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18th International Conference on high Pressure Science and Technology

作者： sarah h.tolbert Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry University of California at Los AngelesLos Angeles California 90095USA

＜正＞The search for materials that are light but mechanically robust has historically focused on organic-based materials such as polymers or carbon fiber composites. While remarkable strength and elasticity can be generated in these materials, stability at extreme conditions is limited by the chemical nature of the organic matrix. Porous inorganic materials such as disordered sol-gel glasses, by contrast, are light and can have good high- and low-temperature stability, but under an applied force these materials are both compressible and irreversibly deformed [1]. Disordered sol-gel glasses have been studied for a variety of applications that exploit their high porosity, including low mass, low thermal conductivity, and low dielectric constant [2]. The fragility of these porous materials, however, limits their effectiveness for many of these applications. In this paper, we show that many of these problems can be alleviated using periodic surfactant templated silicas. By moving from a disordered porous glass to a nanoscale honeycomb structured material, we find that a significant increase in both bulk modulus and volume elasticity at high pressure can be achieved-in some cases surpassing the rigidity and elasticity of the bulk material. The results indicate that structural properties may be directly controlled by nanoscale architecture and that chemical control over both atomic and nanometerscale structure can be used to optimize material properties. In the experiments ordered silica/surfactant composites or calcined mesoporous silicas were compressed using conventional diamond anvil cell （DAC） techniques. An inert, dry pressure medium （liquid/solid Ar） was used to ensure hydrostatic conditions. The shift in the low-angle diffraction peak position with pressure was used to calculate the volume compressibility. The results of measurements made on P6mm periodic surfactant-templated silicas suggest that ideal nanometer scale architecture can result in

关键词： DAC high Pressure Mesoporous Silica.

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hardening Effects in Superhard Transition-Metal Borides

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Accounts of Materials Research 2022年第1期3卷 100-109页

作者： Lisa E.Pangilinan Shanlin hu Spencer G.hamilton sarah h.tolbert Richard B.Kaner Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry University of CaliforniaLos Angeles(UCLA)Los AngelesCalifornia 90095United States Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry Department of Materials Science and Engineeringand California NanoSystems Institute(CNSI)University of CaliforniaLos Angeles(UCLA)Los AngelesCalifornia 90095United States

CONSPECTUS:Mechanical hardness is a physical property used to gauge the applications of materials in the manufacturing and machining *** of their high hardness and wear resistance,superhard materials(Vickers hardness,hv≥40 GPa)are commonly used as cutting tools and *** diamond is the hardest known material used for industrial applications,its synthesis requires both high pressure and high *** in the field of superhard materials research has led to the search for alternatives with high hardness and thermal stability at low *** discovery of novel ultraincompressible,superhard materials has largely developed through trial and error along two *** one approach,researchers combine light elements,such as boron,carbon,nitrogen,and oxygen,often at high pressure,to replicate the highly directional,dense,covalent bonds of *** the second approach,these light elements(B,C,N,and O)are combined with highly incompressible,electron-rich transition metals to form dense covalently bonded networks at ambient pressure.

关键词： Transition boron gauge

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Atomic Layer Deposition of Pb(Zr,Ti)Ox Films Composited as Ferroelectric and Multiferroic Materials

Atomic Layer Deposition of Pb(Zr,Ti)Ox Films Composited as F...

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第十二届全国MOCVD学术会议

作者： Feng Zhang Ya-Chuan Perng Thomas E.Quickel sarah h.tolbert Jane P.Chang Guosheng Sun Yiping Zeng Material Science Center Institute of Semiconductors Beijing 100083P.R.China Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering University of CaliforniaLos AngelesCA 90095USA Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry University of CaliforniaLos AngelesCA 90095USA. Material Science Center Institute of SemiconductorsBeijing 100083P.R.China

Atomic layer deposition(ALD) of complex oxides is a viable method to tailor the composition and microstructure of the resulting thin films,thereby generating multi-functionality that is needed in various device applications[l].Another desirable feature of ALD is to uniformly and conformally coat complex surface structures of high aspect ratios, making it possible to interface distinct materials to form composite materials that may show exciting properties,such as multiferroic behavior[21.

