,but there were no between-group ***:This’s the first study to demonstrate that,when compared to standard practice(i.e.,PA education),a wearable technology intervention coupled with distance-based health coaching,improves MVPA in non-metropolitan cancer *** results display promise for the use of scalable interventions using smart wearable technology in conjunction with phone-based health coaching to foster increased PA in geographically disadvantaged cancer survivors.

关键词： Behavior change Exercise Health disparities Oncology Wearable technology

Macroalgal deep genomics illuminate multiple paths to aquatic,photosynthetic multicellularity

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Molecular Plant 2024年第5期17卷 747-771页

作者： David R.Nelson Alexandra Mystikou Ashish jaiswal Cecilia Rad-Menendez Michael j.Preston Frederik De Boever Diana C.El Assal sarah Daakour Michael W.Lomas jean-Claude Twizere David H.Green William C.Ratcliff Kourosh Salehi-Ashtiani Division of Science and Math New York University Abu DhabiAbu DhabiUAE Center for Genomics and Systems Biology(CGSB) New York University Abu DhabiAbu DhabiUAE Biotechnology Research Center Technology Innovation InstitutePO Box 9639Masdar CityAbu DhabiUAE Culture Collection of Algae and Protozoa Scottish Association for Marine ScienceObanScotlandUK National Center for Marine Algae and Microbiota Bigelow Laboratory for Ocean SciencesEast BoothbayMEUSA Laboratory of Viral Interactomes GIGA InstituteUniversity of LiegeLiegeBelgium School of Biological Sciences Georgia Institute of TechnologyAtlantaGAUSA

Macroalgae are multicellular,aquatic autotrophs that play vital roles in global climate maintenance and have diverse applications in biotechnology and eco-engineering,which are directly linked to their multicellularity ***,their genomic diversity and the evolutionary mechanisms underlying multicellularity in these organisms remain *** this study,we sequenced 110 macroalgal genomes from diverse climates and phyla,and identified key genomic features that distinguish them from their microalgal *** for cell adhesion,extracellular matrix formation,cell polarity,transport,and cell differentiation distinguish macroalgae from microalgae across all three major phyla,constituting conserved and unique gene sets supporting multicellular *** genes show phylum-and climate-specific expansions that may facilitate niche ***,our study reveals genetic determinants of convergent and divergent evolutionary trajectories that have shaped morphological diversity in macroalgae and provides genome-wide frameworks to understand photosynthetic multicellular evolution in aquatic environments.

关键词： macroalgae multicellularity comparative genomics evolution adhesome endogenous viral elements

Exploring the Prevalence and Contributing Factors of Depression among Sickle Cell Anemia Patients in Saudi Arabia’s jazan Region

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International journal of Mental Health Promotion 2024年第5期26卷 351-359页

作者： Abdullah A.Alharbi Ahmad Y.Alqassim Mohammed A.Muaddi Najat H.Aldubayyan Rana I.Abuhadi Futon A.Akoor sarah j.Mobarki Imtenan A.Oberi Ghaidaa H.Alharbi Yara Ajeebi Adnan M.Alkhayat Hafiz Malhan Mohammed Bakkar Anwar M.Makeen Family and Community Medicine Department Faculty of MedicineJazan UniversityJazan45142Saudi Arabia Laboratory Department King Fahd Central HospitalMinistry of HealthJazan45142Saudi Arabia Internal Medicine Department Prince Mohammad bin Nasser HospitalMinistry of HealthJazan45142Saudi Arabia Hematology Department King AbdulAziz Medical City for National GuardRiyadh11426Saudi Arabia

Sickle Cell Anemia(SCA)is a prevalent genetic condition in Saudi Arabia,particularly in the jazan *** study’s purpose was to assess the prevalence of de-pression among individuals with SCA in this area and to identify the factors associated with this *** study involved 391 adult participants,all patients in the hematology center of Prince Mohammed bin Nasser Hospital(PMNH).Data was collected through an anonymous interview questionnaire–the Arabic version of the Patient Health Questionnaire-9(PHQ-9)–between March–May *** questionnaire covered socio-demographic information and variables related to the participant’s SCA history,such as pain levels,frequency of pain,hospitalization duration,and frequency of blood *** variables underwent Chi-square and One-way ANOVA testing,followed by multivariate *** study found a 42%prevalence of depression among the SCA *** significantly linked with heightened depression levels included being widowed or divorced,experiencing frequent and severe pain,and longer duration of hospital *** educational level of at least a bachelor’s degree was also a significant *** study reveals a high prevalence of depression among SCA patients in the jazan *** underscores the need for policymakers to educate both physicians and patients about the importance of mental health in SCA *** study also highlights the need for more research into the specific causes and effects of depressive symptoms in SCA patients to inform the creation of effective management plans.

关键词： Sickle cell anemia prevalence depression public health policy jazan region Saudi Arabia

Collecting Ophiocordyceps sinensis:an emerging livelihood strategy in the Garhwal,Indian Himalaya

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journal of Mountain Science 2017年第2期14卷 390-402页

作者： Laura CAPLINS sarah j.HALVORSON Department of Society and Conservation College of Forestry and ConservationUniversity of MontanaMissoulaMontana59812USA Department of Geography College of Arts and SciencesUniversity of MontanaMissoulaMontana59812USA

In the Garhwal of Uttarakhand, India, the Bhotiya, an ethnically and culturally distinct tribal group, were historically engaged in seasonal migration(i.e. transhumance) to take advantage of scarce mountain resources and trade relations with Tibet. This livelihood practice has all but *** are adapting to these changing circumstances by engaging in the collection and sale of the valuable alpine medicinal fungus Ophiocordyceps sinensis, widely known as Cordyceps. The collection of this fungus has exploded, emerging as a lucrative yet high-risk livelihood strategy for many Bhotiya *** Bhotiyas' historic herding and trade-based interactions and knowledge of these alpine environments where Cordyceps are found uniquely positions them to access this valuable biological resource. Elsewhere in the Himalayan region, some households are earning as much as two-thirds of their income from the collection of Cordyceps; in China Cordyceps is now listed as an endangered species due to intense over-exploitation in the Tibetan *** paper seeks to fill the void in the scientific literature on the social, ecological and economic aspects of the emerging Cordyceps trade in the Garhwal. Our study investigates the socio-spatial dimensions of Cordyceps collection in the high alpine meadows. We document how a fusion of local knowledge and practice with alpine mountain systems has served to reinvigorate the economic integrity of mountain communities at a time of rapid socioeconomic change and to reimagine a new relationship between alpine resources and community *** article offers suggestions to address the sustainability of both Cordyceps collection and livelihood activities which hinge on this fungus population. We find a need for(1) community-based conservation measures that are rooted in(2) secure resource access rights for local communities to continue sustainable collection and sale of Cordyceps and(3) participatory-and science-based proc

关键词： Cordyceps ( Ophiocordyceps sinensis) Garhwal Himalaya Livelihood Alpine meadows Bhotiya Sustainability