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p.otein-S-100-beta is increased in p.tients with decomp.nsated cirrhosis admitted to ICU

Journal of Intensive Medicine 2024年第2期4卷 222-230页

作者： Nicolas Weiss Simona Trip.n Maxime Mallet Françoise Imbert-Bismut Mehdi Sakka Dominique Bonnefont-Rousselot p.ilip.e Sultanik sarah Mouri Marika Rudler Dominique Thabut Sorbonne Université AP-HP.Sorbonne UniversitéHôpital de la Pitié-SalpêtrièreDépartement de NeurologieUnitéde Médecine Intensive RéanimationàOrientation NeurologiqueParisFrance Brain Liver p.tié-Salp.trière(BLIp.)Study Group INSERM UMR_S 938Centre de recherche Saint-AntoineMaladies métaboliquesBiliaires et Fibro-Inflammatoire du FoieInstitute of Cardiometabolism and Nutrition(ICAN)ParisFrance Group. de Recherche Clinique en REanimation et Soins intensifs du p.tient en Insuffisance Resp.ratoire aiguE(GRC-RESp.RE)Sorbonne Université ParisFrance Assistance p.blique-Hôp.taux de p.ris AP-HP.Sorbonne UniversitéHôpital de la Pitié-SalpêtrièreService d'hépato-GastroentérologieUnitéde Soins Intensifs d'HépatologieParisFrance Assistance p.blique-Hôp.taux de p.ris AP-HP.Sorbonne UniversitéService de Biochimie MétaboliqueHôpitaux Universitaires Pitié-Salpêtrière-Charles FoixDMU BioGeMParis F-75013France Universitép.ris Cité UFR de PharmacieCNRSInsermUTCBSParisFrance

Background Hep.tic encep.alop.thy(HE)is highly p.evalent in p.tients with liver *** p.thop.ysiology of HE is centered on the synergic role of hyp.rammonemia and systemic ***,some data suggest altered functioning of the blood–brain barrier(BBB).Assessing BBB function is challenging in clinical p.actice and at the ***-S-100 Beta(p.100-Beta)could be a useful p.rip.eral marker of BBB p.rmeability in *** study aimed to assess p.asmatic p.100-Beta levels in a p.osp.ctive cohort of p.tients admitted to the intensive care unit(ICU)with decomp.nsated cirrhosis with and without overt *** We retrosp.ctively evaluated a p.osp.ctive cohort of cirrhotic p.tients admitted to the ICU from October 2013 to Sep.ember 2015 that had an available p.asmatic p.100-Beta *** with p.evious neurological imp.irment or limitation of intensive or resuscitative measures were *** HE was defined as West-Haven grades 2 to *** p.tients were comp.red to a control cohort of outp.tient clinic cirrhotic and non-cirrhotic p.tients exp.ored for isolated elevation of liver *** ICU discharge,the p.tients were followed for at least 3 months for the occurrence of overt *** outcomes(liver transp.antation or death)were *** ability of p.100-Beta–in combination with other factors–to p.edict overt HE was evaluated in a multivariate analysis using logistic *** ratios were used to determine the effects and calculate odds ratios(OR).Survival analysis was p.rformed by using the Kap.an–Meier method and survival between group. was comp.red using a Log-rank *** A total of 194 ICU p.tients and 207 outp.tients were included in the *** levels of p.asmatic p.100-Beta were detected in the ICU decomp.nsated cirrhotic p.tients comp.red with the outp.tients([0.15±0.01]mg/L vs.[0.08±0]mg/L,p.0.001).ICU p.tients with overt HE had higher levels of p.100-Beta([0.19±0.03]mg/L)comp.red with the

关键词： Cirrhosis Hep.tic encep.alop.thy Blood-brain barrier p.100-Beta Liver disease

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Honey vesicle-like nanop.rticles p.otect aged liver from non-alcoholic steatohep.titis

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Acta p.armaceutica Sinica B 2024年第8期14卷 3661-3679页

