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Cyanobacteria Growth in Nitrogen- &Phosphorus-Spiked Water from a Hypereutrophic Reservoir in Kentucky, USA

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Journal of environmental Protection 2021年第2期12卷 75-89页

作者： sarah e. Hughes Jason W. Marion Department of environmental Health Science College of Health Sciences Eastern Kentucky University Richmond KY USA

Cyanobacteria may adversely impact aquatic ecosystems through oxygen depletion and cyanotoxin production. These cyanotoxins can also harm human health and livestock. In recent years, cyanobacterial blooms have been observed in several drinking water reservoirs in Kentucky, United States. In Kentucky, the paradigm is that phosphorous is the limiting nutrient for cyanobacteria growth. To explore this paradigm, an indoor microcosm study was conducted using hypereutrophic Guist Creek Lake water. Samples were collected and spiked with various combinations of locally used agricultural grade fertilizers, including ammonium nitrate, urea, and triple phosphate (calcium dihydrogen phosphate). Samples were incubated indoors for the photoperiod-specific to the time of the year. Cyanobacteria density, measured by phycocyanin, did not demonstrate increased growth with the addition of phosphate fertilizer alone. Cyanobacteria growth was enhanced in these conditions by the combined addition of ammonium nitrate, urea, and phosphorus fertilizer. Growth also occurred when using either ammonium nitrate or urea fertilizer with no additional phosphorus input, suggesting that phosphorus was not limiting the cyanobacteria at the time of sample collection. The addition of both nitrogen fertilizers (ammonium nitrate and urea) at the concentrations used in this study, in the absence of phosphorus, was deleterious to both the Chlorophyta and cyanobacteria. The results suggest further studies using more robust experimental designs are needed to explore lake-specific dual nutrient management strategies for preventing cyanobacterial blooms in this phosphorus-rich hypereutrophic lake and possibly other hypereutrophic lakes.

关键词： Nutrient Limitation eutrophication Harmful Algal Bloom Fertilization Primary Productivity Phosphorous Loading Nitrate Loading Cyanobacteria Bloom

Osteosarcoma:prognosis plateau warrants retinoblastoma pathway targeted therapy

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Signal Transduction and Targeted Therapy 2016年第1期1卷 119-130页

作者： sarah e Ballatori Philip W Hinds Department of Developmental Molecular and Chemical BiologyTufts University School of MedicineBostonMAUSA

Osteosarcoma(OS)is the most common primary bone cancer in children and adolescents,affecting~560 young patients in the United States *** term OS describes a diverse array of subtypes with varying prognoses,but the majority of tumors are high grade and *** because the true etiology of these aggressive tumors remains unknown,advances in OS treatment have reached a discouraging plateau,with only incremental improvements over the past 40 ***,research surrounding the pathogenesis of OS is essential,as it promises to unveil novel therapeutic targets that can attack tumor cells with greater specificity and lower *** the candidate molecular targets in OS,the retinoblastoma(RB)pathway demonstrates the highest frequency of inactivation and thus represents a particularly promising avenue for molecular targeted *** review examines the present thinking and practices in OS treatment and specifically highlights the relevance of the RB pathway in *** further investigation into RB pathway-related novel therapeutic targets,we believe that a near-term breakthrough in improved OS prognosis is possible.

关键词： retinoblastoma targeted plateau

Cesarean Operative Reports: We Can Do Better!

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Open Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology 2021年第2期11卷 117-124页

作者： sarah e. Goodheart Jonathan D. Baum Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology Jersey Shore University Medical Center Neptune USA

Background: The operative report is an essential component of communication, patient care, and safety;it is a JCAHO requirement and legal document. Almost 80% of residency program directors surveyed agreed on the importance of the operative report, yet less than 20% of programs provide formal resident training. Documentation has important implications in obstetrics as route and timing of future deliveries are often influenced by operative findings. Purpose: Examine completeness of cesarean operative reports using a validated instrument adapted from general surgery. Assess the impact of an educational resident in-service on the required elements and documentation in resident generated cesarean operative reports. Methods: A quality improvement project identified significant deficiencies in resident generated cesarean operative reports. We conducted a retrospective chart review of cesarean operative reports from November 2019 to May 2020 at Jersey Shore University Medical Center. Our study was conducted in three phases. In phase 1, a cohort of cesarean operative reports was examined using a structured evaluation tool. In phase 2, an educational resident in-service on standardization of operative notes was provided. In phase 3, another cohort of cesarean operative reports was examined using the same evaluation tool after the resident in-service. Analysis for improvement was performed. Results: Fifty pre and post-in-service cesarean operative report evaluations weree="font-family:Verdana;"> compared (N = 100). Inclusion of date of surgery significantly improved from 78% to 100%, p-value < 0.001 and inclusion