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Linear endoscopic ultrasound:Current uses and future perspectives in mediastinal examination

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2024年第33期30卷 3803-3809页

作者： Eyad Gadour sarah Al Ghamdi Bogdan Miutescu hossam E Shaaban Zeinab hassan Aymen Almuhaidb hussein h Okasha Department of Gastroenterology and hepatology King Abdulaziz National Guard HospitalAhsa 36428Saudi Arabia Department of Internal Medicine Zamzam University CollegeSchool of MedicineKhartoum 11113Sudan Department of Medicine Division of GastroenterologyKing Abdulaziz UniversityJeddah 3646Saudi Arabia Department of Gastroenterology and hepatology Victor Babes University of Medicine and PharmacyTimisoara 300041Romania Advanced Regional Research Center in Gastroenterology and hepatology Victor Babes University of Medicine and PharmacyTimisoara 300041Romania Department of Internal Medicine and Gastroenterology NhtmriCairo 11796Egypt Department of Internal Medicine Stockport Hospitals NHS Foundation TrustManchester SK27JEUnited Kingdom Department of Gastroenterology King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research CenterRiyadh 11211Saudi Arabia Department of Internal Medicine Division of Gastroenterology and HepatologyKasr Al-Aini School of MedicineCairo UniversityCairo 11562Egypt

This editorial elaborates on the current and future applications of linear endoscopic ultrasound(EUS),a substantial diagnostic and therapeutic modality for various anatomical *** scope of endosonographic assessment is broad and,among other factors,allows for the evaluation of the mediastinal anatomy and related pathologies,such as mediastinal lymphadenopathy and the staging of central malignant lung ***,EUS assessment has proven more accurate in detecting small lesions missed by standard imaging examinations,such as computed tomography or magnetic resonance *** focus on its current uses in the mediastinum,including lung and esophageal cancer staging,as well as evaluating mediastinal lymphadenopathy and submucosal *** editorial also explores future perspectives of EUS in mediastinal examination,including ultrasound-guided therapies,artificial intelligence integration,advancements in mediastinal modalities,and improved diagnostic approaches for various mediastinal lesions.

关键词： Linear endoscopic ultrasound Mediastinal examination Lung cancer Computed tomography Magnetic resonance imaging

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Finding biomarkers of experience in animals

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Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology 2024年第3期15卷 925-944页

作者： sarah Babington Alan J.Tilbrook Shane K.Maloney Jill N.Fernandes Tamsyn M.Crowley Luoyang Ding Archa h.Fox Song Zhang Elise A.Kho Daniel Cozzolino Timothy J.Mahony Dominique Blache School of Agriculture and Environment The University of Western AustraliaCrawleyWA 6009Australia Centre for Animal Science The Queensland Alliance for Agriculture and Food InnovationThe University of QueenslandSt LuciaQLD 4072Australia School of Veterinary Science The University of QueenslandGattonQLD 4343Australia School of human Sciences The University of Western AustraliaCrawleyWA 6009Australia School of Medicine Deakin UniversityGeelongVIC 3217Australia Poultry hub Australia University of New EnglandArmidaleNSW 2350Australia College of Animal Science and Technology Yangzhou UniversityYangzhou 225009China Centre for Nutrition and Food Sciences The Queensland Alliance for Agriculture and Food InnovationThe University of QueenslandSt LuciaQLD 4072Australia

At a time when there is a growing public interest in animal welfare,it is critical to have objective means to assess the way that an animal experiences a *** is critical to ensure appropriate animal welfare *** behavioural,physiological,and neurobiological indicators that are used to assess animal welfare can verify the absence of extremely negative *** welfare is more than an absence of negative outcomes and an appropriate indicator should reflect the full spectrum of experience of an animal,from negative to *** this review,we draw from the knowledge of human biomedical science to propose a list of candidate biological markers(biomarkers)that should reflect the experiential state of non-human *** proposed biomarkers can be classified on their main function as endocrine,oxidative stress,non-coding molecular,and thermobiological *** also discuss practical challenges that must be addressed before any of these biomarkers can become useful to assess the experience of an animal in real-life.