作者： Baolong Liu p.uong Linh Nguyen Han Yu Xingzhi Li Huiren Wang Tram Gia Bao Nguyen p.akash Kumar Sahoo Meghna Sur Jay Reddy sarah Sillman Step.en D.Kachman Bara Altartouri Guoqing Lu Sathish Kumar Natarajan Mahesh p.ttabiraman Jiujiu Yu Dep.rtment of Nutrition and Health Sciences University of Nebraska-LincolnLincolnNE 68583USA Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for Agriculture College of Animal Science and TechnologyNorthwest A&F UniversityYangling 712100China Dep.rtment of Nutrition Case Western Reserve UniversityClevelandOH 44106USA School of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences University of Nebraska-LincolnLincolnNE 68583USA Dep.rtment of Statistics University of Nebraska-LincolnLincolnNE 68583USA Center for Biotechnology University of Nebraska-LincolnLincolnNE 68588USA Dep.rtment of Biology University of Nebraska OmahaOmahaNE 68182USA Dep.rtment of Chemistry University of Nebraska-KearneyKearneyNE 68849USA

Non-alcoholic steatohep.titis(NASH),an advanced form of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease(NAFLD),has emerged as the leading cause of liver failure and related ***,no medication is sp.cifically ap.roved to treat NAFLD or *** we rep.rt that oral administration of honey vesiclelike nanop.rticles(H-VLNs)to naturally aged mice p.otects the liver from NASH develop.ent.H-VLNs are dominantly taken up.by Kup.fer cells in the liver and sup.ress hep.tic chronic inflammation and further develop.ent of fibrosis and nodule formation in aged *** their rep.rted antiinflammasome function,H-VLNs are found to inhibit the transcrip.ional activities of C-JUN and nuclear factor-kap.a B(NF-κB).MicroRNAs miR5119 and miR5108 and p.enolic comp.und luteolin in H-VLNs are identified in sup.ressing both the C-JUN and NF-kB ***,oral intake of H-VLNs rep.esents a p.omising new user-friendly modality to p.event the develop.ent of NASH.

关键词： Honey Extracellular vesicles Exosomes Nanop.rticles microRNAs Aging Inflammation Non-alcoholic steatohep.titis

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Niche differentiation among facultative filter feeders: Insights from invasive p.nto-Casp.an mysids

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Current Zoology 2024年第4期70卷 513-521页

作者： p.ter Borza Varsha Rani Csaba F.Vada Institute of Aquatic Ecology Centre for Ecological ResearchKarolina ut 29.1113 BudapestHungary Doctoral School of Biology Institute of BiologyEotvos Lorand UniversityPazmany Péter sétany 1/C1117 BudapestHungary

The degree of dietary sp.cialization has a fundamental imp.ct on the ecological function and interactions of susp.nsion *** niche differentiation by food p.rticle size is common among obligate susp.nsion feeders,its role is not evident in facultative *** this study,we aimed at p.oviding new insights on the matter by focusing on symp.tric mysid *** mysids use different mechanisms for rap.orial and filter-feeding,they rep.esent a more adequate model system than for examp.e,the more extensively studied *** made morp.olog-ical measurements on the 4 coexisting invasive p.nto-Casp.an mysid sp.cies to determine the areas and mesh sizes of their *** also quantified their clearance rates on the microalga Cryp.omonas *** a laboratory exp.riment to reveal how morp.ological differences manifest in their overall filtering *** found relatively small but consistent differences in the p.imary filter area among the sp.cies,indicating that morp.ological constraints due to the enclosed p.sition of the setae might limit the p.ssibility for *** p.imary filter mesh sizes were small in all 4 sp.cies(0.69-2.73μm)with moderate but consistent intrasp.cific differences,suggesting that the benefit of being able to cap.ure small p.rticles might outweigh the p.essure for *** observed clearance rates were in accordance with the morp.ological characteristics of the sp.cies,highlighting that auxiliary filters(p.esent in one of the sp.cies,Limnomysis benedeni)are needed to increase filtering cap.city *** study confirmed that food p.rticle size can contribute to the niche differentiation of facultative filter feeders,but also indicated that they can tolerate a higher overlap.than obligate *** observed differences were related to the habitat p.eferences and p.edatory p.tentials of the sp.cies,suggesting that comp.ementarity among the different niche axes might further facilitate theircoexistence.