关键词： Cesarean Documentation Notes Operative Resident

Statins markedly potentiate aminopeptidase inhibitor activity against(drug-resistant)human acute myeloid leukemia cells

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Cancer Drug Resistance 2023年第3期6卷 430-446页

作者： Gerrit Jansen Marjon Al Yehuda G.Assaraf sarah Kammerer Johan van Meerloo Gert J.Ossenkoppele Jacqueline Cloos Godefridus J.Peters Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology Amsterdam Rheumatology and immunology CenterAmsterdam University Medical Centerlocation VUmcAmsterdam 1081 HVThe Netherlands The Fred Wyszkowsky Cancer Research Laboratory Faculty of BiologyThe Technion-Israel Institute of TechnologyHaifa 3200003Israel Department of Medical Oncology Amsterdam University Medical Centerlocation VUmcAmsterdam 1081 HVThe Netherlands Institute of Biotechnology Molecular Cell BiologyBrandenburg University of Technology Cottbus-SenftenbergSenftenberg 01968Germany Department of Hematology Amsterdam University Medical Centerlocation VUmcAmsterdam 1081 HVThe Netherlands Department of Biochemistry Medical University of GdanskGdansk 80-210Poland

Aim: This study aimed to decipher the molecular mechanism underlying the synergistic effect of inhibitors of the mevalonate-cholesterol pathway (i.e., statins) and aminopeptidase inhibitors (APis) on APi-sensitive and -resistant acute myeloid leukemia (AML) ***: U937 cells and their sublines with low and high levels of acquired resistance to (6S)-[(R)-2-((S)-Hydroxy-hydroxycarbamoyl-methoxy-methyl)-4-methyl-pentanoylamino]-3,3 dimethyl-butyric acid cyclopentyl ester (CHR2863), an APi prodrug, served as main AML cell line models. Drug combination effects were assessed with CHR2863 and in vitro non-toxic concentrations of various statins upon cell growth inhibition, cell cycle effects, and apoptosis induction. Mechanistic studies involved analysis of Rheb prenylation required for mTOR ***: A strong synergy of CHR2863 with the statins simvastatin, fluvastatin, lovastatin, and pravastatin was demonstrated in U937 cells and two CHR2863-resistant sublines. This potent synergy between simvastatin and CHR2863 was also observed with a series of other human AML cell lines (e.g., THP1, MV4-11, and KG1), but not with acute lymphocytic leukemia or multiple solid tumor cell lines. This synergistic activity was: (i) specific for APis (e.g., CHR2863 and Bestatin), rather than for other cytotoxic agents;and (ii) corroborated by enhanced induction of apoptosis and cell cycle arrest which increased the sub-G1 fraction. Consistently, statin potentiation of CHR2863 activity was abrogated by co-administration of mevalonate and/or farnesyl pyrophosphate, suggesting the involvement of protein prenylation;this was experimentally confirmed by impaired Rheb prenylation by ***: These novel findings suggest that the combined inhibitory effect of impaired Rheb prenylation and CHR2863-dependent mTOR inhibition instigates a potent synergistic inhibition of statins and APis on human AML cells.

关键词： Aminopeptidase statins mevalonate pathway carboxyl esterase Rheb mTOR

What factors explain anger and mental health during the COVID-19 pandemic? The case of Israeli society

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World Journal of Psychiatry 2021年第10期11卷 864-875页

作者： Orna Braun-Lewensohn sarah Abu-Kaf Tehila Kalagy Department of Interdisciplinary Studies Conflict Management&Resolution ProgramBen-Gurion University of the NegevBeer Sheva 8410501IsraelIsrael Department of Public Policy and Management Ben-Gurion University of the NegevBeer Sheva 8410501IsraelIsrael

