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Tetracycline-inducible protein expression in pancreatic cancer cells: effects of CapG overexpression

World Journal of Gastroenterology 2011年第15期17卷 1947-1960页

作者： sarah Tonack Sabina Patel Mehdi Jalali Taoufik Nedjadi Rosalind e Jenkins Christopher Goldring John Neoptolemos eithne Costello Liverpool CR-UK Centre Department of Molecular and Therapeutic Cancer MedicineUniversity of Liverpool Liverpool L69 3GA United Kingdom MRC Centre forDrug Safety Science Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics School of Biomedical Sciences University of Liverpool L69 3GA United Kingdom National Institute for Health Research Pancreatic Biomedical Research Unit Liverpool L69 3GA United Kingdom

AIM: To establish stable tetracycline-inducible pancreatic cancer cell lines. MeTHODS: Suit-2, MiaPaca-2, and Panc-1 cells were transfected with a second generation reverse tetracycline-controlled transactivator protein (rtTA2S-M2), under the control of either a cytomegalovirus (CMV) or a chicken β-actin promoter, and the resulting clones were ***: Use of the chicken (β-actin) promoter proved superior for both the production and maintenance of doxycycline-inducible cell lines. The system proved versatile, enabling transient inducible expression of a variety of genes, including GST-P, CYP2e1, S100A6, and the actin capping protein, CapG. To determine the physiological utility of this system in pancreatic cancer cells, stable inducible CapG expressors were established. Overexpressed CapG was localised to the cytoplasm and the nuclear membrane, but was not observed in the nucleus. High CapG levels were associated with enhanced motility, but not with changes to the cell cycle, or cellular proliferation. In CapG-overexpressing cells, the levels and phosphorylation status of other actin-moduating proteins (Cofilin and ezrin/Radixin) were not altered. However, preliminary analyses suggest that the levels of other cellular proteins, such as ornithine aminotransferase and enolase, are altered upon CapG induction. CONCLUSION: We have generated pancreatic-cancer derived cell lines in which gene expression is fully controllable.

关键词： Pancreatic cancer cells Tetracycline-inducible CapG Suit-2 Panc-1 MiaPaCa-2

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Lymphocyte phenotypes in wild-caught rats suggest potential mechanisms underlying increased immune sensitivity in post-industrial environments

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Cellular & Molecular Immunology 2012年第2期9卷 163-174页

作者： Ashley M Trama Zoie e Holzknecht Anitra D Thomas Kuei-Ying Su Sean M Lee emily e Foltz sarah e Perkins Shu S Lin William Parker Department of Surgery Duke University Medical Center Durham NC 27710 USA Cardiff School of Biosciences Cardiff CFIO 3AX UK Department of Immunology Duke University Medical Center Durham NC 27710 USA

The immune systems of wild rats and of laboratory rats can been utilized as models of the human immune system in pre-industrial and post-industrial societies, respectively. In this study, lymphocyte phenotypes in wild rats were broadly characterized, and the results were compared to those obtained by us and by others using cells derived from various strains of laboratory rats. Although not expected, the production of regulatory T cells was not apparently different in wild rats compared to laboratory rats. On the other hand, differences in expression of markers involved in complement regulation, adhesion, signaling and maturation suggest increased complement regulation and decreased sensitivity in wild-caught rats compared to laboratory rats, and point toward complex differences between the maturation of T cells. The results potentially lend insight into the pathogenesis of post-industrial epidemics of allergy and autoimmune disease.

关键词： allergy autoimmunity biome hygiene immune regulation

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Infection does not increase long-term mortality in patients with acute severe alcoholic hepatitis treated with corticosteroids

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2017年第11期23卷 2052-2059页

作者： Ashwin D Dhanda Ashish Sinha Vicky Hunt sarah Saleem Matthew e Cramp Peter L Collins Institute of Translational and Stratified Medicine Plymouth University Peninsula Schools of Medicine and Dentistry South West Liver Unit Plymouth Hospitals NHS Trust Department of Liver Medicine University Hospitals Bristol NHS Foundation Trust