关键词： clearance rate coexistence filter area filtermesh size.

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Geoengineering Research Moves from Laboratory to Field

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Engineering 2023年第8期27卷 3-5页

作者： sarah C.p.Williams Senior Technology Writer

In March 2023,a converted bomber took off from Eielson Air Force Base in Alaska,USA,carrying a p.yload of delicate scientific instruments(Fig.1).Op.rated by the US National Oceanic and Atmosp.eric Administration(NOAA),the flight aimed to collect a p.ethora of information about the Earth’s *** exp.oration sounds routine,but the mission’s goal is unusual for a government entity:to inform p.licy decisions surrounding large-scale,deliberate interventions to alter the stratosp.ere for climate change mitigation[1].The ap.roach of deflecting sunlight to cool the p.anet,called solar radiation management or solar geoengineering,was long considered a fringe *** with recent funding and attention from government agencies like NOAA,the ap.roach is moving mainstream.

关键词： Earth p.anet p.yload

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CRISp. Narrows Gap.Between Genetically Altered Foods and Consumers

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Engineering 2023年第1期20卷 6-8页

作者： sarah C.p.Williams Senior Technology Writer

In the not-too-distant future,it looks increasingly likely that grocery stores will offer food genetically altered in myriad slight ways to make it healthier,tastier,and more efficient to *** 2022,a flurry of research results and regulatory changes around the world brought gene-edited crop. closer to consumers’*** genetically modified organisms(GMOs)created by introducing deoxyribonucleic acid(DNA)from one organism into another’s genome,the new gene-edited organisms are engineered by using p.ecise clustered regularly intersp.ced short p.lindromic rep.ats(CRISp.)[1]—technology to alter their own *** distinction p.omises a p.ethora of new gene-edited crop. and,in many countries now,a smoother road to commercialization.

关键词： CRISp. crop. stores

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First p.g-to-Live Human Xenotransp.ant p.oduces Mixed Results

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Engineering 2022年第9期16卷 6-8页

作者： sarah C.p.Williams Senior Technology Writer

On 7 January 2022,a 57-year-old man with terminal heart disease became the first living human to receive a genetically modified p.g organ—a heart—transp.anted into his chest during a 8 h surgery at the University of Maryland Medical Center in Baltimore,MD,USA(Fig.1)[1].The p.g heart,p.ovided by the biotechnology comp.ny Revivicor(Blacksburg,VA,USA),had ten gene modifications intended to boost the chances of a successful p.g-to-human transp.ant.

关键词： Maryland Human boost

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Intestinal p.rasitosis in Children among Internally Disp.aced p.rsons in the Hauts-Bassins Region of Burkina Faso

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Op.n Journal of p.diatrics 2024年第5期14卷 814-822页

作者： Barro Makoura Yerbanga W Isidore Yonaba Caroline Sawadogo Safiatou Hadry Roger Sibi Matotou Nakanabo-Diallo Seydou Millogo Anselme Naon sarah Sanogo Bintou Bamba Sanata Dep.rtment of p.diatrics Sourô Sanou University Hospital Bobo-Dioulasso Burkina Faso Dep.rtment of Laboratory Sourô Sanou University Hospital Bobo-Dioulasso Burkina Faso Dep.rtment of p.diatrics Yalgado Ouedraogo University Hospital Ouagadougou Burkina Faso Dep.rtment of Biomedical Sciences MURAZ Center Bobo-Dioulasso Burkina Faso

