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THERMAL PERFORMANCE OF PANELS WITH HIGH DENSITY,RANDOMLY ORIENTED STRAW BALES

Journal of Green Building 2018年第1期13卷 31-55页

作者： sarah seitz Kyle Beaudry Colin MacDougall Dept.of Civil Engineering Queen’s UniversityKingstonOntarioCanada

This paper describes the hot-box testing(based on ASTM C1363-11)of seven straw bale wall panels to obtain their thermal conductivity *** panels were con-structed with stacked bales and cement-lime plaster skins on each side of the *** panels were made with traditional,2-string field bales of densities ranging from 89.5 kg/m^(3)-131 kg/m^(3) and with the bales on-edge(fibres perpendicular to the heat flow).Three panels were made with manufactured high-density bales(291 kg/m^(3)-372 kg/m^(3)).The fibres of the manufactured bales were randomly *** key conclusion of this paper is that within the experimental error,there is no difference in the thermal conductivity value for panels using normal density bales and manufactured high density bales up to a density of 333 kg/m^(3).However,because of lack of precision of the hot-box,no conclusions can be made on the true thermal conductivity of the high density bale *** addition,the panels tested were found to have significant voids between bales,and this is believed to have con-tributed to higher measured thermal conductivity values compared to those reported in the literature for normal density bale *** properties may be affected for bales with higher densities than 333 kg/m^(3),therefore further testing is suggested.

关键词： straw bale construction thermal testing thermal conductivity hot-box apparatus high-density bales

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FGF-2 is required to prevent astrogliosis in the facial nucleus after facial nerve injury and mechanical stimulation of denervated vibrissal muscles

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The Journal of Biomedical Research 2016年第2期30卷 142-148页

作者： Arzu Hizay Mark seitz Maria Grosheva Nektarios Sinis Yasemin Kaya Habib Bendella Levent Sarikcioglu sarah A.Dunlop Doychin N.Angelov Department of Anatomy Akdeniz UniversityFaculty of Medicine Department of Anatomy I University of Cologne Department of Oto-Rhino-Laryngology University Hospital Cologne Depeartment of Plastic- Hand-and Reconstructive Microsurgery Department of Neurosurgery Hospital MerheimUniversity of Witten-Herdecke Experimental and Regenerative Neurosciences School of Animal BiologyUniversity of Western Australia(M092) 35 Stirling Highway

Recently,we have shown that manual stimulation of paralyzed vibrissal muscles after facial-facial anastomosis reduced the poly-innervation of neuromuscular junctions and restored vibrissal *** gene knock outs,we found a differential dependence of manual stimulation effects on growth ***,insulin-like growth factor-1 and brain-derived neurotrophic factor are required to underpin manual stimulation-mediated improvements,whereas FGF-2 is *** lack of dependence on FGF-2 in mediating these peripheral effects prompted us to look centrally,*** the facial nucleus where increased astrogliosis after facial-facial anastomosis follows ＂synaptic stripping＂.We measured the intensity of Cy3-fluorescence after immunostaining for glial fibrillary acidic protein（GFAP） as an indirect indicator of synaptic coverage of axotomized neurons in the facial nucleus of mice lacking FGF-2（FGF-2^（-/-） mice）.There was no difference in GFAP-Cy3-fluorescence（pixel number,gray value range17-103） between intact wildtype mice（2.12± 0.37×10~7） and their intact FGF-2^（-/-） counterparts（2.12±0.27×10~7） nor after facial-facial anastomosis ＋handling（wildtype：4.06±0.32×10~7;FGF-2^（-/-）：4.39±0.17×10~7）.However,after facial-facial anastomosis,GFAP-Cy3-fluorescence remained elevated in FGF-2^（-/-）-animals（4.54±0.12×10~7）,whereas manual otimulation reduced the intensity of GFAP-immunofluorescence in wild type mice to values that were not significantly different from intact mice（2.63±0.39×10）.We conclude that FGF-2 is not required to underpin the beneficial effects of manual stimulation at the neuro-muscular junction,but it is required to minimize astrogliosis in the brainstem and,by implication,restore synaptic coverage of recovering facial motoneurons.

关键词： FGF-2 facial nerve axotomy astrogliosis whisking function polyinnervation

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