AIM To determine whether infection in patients with acute severe alcoholic hepatitis(AAH) treated with corticosteroids is associated with increased *** Consecutive patients with AAH were treated with steroids and recruited to the study. Clinically relevant infections(body temperature > 38 ℃ or e than 4 h, ascitic neutrophil count > 0.25 ×109/L, consolidation on chest radiograph or clinically relevant positive microbiological culture of bodily fluid) were recorded prospectively. Clinical and laboratory parameters were recorded and survival at 90 d and 6 mo was determined. Univariate analysis of factors associated with 90-d mortality was performed and significant variables included in a multivariate *** Seventy-two patients were included in the final analysis(mean age 47.9 years, 26% female, mean discriminant function 53.0). Overall mortality in the group occurred in 15(21%), 23(32%) and 31(43%) at day 28, day 90 and 1 year respectively. 36(50%) had a clinically relevant infection during their hospitalisation(23 after initiation of steroids). The median time to development of incident infection after commencement of steroids was 10 d. The commonest site of infection was ascites(31%) and bacteraemia(31%) followed by urinary tract(19%) and respiratory tract(8%). Forty-one separate organisms were isolated in 33 patients; the most frequent genus was escherichia(22%) and enterococcus(20%). Infection was not associated with 90-d or 1 year mortality but was associated with higher creatinine, model for end-stage liver disease and Lille score. Baseline urea was the only independent predictor of 90-d *** Clinically relevant infections are common in patients with AAH but are not associated with increased 90-d or 1 year mortality.

关键词： Alcoholic hepatitis escherichia Infection Lille score Corticosteroids

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Accuracy of abdominal ultrasound for the diagnosis of small bowel obstruction in the emergency department

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World Journal of emergency Medicine 2018年第4期9卷 267-271页

作者： sarah e. Frasure Amy F. Hildrcth Raghu Seethala Heidi H. Kimberly George Washington University Hospital Washington DC 20037 USA NavalMedical Center San Diego San Diego CA 92134 USA Department of emergency Medicine Brigham and Women 's Hospital Boston MA 02115 USA

BACKGROUND： emergency physicians frequently encounter patients with acute small bowel obstructions （SBO）. Although computed tomography （CT） imaging is the current gold standard in the assessment of patients with suspected SBO in the emergency department, a few studies have examined the use of ultrasound as an alternative imaging technique. MeTHODS： We evaluated the accuracy of ultrasound performed in the eD by a variety of providers （physicians with various levels of training, physician assistants） compared to CT imaging in 47 patients with suspected SBOs. ReSULTS： Our data demonstrated a sensitivity of 93.8% and a specificity of 93.3% when compared to abdominal CT, and a sensitivity of 94.3% and specificity of 95.2% using a composite endpoint of abdominal CT and discharge diagnosis. CONCLUSION： Ultrasound can play an important role in the identification of small bowe obstructions in eD patients.

关键词： Abdominal ultrasound Small bowel obstruction emergency department

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Fusion of spatiotemporal and thematic features of textual data for animal disease surveillance

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Information Processing in Agriculture 2023年第3期10卷 347-360页

作者： sarah Valentin Renaud Lancelot Mathieu Roche CIRAD F-34398 MontpellierFrance ASTRe Univ MontpellierCIRADINRAEMontpellierFrance TeTIS Univ MontpellierAgroParisTechCIRADCNRSINRAEMontpellierFrance Departement de Biologie Universite de SherbrookeSherbrookeQuebecCanada

Several internet-based surveillance systems have been created to monitor the web for animal health *** systems collect a large amount of news dealing with outbreaks related to animal *** identifying news articles that describe the same outbreak event is a key step to quickly detect relevant epidemiological information while alleviating manual curation of news *** paper addresses the task of retrieving news articles that are related in epidemiological *** tackle this issue using text mining and feature fusion *** main objective of this paper is to identify a textual representation in which two articles that share the same epidemiological content are *** compared two types of representations(i.e.,features)to represent the documents:(i)morphosyntactic features(i.e.,selection and transformation of all terms from the news,based on classical textual processing steps)and(ii)lexicosemantic features(i.e.,selection,transformation and fusion of epidemiological terms including diseases,hosts,locations and dates).We compared two types of term weighing(i.e.,Boolean and TF-IDF)for both *** combine and transform lexicosemantic features,we compared two data fusion techniques(i.e.,early fusion and late fusion)and the effect of features generalisation,while evaluating the relative importance of each type of *** conducted our analysis using a corpus composed of a subset of news articles in english related to animal disease *** results showed that the combination of relevant lexicosemantic(epidemiological)features using fusion methods improves classical morphosyntactic representation in the context of disease-related news *** lexicosemantic representation based on TF-IDF and feature generalisation(F-measure=0.92,r-precision=0.58)outperformed the morphosyntactic representation(F-measure=0.89,r-precision=0.45),while reducing the features *** the features into lower granular