BACKGROUND What factors affected the levels of anger and emotional distress experienced during the coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19)pandemic?We hypothesized that(1)sociodemographic factors and resiliency factors would partially explain psychological distress and anger,with stronger resiliency associated with lower levels of distress and anger;(2)women would report more trust in national leadership,as well as more psychological problems;(3)individuals of low socioeconomic status would report less resiliency,less trust in national leadership,and greater distress than individuals of higher socioeconomic status;and(4)hope would mediate the relationships between the other resiliency factors and both anger and *** To explore whether community resilience,hope,and trust in leaders were associated with lower levels of anger and emotional distress during the COVID-19 *** For this observational study,data were gathered in Israel during the second wave of the COVID-19 pandemic,just before the Jewish New Year(mid-September 2020),as a second lockdown was *** were gathered from 636 Israeli adults,who were recruited by the Midgam research *** participants filled out self-reported questionnaires including one on state anger,the Brief Symptom Inventory as a measure of mental-health problems(i.e.,somatization,depression,and anxiety),and questionnaires about trust in the state’s leaders,community resilience(CCRAM),and hope as measures of coping resources and resiliency.t-tests were used to explore differences between men and women and between those of lower and higher socioeconomic status.A hierarchical multiple regression analysis was then used to examine whether and how the sociodemographic and resiliency variables explained state anger and psychological distress.A Sobel test was used to evaluate the possible effects of hope on community resilience and trust in leadership in the context of both distress and *** Our results revealed di

关键词： Community resilience Hope Trust in government Anger Mental health Pandemic

Covalent linkage of sulfated hyaluronan to the collagen scaffold Mucograft® enhances scaffold stability and reduces proinflammatory macrophage activation in vivo

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Bioactive Materials 2022年第2期7卷 420-434页

作者： sarah Al-Maawi Sandra Rother Norbert Halfter Karen M.Fiebig Juliane Moritz Stephanie Moeller Matthias Schnabelrauch Charles James Kirkpatrick Robert Sader Hans-Peter Wiesmann Dieter Scharnweber Vera Hintze Shahram Ghanaati Clinic for Maxillofacial and Plastic Surgery Goethe UniversityFrankfurt Am MainGermany Institute of Materials Science Max Bergmann Center of BiomaterialsTU DresdenBudapester Str.2701069DresdenGermany Biomaterials Department INNOVENT e.V.Prüssingstr.27B07745JenaGermany Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine Glycobiology Research and Training CenterUniversity of CaliforniaSan DiegoLa JollaCAUSA

Sulfated glycosaminoglycans(sGAG)show interaction with biological mediator *** collagen-based biomaterials are widely used in clinics,their combination with high-sulfated hyaluronan(sHA3)is *** study aims to functionalize a collagen-based scaffold(Mucograft®)with sHA3 via electrostatic(sHA3/PBS)or covalent binding to collagen fibrils(sHA3+eDC/NHS).Crosslinking without sHA3 was used as a control(eDC/NHS Ctrl).The properties of the sHA3-functionalized materials were *** vitro growth factor and cytokine release after culturing with liquid platelet-rich fibrin was performed by means of *** cellular reaction to the biomaterials was analyzed in a subcutaneous rat *** study revealed that covalent linking of sHA3 to collagen allowed only a marginal release of sHA3 over 28 days in contrast to electrostatically bound ***3+eDC/NHS scaffolds showed reduced vascular endothelial growth factor(VeGF),transforming growth factor beta 1(TGF-β1)and enhanced interleukin-8(IL-8)and epithelial growth factor(eGF)release in vitro compared to the other *** sHA3/PBS and eDC/NHS Ctrl scaffolds showed a high proinflammatory reaction(M1:CD-68+/CCR7+)and induced multinucleated giant cell(MNGC)formation in *** sHA3+eDC/NHS scaffolds reduced the proinflammatory macrophage M1 response and did not induce MNGC formation during the 30 ***3+eDC/NHS scaffolds had a stable structure in vivo and showed sufficient integration into the implantation region after 30 days,whereas eDC/NHS Ctrl scaffolds underwent marked disintegration and lost their initial *** summary,functionalized collagen(sHA3+eDC/NHS)modulates the inflammatory response and is a promising biomaterial as a stable scaffold for full-thickness skin regeneration in the future.