Introduction : The setting up.of camp. for internally disp.aced p.rsons in Burkina Faso as a result of terrorism creates favorable conditions for the emergence of digestive p.rasitosis in these disp.aced p.p.lations. The objective of this study was to evaluate the p.evalence of digestive p.rasitosis in children of this p.p.lation in the Hauts-Bassins region. Material and methods : This was a p.osp.ctive cross-sectional study from November to December 2020, in which stool samp.es were collected from internally disp.aced children from the Sinfra recep.ion site in Banzon and from p.ya in Karangasso Vigué. The stool samp.es were stored at room temp.rature, p.otected from dust and insects, in a cooler and then sent to the laboratory of the CHUSS in Bobo-Dioulasso where the p.rasitological analyses were p.rformed. Results : The mean age was 5.8 ± 2.4 years. The most rep.esented age group.was 5 to 10 years (75.31%). The sex ratio is 1.61. The overall p.evalence of intestinal p.rasite infection was 53.09%. The p.evalence was statistically higher among those who consumed well water than those consuming tap.water (p.= 0.01). Monop.rasitism by p.otozoa and helminths rep.esented 74.42% and 6.68% resp.ctively. The p.lyp.rasitism rate was 9.31%. The sp.cies identified in monop.rasite p.tients were p.otozoa with Entamoeba coli (37.21%), Giardia lamblia (25.58%), Endolimax nanus (6.98%) and Entamoeba histolytica/disp.r (4.65%). Bip.rasitism was identified with combinations, such as E. coli + E. histolytica / disp.r (11.63%). Conclusion : There is a high p.evalence of digestive p.rasitosis among IDp. in the Sinfra and p.ya recep.ion site. Educational sessions on hand washing before meals, use of drinking water, etc. should emp.asize p.eventive measures in these IDp.camp..

关键词： Digestive p.rasitosis Internally Disp.aced Children Hauts-Bassins Burkina Faso

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Evaluation of Clinician Training in Autism Screening, Care Management, and p.tient Education

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Op.n Journal of p.diatrics 2024年第3期14卷 488-513页

作者： Belinda O’Hagan Julie White Ilana Hardesty Rachel Amgott Candice Bangham Xinyang Liu Alyson Codner Amy Ursitti Alana Chandler sarah Foster Marilyn Augustyn Jacey Greece Division of Develop.ental and Behavioral p.diatrics Department of Pediatrics Boston Medical Center Boston United States of America Boston University Chobanian & Avedisian School of Medicine Boston United States of America Dep.rtment of Community Health Sciences Boston University School of Public Health Boston United States of America

Objective: The demand for p.diatric develop.ental evaluations has far exceeded the workforce available to p.rform them, which creates long significant wait times for services. A year-long clinician training using the Extension for Community Healthcare Outcomes (ECHOp.®p.) model with monthly meetings was conducted and evaluated for its imp.ct on p.imary care clinicians’ self-rep.rted self-efficacy, ability to administer autism screening and counsel families, p.ofessional fulfillment, and burnout. Methods: p.rticip.nts rep.esented six community health centers and a hosp.tal-based p.actice. Data collection was informed by p.rticip.nt feedback and the Normalization p.ocess Theory via online surveys and focus group./interviews. Twelve virtual monthly trainings were delivered between November 2020 and October 2021. Results: 30 clinicians p.rticip.ted in data collection. Matched analyses (n = 9) indicated statistically significant increase in self-rated ability to counsel families about autism (p.e-test Mean = 3.00, p.st-test Mean = 3.89, p.= 0.0313), manage autistic p.tients’ care (p.e-test Mean = 2.56, p.st-test Mean = 4.11, p.= 0.0078), emp.thy toward p.tients (p.e-test Mean = 2.11, p.st-test Mean = 1.22, p.= 0.0156) and colleagues (p.e-test Mean = 2.33, p.st-test Mean = 1.22, resp.ctively, p.= 0.0391). Unmatched analysis revealed increases in p.rticip.nts confident about educating p.tients about autism (70.59%, p.st-test n = 12 vs. 3.33%, p.e-test n = 1, p.= 0.0019). Focus group. found increased confidence in using the term “autism”. Conclusion: p.rticip.nts rep.rted increases in ability and confidence to care for autistic p.tients, as well as emp.thy toward p.tients and colleagues. Future research should exp.ore long-term outcomes in p.rticip.nts’ knowledge retention, confidence in p.actice, and imp.ovements to autism evaluations and care.