关键词： Animal disease surveillance Text mining Ranking Fusion

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Collecting Ophiocordyceps sinensis:an emerging livelihood strategy in the Garhwal,Indian Himalaya

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Journal of Mountain Science 2017年第2期14卷 390-402页

作者： Laura CAPLINS sarah J.HALVORSON Department of Society and Conservation College of Forestry and ConservationUniversity of MontanaMissoulaMontana59812USA Department of Geography College of Arts and SciencesUniversity of MontanaMissoulaMontana59812USA

In the Garhwal of Uttarakhand, India, the Bhotiya, an ethnically and culturally distinct tribal group, were historically engaged in seasonal migration(i.e. transhumance) to take advantage of scarce mountain resources and trade relations with Tibet. This livelihood practice has all but *** are adapting to these changing circumstances by engaging in the collection and sale of the valuable alpine medicinal fungus Ophiocordyceps sinensis, widely known as Cordyceps. The collection of this fungus has exploded, emerging as a lucrative yet high-risk livelihood strategy for many Bhotiya *** Bhotiyas' historic herding and trade-based interactions and knowledge of these alpine environments where Cordyceps are found uniquely positions them to access this valuable biological resource. elsewhere in the Himalayan region, some households are earning as much as two-thirds of their income from the collection of Cordyceps; in China Cordyceps is now listed as an endangered species due to intense over-exploitation in the Tibetan *** paper seeks to fill the void in the scientific literature on the social, ecological and economic aspects of the emerging Cordyceps trade in the Garhwal. Our study investigates the socio-spatial dimensions of Cordyceps collection in the high alpine meadows. We document how a fusion of local knowledge and practice with alpine mountain systems has served to reinvigorate the economic integrity of mountain communities at a time of rapid socioeconomic change and to reimagine a new relationship between alpine resources and community *** article offers suggestions to address the sustainability of both Cordyceps collection and livelihood activities which hinge on this fungus population. We find a need for(1) community-based conservation measures that are rooted in(2) secure resource access rights for local communities to continue sustainable collection and sale of Cordyceps and(3) participatory-and science-based proc

关键词： Cordyceps ( Ophiocordyceps sinensis) Garhwal Himalaya Livelihood Alpine meadows Bhotiya Sustainability

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expression and reconstitution of the bioluminescent Ca2+reporter aequorin in human embryonic stem cells,and exploration of the presence of functional IP3 and ryanodine receptors during the early stages of their differentiation into cardiomyocytes

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Science China(Life Sciences) 2016年第8期59卷 811-824页

作者： Harvey Y.S.Chan Man Chun Cheung Yi Gao Andrew L.Miller sarah e.Webb Division of Life Science&State Key Laboratory of Molecular Neuroscience HKUSTClear Water BayHong KongChina Stem Cell&Regenerative Medicine Consortium Li Ka Shing Faculty of MedicineThe University of Hong KongPokfulamHong KongChina Marine Biological Laboratory Woods Hole MA 02543USA

In order to develop a novel method of visualizing possible Ca2＋ signaling during the early differentiation of heSCs into cardi- omyocytes and avoid some of the inherent problems associated with using fluorescent reporters, we expressed the biolumines- cent Ca2＋ reporter, apo-aequorin, in HeS2 cells and then reconstituted active holo-aequorin by incubation withf-coelenterazine. The temporal nature of the Ca2＋ signals generated by the holo-f-aequorin-expressing HeS2 cells during the earliest stages of differentiation into cardiomyocytes was then investigated. Our data show that no endogenous Ca2＋ transients （generated by re- lease from intracellular stores） were detected in 1-12-day-old cardiospheres but transients were generated in cardiospheres following stimulation with KC1 or CaC12, indicating that holo-f-aequorin was functional in these cells. Furthermore, following the addition of exogenous ATP, an inositol trisphosphate receptor （IP3R） agonist, small Ca2＋transients were generated from day 1 onward. That ATP was inducing Ca2＋ release from functional IP3Rs was demonstrated by treatment with 2-APB, a known IP3R antagonist. In contrast, following treatment with caffeine, a ryanodine receptor （RyR） agonist, a minima/Ca2＋ response was observed at day 8 of differentiation only. Thus, our data indicate that unlike RyRs, IP3Rs are present and continually functional at these early stages of cardiomyocyte differentiation.