关键词： Animal experience Animal welfare Biomarker Stress Welfare assessment

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Patients’experiences with‘sludge’(administrative burden)in the cancer screening process and its relationship with screening completion,experience and health system distrust

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Family Medicine and Community health 2024年第S2期12卷 8-17页

作者： Michelle S Rockwell Brianna Chang Vivian Zagarese Jamie K Turner Ally Southworth YingXing Wu Paul Yeaton Li Li Jeffrey S Stein sarah h Parker John W Epling Department of Family and Community Medicine Virginia Tech Carilion School of MedicineRoanokeVirginiaUSA Department of Family and Community Medicine Carilion ClinicRoanokeVirginiaUSA Virginia Tech Carilion School of Medicine RoanokeVirginiaUSA Department of health Systems and Implementation Science Virginia Tech Carilion School of MedicineRoanokeVirginiaUSA Graduate Program in Translational Biology Medicineand HealthVirginia TechRoanokeVirginiaUSA health Analytics Research Team Carilion ClinicRoanokeVirginiaUSA Division of Gastroenterology Department of Internal MedicineCarilion ClinicRoanokeVirginiaUSA Department of Family Medicine University of Virginia School of MedicineCharlottesvilleVirginiaUSA Center for health Behaviors Research Fralin Biomedical Research Institute at VTCRoanokeVirginiaUSA

Objective‘Sludge’refers to administrative burdens or frictions that preclude people from getting what they want or need(eg,duplicative forms,complicated instructions,long waiting times).This mixed methods study evaluated patients’perceptions of sludge in the colorectal cancer(CRC)screening process and some impacts of this *** We employed an exploratory sequential mixed methods study design that comprised patient interviews and a patient *** interviews informed final survey revisions and captured contextual data about patients’experiences with *** transcripts were inductively and deductively analysed to identify overarching *** survey quantified sludge,delayed or forgone screenings,screening experience(Net Promoter Score)and health system distrust(health System Distrust Scale).We usedχ2 or t-tests for univariable comparisons and logistic or linear regressions to evaluate the association between cumulative sludge score and delayed or forgone screenings,screening experience and health system *** were integrated for *** Southeastern United *** Patients who were 45–75 years of age,at average risk for CRC and had either completed or been referred for CRC screening(colonoscopy or stool-based test)within the previous 12 *** 22 interview participants and 255 survey participants completed the study.38(15%)survey participants rated their screening experience as poor(Net Promoter Score=0–7 out of 10).The mean(SD)health System Distrust Scale score was 22.4(6.3)out of 45 possible points(higher score=greater distrust).Perceptions of sludge in the CRC screening process varied,with long waiting times and burdensome communication being the most common sources(58%and 35%of participants,respectively).Sludge was positively associated with delayed or forgone screenings(OR=1.42,95%CI 1.28,1.57,phealth system distrust(β=0.47,p

关键词： sludge screening burden

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Macroalgal deep genomics illuminate multiple paths to aquatic,photosynthetic multicellularity

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Molecular Plant 2024年第5期17卷 747-771页

作者： David R.Nelson Alexandra Mystikou Ashish Jaiswal Cecilia Rad-Menendez Michael J.Preston Frederik De Boever Diana C.El Assal sarah Daakour Michael W.Lomas Jean-Claude Twizere David h.Green William C.Ratcliff Kourosh Salehi-Ashtiani Division of Science and Math New York University Abu DhabiAbu DhabiUAE Center for Genomics and Systems Biology(CGSB) New York University Abu DhabiAbu DhabiUAE Biotechnology Research Center Technology Innovation InstitutePO Box 9639Masdar CityAbu DhabiUAE Culture Collection of Algae and Protozoa Scottish Association for Marine ScienceObanScotlandUK National Center for Marine Algae and Microbiota Bigelow Laboratory for Ocean SciencesEast BoothbayMEUSA Laboratory of Viral Interactomes GIGA InstituteUniversity of LiegeLiegeBelgium School of Biological Sciences Georgia Institute of TechnologyAtlantaGAUSA