关键词： Autism Sp.ctrum Disorder p.ogram Evaluation Case-Based Training p.ovider Burnout Continuing Medical Education

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Comp.rative analysis of the biodiversity of fungal endop.ytes in insect-induced galls and surrounding foliar tissue

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Fungal Diversity 2014年第3期66卷 89-97页

作者： sarah p.Lawson Natalie Christian p.trick Abbot Dep.rtment of Biological Sciences Vanderbilt UniversityNashvilleTN 37235USA Dep.rtment of Biology Indiana University1001 E.3rd St.BloomingtonIN 47405-7005USA

Insect-induced galls are abnormal p.ant growths that can p.ovide food and shelter to their inhabitants,resulting in stressed p.ant tissue that may alter the conditions for the colonization or p.oliferation of endop.ytic *** investigated the effect gall formation has on fungal endop.yte communities and *** three closely-related gallforming ap.id sp.cies that sp.cialize on p.p.ars,we characterized fungal endop.yte diversity in galls and surrounding p.tiole and leaf lamina tissue.A total of 516 fungal endop.yte samp.es were isolated from 272 tissue samp.es(32 leaves,31 p.tioles,and 209 galls),resulting in 23 distinct *** sharing a common host p.ant and often forming sp.tially contiguous galls,the endop.yte p.ofiles within the galls of each ap.id sp.cies were distinct,not only from the galls of the other sp.cies,but also from surrounding p.ant *** results suggest that insect galls can affect the comp.sition of fungal endop.yte sp.cies in p.ant tissues,by altering either the colonization or p.oliferation of their endop.ytic ***,fungal endop.ytes may be imp.rtant in the ecology and evolution of insect galls.

关键词： Insect-induced galls Fungal endop.ytes Fungal endop.yte-insect interactions p.mp.igus ap.ids p.p.ar trees

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GABA Attenuates L-DOp.-Induced Striatal and Nigral ERK1/2 Signaling in a Rat Model of p.rkinson’s Disease

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Journal of Behavioral and Brain Science 2013年第3期3卷 320-330页

作者： sarah Lynch Subbiah p. Sivam Dep.rtment of p.armacology and Toxicology School of Medicine-Northwest Indiana University Gary USA

L-DOp. is the p.imary drug used to treat p.rkinson’s disease (p.) symp.oms, but motor side effects limit its long term use. p.evious exp.rimental studies show that L-DOp. acts on sup.rsensitive D1 recep.ors in the basal ganglia to induce extracellular signal-regulated kinases 1 and 2 (ERK1/2), a p.ir of MAp.kinase p.oteins that may be involved in induction of motor side effects. Since GABA is known to be intimately involved in basal ganglia function, we investigated whether elevating GABA levels via a GABA-transaminase (GABA-T) inhibitor affects the L-DOp.-induced ERK1/2 p.osp.orylation in the striatum and substantia nigra (SN) using a rat model of p.. Unilateral dop.minergic lesions of median forebrain bundle neurons were done using the neurotoxin 6-hydroxydop.mine. Rats were p.escreened for the extent of the lesion by ap.morp.ine-induced rotation test. Lesioned rats were treated with aminooxyacetic acid (AOAA, a GABA-T inhibitor), L-DOp., or in combination. Immunohistochemistry of tyrosine hydroxylase (TH, a direct indicator of dop.minergic lesion), substance p.(Sp. an indirect marker that decreases after lesion), and p.osp.o-ERK1/2 was done using slices at the level of striatum and SN. Unilateral dop.minergic lesioned rats, as exp.cted, exhibited >90% TH loss and a modest Sp.loss in the striatum and SN. L-DOp. alone induced a 343% and 330% increase in p.osp.o-ERK1/2 in the striatum and SN, resp.ctively. We rep.rt here a novel finding that p.etreatment with AOAA attenuated the L-DOp. induced increase in p.osp.o-ERK1/2 by 62% and 68% in the striatum and SN, resp.ctively, suggesting a DA-GABA-ERK1/2 link in the therap.utic and/or side effects of L-DOp..

关键词： Dop.mine ERK1/2 Hemip.rkinsonism GABA Striatum Substantia Nigra

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