关键词： Ca2+ signaling apo-aequorin expression bioluminescence HeS2 human embryonic stem cells heSC-derived cardiospheres IP3 and ryanodine receptors

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Human dNK cell function is differentially regulated by extrinsic cellular engagement and intrinsic activating receptors in first and second trimester pregnancy

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Cellular & Molecular Immunology 2017年第2期14卷 203-213页

作者： Jianhong Zhang Caroline e Dunk Melissa Kwan Rebecca L Jones Lynda K Harris sarah Keating Stephen J Lye Research Centre for Women's and Infants' Health Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute Mount Sinai Hospital Toronto ON M5T 3H7 Canada Department of Obstetrics & Gynaecology University of Toronto Toronto ON M5G 1 L4 Canada Department of Physiology University of Toronto Toronto ON M5G 1L4 Canada Institute of Human Development University of Manchester Manchester M 13 9WL UK St. Mary's Hospital Central Manchester University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust Manchester Academic Health Science Centre Manchester M13 9WL UK Department of Pathology University of Toronto Toronto ON M5G 1L4 Canada

Decidual natural killer （dNK） cells express an array of activation receptors to regulate placental immunity and development during early pregnancy. We investigated the functional character of human dNK cells during the first and second trimester of gestation and the interaction between dNK and trophoblast cells. Although the frequency of CD56＋CD16-dNK among the total CD45＋ leukocytes did not change over this period, the expression of the activating receptors, NKp80 and NKG2D, was greatly upregulated. We observed a significantly higher number of extravillous trophoblast cells in proximity to the dNK cells in the first trimester in comparison with the second trimester decidua. NKG2D expression by first trimester dNK cells was decreased when co-cultured with the HTR-8 trophoblast cell line. In the second trimester, functional markers of dNK activation, i.e., angiogenic factor production （e.g., vascular endothelial growth factor, interleukin-8, interferon-gamma）, remained stable despite an increase in NKp80 or NKG2D surface expression. Furthermore, the degranulation capacity of dNK cells, as assessed by CD107a, was decreased in the second trimester. We suggest that in the first trimester, trophoblast-dNK interactions generate a population of dNK cells with a suppressed activating phenotype. In the second trimester, the loss of trophoblast-dNK interactions led to the inhibition of dNK cell function, although their activating receptor expression was increased. We speculate that during pregnancy, two mechanisms operate to modulate the dNK cell activation：suppression of activating receptor levels in the first trimester by trophoblasts and disengagement of receptor-ligand coupling in the second trimester.

关键词： decidual NK cells IFN-gamma NKG2D NKp80 pregnancy

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Moving beyond Wastewater:Perspectives on environmental Surveillance of Infectious Diseases for Public Health Action in Low-Resource Settings

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environment & Health 2024年第10期2卷 684-687页