关键词： Sulfated hyaluronan Collagen Wound healing Cellular reaction Multinucleated giant cells

Quantifying Hydrologic and Water Quality Responses to Bioenergy Crops in Town Creek Watershed in Mississippi

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Journal of Sustainable Bioenergy Systems 2013年第3期3卷 202-208页

作者： Prem B. Parajuli sarah e. Duffy Department of Agricultural and Biological engineering Mississippi State University Starkville USA

Bioenergy crops are considered as a feedstock source, which can be grown in marginal soils. However, these crops may have different levels of crop yield potential and environmental benefits. The objectives of this study were to model and compare the effects of four bioenergy crops (corn—Zea mays, soybean—Glycine max (L.) Merr., miscanthus—Miscanthus-giganteus, and switchgrass—Panicum virgatum) in the Town Creek watershed (TCW) in northeast Mississippi using the Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT) model. The calibrated SWAT model for TCW was used to quantify impacts to streamflow, crop yield, and sediment yield. The SWAT model reasonably (edicted long-term (January, 1990 to September, 2009) monthly streamflow (25.88 m3·s-1) from the TCW when compared with the USGS observed stream flow (29.34 m3·s-1. In addition, model reasonably predicted (±6%) average annual corn yield (4.66 Mg·ha-1) and soybean yield (1.42 Mg·ha-1) as compared to National Agricultural Statistics Service (NASS) reported average annual corn (4.96 Mg·ha-1) and soybean yield (1.34 Mg·ha-1) from the watershed. Further, the model simulated results from this study determined that long-term average annual feedstock yield from TCW is the greatest when growing miscanthus grass (817,732 Mg) followed by switchgrass (477,317 Mg), corn (236,132 Mg), and soybeans (65,235 Mg). The SWAT model predicted the greatest annual average sediment yield (6.62 Mg·ha-1) from continuous corn crop scenario while the perennial grasses (switchgrass and miscanthus) had the lowest sediment yield (2.91 Mg·ha-1 and 3.20 Mg·ha-1 respectively). Overall, producing a perennial grass in the TCW would provide the largest biomass feedstock source with the least environmental impact. The results of this study will help to eN-US" style="

关键词： Perennial Grass Water Quality Watershed SWAT

Combinatorial enzyme Approach to Convert Wheat Insoluble Arabinoxylan to Bioactive Oligosaccharides

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Advances in enzyme Research 2023年第1期11卷 1-10页

作者： Dominic W. S. Wong sarah Batt William H. Orts Western Regional Research Center United States Department of Agriculture Agricultural Research Service Albany CA USA

Combinatorial enzyme technology was applied for the conversion of wheat insoluble arabinoxylan to oligosaccharide structural variants. The digestive products were fractionated by Bio-Gel P4 column and screened for bioactivity. One fraction pool was observed to exhibit antimicrobial property resulting in the suppression of cell growth of the test organism ATCC 8739 e. coli. It has a MIC value of 1.5% (w/v, 35°C, 20 hr) and could be useful as a new source of prebiotics or preservatives. The present results further confirm the science and useful application of combinatorial enzyme approach.

关键词： Combinatorial enzyme Approach Wheat Insoluble Arabinoxylan Bioactive Oligosaccharides

Storage and Timed Release of Acetaminophen from Porous Carbonaceous Materials

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Open Journal of Physical Chemistry 2013年第2期3卷 76-88页

作者： sarah e. McCary Thomas R. Rybolt Department of Chemistry University of Tennessee at Chattanooga Chattanooga USA

Six carbon powders with varied surface areas and porosities were used to store and release acetaminophen (ACT). A 10 mg/mL solution of acetaminophen in phosphate buffer solution (pH = 7.0) at 25℃ with exposure to carbon powder for 72 hours was used to drive the maximum loading of acetaminophen into the powders. Carboxen 1012 (BeT surface area of1500 m2/g) powder exhibited the greatest maximum adsorption of ACT (up to 62% by mass). The maximum ACT adsorption was correlated with surface area and porosity. The most effective carbon powders for binding ACT were ones containing high mesopore volumes. Loaded carbon powder was separated from the ACT solution and then phosphate buffer solution (pH = 7.0) was combined with the loaded carbon powder and ACT absorbance readings at 243 nm were taken over time. The various carbon powders were able to release a portion of the ACT that they originally adsorbed. The Carboxen 1012 powder displayed the greatest ACT release with a rapid initial release followed by a steady but slightly declining release over a time period of 2 to 11 weeks. The results were supportive of mesoporous carbons such as Carboxen 1012 being suitable for drug loading and release.

关键词： Carbon Powders Drug Release Adsorption of Acetaminophen Mesoporosity Storage of Acetaminophen