Macroalgae are multicellular,aquatic autotrophs that play vital roles in global climate maintenance and have diverse applications in biotechnology and eco-engineering,which are directly linked to their multicellularity ***,their genomic diversity and the evolutionary mechanisms underlying multicellularity in these organisms remain *** this study,we sequenced 110 macroalgal genomes from diverse climates and phyla,and identified key genomic features that distinguish them from their microalgal *** for cell adhesion,extracellular matrix formation,cell polarity,transport,and cell differentiation distinguish macroalgae from microalgae across all three major phyla,constituting conserved and unique gene sets supporting multicellular *** genes show phylum-and climate-specific expansions that may facilitate niche ***,our study reveals genetic determinants of convergent and divergent evolutionary trajectories that have shaped morphological diversity in macroalgae and provides genome-wide frameworks to understand photosynthetic multicellular evolution in aquatic environments.

关键词： macroalgae multicellularity comparative genomics evolution adhesome endogenous viral elements

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Probing the Galactic halo with RR Lyrae *** Radial Velocity Curve Templates of RRc Stars

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Research in Astronomy and Astrophysics 2024年第7期24卷 118-134页

作者： Yue huang Min Fang Gaochao Liu Xianzhong Zheng sarah Ann Bird Yang huang Jianrong Shi Jiangtao Wang huawei Zhang haijun Tian haotong Zhang College of Science China Three Gorges UniversityYichang 443002China Center for Astronomy and Space Sciences China Three Gorges UniversityYichang 443002China Purple Mountain Observatory Chinese Academy of SciencesNanjing 210023China School of Astronomy and Space Science University of Science and Technology of ChinaHefei 230026China School of Astronomy and Space Science University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100049China CAS Key Laboratory of Optical Astronomy National Astronomical ObservatoriesBeijing 100101China Department of Astronomy School of PhysicsPeking UniversityBeijing 100871China Kavli Institute for Astronomy and Astrophysics Peking UniversityBeijing 100871China School of Sciences Hangzhou Dianzi UniversityHangzhou 310018China

We present radial velocity(RV)curve templates of RR Lyrae first-overtone(RRc)stars constructed with the Mg I b triplet and hαlines using time-domain Medium-Resolution Survey spectra of seven RRc stars from Large Sky Area Multi-Object Fiber Spectroscopic Telescope(LAMOST)Data Release ***,we derive the relation between the stellar RV curve amplitudes and g-band light curve amplitudes from Zwicky Transient Facility(ZTF)public *** those RRc stars without ZTF g-band light curves,we provide the conversions from the light curve amplitudes in ZTF r-and i-bands,Gaia G-band,and V-band from the All-Sky Automated Survey for Supernovae to those in ZTF *** validate our RV curve templates using the RRc star SV Scl and find the uncertainties of systemic RV are less than 2.11 km s~(-1)and 6.08 km s~(-1)based on the Mg I b triplet and hαlines,*** calculate the systemic RVs of 30 RRc stars using the RV curve templates constructed with the Mg I b triplet and hαlines and find the systemic RVs are comparable with each *** RV curve template will be particularly useful for obtaining the systemic RV of RRc using the LAMOST spectroscopy.

关键词： stars variables RR Lyrae-Stars-techniques radial velocities

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Exploring the Prevalence and Contributing Factors of Depression among Sickle Cell Anemia Patients in Saudi Arabia’s Jazan Region

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International Journal of Mental health Promotion 2024年第5期26卷 351-359页

作者： Abdullah A.Alharbi Ahmad Y.Alqassim Mohammed A.Muaddi Najat h.Aldubayyan Rana I.Abuhadi Futon A.Akoor sarah J.Mobarki Imtenan A.Oberi Ghaidaa h.Alharbi Yara Ajeebi Adnan M.Alkhayat hafiz Malhan Mohammed Bakkar Anwar M.Makeen Family and Community Medicine Department Faculty of MedicineJazan UniversityJazan45142Saudi Arabia Laboratory Department King Fahd Central HospitalMinistry of HealthJazan45142Saudi Arabia Internal Medicine Department Prince Mohammad bin Nasser HospitalMinistry of HealthJazan45142Saudi Arabia hematology Department King AbdulAziz Medical City for National GuardRiyadh11426Saudi Arabia