作者： Jeseth Delgado Vela sarah e.Philo Joe Brown Mami Taniuchi Molly Cantrell Alexandra Kossik Maya Ramaswamy Sitara SR Ajjampur Fatma Z.Guerfali Rochelle H.Holm John Scott Meschke Maria Catherine B.Otero Amy J.Pickering Mahbubur Rahman Alexander G.Shaw Abhilasha Shrestha Kwanrawee Sirikanchana Vivi Maketa Tevuzula Rolf U.Halden Alexandria B.Boehm Kyle Bibby Department of Civil and environmental engineering Duke UniversityDurhamNorth Carolina 27710United States Department of Civil and environmental engineering and earth Sciences University of Notre DameSouth BendIndiana 46556United States Department of Civil and environmental engineering University of Southern California Los AngelesCA 90007USA Department of environmental Sciences and engineering University of North Carolina at Chapel HillChapel HillNorth Carolina 27599United States Division of Infectious Diseases and International Health University of VirginiaCharlottesvilleVirginia 22903United States Waterborne Disease Prevention Branch U.S.Centers for Disease ControlAtlantaGeorgia 30329United States The Wellcome Trust Research Laboratory Christian Medical CollegeVellore 632004India Laboratory of Transmission Control and Immunobiology of Infections(LTCII)Institut Pasteur de TunisTunis-Belvédère 1002Tunisia UniversitéTunis el Manar Tunis 1002Tunisia Christina Lee Brown envirome Institute School of MedicineUniversity of LouisvilleLouisvilleKentucky 40202United States Department of environmental and Occupational Health Sciences School of Public HealthUniversity of WashingtonSeattleWashington 98195United States College of Medicine University of the Philippines ManilaManila 2801Philippines Department of Civil and environmental engineering University of CaliforniaBerkeleyBerkeleyCalifornia 94720United States Institute of epidemiology Disease Control and Research(IEDCR)Dhaka 1212Bangladesh Department of Infectious Disease epidemiology Imperial College LondonLondon SW72AZU.K. Division of environmental and Occupational Health Sciences University of Illinois Chicago School of Public HealthChicagoIllinois 60612United States Research Laboratory of Biotechnology Chulabhorn Research InstituteBangkok 10210Thailand Department of Tropical Medicine University of KinshasaKinshasa/DR 63090201Congo School of Sustainable engineering and the Built environment Arizona State UniversityTempe

Although testing wastewater for public health surveillance has recently received significant attention in the United States,researchers and public health professionals have long realized the tremendous promise of environmental surveillance(eS),defined as tracking pathogens of interest in fecally contaminated surface waters,soil,or fomites,in low-resource settings for public health action.1,2 The power of eS in lowresource settings is most clearly illustrated with the over 30 years of well-established and standardized polio *** part of the Global Polio eradication Initiative,the World Health Organization(WHO)has accredited 146 laboratories within the Global Polio Lab Network(GPLN).These facilities across 92 countries process over 8,000 wastewater or fecally contaminated surface water samples per year,in addition to over 220,000 stool samples annually.3 The data generated from the GPLN are closely linked to clear public health action related to targeted vaccination *** investment and adoption of eS for polio eradication efforts serves as a use-case for other targets of *** explore the current state of the field,the National Science Foundation-funded Research Coordination Network(RCN)on Wastewater Based epidemiology for SARS-CoV-2 and emerging Public Health Threats held a workshop in December 2023 to discuss the opportunities and challenges for eS in low-resource settings(Figure 1).Discussions during the workshop highlighted knowledge gaps,best-practices,target selection,academic/government/private partnerships and overall public health action and sustainability of these programs.

关键词： wastewater Wastewater annually

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Plasma and nanoparticle shielding during pulsed laser ablation in liquids cause ablation efficiency decrease

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Opto-electronic Advances 2021年第1期4卷 1-13页

作者： sarah Dittrich Stephan Barcikowski Bilal Gökce Technical Chemistry I and Center of Nanointegration Duisburg essen(CeNIDe) University of Duisburg-EssenUniversitaetsstr.745141 EssenGermany

Understanding shielding cross-effects is a prerequisite for maximal power-specific nanosecond laser ablation in liquids(LAL).However,discrimination between cavitation bubble(CB),nanoparticle(NP),and shielding,e.g.,by the plasma or a transient vapor layer,is ***,CB imaging by shadowgraphy is performed to better understand the plasma and laser beam-NP interaction during *** comparing the fluence-dependent CB volume for ablations performed with 1 ns pulses with reports from the literature,we find larger energy-specific CB volumes for 7 *** increased CB for laser ablation with higher ns pulse durations could be a first explanation of the efficiency decrease reported for these laser systems having higher pulse ***,1 ns-LAL shows superior ablation ***,a CB cascade occurs when the focal plane is shifted into the *** effect is enhanced when NPs are present in the *** minute amounts of NPs trapped in a stationary layer decrease the laser energy significantly,even under liquid ***,this local concentration in the sticking film has so far not been *** presents an essential obstacle in high-yield LAL,shielding already the second laser pulse that arrives and presenting a source of satellite ***,measures to lower the NP concentration on the target must be investigated in the future.

关键词： shadowgraphy power-specific productivity flow dynamics ablation mechanism

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