Sickle Cell Anemia(SCA)is a prevalent genetic condition in Saudi Arabia,particularly in the Jazan *** study’s purpose was to assess the prevalence of de-pression among individuals with SCA in this area and to identify the factors associated with this *** study involved 391 adult participants,all patients in the hematology center of Prince Mohammed bin Nasser hospital(PMNh).Data was collected through an anonymous interview questionnaire–the Arabic version of the Patient health Questionnaire-9(PhQ-9)–between March–May *** questionnaire covered socio-demographic information and variables related to the participant’s SCA history,such as pain levels,frequency of pain,hospitalization duration,and frequency of blood *** variables underwent Chi-square and One-way ANOVA testing,followed by multivariate *** study found a 42%prevalence of depression among the SCA *** significantly linked with heightened depression levels included being widowed or divorced,experiencing frequent and severe pain,and longer duration of hospital *** educational level of at least a bachelor’s degree was also a significant *** study reveals a high prevalence of depression among SCA patients in the Jazan *** underscores the need for policymakers to educate both physicians and patients about the importance of mental health in SCA *** study also highlights the need for more research into the specific causes and effects of depressive symptoms in SCA patients to inform the creation of effective management plans.

关键词： Sickle cell anemia prevalence depression public health policy Jazan region Saudi Arabia

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Most Tibetan weedy barleys originated via recombination between Btr1 and Btr2 in domesticated barley

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Plant Communications 2024年第5期5卷 163-175页

作者： Guangqi Gao Luxi Yan Yu Cai Yu Guo Congcong Jiang Qiang he sarah Tasnim Zongyun Feng Jun Liu Jing Zhang Takao Komatsuda Martin Mascher Ping Yang State Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Resources and Breeding/Key Laboratory of Grain Crop Genetic Resources Evaluation and Utilization(MARA)/Institute of Crop Sciences Chinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesBeijing 100081China College of Agronomy Sichuan Agricultural UniversityChengdu 611130China Leibniz Institute of Plant Genetics and Crop Plant Research 06466 SeelandGermany Crop Research Institute Shandong Academy of Agricultural SciencesJinan 250100China

Tibetan weedy barleys reside at the edges of qingke(hulless barley)fields in Tibet(Xizang).The spikes of these weedy barleys contain or lack a brittle rachis,with either two-or six-rowed spikes and either hulled or hulless grains at *** the brittle rachis trait of Tibetan weedy barleys is similar to that of wild barley(hordeum vulgare *** Thell.),these plants share genetic similarity with domesticated *** origin of Tibetan weedy barleys continues to be ***,we show that most Tibetan weedy barleys originated from cross-pollinated hybridization of domesticated barleys,followed by hybrid self-pollination and recombination between Non-brittle rachis 1(btr1)and 2(btr2).We discovered the specific genetic ancestry of these weedy barleys in South Asian *** weedy barleys exhibit lower genetic diversity than wild and Chinese landraces/cultivars and share a close relationship with qingke,genetically differing from typical eastern and western barley *** classified Tibetan weedy barleys into two groups,brittle rachis(BR)and non-brittle rachis(NBR);these traits align with the haplotypes of the btr1 and btr2 *** wild barleys carry haplotype combinations of Btr1 and Btr2,each showing lower proportions in a population,the recombinant haplotype BTR2h8+BTR1h24 is predominant in the BR *** block analysis based on whole-genome sequencing revealed two recombination breakpoints,which are present in 80.6%and 16.8%of BR acces-sions according to marker-assisted *** events between wild and domesticated barley were rarely *** support the notion that Tibetan weedy barleys originated via recom-bination between Btr1 and Btr2 in domesticated barley.

关键词： Tibetan weedy barley agriocrithon de-domestication out-pollination recombination brittle rachis

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